Thesis Booklet by Lauren Pasion

THE DISSOLUTION OF STATIC DEMARCATION © 2 012 Laure n Pa si on Al l Rig ht s Reser ved

M E D I AT I N G S P E C I F I C I T Y + D E M A N D S O F F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S A The s is p re s e n te d to t h e fa c u l t y o f t h e N ew Sc ho o l o f A rc h i te c t u re + D e s i g n I n p a r t ia l f u l fi l l m e n t o f t h e re q u ire me n t s fo r t h e d e g re e o f B a c he l ors o f A rc h i te c t u re B y La ure n Pa s i o n San Die g o, 2 012 Ap p rove d by :

_____________________________________ Doug Wig an ows ke The s is Ad v i s o r Und e rgrad u a te Th e s i s C o - C h a i r

_____________________________________ P hil ip p B o s s h a r t Und e rgrad u a te Th e s i s C o - C h a i r

_____________________________________ Le n Z e gar s k i Und e rgrad u a te Pro g ra m C h a i r

P rem is e d w it h t he w r it ings of Co l in R owe , Peter Eis e n man n , R e m Ko o l ha a s, S tan A llen, J e s s e R e is e r, N ana ko Ume m o to and B e r na rd Ts c hu mi and in fl u e n c e d by t h e wor k s of Dil l e r Sc ofid io + Renfro, and M or p ho s is, t his t he s is seeks to re s p o nd to t he c ha l l e ng e s of conte mp ora r y p a ra d igms. Such di sco ur s e a tte mp t s to fo r mu l a te an a ut he nt ic e t hos a p p l ic a b l e to a mult i t u d e o f c o nve r s a t io n s. The in q u i r i e s a ddre s s e d in t his te x t w il l re ma in a s par t of an ongoing d ia l o g of o s ci l l a t i ng nego t ia t io n t ha t is u l t ima te l y in s e a rc h for t h e o p e ra t i ve s u b l ime . â&#x20AC;&#x153;A rchite c t u re is l ike t he s e a , o r mo n ey : i t falls into an inte r me d ia te c a te g o r y b et we e n ma tte r and eve nt s. I t is a mod u l a to r.â&#x20AC;&#x153; 1

L AU R E N PASIO N

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

I a m d e ep l y g ra te f u l fo r D o u g Wiganow s ke , wh o e nd u re d e nd l e s s hour s of c r i t i q u e s f ro m wh i c h a r i c h d ia l o gu e h a s d eve l o p e d t h e c o n te n t s in t his b o o k . I a l s o owe t h an k s to t h e d e s ign e xp e r t i s e o f Ph i l i p p B o s s h a r t and M oz h d e h M a r t i n , wh o s e g u i d an c e and ins ig h t c o n t r i b u te d to my re s e a rc h and grow t h . M any t han k s to N ewS c h o o l o f Arc hite c t u re + D e s i g n [ U nd e rg ra d u a te C/O 2 012 , Fa c u l t y and S ta ff ] fo r p rovid ing t h e fo r u m and u n fo rg e tta b l e s t ud io c u l t u re . M y Fa mil y - M o m , D a d , K r y s t l e , Ju n e and M ike, I a m i nd e b te d to yo u fo r yo u r e nd l e s s l ove and s u p p o r t t h ro u g h o u t t his jo u r n ey.

acknowledgments

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

d i s s o l ut i o n o f stat i c d e m a r c at i o n De fo r m e d Pe rc e p t u a l Ph e n o m e n a

a r c h i t e c t u r e o f a uto n o my N o r m and Fo r m Diffe re n t i a t i o n Pa r t s Grou p i ng - S a t u ra t i o n Ep hem e ra l C o nd i t i o n s

h y p e r c u lt u r a l f i e l d c o n d i t i o n s F uz z y C o nd i t i o n s H yp erc u l t u re N e go t i a t i o n I nte n s i t i e s

D E T E R M I N AT E L E G I B I L I T Y Lite ral Tran s p a re n c y P he n o m e n a l Tran s p a re n c y De ter m i n a te E x p e c ta t i o n s

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S F l uid Tran s p a re n c y B l u r r i ng Pe rc e p t i o n F ie l ds, M i x v s. M a s h Ge ner i c and t h e E ve n t M o m e n t s o f E x c h ang e Conn e c t i v i t y Conti nu i t y, C o n s tan t La ye re d Th i c ke n i ng Sup er i m p o s i t i o n R e frac t i o n I nvis i b i l i t y

A P P L I E D c u r at i o n

C O N T E N TS

DI SS OLUTIO N O F ST A T I C D EM A RC A T IO N deformed perceptual phenomena

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Arc h itect ureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s necess it y to d e marcate i s i nherent in it s p hysic a l a tt ri b utes, howeve r it is t he m om ent of di fferent i at ion t ha t ha s g e ne rated formal i nde p e nd e n c e

d is t inc t p a r t s. In s tan c e s o f tang e n c y, in te r s e ct i o n , and b i f u rc a t i o n a re c r it ic a l i n i nve s t i g a t i ng vo l u m e t r i c re l a t io n s h i p s. B y re nd e r i ng a d a t u m i nv i s i b l e a t t h e s e n o d e s,

and per functor y di scont inu it y. C onseq uent ly, t he pe rc e i ve d frag m entat i on of spa t ia l e x p e r ie nc e d oe s n ot reflect conte mp o ra r y n o t io n s of fl uc t ua t i ng flui di t y and b l ur re d p rog rammi ng. A manife s ta t ion o f s u c h obsc ure deli nea t i on c an b e tangib l y ac h ieved only t hroug h a rc hite c t u ra l inte r vent i ons w hi ch manipu l a te t he re c og ni t i on of over t d iffe re n t ia t io n . Add re s si ng t he open - e nd e d n e s s of M oderni sm and legib il it y o f Postm oderni sm, t he dis s o l u t io n of t he static demarca t i on i s a ne c e s s a r y re sp on se to medi a t i ng t he s p e c ific it y and demands of fi eld c o nd it io n s.

t he d e ma rc a t i o n b e t we e n vo l u m e s o ffe r vis u a l a b s o r p t i o n o r i m p l i c i t c o n s c io u s n e s s o f p e r i p h e ra l s p a c e s. Thu s, s p a t i a l l a ye r i ng o r â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;t hic ke n i ngâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; [ c o i n e d by M o h o l y - n a g y ] o c c u r s, i n fl u e n c i ng t h e p e rc e i ve d o rganiz a t i o n o f s e q u e n t i a l e l e m e n t s. I n t his in s tan c e , t h e a m p l i fi c a t i o n o f o p t ic a l k n owl e d g e e x p and s t i m e and in d oing s o, fa c i l i ta te s t h e u n c e r ta i n t y o f c onflu e n c e .

S p atia l coherence o f a fie l d a l l ow s e dg e condi t i ons to b e c ome s e e mingl y ul te rior. A lt hough t rans p a re n c y is t he m ost l i teral means to an e l u s i ve e d ge , asse mblages of unde fin e d t rans it io n a l e xpe riences [flui d t ran s p a re nc ie s ] al so h ave t he ab i li t y to d is in te gra te p e rc e i ved b oundari e s. Configura t ions of g e omet ri c and tecto n ic s ys te ms op e rate to foster an i l l us i ve c ont inu it y, se am l essly carr yi ng the u s e r t hrough l aye r s of ar t i cula ted s p a c e s. Th is il l egi b le demarca t ion o c c u r s sp e c ifi ca lly at moment s of ove r l a p o r e xc h ange, focusi ng on o p p o r t unit ie s wh e re formal maneu ve r s ma y me d ia te

d e f o r m e d p e r c e pt u a l p h e n o m e n a

The me d i a t i o n b e t we e n n o d e s w it hin a fi e l d va r y wi t h i n te n s i t y d u e to in fl u e n c e s o f p rox i ma l fo rc e s. De mands o f p ro g ra ma t i c i n t i ma c y, l and s c ap e , and c i rc u l a t i o n re q u i re gra d ie n t s o f v i s i b i l i t y and c l a r i t y, a d jus t ing t h e o p a c i t y o r a p e r t u re o f d e marc a t i o n a c c o rd i ng l y. In re s ul t , a s p e c t r u m o f l e g i b l e - i l l e g i b l e d e ma rc a t i o n i s d eve l o p e d and i s u t il iz e d to n e g o t i a te t h e l o c a l i t i e s o f p a r t s wh i l e c u ra t i ng an ove ra l l c o he s io n . Ul t ima te l y t h e u n i t y o f c o h e s i o n is a p p re h e nd e d by e xp e r i e n c i ng c o n t inu i t y t h ro u g h a fi e l d fa c i l i ta te d by n o d e s o f c o n t ro l l e d e d g e c o nd i t i o n s. The d is s o l u t i o n o f d e ma rc a t i o n wi l l ma te r ia l i z e wh e re s ta t i c d i ffe re n t i a t i o n s e e k s rec o n c i l i a t i o n wi t h t h e a mb igu i t y o f p l a s t i c i t y.

Architecture as M O D U L ATO R

C ON V E RS A TI ON OBJEC T IV E [ c onstrai nt s]

F ORM

SUBJECT IVE

P OS T - I N D U S TRI A L

[fre e d om]

s tand a rd i ze d c u s to m i za t i o n

FUNCTION

M OD E RN I S M fo r m fo l l ows f u n c t i o n re nd e re d t h e g e n e r i c

P OS TM OD E RN I S M o p t i c a l d e p e nd e n c e re p re s e n ta t i ve c o n te xt u a l i s m

OBJEC T

LEGIB L E

FIEL D

IL LEGIBLE

D E CON S TR U CTI V I S M a u to n o my o f fo r m g e o m e t r i c ‘ pu r i t y’

TH E S I S d i s s o l u t i o n o f s ta t i c d e ma rc a t i o n re c o n c i l i a t i o n b e t we e n s p e c i fi c i t y and c o h e re n c e

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

H is tor ic a ll y, i n t h e e ffo r t to a d d re s s a mul t ip l i c i t y o f c h ang i ng va r i a b l e s, a rc hite c t u re h a s a c te d a s a m o d u l a to r b e t we e n t h e o b j e c t i ve and s u b j e c t i ve . H oweve r, ea c h a rc h i te c t u ra l m ove m e n t s t r uggl e d wi t h t h e a u to n o my and re p re s e nta t i o n o f a rc h i te c t u ra l e l e me n t s wh i l e a d d re s s i ng ( 1 ) i d e n t i t y (s p e c ific i t y o f l o c a l i t y ) and ( 2 ) t i m e (fl e x ib il it y ) . In my ow n a tte m p t to d o s o, t his t h e s i s e xp l o re s t h e n e g o t i a t i o n b e t we e n l e g i b i l i t y and i l l e g i b i l i t y o f a rc hite c t u ra l man i fe s ta t i o n s a s a m e an s to u nd e r s tand i ng re l a t i o n s h i p s b e t we e n e l e me n t s.

LINEAGE

d e f o r m e d p e r c e pt u a l p h e n o m e n a

ARCHI TECT U RE O F A U T O NO M Y norm and form A n evo l u t io n of any s or t or igina tes from a his to r y w hic h b e gan fro m a syste ma t ic o rd e r. This ‘nor m’ s e r ve s a s a refere nc e p o in t fo r w hic h va r ia b l e s of devia t ion ma y b e ju x ta p os e d . Di ffere n t ia t io n is a c hieve d w he n devi at ions a re s o a l te re d , t ha t it s h i f t s from b e ing a “d iffe re nc e in d e gre e to a di ffere n c e in k ind”. 2 In arc hite c t ure , t he c l a s s ic a l c a r te s i an gri d s e r ve s a s b a s is of for ma l gene ra t io n . Due to t he va s t and fluct ua t ing d e mand s o f a rc hite c t u re , t he dis c ip l ine is c o n t inuous l y s hif t i ng to pa ra d igms of n ove l t y. Al t hough unsta b l e , a c ommon d ia l o g oc c u r s each c yc l e t ha t me d ia te s c o n fl ic t i ng demand s l ike for m and func t ion.

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

KUNSTHAUS Museum of Modern Art Pe te r C o ok, C olin Four nie r Z u r i c h , S wit z er land

ARCHI TECTUR E OF AUTONOMY

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

I t is p o s s ib l e t h a t d i ffe re n t i a t i o n ma y e me rge o u t o f s i m i l a r i t y. Th e p e rc e p t i o n o f d is t in c t i o n i s d e p e nd e n t o n wh a t i s t he q u a l if y i ng m e a s u re . G e o m e t r i c a l l y, t he s ha p e s s h ow n h e re a re s i m i l a r l y c irc u l a r, b u t a re a l s o d i ffe re n t i a te d by t he in te r n a l h a t c h i ng o r c o l o r. I n c o n s t ras t to pu re s e m i o t i c s, a rc hite c t u re c an b e m e a s u re d by for ma l o r p e r fo r ma t i ve va l u e s. Fo r e xa mp l e , t h e M o d e r n i s t p a ra d i g mâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s foc us on f u n c t i o n and t h e eve n t ge n e ra te d a u n i fo r m In te r n a t i o n a l S t y l e .

D I F F E R E N T I AT I O N

ARCHI TECTUR E OF AUTONOMY

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

I s a wa l l o f b r i c k s j u s t o n e l a rg e b r i c k ? The re l a t i o n s h i p b e t we e n p a r t s o f a mo d u l a r s y s te m o ffe r s l i tt l e va r i e t y wh e n s c a l e is man i pu l a te d . Th i s h o m o g e n e i t y is re d u c t i ve and l i te ra l l y m i r ro r s a he ira rc hic a l p a r t s - to - wh o l e re l a t i o n s h i p. Whe n p a r t s a re an a g g re g a te o f ite ra t io n s, a mu l t i p l i c i t y o f u n e x p e c te d re l a t io n s h i p s a re fo r m e d . Th e d i ve r s e c o n figu ra t i o n h a s t h e p o te n t i a l to o p e ra te ac ro s s d i ffe re n t s c a l e s and man ife s t c o h e re n t s p e c i fi c i t y i n a fi e l d .

PA RTS

ARCHI TECTUR E OF AUTONOMY

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

ARCHI TECTUR E OF AUTONOMY

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

The gro u p i ng o f p a r t s p rov i d e s a s ys te ma t i c a p p ro a c h to c o n fi g u ra t i o n s. This d oe s n o t n e c e s s a r i l y e n ta i l ge o me t r ic c o n ta i n m e n t o r l i n e a r u n ifor mit y, b u t ra t h e r fa c i l i ta te s c o mmu n i c a t i o n b e t we e n f ra g m e n t s. Group ing s, h oweve r, p ro d u c e an a d d i t i ve and he ira rc h i c a l m e t h o d o l o g y. Fo r s ys te ms to c o m mu n i c a te i n a fe e d - b a c k l o o p, ind e p e nd e n t o f h e i ra rc hy ( wh e re t he p a r t icu l a r a ffe c t s t h e wh o l e and vic e -ve r s a) , a d j a c e n c i e s a re p e rc e i ve d a s d e gre e s o f s a t u ra t i o n , wh e re t h e d e n s it y o f re l a t i o n s h i p s a re t h e g ro u p.

G R O U P I N G - s at u r at i o n

ARCHI TECTUR E OF AUTONOMY

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

I n an a tte m p t to a d d re s s t h e fl u c u a t ing d e mand s o f s p e c i fi c i t y, s tand a rd i za t i o n fo r c u s to m i z a t i o n h a s e me rge d. G e n e r i c s y s te m s e n a b l e in te rc hang e a b l e p a r t s to o p e ra te ind e p e nd e n t l y. A l t h o u g h a d e g re e o f fl e x ib il i t y i s re a l i z e d , t h e fa u l t o f t his s ys te m i s t h e c o n t i ng e n c y o n c u s tomiz a t i o n a s an i m p o s e d fo rc e ra t he r t han g e n e ra te d . Ep ito miz ed by t h e d e p e nd e n c e o n s up e r fic ia l s e m i o t i c s, a rc h i te c t u re i s t he c r it ic a l m e d i u m to c o m mu n i c a te systems beyond a means of representation.

EPH EMER AL CONDITIONS

ARCHI TECTUR E OF AUTONOMY

9,000 B.C.Hunt + Gather

MA R KE TP L ACE

MARKET

N E WS PA P ER

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

1 8 th C e ntu ry : R ise o f bo u rge ois ie

1657:BostonTown Hall and Marketplace 1666:First newspaper advertising supplement,London Gazette

Early 17th Century:Growth of markets in Europe 1606:New Exchange,London 1608:Amsterdam Exchange 17th Century:Explosion of shops due to rise in credit

STO CK E XCHA N G E 1 566- 1 568 : R oya l E xc h a nge L o n d o n

1435-1444:Leon Battista Alberti writes Della Famiglia from which capitalist maximâ&#x20AC;&#x153;time is moneyâ&#x20AC;?would later be derived

Middle Ages:marketplace as civic center rise of trade causes increase in growth of shops

400 B.C.The Greek agora conflates public forum and marketplace Seventh Century B.C.:Lydians invent reatil shops

7,000 B.C.City of Catalhoyuk founded trade of commerce

T RA D E

R A IL ROA D MI R R O R

19th Century:Karl Marx introduces fetishization

FI X ED P R IC E S

1840s:Charles Henry Harrod takes over a small grocery shop

MA R X ISM

1843:Account of floor-to-ceiling glass,London

DEPA R TMENT STOR E

G L AS S MA I L O RD E R

1890:SIgmund Freud:The Unconscious Mind

FR E U D

1902:Macy’s Marshall Field’s,and JC Penney’s 1905:Harrod’s moves into present-day location

A DV E R T ISIN G

V E NDIN G MACH IN ES S PRI NK L ER S

EC OM M ER C E

HIG HWAY

M E TA B OL IST

1945:First plastic mannequin 19 50 : First o p e n a i r m a l l : No rth gate , Seat tl e 1950s:Color tv 1951:First dumbell plan:Framingham,Mass. Late 1950s:Metabolist Movement,Japan 1 956: First e nc lo se d m a l l : So uth da l e , Min nea po l is : V ictor G ru e n 1 957 : Fi rst d ut y fr e e s h o p, Sh a n no n a ir po rt, I r e l a n d 1959:The float glass prcess ensures perfectly flat glass 1962:First Walmart 1963:First LCD display

MALL

1 94 4 M a r k I C a lc u l ato r by I BM

Late 1940s:Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver apply for patents for the U.P .C.symbol and its decoder

1907:Neiman Marcus,Dallas Early 20th Century:Regulation of advertising for truth 1915:Mitsukoshi Depato,Tokyo 1920s:Credit cards first used in the U.S.for individual companies 1919:First Deparment store air conditioned 1919:1,081 Woolworth Shops 1920s:Radio Advertising Early 1920s:First shopping cart made in Houston,Texas 1920s:First outlet stores,New England 1 92 2 : First U n if ie d s h o p p ing Ma l l C o u ntry C lu b Pl aza, Ka ns as C i t y 1925:First modern superhighway:Brox River Parkway 1925:Sears,Roebuck,Chicago 1923:First wax mannequin,Moulin Rouge,Paris 1 93 0 : D epa rtme nt sto r e s br a nc h o ut to su b u rbs 1926:First working television First su p e r m a r k et: K ing K u l l e n, N.Y.

1905:Air conditioning coined by Stuart Cramer

1892:First coupon introduced by C.W.Post to promote Grape-Nuts cereal

1883:First vending machine,London

C R EDI T C A R DS

1957:Situationist International founded

H Y P E R C U LT U R A L F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S

T E L E PH O NE O RD E R

1870s:Parmelee heat-sensitive sprinkler head introduced in the U.S. 1876:Telephone order:Alexander Graham Bell patents telephone

ADVERTISING

1903:The pneumatic tube rovides communication within large buildings

TECHNOLOGY 1872:First mail-order catalogue sent to farmers by Montgomery Ward

ESCAL ATO R

1872:Bloomingdale’s,New York

Mid-19th Century:glass becomes mass produced 1 8 52 : First de pa rtme nt sto r e : Au Bo n Ma rc h e , Pa r is 1858:Macy’s,New York 1859:First modern chain store 1859:Ames escalator patent Great Atlantic & PacificTea Co.,New York

SI DE WA LKS 1838-1870:Citywide sidewalk system built in Paris

1824:Introduction of fixed prices

19th Century:deveopment of railroads

19th Century:Production of full-length mirror used for dressing purposes

1786:First arcade:Garleries de Bois,Paris

IN DU STR I AL R E VO LU T IO N

LC D

AT M s

1991:Total U.S.department store sales:$177.88 billion 1992-94:55% of new U.S.retail = big box 1995:Wal-Mart:$93.6 billion in sales Largest retailer in the world 1 998: Pay pa l n, E b ay 4.97 billion sq.ft.total leasable retail area E c o m me rc e : A m azo 2000:Average credit card debt in the U.S.is $2,814 1992:Mall of America

1970s:First automated teller machines 1970s:BernardTschumi,Event Architecture 1977:Privatization of British Airports Authority (BAA) 1 98 1 : L a rge st Ma l l : E st E dmo nto n

MOBILIZATION

E V EN T

THEORY

SI T U AT ION IST

FU Z ZY CON D IT I O N S T H E T R E N D T O W A R D S H Y P E R C U LT U R E Forces of te c hnol ogy and gl o b a l i za t i o n have d ra s t ic a l l y a l te re d b e ha viora l patte r n s and re l a t ions hip s in s oc i e t y. Peop l e a re b e c oming mo re inte rac t i ve [hyp e ra c t i ve ] and d is c ip l in e s a re more c ol l a b ora t i ve [hyp e r s oc ia l ], wh i l e a rchite c t u re a d d re s s e s a mu l t it u d e o f scales [hyp e rd ime ns io n a l ]. The fu zz y o r va gu e c ond it ions of d eve l o p ing tre nd s cha l l e nge s a rc hite c t u re to a d d re s s t he de mand s o f s p e c ific it y in t he s e conte mp ora r y fie l d c o nd it io n s. Th e media t ion o f int r ic a c y and c ohe re n c e t hrough ge ne ra t i ve for ma l and tec to n i c techn iq u e s w il l re s u l t in a p l a s t ic s y s te m t hat is a b l e to a d d re s s c hanging need s ra t he r t han imp os ing a s ing u l a r solutio n . I n re s ul t o f t his re c o n c il i a t i o n , t he dis s o l u t io n of s ta gnant demc a rc a t ion w il l b e a c hieve d .

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

H Y P E R C U LT U R A L F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

H Y P ER ACT IV E - Pe o p l e a re m o re a re in te ra c t i ve , e n c o u ra g i ng c o n n e c t i v i t y and s ha re d re s o u rc e s. H Y P ER SO C IA L - N e t wo r k s o f c ro s s d is c ip l inar y c o l l a b o ra t i ve a p p ro a c h e s t ha t in s pi re s h a r i ng and p a r t i c i p a to r y e ffor t s to a c h i eve c o n te x t u a l l y re s p ons i ve re s u l t s. H Y P ER DI ME N S IO N A L - Th e c a p a c i t y fo r a rc hite c t u re to a d a p t and t ran s fo r m ove r t ime , a s s u m i ng c h ang e s i n s iz e , s c a l e , fo r m and a p p e a ran c e d e p e nd ing o n s p e c i fi c s i t u a t i o n s and n e e d s o f t h e c o n te m p o ra r y s o c i e t y. 3

H Y P E R C U LT U R E

H Y P E R C U LT U R A L F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

N E G OT I AT I O N

C O L L A B O R AT I V E

e g o c e nt r i c TA C T I L E

VIRTUAL

HOMOGENOUS INDI V IDUAL

HETEROGENOUS NE TWORK

PRESCRIPTIVE PA R O C H I A L GENERIC

G LO B A L C U STO M I Z E D

FORMAL OBJECT

INFORMAL FIELD

EPHEMERAL D E M A R C AT E D

H Y P E R C U LT U R A L F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S

U N P R E D I C TA B L E

A DAPTI VE AMORPHOUS

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Arc hite c t u re a s a m o d u l a to r o f d i ve r s e s y s te m s and e l e m e n t s re q u i re s t he me d ia t i o n o f e xt re m i t i e s. Th i s i s a c hieve d wh e n re c o n c i l i a t i o n o c c u r s w it ho u t ex c l u s i o n o r s a c r i fi c e . R e i s e r + Ume mo to’s d e s c r i p t i o n o f fi n e n e s s p re s e nt s a l o g i c t h a t i nve s t i g a te s t h e b a l an c e b e t we e n g e o m e t r y and fo rc e a p p l ic a b l e a t a l l s c a l e s. “The fin e n e s s a rg u m e n t i s e n c a p s u l a te d in t he d en s i t i e s o f a s p o ng e : to o fi n e and it a c t s l i ke a h o m o g e n o u s s o l i d ; to o c o a r s e and i t b e c o m e s c o n s t ra i n e d to it s me mb e r s.” 4

INTENSITIES

H Y P E R C U LT U R A L F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

R e l a t ions h i p s b e t we e n p a r t s c an b e me d iate d i n a va r i e t y o f wa y s. Tran s p a ren c y i n a l i te ra l s e n s e i s t h e mo s t d ire c t m e an s to an e l u s i ve e d g e . Vis ua l p e n e t ra t i o n i n s tan t l y o p e n s a d ia l o g b et we e n s p a c e s. Al t hough g l a s s p rov i d e s c l e a r l e g i b i l i t y to s ys te m s s u c h a s s t r u c t u re o r eve n t , t he vis ual a m p l i fi c a t i o n o f s p a c e h a s t he p o te n t i a l to s t i mu l a te u n e x p e c te d e x p e r ie nce s o f d i s t i n c t p a r t s. Thu s l e gib il it y c an p ro d u c e an i l l e g i b i l e p e rc e p t io n o f s p a t i a l s e q u e n c e .

L I TE R A L TR A N S PA R E N CY

D E T E R M I N AT E E X P E C TAT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

P he n o me n a l t ran s p a re n c y a d d re s s e s t he t wo-di m e n s i o n a l re a d i ng o f vol ume t r i c s p a c e . Pre m i s e d by t h e vis u a l l a ye r i ng man i fe s te d i n C u b i s t p a in t ing, p h e n o m e n a l t ran s p a re n c y a l l ow s viewe r s to e a s i l y a p p re h e nd d e p t h and g e o m e t r y. Simul taneo u s p e rc e p t i o n o f s p a c e s i s a c hieve d t h ro u g h o rg an i z a t i o n u t i l i zi ng t he s t ra teg i e s b e l ow. Ph e n o m e n a l t ran s p a ren c y i s man i fe s te d i n fo r m s o f a ggre ga t i o n t h an s i ng l e m o n o l i t h i c ima ge r y.

P H E N O M E N A L TR A N S PA R E N CY

E XTRUSIONS

D E T E R M I N AT E E X P E C TAT I O N S

L AY E R

STA G G E R

I N T E R LO C K

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

“The imp re s s i o n o f t ran s p a re n c y i s c re a te d wh e n t h e d e p t h , a tt r i b u te s, and a r range m e n t o f s p a c e s o r s e q u e n c e s o f s p a c e s a re c l e a r l y p e rc e i va b l e”. 5

TH E PORTU GU ES E pa i nti n g G e o rge s B ra q ue

D E T E R M I N AT E E X P E C TAT I O N S

LE GI BI LI TY d e t e r m i n at e e x p e c tat i o n s A s demo n s t ra te d by R owe and Slut z kyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Lite ra l and P he nome na l t rans p a re n c ie s 6, l e gib il it y d e l i ve r s di rect in te r p re ta t io n s o f s p a t ia l rela t ions hip s. The op t ic a l e ffe c t s are purel y re p re s e nta t iona l . As c r it ic ize d by Det lef M e r t in s, t his is a re d u c t i ve and hi era rc hic a l inte r p re ta t ion. H oweve r, j ust a s s imil a r it y ma y b e e x t ra c te d f ro m di ffere n t ia t io n and vic e - ve r s a , il l e g i b i l i t y [or i nd e te r min a te inte ns it ie s ] ma y manife s t by manipu l a t io n s o f l e gi b i l i t y and c onve r s e l y. A lex ic o n fo r l e gib il it y: di ffere n t ia t io n vi si b il it y fragm e n ta t io n / d is c ont inu it y pred ic ta b l il it y repre s e n ta t io n

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

D E T E R M I N AT E E X P E C TAT I O N S

SEE THROUGH CHURCH P i e te rjan G i js and Arn o u t Van Va e re n b e rgh Li mb u rg, Be lgi u m

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Simil a r to t h e c h a ra c te r i s t i c s o f l i q u i d , fl u id t rans p a re n c y ta ke s s h a p e d u e to it s s ur rou nd i ng s, o r va r i a b l e fo rc e s. This t yp e o f c o nd i t i o n i s c r i t i c a l to p rovid ing t h e mu l t i p l i c i t y o f e xp e r i e n c e s re q u ire d wh e n i m p l e m e n t i ng fl e xi b i l i t y and a d a pt i ve s y s te m s i n a rc h i te c t u re . F l uid t ran s p a re n c y i s ve r y mu c h c irc u ms tan t i a l and i s p e rc e i ve d d iffe re nt l y d e p e nd i ng o n t h e c o mb in a t i o n o f s ta t i c s p a t i a l p re s e n c e and it s rel a t i o n to o t h e r va r i a b l e fo rc e s.

F LUI D tr a n s pa r e n cy

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

IL LE GI BI LI TY blurring perception Cont ra s t to l e gib il it y, il l e gib il it y med i a te s rela t ions hip s of s p a c e t hrough obs c u re conn e c t io n s. The us e of a mb igu o u s syste ms a l l ow s for o p p o r t unit ie s o f unex p e c te d s y n e rgie s to p e rc o l a te di st i n c t ord e r. Amb iguit y in t his c as e i s not eq ui va l e nt to t he ge ne r ic re s o l u t i o n , b ut i s in s te a d a p e rc e i ve d o p p o r t u n i t y for o t he r t han t he re p re s e nte d . A lex ic o n fo r il l e gib il it y: fi eld b lend i nvi sib l e continu it y unex p e c te d layere d cons tant

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

THE BLUR BUILDING Di l l e r + Scofid io Yve rd o n -le s -b a ins, Swit z er land

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

F ie l d c o nd i t i o n s re fl e c t s h i f t s i n re l a t io n s h i p s - f ro m s i ng u l a r to mu l t i p l e , va r ia t ion to va r i e t y, and s o o n . â&#x20AC;&#x153;The fie l d d e s c r i b e s a s p a c e o f p ro p a ga t i o n , o f e ffe c t s. It c o n ta i n s n o ma tte r o r ma te r i a l p o i n t s, ra t h e r fu n c t io n s, ve n to r s and s p e e d s. It d e s c r ib l es l o c a l re l a t i o n s o f d i ffe re n c e w it hin fie ld s o f c e l e r i t y, t ran s m i s s i o n o r c a re e ri ng p o i n t s, i n a wo rd , wh a t M in kow s k i c a l l e d t h e wo r l dâ&#x20AC;?. - San ford K wi n te r

fields

M ix t ure s m e rg e c o m p o n e n t s wh i l e ma in ta in i ng i d e n t i t y o f e a c h i ng re d i e n t . Pa ra l l e l to a c o l l a g e , t h e wh o l e i s s imp l y t he s u m o f i t s p a r t s. Tran s l a te d a rc hite c t u ra l l y, s p a c e s a re fa c i l i a te d t hrough ci rc u l a t i o n . A ma s h is t h e b l e nd o f p a r t s wh o s e in te ra c t io n g e n e ra te s an o p e ra t i ve s ys te m b eyo nd i t s a d d i t i o n . In s p a t i a l o rganiz a t i o n , c o nd i t i o n s o f ma s h i ng o c c u r a t m o m e n t s o f ove r l a p and a re fa c il ia te d by t h i s i n te r s t i c e .

MIX VERSUS MASH

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Whe n s p ec i fi c i t y i s l e f t to t h e “ eve n t”, ge n e r ic s p a c e s a re c o n s t r u c te d . De p e nd en c e o n a s i ng u l a r m o t i ve a void s t h e re a l i t y o f c o m p l e xi t y. Thu s, u n ifor m s o l u t i o n s y i e l d u n re s p o n s i ve e p he me ra l e nv i ro n m e n t s. Th e e xc l u s i o n o r p e r ha p s i g n o ran c e o f e xi s t i ng s ys te ms el i m i n a te s i n ev i ta b l y mu s t b e re p l a c e d .

GENERIC AND THE EVENT

2 1 st c e n t u r y m u s e u m SANA A Kan a z awa , Ja p an

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

The e c o l o g y o f a rc h i te c t u ra l s ys te ms pre s e n t s a d i ve r s i fi e d s e t o f re l a t ion s h i p s. O p p o r t u n i t i e s fo r e x c hange a re fa c i l i a te d by a rc h i te c t u ra l in te r ve n t i o n s. â&#x20AC;&#x153;F ie l d c o nd i t i o n s re fe r s to d e s i g n s t ra te gie s b a s e d o n t h e a g g re g a t i o n o f s ma l l , s e l f - s i m i l a r p a r t s to c re a te l o c a l d iffe re nc es wh i l e ma i n ta i n i ng ove ra l l c o he re nce ; fi e l d c o nd i t i o n s i m p l i e s t h e d e s ign o f s y s te m s and a s s e m b l a g e s, p a ying c l o s e a tte n t i o n to i n te r va l s and t he s p a ce s b e t we e n t h i ng s.â&#x20AC;&#x153; - S TA N A L L E N

mom e nts of e xchange

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

CONNECTIVITY

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

C I T Y O F C U LT U R E Pe te r E i s e n man S an ti a go de Co mpo s te la , S pa i n

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

The s e a m l e s s n e s s o f c o h e re n c e b e g s for c o n t inu i t y. W h e t h e r a p p l i e d b e t we n t he l and s c a p e and b u i l d i ng o r b u i l d i ng and it s c o m p o n e n t s, c o n t i nu i t y c an b e a d d re s s e d a t a va r i e t y o f s c a l e s. N o te : c o n t inuity i s n o t e q u a l to u n i fo r m i t y

CONTINUITY

Cont inu it y i s a l s o re l evan t to t i m e . O p p o s e d o t t h e f ra g m e n ta t i o n o f s p a t ia l e x p e r i e n c e s, c o n t i nu i t y a l l ows a c ons tan t e x p e r i e n c e fl u c t u a t i ng i n in te n s it ies, n o t d u ra t i o n . Th i s p ro d u c e s t he s e e m i ng e xp an s i o n o f t i m e in fl u e n c ing t h e re g i s t ra t i o n o f m e m o r y.

C O N S TA N T

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Sup e r impo s e d l a ye r s o f v i s u a l in for ma t io n re s u l t i n wh a t a r t i s t M o h o l y N a gy c a l l s t h i c ke n i ng. Th i c ke n i ng imp l ie s b o t h an i n c re a s e i n d e p t h and a r t ic ul a t i o n o f s p a c e . A c c o rd i ng to Eve B l a u 7, t h e v i s u a l i n te n s i fi c a t i o n a l s o e x p and s t i m e , s u p p o r t i ng t h e n e c e s s i t y to e nga g e wi t h t h e a m i g u i t y i e s o f s e ns o r y in fo r ma t i o n .

L AY E R E D T H IC K E N I N G

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

superimposition

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Va r ia t io n s a g g re g a te d i n a l i n e a r p a tte r n c an b e p e rc e i ve d a s a mo r p hing fo r m . O n t h e o t h e r hand , w h e n re f ra c t i o n o c c u r s i n a n o n l in e a r man n e r, n ew f ra c ta l p a tte r n s e me rge c re a t i ng u n fo re s e e n s y s te m s. R e fra c t ion s c an re c u r d e p e nd e n t o n e s ta b l is hed va r i a b l e c o n s t ra i n t s.

RE FR ACTION

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

ENTS

CONTINUITY

CURATION, INVISIBILITY

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

I nvis ib il it y i s t h e an t i - s p e c ta c l e . It a l l ow s p erc e p t i o n to b e d e c i p h e re d t hrough exp e r i e n c e ra t h e r t h an pu re l y vis u a l inter p re ta t i o n . O p t i c a l re fe re n c e s e l imin a te t h e p re s u m p t i o n o f s p a c e and a l l ow fo r m ove m e n t to fa c i l i ta te an u nd e r s tand i ng o f s p a t i a l re l a t i o n s h i p s.

INVISIBILITY

I L L E G I B L E D E F O R M AT I O N S

CU R ATIN G M E D IA T I O N CENTER FOR CONTEMPOR ARY CONFLICT Conc e p t s of p e r me a t ing b ound ar i e s can b e t rans l a te d me ta p ho r ic a l l y to t he c hos e n t yp o l o gy. A Ce nter for Conte mp ora r y Confl ic t p ro mo te s continu it y o f t ime and c onne c t i v i t y. It w i ll b e c omp os e d of 3 c omp one n t s : a muse um, me mo r ia l and d ia l o g c en te r.

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

KOREAN DMZ

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

MUSEUM ar tifact p ast m e m ori a l

MEMORIAL

me mo r y p re s e nt re fl e c t io n

CENTER

dialog f u t u re c o nve r s e

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

A mus e u m c h a l l e ng e s t h e s ta t i c c u ra t io n o f o b j e c t s i n to a fi e l d o f c irc u l a t io n and u nd i ffe re n t i a te d p ro gra ming. A me mori a l , a l t h o u g h re p re s e n ta t i ve o f a s p e ci fi c m o m e n t i n t i m e , o ffe r s an e x p e r ie nti a l fi e l d wh i l e c o m m e m o ra t i ng s p e c ific ind i v i d u a l s. A hu b, w ill s e r ve a s a g a t h e r i ng p l a c e for p e o p l e a c ro s s g e o g ra p h i c a l b o u nd a r i e s to p e r p e t u a te c o n te mp o ra r y c o nve r s a t i o n s o n c o n fl i c t .

PROGRAM

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

N e l s o n at k i n s m u s e u m o f a r t S teve n H o ll Kan s a s Ci ty, Mi s s o u ri , U S A

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Librar y Leve l

E ve n t Ro o m S c u lptu re G a rde n Museum Store

Connecti o n

Lo b by

E xh i b i ts

MUSEUM

A museum challenge s t he s ta t ic c uration of ob j ect s into a fie l d o f c irc ul a t i on and undiffe re nt ia te d p rog rami ng.

C IR C U L A T IO N

Th is museum i s ab le to s uc c e s s ful l y m e rg e landsca pe and fo r m. Al t ho u gh sy nth et i c, landsca pe fa c il ita te s a c ontinuous fi eld of circ u l a t io n t hro u gh th e bui ldi ng.

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

P E N TA G O N M E M O R I A L KBAS S tu di o Arli ngto n ,Vi rgi n i a

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

MEMORIAL

E ngra vi ng

BENCH D E TA I L

Re fle c ti o n Po o l

Li gh ti ng

A m e mori al, alt hough re p re s e nta t i ve of a speci fi c momen t in t ime , offe r s an e xpe ri ent i a l fi eld w hi l e c omme mora t ing sp e c ifi c i ndi vi duals. Sp e c ific it y is e m be ded i n t he fi eld of p a r t ic ul a r g e stures.

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

BERLIN MEMORIAL Pe te r E i s e n man Be rli n , G e rmany

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

memorial

SE CT I ON a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

SCOTTIS H PAR LI AM E NT E n ri c Mi ra lle s E di n b u rgh , U K

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

DI ALOG CE NTE R

Queensbur y House

Can n o nga te Bu i ldi ng P re s s Towe r

Lobby

De b a te Ch a mb e r

MSP Building

A hub, w i ll ser ve a s a ga t he r ing p l a c e for pe ople across ge o gra p hic a l boundari es to perpet u a te c onte mporar y conver s a t ions on c o n fl ic t . Th e S cott i sh Pa rli ame n t p rovid e s an e xam ple w here t he cu ra t io n of p a r t s is fac ili a ted t hrough a s e a ml e s s app roach to landsca p e and c irc u l a t io n .

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

NORDIC EMBASSY De nma r k - 3 X N , Iceland - PK Hönun, Nor way - Snøhetta, S we de n - Wi ngå rdh Arki te k tko n to r, Fi n land - Vi i va Arkki te h tu u ri O y Be rli n , G e rmany

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

nordic shared embassy

C ar rie d t hrough t he d ip l o ma t ic mis s ion of th e Nordi c Count rie s, t he e mb a s s y e pitomi zes t he share d unit y of d is t inc t l y unique par t s. Compr is e d o f 5 c o u n t ie s [ De nma rk, Iceland, No r wa y, Swe d e n and Finl and. ], 6 bui ldi ngs and 6 a rc hite c t te am s.

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

The c hos e n s i te p re s e n t s i d e a l c o nd it io n s d i s s o l v i ng t h e d e ma rc a t i o n o f a rc hite c t u re . Th e c l i ff s a t L a Jo l l a p rovid e an u n i n te r r u p te d s c a p e o f c ont inu i t y, wh i c h t h e p ro p o s e d t yp ol ogy wi l l m i x wi t h . O t h e r i n h e re n t q u a l it ie s o f t h e s i te s u c h a s fo g and e ro s ion p rov i d e p ro c e s s e s o n t h e s i te o c c u r r ing ove r t i m e , wh i c h man i pu l a te p e rc e p t io n .

lA JOLLA CLIFFS

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

SCALE

B A

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

SITE PLAN

x y

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Cons t ra in t s o f t h e s i te a re t re a te d a s o p p o r t un i t i e s, wo r k i ng wi t h s p e c i fi c i t i e s and d e mand s o f t h e s i te . B y a c c e p t i ng t he re a l it y o f u n p re d i c ta b i l i t y and c o mp l e x i t y, n ew s y s te m s a re p ro d u c e d .

Site d a t u m s, t h re s h o l d s and p ro c e s s e s a re id e nti fi e d fo rc e s a ffe c t i ng t h e man ipul at i o n o f s p e c i fi c i t y i n t h e fi e l d o f l and s c a p e .

CONSTRAINTS

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

p o s i t i ve

n e g a t i ve

XY plan

p ro j e

conceal

Yz section

c e nte r

a c t i ve

mu s e um me mo r ia l

p a s s i ve

x z e l e vat io n 90

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

topo da t um

EF F ECT S : (in)visibility geometr y [mod ifi e d by fo g ]

slope dat um

EF F ECT S : s t r u c t u re c i rc u l a t i o n [mod ifi e d by e ro s i o n ]

pla teau da t um

hori zon t hreshold a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

EF F ECT S : p ro g ra m i n t i ma c y

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Jus t a s c o n fl i c t b e h a ve s, t h e te m p o ra l c o nd it io n s o n t h i s s i te o c c u r a t a va r ie t y of s p e e d s and i n te n s i t i e s. ER O SI O N - a s l owe r p a c e d p ro c e s s, reve a l s l a ye r s ove r t i m e F O G - s uch c o nd i t i o n s a s s i s t i n o b s c ur ing v i s i b i l i t y, te m p o ra r i l y o b s c ur ing fo r m and o p t i c a l d e p e nd e n c e WI N D - var i e s c o n s i s te n t l y and h a s t h e p o te n t ia l to i n te ra c t wi t h a rc h i te c t u ra l e l e me n t s s u c h a s b u i l d i ng s k i n

TEMPOR AL CONDITIONS

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

The b u il d i ng to l and s c a p e re l a t i o n s h i p is me d ia te d by a g e s t u re towa rd s c l i ff c o nd it io n . Th i s fo r ma l g e o m e t r y e x te nd s a c ont inu i t y o f b o t h c i rc u l a t i o n and for m b e t we e n l and s c a p e and b u i l d i ng.

n e g ot i at i o n

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

pure landsca pe

ILLEGIBLE

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

LEGIBLE

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

LEGIBLE

ILLEGIBLE

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

RE DUCTION top dow n approach

O R G A N I Z AT I O N

-output i s b a sed on r igid se t of order

AG G REGA TE bottom up approach sum = whole M ODUL A R

S ATURA TIO N -var ie ty of par t s [ d iffe rence i n degree ] -satura t i on densi t y [ d iffe rence i n ki nd] al l ows for gra di ent s

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

TOP V IE W

100

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

101

102

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

103

ENTRY LEVEL

104

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

105

106

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

107

108

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

109

110

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

111

112

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

113

114

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

115

116

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

117

118

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

119

s t r u ct u r a l l ay e r s

120

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

Core

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

121

The re l a t ions hip b e t we e n p a r t s o f di ffere n t ia te d p rogra mma t ic d e mand s i s me d ia te d by c irc u l a t io n . M o me n t s of confl ue nc e a re s a t u ra te d a re as o f i nten s it ie s w he re il l e gib l e eve n t s ma y occur.

n e g ot i at i o n

122

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

p ro g ra m dialog mu s e u m memor y

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

123

C I R C U L AT I O N

loop

b ran c h

124

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

125

1 .0 t y p e:

B I F U R C AT I O N

l o c a t i o n: a t e n t r y p ro g ra ma t i c s e p a ra t i o n o f mu s e u m and d i a l o g s p a t i a l re q u i re m e n t: s p a t i a l d i ve rg e n c e b o t h h o r i zo n ta l l y and ve r t i c a l l y s t ra te g y: v i s u a l a b s o r p t i o n to i n a c c e s s i b l e p a r t s a p p l i c a t i o n: ma te r i a l i t y, s p a t i a l l a ye r i ng and s ta g g e r i ng a ffe c t: s e e m i ng o b l i q u e e x p an s i o n o f s p a c e

126

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

1.0

p ro g ra m dialog mu s e u m memor y

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

127

2.0 t y p e:

TA N G E N T

l o c a t i o n: c o n fl u e n c e o f mu s e u m and m e m o r i a l s p a t i a l re q u i re m e n t: t wo s p a c e s o r i g i n a t i ng f ro m s e p a ra te p o i n t s m e e t c re a t i ng c o n t i g u o u s fo r m s s t ra te g y: a l te r d i re c t i o n a l i t y and o b s c u re i n te r i o r and e x te r i o r e l e m e n t s a p p l i c a t i o n: s t r i a t i o n s, re s i d u a l fo r m s a ffe c t: o b s c u re d i re c t i o n a l i t y

128

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

2.0

p ro g ra m dialog mu s e u m memor y

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

129

3.0 t y p e:

inte rsection

l o c a t i o n: j u n c t u re o f d i a l o g c e n te r and memorial s p a t i a l re q u i re m e n t: c o l l i s i o n o f fo r m s and spaces s t ra te g y: te c to n i c man i pu l a t i o n , g e o m e t r i c addition a p p l i c a t i o n: a p e r t u re , ma te r i a l i t y a ffe c t: e xa g g e ra t i o n o f tang e n t

130

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

3.0

p ro g ra m dialog mu s e u m memor y

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

131

132

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

133

134

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

135

section 1

136

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

137

138

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

139

section 2

140

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

141

142

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

a p p l i e d c u r at i o n

143

BI BLIOGR APH Y

146

D I S S O L U T I O N O F STAT I C D E M A R C AT I O N

1 .Arie ly, Dan. P redi cta b l y I r ra t iona l : Th e Hidden Forces t h a t Sha p e o u r De c isions. New York: H a r p e r Pe re n n ia l , 2 010 . P ri nt .

8 . Ko o l haa s, R e m .“ Ju n k s p a c e”. O b s ol e s c e n c e 10 0 ( 2 0 0 2 ) : 17 5 - 19 0 . P r int . 9 . M a l a m e d , C o n n i e .Vi s u a l L ang u a g e

2 . Bl au , Eve.“ The Thi rd P roje c t”. I n Ol afur Eli a sson:You r Chan c e E nc ou nter. Concept by O l a fu r El ia s s on, And re as Koch, and C a rol ine Egge l . E xh ibiti on ca ta logue . B a d e n: La r s M ül l e r P ub li shers; Kan a z a wa : 21 s t C e ntur y Museum of Co n te mp o ra r y Ar t , 2 010 : no pa ge numb e r s. 3 . Bots man, Ra chel and R oo R oge r s. Wh at’s Mi ne i s Yours. N ew Yor k : H a r p e r Business, 2010. P ri nt . 4 . Ch oi , Est her and M a r r ik ka Tro tte r. Arc h itect ure a t t he Ed ge o f Eve r yt hing E l se . Ca mb ri dge:The M I T Press, 2010. P ri nt . 5 . Chung, Judy, J effrey I na b a , R e m Kool h a a s, and Sze Tsu ng Le ong.The Har vard Desi gn Scho o l Guid e to S h op pi ng. Camb ri dge :Ta s c he n, 2 0 0 2 . Print. 6 . E xner, Ulri ch and Di e t r ic h P re s s e l . Basic s: Spat i al Desi gn . N ew Yor k : Bir k h auser A rchi tect u re , 2 0 0 9 . P r int . 7 . K l ingmann, A nna . B rand s c a p e s : Arc h itect ure i n t he ex p e r ie n c e e c onomy. Camb ri dge :The M I T P re s s, 2 0 0 7 . Pri nt .

BIBLIOGRAPHY

for De s ig n e r s : Pr i n c i p l e s fo r c re a t i ng gra p hics t h a t p e o p l e u nd e r s tand . B eve r l y: R o c k p o r t Pu b l i s h e r s, 2 0 0 9 . Pr i n t . 10 . M o u s s a v i , Fa r s h i d . F u n c t i o n o f For m. C a m b r i d g e . A c ta r and H a r va rd Gra d uate S c h o o l o f D e s i g n . 2 0 0 9 . Pr i n t . 11 . P ine II, Jo s e p h and Ja m e s H . Gil more.“ We l c o m e to t h e e x p e r i e n c e e c o n o my.” H a r va rd B u s i n e s s R ev i ew 9 8 4 0 7 (19 9 8 ) : 9 7 - 10 5 . Pr i n t . 12 . R o s a, Jo s e p h and Zo e R yan . H yp e r l in k s. N ew H a ve n :Ya l e U n i ve r s i t y P re s s, 2 011 . Pr i n t . 13 . Sa d l e r, S i m o n .Th e S i t u a t i o n i s t C i t y. Ca mb r idg e :Th e M IT Pre s s, 19 9 9 . Pr i n t . 14 .Sa u nd e r s, Wi l l i a m . C o m m o d i fi c a t i o n and Sp e c ta c l e i n A rc h i te c t u re : H a r va rd De s ign ma g a zi n e re a d e r. M i n n e a p o l i s : Un i ve r s ity o f M i n n e s o ta Pre s s, 2 0 0 5 . P r int . 15 . R e is e r, Je s s e . A l ta s o f N ove l Te c to n ic s. Pr i n c e to n . Th e Pr i n c e to n P re s s, 2 0 0 6 . Pr i n t . 16 . R owe , C o l i n and R o b e r t S l u t zky. “Tran s p are n c y : L i te ra l and Ph e n o m e n a l”. Pe r s p e c ta 8 ( 19 6 3 ) : 4 5 - 5 4 . Pr i n t .

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Fie l d Condi t i on â&#x20AC;&#x153;Fie l d condi t i ons refe r s to d e s ign strate gi es ba sed on t he a ggre ga t ion of small, self-si mi lar p a r t s to c re a te l oc al di fferences w hi l e ma inta ining

I l l e gib il i t y il l e gib il it y m e d i a te s re l a t i o n s h i p s o f s p a c e t h ro u g h o b s c u re c o n n e c t i o n s. The us e o f a m b i g u o u s s y s te m s a l l ows for o p p o r t u n i t i e s o f u n e x p e c te d

ove ral l coherence; fi el d c ond it ions im p l ie s t he desi gn of s ys te ms and asse mblages, payi ng c l os e a tte n t io n to inter va ls and t he s p a c e s b e t we e n th ing s.â&#x20AC;&#x153; -STA N A LLEN

s y ne rgie s to p e rc o l a te d i s t i n c t o rd e r.

Fl uid Transparenc y A c ategor y of t ransp a re nc y t ha t ta ke s sh ape due to i t s surro u nd ings, o r var iable forces. Hyp e ract i ve Pe opl e are more a re in te ra c t i ve , e nc oura gi ng connec t i vit y and s ha re d re sources. Hyp e rcult ure S oc ie tyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s t rend toward s a mp l ifie d re l ationshi ps. Hyp e rdi mensi onal Th e c apa ci t y for a rchite c t u re to adapt and t ransform ove r t ime , assumi ng changes i n s iz e , s c a l e , for m and appearance de p e nd ing on sp e c ifi c si t ua t i ons and n e e d s o f t he c onte mporar y soci ety.

Le gib il ity l e gib il it y d e l i ve r s d i re c t i n te r p re ta t i o n s o f s p a t ia l re l a t i o n s h i p s. Th e o p t i c a l e ffe c t s are pu re l y re p re s e n ta t i o n a l . Lite ra l Tran s p a re n c y R e l a t ion s h i p s b e t we e n p a r t s c an b e me di a te d i n a va r i e t y o f wa y s. Tran s p a re n c y i n a l i te ra l s e n s e i s t h e mo s t d ire c t m e an s to an e l u s i ve e d g e . Vis ua l p e n e t ra t i o n i n s tan t l y o p e n s a d ia l o g be t we e n s p a c e s. P he n o m e n a l Tran s p a re n c y P he n o m e n a l t ran s p a re n c y a d d re s s e s t he t wo- d i m e n s i o n a l re a d i ng o f vol ume tr i c s p a c e . Pre m i s e d by t h e vis u a l l aye r i ng man i fe s te d i n C u b i s t p a in t ing, p h e n o m e n a l t ran s p a re n c y a l l ow s v i ewe r s to e a s i l y a p p re h e nd d e p t h and g e o m e t r y.

Hyp e r s oci a l N e t wo rks of cross-di s c ip l ina r y c ol l ab orat i ve a pproac he s t ha t in s p ire sh aring and par t i ci p a tor y e ffo r t s to ac h ieve context ually re s p ons i ve re s u l t s.

G LO S S A R Y O F T E R M S

149

NOT ES

150

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1 . Re is er, J esse. A ltas of N ove l Te c tonic s. 2 . Re is er, J esse. A ltas of N ove l Te c tonic s. Pag e 20 Ima ge: < htt p ://w w w.ma t hia s d e sig n. i nfo/Ma ya -Fo r m-Fa mil ie s _ Biom orphi c-A rchi tectura l -Su r fa c e > Pag e 21 Ima ge: < http ://w w w.b o s ton. c om / new s/pa ckages /u nd e ra tta c k / g al l e r ies/wt c_scenes /4 .ht m > 3 . Rosa, Joseph and Z oe R yan . Hyp e r l i nks. Pag e 36 Ima ge: Rei se r, J e s s e . Al ta s o f N ove l Tectoni cs. 4 . Re is er, J esse. A ltas of N ove l Te c tonic s. 5 . Rowe, Coli n and Ro b e r t Sl ut z ky. “Transpa renc y: Li tera l and P he n o me n a l”. 6 . Rowe, Coli n and Ro b e r t Sl ut z ky. “Transpa renc y: Li tera l and P he n o me n a l”. Pag e 50 Ima ge: < htt p :// l e bbe u swoods. wordp re s s. c om / 2011/01/27/sotir io s -kotoul a s e m ission-archi tect ure / > 7 . Bl au, Eve.“ The Thi rd P ro je c t”.

N OT E S

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L A U REN PA SIO N

B. A rc h ( 8 08 ) 4 9 9 - 7 3 31 L a u re n Pa s i o n @ G ma i l . c o m