Science Park as an urban community: Work/Live units in Lindholmen by Laurynas Savickas

Science Park as an urban community: Work/Live units in Lindholmen LAURYNAS SAVICKAS Supervisor: Professor Ana Betancour

Department of Architecture CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Gothenburg, Sweden 2011 Report of Master Thesis

REPORT OF MASTER THESIS

Science Park as an urban community: Work/Live units in Lindholmen LAURYNAS SAVICKAS Supervisor: Professor Ana Betancour

Department of Architecture CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden 2011

Science park as an urban community: Work/Live units in Lindholmen

ÂŠ LAURYNAS SAVICKAS, 2011 Report of Master Thesis Department of Architecture Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 GĂśteborg Sweden Telephone + 46 (0)31-772 1000

Cover: Panorama view of the Lindholmen Science park.

Laurynas Savickas Gothenburg, Sweden 2011

CONTENT

1. Abstract

2. Research

2.1 Science Park

2.2 Gothenburg

2.3 Site (Lindholmen Science Park)

2.4 Actors

3. Programming strategies

3.1 Scenarios

3.2 Incubator for flooding and metabolic systems

3.3 Work/Live units and industry involvement

4. Design

5.1 Site

5.2 Unit building

5. Bibliography

1. ABSTRACT

hile Gothenburg is creating identity of Event City the established international industries in the city are receding. Lindholmen Science Park is the place where ship builders and car producers that made the city popular and supported the economy for a long time could shift into new productions and Science Park could test new platform for locally inhabited entrepreneurs. Would Work/Live Units make the difference here? Science Park phenomenon occurred in the 50’s and is still spreading in Europe as well as worldwide. It grows into urban pattern very often when it finds its support in academy, community and business promoting not only new technologies but also enabling entrepreneurs settle new businesses, increase economy as well as common wealth. Lindholmen Science Park in Gothenburg is the platform for this thesis reaching to explore its urban complexity and relationship with the city itself. After receding industries of shipyards this harbour-city gave way for new opportunities and undergone major harbour-city-like revival. With Lindholmen Science Park and its specific relation with Gothenburg there are still many opportunities to be found.

Relatively big area of the Park located on riverbank is though homogenous and used mainly during the working hours with its 16,000 visitors each day. While other parts of abandoned shipyards have been converted to attractive and versatile residential areas, Lindholmen Science Park is almost uninhabited. Even more –Volvo, the important actor in the Park, has reduced the personnel twice and ship builders are only repairing some vessels. Could they contribute with their expertise to house building technologies? Work/Live Unit concept is attractive because of enabling individuals to establish new businesses. This could revive the area in question and its local community. The concept of Work/Live Unit’s complex could solve two issues: inhabit new people in the area and create new workplaces, as well as involve local industries such as car producers and ship builders into house building and innovative design. What is more, implementing the concept of Work/Live Unit would strengthen the link between the river and the city. Another type of residents with new ideas for business and idea of local industries testing new building technologies – wouldn’t it support the identity of Gothenburg?

Keywords: Science Park, Work/Live Unit, Industry, Riverbank, Intensification, Lindholmen.

2. RESEARCH

2.1 SCIENCE PARKS

oday, there are over 400 science parks worldwide and their number is still growing. At the top of the list comes the USA, which is reported to have more than 150 science parks. Japan comes next with 111 science parks. China began developing science parks in the mid-1980s and now has around 100, 52 of which were approved by the national government and the remainder by local governments.

(01) Silicon Valley (USA) was a pioneer in the development of science parks in the world. Originally known as Stanford University Science Park, Silicon Valley dates back to the early 1950s. (02) It was followed by Sophia Antipolis (France) in Europe in the 1960s GDP (PPP) PER CAPITA (2008)

HDI (Human development index) (2008) IMF estimates (international dollars)

50,000+ 30,000 10,000 1,000

0.950 and over

0.700 - 0.749

0.450 - 0.499

0.900 - 0.949

0.650 - 0.699

0.400 - 0.449

0.850 - 0.899

0.600 - 0.649

0.350 - 0.399

0.800 - 0.849

0.550 - 0.599

under - 0.350

0.750 - 0.799

0.500 - 0.549

not available

(03) (Japan) established in Asia in the early 1970s. This trio represents the oldest and the most well-known science parks in the world.

NORTH AMERICA 91

EUROPE 222

#3 CHINA >100

(02)

#1 USA >150

ASIA 130

#2 JAPAN >111

(03)

(01)

MIDDLE EAST 13

AFRICA 10 SOUTH AMERICA 6 AUSTRALIA 10

Internationally acclaimed science parks

WAINOVA global science parks network

n Sweden alone there are 27 science parks competing in international level. Additionally, there are 21 business incubators helping entrepreneurs to establish in the market. All these existing structures or hubs comprise of various interest groups and companies that take part in the whole stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy and creates a complex social network. It is important to know and understand how they work and develop together, and what their architectural and urban expressions are. Do they matter in the development of the cities and communities?

31000 employees

23 employees

9000 employees

Sweden is a world leader in developing entrepreneurial companies in the (CLEANTECH) space.

AURORUM SCIENCE PARK SOLANDER SCIENCE PARK

ENVIRONMENT + ENERGY

Cleantech Geografic Information System Cleantech & Biosphere Life Science Environmental Technology Biorefinery Biofuel Climate Energy & Power Technology Energy Technology & Environmental Engineering The Forest Value Chain & Fibre Network

MEDIA + IT

Modern Media & Design Mobile Internet Information & Communication Technology Applied IT Telecom Industrial IT Industrial IT & Digital Services Imaging Visualisation Printed Electronics Audio visual technology

HEALTHCARE

Health Food Human Resource Pharmaceuticals Biotech/Medtech Medical Technology Technology for Elderly Care

MATERIALS

Steel Products Liquid Crystals Smart Textiles Materials Technology

TRANSPORT

Transport & Communications Intelligent Vehicle & Transport Systems Automotive Safety

SERVICES + OTHER

Radio Frequency Measurment Interactive TV Arena Embedded Systems Wireless Applications Mobile Services Interactive Services Service Production

SOFTWARE + HARDWARE

Software Development Serious Games & Entertainment Games Production Engineering Industrial Automation

UMINOVA INNOVATION

SWEDEN 27/+21 BUSSINES INCUBATORS ÅKROKEN SCIENCE PARK

FAXEPARK SANDBACKA PARK GÄVLE TECHNONOLGY PARK BORLÄNGE SCIENCE PARK KISTA SCIENCE CITY KAROLINSKA SCIENCE PARK MUNKTELL SCIENCE PARK VÄSTERÅS SCIENCE PARK NORRKÖPING SCIENCE PARK GOTHIA SCIENCE PARK MJÄRDEVI SCIENCE PARK INNOVATUM TECHNOLOGY PARK SCIENCE PARK JÖNKÖPING ESPIRA SCIENCE PARK LINDHOLMEN SCIENCE PARK SAHLGRENSKA SCIENCE PARK VIDEUM SCIENCE PARK KALMAR SCIENCE PARK SCIENCE PARK HALMSTAD TELECOMCITY KRINOVA SCIENCE PARK IDEON SCIENCE PARK MEDEON SCIENCE PARK

Number of science parks

science parks (SiSP group) amount of employees

othenburgâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s greatest Science Park is Lindholmen Science Park in size ranking after Sahlgrenska and Chalmers Science Park. It focuses on: 1) mobile Internet, 2) modern media and design, 3) intelligent vehicle and transport design. There are many famous companies like Volvo and Ericsson that collaborate with academy and public. Each day the area attracts more than 18 000 people to study and work. Here new ideas from universities through entrepreneurs and technology companies are coming to enrich and develop our everyday life.

CAR PARKING

INVESTMENTS PRODUCTION

INNOVATIONS

WEALTH

SCIENCE EDUCATION

BACKA THEATER

LIBRARY

CAMP

Lindholmen

Leaders in environmental performance Environmental Performance Index, 2008 Switzerland Sweden Norway Finland Canada Japan US South Korea China India

The index ranks 149 countries on 25 environment indicators, identifying performance targets and measuring how close each country comes to these goals [Source: Yale University and Columbia University in collaboration with World Economic Forum and Joint Research Centre of the European Commission]

CHALMERS

NAVET

EPSILON

Science Park

FERRY STATION

ERICSSON

95.5 93.1 93.1 91.4 86.6 84.5 81.0 79.4 65.1 60.3

2. RESEARCH

2.2 GOTHENBURG

Lindholmen Science Park

City centre

Chalmers innovation

Chalmers science park Sahlgrenska science park

URBAN FUNCTIONS [Riverbank development]

TINGSTADSVASSEN

u nd r ou rb ee Fr

ic Er

-1

5 g 96-0

e a

Housin

al in rm n te s io st es tat k s Po isn ic Bu ain st ip Tr

-1

in g

s ou H ry

ne fi

ANNEDAL

SANDARNA

¹ Group consisted of Linnea Hedlung, Johanna Dunseath, Caroline Valen, Maja Ivarsson and Laurynas Savickas

2008

LORENSBERG

VASASTADEN

1966

1933

1923

HAGA

1921

ies

1890

1872

1860

OLIVEDAL

1820

err e f

1790

Lin

rb MAJORNA

MASTHUGGET

HEDEN

PUSTERVIK

2008

GÅRDA

1966

STAMPEN

1933

1923

1921

1890

1872

1860

INOM VALLGRAVEN

Fe GRÅBERGET

1820

GULLBERGSVASS

ERIKSBERG

FÄRJESTADEN

1790

Ste

PÖLSEBO

HULTMANS HOLME

NORDSTADEN

LINDHOLMEN

SANNEGÅRDEN

ÖSTREGÅRD

OLSKROKEN

BRÄMAREGÅRDEN

RAMBERGSSTADEN

KYRKBYN

KVILLEBÄCKEN

LUNDBY

2008

HISTORICAL #2 [Riverbank development]

The “riverbank development” shows the changes of waterline along Gota, the main river in Gothenburg. It reveals changes from fortified city to shipping industry growth and decline to its present state where industrial riverbanks are reshaped in order to adopt more residential housing and public activities. Municipality’s owned Alvstranden Utveckling AB does the majority of development. Its plans are to increase the apartment amount by 25,000 and work opportunities by 65,000 in the area of 3,000 ha around central riverbanks by 2020.

HISTORICAL #1 [Riverbank development]

To find out relevant issues and understand this huge urban structure of the city, team of five students have made a study based on timescale and few basic topics presented in cartography and diagrams. Gothenburg group conducted research focused on Gothenburg’s past, present and future which revealed essential characteristics and features of the city. Five dimensions were explored: - Riverbank development - Climate change - Population and housing - Industry, trade and work opportunities - Infrastructure

eing the second largest and first by industry and student amount city in Sweden, Gothenburg takes a high role in the whole western part of the country. The identity and character of it could be well discovered through its rich history.

Te of k y r it Pa rs ce e e tr iv en ea Un Sci Th a rs n ck me lme Ba al o Ch ndh Li on

LANDALA STIGBERGET

JOHANNEBERG

HISTORY

TODAY

FUTURE

RIVERBANK DEVELOPME NT

CLIMATE C HANGE

POPULATIO N|HOUSING

INDUSTRY|TRADE|WORK OPPORTUNITIES

INFRASTRUCTURE

2020

300

FUTURE PLANS|IN NUMBERS 5000 [Riverbank development]

700 400

2020

FUTURE PLANS|MUNICIPALITY [Riverbank development]

>2500

1500

600

400 500

500

>2000

2008

URBAN STRUCTURE TODAY [Riverbank development]

300

2000

150 Municipality | Future Development Areas | x1000m2 ร lvstranden Utveckling AB | Development Areas | No. Appartments

Central Gรถteborg | Inner City Central Gรถteborg | Renewal Areas 25 000 Appartments & 65 000 Work Oppertunities

Intermediate City Outer Areas | Future Development Areas Large Scale Industry | The Port | Logistics Green Areas Coastal Areas | Archipelago

he “climate change” theme reveals climatic situation of the city including its geology. The ground of the region is a mixture of rock and clay but most of the riverbank developing areas are the plains of in-filled land. The climate predictions for global and local water level in worst case scenarios are threatening, especially in central areas close to the river in which great development plans are made with little regard to the flood. Low altitude of in-filled land areas is the most vulnerable in such climatic scenario cases.

GEOLOGY [Climate change]

rock clay infilled land other Älvstranden Utveckling AB Municipality Development Areas

“Population and housing” theme depicts trends in the city from 1950’s. Local population shifted from central to more suburb areas in 60’s and 70’s making the city grow in size, and after few decades it began to grow again with greater demands for housing which leads to municipal’s decision of intensifying and renewing central postindustrial areas.

RISK OF FLOODING [Climate change]

Area under threat from flooding at 12,7 meter (extreme weather]

HISTORY

TODAY

FUTURE

RIVERBANK DEVELOPME NT

CLIMATE C HANGE

POPULATIO N|HOUSING

INDUSTRY|TRADE|WORK OPPORTUNITIES

INFRASTRUCTURE

NEW PRODUCTION VS. OUTMIGRATION [Housing and population]

DEMAND AND SUPPLY [Housing and population]

heme of “industry, trade and work opportunities” indicates the major activities within the city of Gothenburg. From being the gateway to the world and leading port it turns into event city, supplying services and creating new leading businesses in biotechnical, media, IT and design technology sector.

TIMELINE-THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH SIDE OF THE RIVER [Work opportunities and trade] Götaverken, Lindholmen and Eriksberg

LINE TRAFFIC [Work opportunities and trade]

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE [Work opportunities and trade]

Volvo

Iron and wood Banana import North America

Europe

Nya Varvet Mediterranean sea East Asia South Asia

Central America Africa SKF

Herring fishery -fish oil, salted herring

Percent % 2005 1,67-3

Number of inhabitants

Ostindiska kompaniet -the, china and silk

Australia

Clothes Göta Älvbron Göta Kanal

1600 Defense and trade

1700

3-4

The development of housing

1800 Trade and shipping industry

1900

4-4,92

Harbour and ship buildning

4,92-6 6-8

Railway

Tingstadtunneln

Industry

Defens

2000

Roads, tunnels, airports

Destinations today Historical destinations

8-11,09

HISTORY

TODAY

FUTURE

RIVERBANK DEVELOPME NT

CLIMATE C HANGE

POPULATIO N|HOUSING

INDUSTRY|TRADE|WORK OPPORTUNITIES

INFRASTRUCTURE

WORK OPPORTUNITIES ALONG THE RIVER [Work opportunities and trade] Shopping

Movements

all

sca

le in

str

ial

are

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS [Work opportunities and trade]

Harbour

ess

are

sin

Housing and offices

Bu 20 cruises

Shopping 40 000 new work oppertunities

Industry areas today Fish market

n lio s mil ger 2.2 ssen pa

ea /y

Future development Event area It | media | design Biotechnics Strategical nodes Harbour Heavy industry | logistics

n the “infrastructure” layer of the city there are also great developments achieved and new extension plans proposed. Public transport is very elaborate and in such alternatives like tram, bus, train and ferry it covers the entire city with one major issue of connecting better with North side of the river. Bicycle paths and even new programmes for sustainable car transportation like electric car network offer variety of mobility. Although there are plans for train extension under the city and improving connectivity with suburbs, the public water use seem to be able to provide higher attention and development opportunities.

train bus tram ferry

PUBLIC TRANSPORT TODAY [Infrastructure]

(Västra Götaland inhabitants owned transport company) 80 km of double way tram rails 1600 vehicles 22,000 stops 240,000 km/day average travel distance equivalent 6 times around the world 500,000

HISTORY

TODAY

FUTURE

RIVERBANK DEVELOPME NT

CLIMATE C HANGE

POPULATIO N|HOUSING

INDUSTRY|TRADE|WORK OPPORTUNITIES

INFRASTRUCTURE

sta

g Tin .

PUBLIC TRANSPORT TODAY [Infrastructure]

g FUTURE PLANS FOR PUBLICBrantinTRANSPORT ar lm [Infrastructure] Hja Far routes

Short routes

tu el

Gö

Interchange stops

Gö

Public transport Far routes

Bicycle routes

sta

g Tin

Ferry routes

FUTURE PLANS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT [Infrastructure]

Interchange stops

3 km

1 km

Planned bridges

City Centre

Lindholmspiren

tra

g Gb

olm

Lin

n ire np SteCity Centre

1 km

2 km

3 km

n Ce

Train extension underground 2 km

atio

l st

on br

tu öta

Älv

Public transport Short routes

Lilla Bommen el

e n rke holm d Lin

Planned connections Slottsberget

Underground stations

Rosenlund

e rg to

ge or nt

Eriksberg

s Ma

l Götatunne

Jär

rk a Ky ga

yn en Av

Important nodes

2005

ron

orgsb

Outer areas with future potential for development

Älvsb

ron orgsb Älvsb

Klippan

Connection axis with own important nodes

äg

rsv

Good existing public transport to be improved

0,4 mln 0,5 mln 1,3 mln

2025

0,5 mln 0,9-1,0 mln 1,0-1,5 mln

tse

pla

né

Lin Foot/Bicycle Public transport Car

2. RESEARCH

2.3 SITE (LINDHOLMEN SCIENCE PARK)

orra Alvstranden (northern riverbank) is historically the part of the city where ship building industry and port were located. Across the river Gota, opposite to the city centre is now Lindholmen Science Park. Big scale of ship industry has receded and moved towards coast, where now is new modern logistic port. Big plans by local government were applied for North riverbank with variety of new programmes including residential area and Science Park development. However, the plans are still in a development level in most parts because of vast vacant industrial areas. A detailed study2 by city’s planning office was carried for Norra Alvstranden showing the history of the area.

The period after 1975 is marked with Oil Crisis which caused up to 20,000 jobs to disappear in Gothenburg alone. Swedeyard Corp. was established in order to cope with discontinued industry and new research project at Lindholmen was started. North riverbank is now entering the time of major changes.

The industrial breakthrough. The Swedish East India Company started.

1700 2

Oil and shipyard crises. The shipyards starts on Norra Älvstranden.

1800

18.000 shipyard workers in Gothenburg.

1900

Göteborg : City Planning Authority (Stadsbyggnadskontoret). (2001). Norra Älvstranden : the process, Norra Älvstranden utveckling AB.

The closing down of the shipyards began.

Research project started at Lindholmen.

st st st ssteps teps 1975 11st

The remaining shipyards focused on repair.

Götaverken area

60 MSEK granted to Projekt Lindholmen.

Last of three shipyards Eriksberg closed.

Lindholmen - 1rst ship yard to be closed.

1985 “Eriksberg 85” - new ideas for development.

New period of financial growth.

New assignment to start a general plan.

1990 Detailed studies of the “Norra Älvstrranden different areas. quality description”

The new general plan approved.

1995 Lindholmen knowledge centre.

Chalmers University of Technology at Lindholmen.

2000 The city of Gothenburg A new development new owner of Eriksbergs plan presented. Förvaltnings AB.

Crises in the Persian Gulf. Financial recession. “Good times” with financial growth.

New IT-cluster at Lindholmen harbour.

n the 1980s the early years of what is now known as Norra Alvstranden (North riverbank) began. With new period of financial growth ahead new plans were developed. In Eriksberg, previous shipyard area, residential and office buildings were proposed beginning with conversion of the oldest building in the area named "Sorhallen" into offices. In the Slottsberget area the residents were offered the opportunity to buy their homes and interest in the area picked up with its renovations. Education and research started to set the tone for business activities in Lindholmen where engineering department for upper secondary school was completed along municipal-owned project "Projekt Lindholmen".

The industrial breakthrough. The Swedish East India Company started.

1700

Oil and shipyard crises. The shipyards starts on Norra Ă&#x201E;lvstranden.

1800

18.000 shipyard workers in Gothenburg.

1900

The closing down of the shipyards began.

1975

Research project started at Lindholmen.

The remaining shipyards focused on repair.

New name-Lundbyvass

People owns rented houses in Slottsberget

Ofices and homes starts building up

The T he e he early ea arly arly rly years years 1985 yea 80 Th “Eriksberg 85” - new ideas for development.

New period of financial growth.

New assignment to start a general plan.

1990 Detailed studies of the “Norra Älvstrranden different areas. quality description”

The new general plan approved.

1995 Lindholmen knowledge centre.

Chalmers University of Technology at Lindholmen.

2000 The city of Gothenburg A new development new owner of Eriksbergs plan presented. Förvaltnings AB.

Crises in the Persian Gulf. Financial recession. “Good times” with financial growth.

New IT-cluster at Lindholmen harbour.

rom 1985 the entire area of northern riverbank began to be restructured by municipalityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s planning office. The structure plan was prepared after detailed studies of shipyard areas to accommodate new programmes for housing and business. Plans for knowledge centre in Lindholmen presented a concept in 1988. In collaboration with secondary schools and Projekt Lindholmen a link between industry and research was proposed.

The industrial breakthrough. The Swedish East India Company started.

1700

Oil and shipyard crises. The shipyards starts on Norra Ă&#x201E;lvstranden.

1800

18.000 shipyard workers in Gothenburg.

1900

The closing down of the shipyards began.

1975

Research project started at Lindholmen.

The remaining shipyards focused on repair.

Lindholmen - Knowledge Centre started

Structure plan for Norra Älvstranden

The 1st new residential sites

The T he ta ttake ake o ak off ff ff 1985 Th “Eriksberg 85” - new ideas for development.

New period of financial growth.

New assignment to start a general plan.

Detailed studies of the “Norra Älvstrranden different areas. quality description”

1990 The new general plan approved.

1995 Lindholmen knowledge centre.

Chalmers University of Technology at Lindholmen.

2000 The city of Gothenburg A new development new owner of Eriksbergs plan presented. Förvaltnings AB.

Crises in the Persian Gulf. Financial recession. “Good times” with financial growth.

New IT-cluster at Lindholmen harbour.

he maturation of north riverbank development began in the early 1990s. Ferry line was opened connecting the city centre with north riverbank, Chalmers University of Technology moved to Lindholmen contributing to the Knowledge Centre and new general plan for the riverbank was approved in spite of financial recession and Persian Gulf crisis.

The industrial breakthrough. The Swedish East India Company started.

1700

Oil and shipyard crises. The shipyards starts on Norra Ă&#x201E;lvstranden.

1800

18.000 shipyard workers in Gothenburg.

1900

The closing down of the shipyards began.

1975

Research project started at Lindholmen.

The remaining shipyards focused on repair.

Chalmers moves to Lindholmen

Architecture contest for western Eriksberg

Ferry traf c begins

Third generation housing vision for Norra Älvstranden

1985 “Eriksberg 85” - new ideas for development.

New period of financial growth.

New assignment to start a general plan.

Maturation M atu at turatio atio t on on 1990 Ma Detailed studies of the “Norra Älvstrranden different areas. quality description”

The new general plan approved.

Lindholmen knowledge centre.

1995 Chalmers University of Technology at Lindholmen.

2000 The city of Gothenburg A new development new owner of Eriksbergs plan presented. Förvaltnings AB.

Crises in the Persian Gulf. Financial recession. “Good times” with financial growth.

New IT-cluster at Lindholmen harbour.

he period from 1995 to 2000 was a new start for the area. Six new upper secondary schools were established in Lindholmen. What is more, Chalmers University of Technology decided on extension works towards creating new IT University in the area. Ericsson Mobile Data Design was the first company to enter Gothenburgâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s plan for major concentration of hi-tech centre joining Lindholmen Knowledge Centre. This led to the creation of Lindholmen Science Park in 1999.

The industrial breakthrough. The Swedish East India Company started.

1700

Oil and shipyard crises. The shipyards starts on Norra Ă&#x201E;lvstranden.

1800

18.000 shipyard workers in Gothenburg.

1900

The closing down of the shipyards began.

1975

Research project started at Lindholmen.

The remaining shipyards focused on repair.

Chalmers focus on building extension for new IT university

Municipality - owner of Norra Älvstranden

Six upper-secondary schools established

1985 “Eriksberg 85” - new ideas for development.

New period of financial growth.

New assignment to start a general plan.

Expansion of knowledge-intensive companies

1990 Detailed studies of the “Norra Älvstrranden different areas. quality description”

The new general plan approved.

The he restart ressta re ta tart 1995 The Lindholmen knowledge centre.

Chalmers University of Technology at Lindholmen.

The city of Gothenburg A new development new owner of Eriksbergs plan presented. Förvaltnings AB.

Crises in the Persian Gulf. Financial recession. “Good times” with financial growth.

2000 New IT-cluster at Lindholmen harbour.

fter the establishment of Lindholmen Science Park and major changes in whole northern riverbank post-industrial areas the shape and programme there remained more or less unchanged to this date. The site of LSP consists of vast, mostly in-filled land plain of roughly 70 ha which makes it equal in size for Old City area just opposite the river. A series of issues rise from comparison of these two areas since both of them are an important part of the whole city. The areas are quite different and in some cases opposite to each other but also complementary. However, this study shows that LSP has some urban issues, most of them because of the changes from ship building industry to IT technology, office and academic mode. Vicinity to city centre and scale of area allows many improvements towards intensification and densification.

LIND

HOLM

NAV

EN S CI PARK ENCE

BRUN

HIST

NSPA

ORIC

RKEN

CITY

CENT

34 EDUCATION BUSINESS INNOVATION WORK IT COMMUNICATION ACTIVE 8h/day 5 days/week

FRAGMENTATION > PROPERTIES & IDENTITIES

exeptionally NO LIVING APPARTMENTS exeptionally NO FREE TIME ACTIVITIES LOW DENSITY MIDDLE INTENSITY TO LITTLE DIVERSITY

G TIN EC NN G CO D TIN AN PRA OLD SE ESH R T

A T Ö

ENTERTAINMENT BUSINESS SHOPS WORK MEETING PLACE COMMUNICATION LIVING TOURISM ACTIVE 24h/day 7 days/week

HIGH DIVERSITY HIGH FREE TIME ACTIVITY HIGH DENSITY (comparatively) HIGH INTENSITY

35 HIGH DEMAND OF EXCHANGE REQUIRES MORE DEVELOPED CONNECTIONS OR HIGHER DIVERSITY WITHIN THE AREA

DUE TO WEAK PHYSICAL CONNECTION NEW BRIDGE IS PLANNED

BACK

Y D U T TO S RK O W O T

HOM

TO EN T TO W ERTAIN O TO M RK EET TO SH O TO TR P A TO G VEL A TO LIV IN SERVIC E E

IN TERTA TO EN WORK TO EE T TO M P O TO SH EL AV TO TR ICE ERV AIN S LIVE TO G TO

TO ST UDY TO W ORK

BACK H TO TH OME E CIT Y

2. RESEARCH

2.4 ACTORS

tudy of the actors including major buildings 3 list in the Lindholmen Science Park area show vast interest groups of three categories: academy, industry and business.

(01)

(02)

(03)

(04)

(05)

(06)

GÖTA

ÄRAN

SAGA

JUPITER

ÖMEN

ERICSSON

Address: Lärdomsgatan 5

Address: Diagonalen 6

Address: Hörselgången 4

Built: 1999-2000

Description: It is a small conference building on the pier.

Address: Lindholmspiren

Built: 1952

Built: 1945

Built: 1993-1994

Total floor area: 8,000 m²

Built: 2000-2002

Remodelled: 1990-1991

Remodelled: 1994-1998

Total floor area: 8,000 m²

Total floor area: 35,000 m²

Total floor area: 9,627 m²

Total floor area: 14,000 m²

Description: The building was the machine shop during the shipyard days, but now contains facilities for the Ester Mosesson upper-secondary school. The school specialises in food services, bakery and restaurant schooling. It has its own bakery and restaurant, which are open to the public.

Description: Another machine shop, which has been remodelled to one of the buildings of the Lindholmen upper-secondary school.

Description: Saga and Svea are the first two buildings that Chalmers Lindholmen moved into. They are also among the first new buildings erected in Lindholmen. Chalmers Lindholmen has its main offices here.

Description: The latest addition to Kunskapscentrum Lindholmen is the Jupiter building, which was built for Chalmers Lindholmen. This is also the place where the new IT university is taking shape.

Göteborg : City Planning Authority (Stadsbyggnadskontoret). (2000). Norra Älvstranden: the guide, Norra Älvstranden utveckling AB.

Description: At the end of the Lindholmen pier, in the heart of Gothenburg’s new IT centre, lies Ericsson Mobile Data Design AB’s office, with space for over 1,200 employees. The building’s facade consist of light colours and a lot of glass.

(03) (04) (01)(02)

(07)

(08)

SEMCON

SIGMA

Address: LundbyStrandskajen

Address: Lindholmspiren

Built: 2001

Built: 2001-2002

Total floor area: 14,000 mÂ˛

Total floor area: 10,000 mÂ˛

Description: Another company in the growing IT centre. The building lies opposite the Lindholmen pier.

Description: In the middle of the Lindholmen pier Sigma, another IT company working with mobile communication, will have an office.

(08) (06) (05)

(09) (11) (14) (10) (12) (07)

37 (13)

(09)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

CITADELLET

THE 141

TORNEN

Address: Anders Carlssons gata

Address: Regnbågsgatan 6

LUNDBYSTRANDSHALLEN

Address: Stjärngatan 10

TRÄVERKSTADEN & SÅGERIET

Address: Anders Carlssons gata 12

Built: 1945

Address: Anders Carlssons gata

Built: 1960

Built: 1954

Built: 1989-1990

Address: Bror Nilsson gata

Remodelled: 1988-1989

Remodelled: 1991-1992

Total floor area: 12,500 m²

Built: 1929

Built: 1949

Remodelled: 1999-2000

Description: The area’s first large new construction is situated between two remodelled shipyard buildings. The two seven-storey cubic office buildings are connected to Citadellet via a glassed-in walkway. Communications and common areas are located in a tower between the cubes.

Remodelled: 1992

Remodelled: 1994-1995

Total floor area: 10,000 m²

Total floor area: 6,840 m²

Total floor area: 14,000 m²

Description: During the shipyard era, these two buildings were the Woodshop and the Sawmill, and thay still bear those names. After the renovation into oofices and studios, many small companies have been housed in these two joined buildings. The lower Sågeriet (sawmill) also has a restaurant.

Description: Götaverken’s old plate shop now houses a sporting hall with five handball courts. This was no problem for a building that once produced a ship of 24x145 metres. The arena can seat up to 1,200 spectators. The hall is also used by the nearby schools in Lindholmen.

Description: The attractive machine shop has been remodelled into offices and has a new stairwell with an entryway on the long side of the building.

Total floor area: 9,667 m²

Total floor area: 2,200 m²

Description: When Citadellet was remodelled, the property owner at the time, now Älvstranden Utveckling AB, specified several aims for how the area should be remodelled in the future. This also helped show the possibilities and qualities the old shipyard buildings had to offer. The 17 m wide building has work rooms along the outer walls and in the middle a large open room. The latern which is the entrance to the building is the dominant characteristic.

Description: This building has been used as an exhibition hall for Kirkeby’s sculptures, a design fair and the final projects of students at the school of Design and Artistic Crafts. It also contains offices.

ACTORS|CONTRIBUTORS

PROJECT|SUBJECT

OWNERS|OPERATORS

CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

GÖTEBORG UNIVERSITY

CITY OF GOTHENBURG

SOME DEVELOPMENT-INTENSIVE BUSINESS

LINDHOLMEN SCIENCE PARK AB ACADEMIA

COMMUNITY

INDUSTRY

UNIVERSITIESCHALMERS OPEN ARENALAB ENVIRONMENT COMPANIESERICSSON VOLVO GROUP PROJECTS WORK AREA GOTHENBURG UNIVERSITY VOLVO CARS SEMINAR ROOMS IT UNIVERSITY SAAB GROUP TELIASONERA LIBRARIESCHALMERS LIBRARY LCPCONFERENCE CENTRE SWEDISH ROAD ADMINISTRATION LEARNING CENTRE ÄLVSTRANDENS’ LIBRARY CARAN FACILITIES SEMCON SIGMA HIGH SCHOOLSGTG CULTURE/LEASUREBACKA THEATER EPSILON RESTAURANS BRÄCKE GIMNASIUM CYPERCOM GROUP ESTER MOSESSONS GIMNASIUM IBM POLHELMS GIMNASIUM NORCONSULT SLOTSNERGS GIMNASIUM AKTIVITETEN YTG AGGERO VALEA VEHICULUM ADVANCED VOCATIONALGTG PUBLIC TRANSPORTTRAM&BUS STATION ___ FERRY EDUCATIONKY ACADEMY

3. PROGRAMMING STRATEGIES

umber one issue when it comes to natural conditions is the threat of flooding since Gothenburg is located on the North Sea shore. According to Comprehensive Plan of Gothenburg, there is a combined threat source of flood from heavy rain, rising oceans and rivers pushed up by salty water of sea in delta. Taking in consideration that the location of Lindholmen Sciene Park is on the map of possible disaster the strategies have to be produced on how to deal with the threat.

3.1 SCENARIOS Issue number two is economic crisis and more important the shift in industry and production together with uncertain future of such big companies like Volvo. In quite a big area of Lindholmen Science Park there are few residents and small production businesses that, if developed further, might balance the homogeneous area to more versatile one.

So what if? What if the area really faces the rising water and what if local economies stop sustaining Lindholmen Science Park and its historic industrial character? Can these two issues be turned into new opportunities? Based on these possible scenarios the following strategies have been developed alongside with catalogues of adequate interventions.

3. PROGRAMMING STRATEGIES

trategies for universal sustainability were elaborated on the design research method where models, maps and graphics served as design inspiration and basis for intervention propositions. The whole project was done on the method of research based design. Taking a few major factors of Lindholmen Science Park as of its special academic research and industrial character and special location on the water for the scenario of ecological flood threat and general sustainability, proposition of Incubator for flooding and metabolic systems emerged. In this strategy LSP would become

3.2 INCUBATOR FOR FLOODING AND METABOLIC SYSTEMS a preparatory testing place of water levels and together with new digital technologies would begin a computerized observation of metabolic evolution in the area. Most of the present actors could take part in the project making it even more possible and locally based. This generic system would include monitoring of many aspects like energy and material flows inside out the area in order to give feedback on how to direct changes of the area to desired direction.

(01)

Intervention Office (01)

(02)

Area unit “game”

(03)

Mixed use of space and buildings

(04)

Stock-exchange “game”

(05)

Platform for waste and emmisions reuse

(02)

(06)

(03)

(05)

(07) (06)

Farming+Ren.Energy+E mployment opportunities

(07)

Connections bridge with power generation

(08)

Housing+Art+Water

(09)

Area Integrated Academy

(10)

Water Experience path

(09) (04)

(08)

(10)

[INFORMATIONAL INT.] T EN NM RO VI EN T EN IG LL AN TE AB PL IN L T D AN EN OO PL EM FL GY AG ER AN M SE EN TE BA TY ILI A AS W DAT M E AB R C AIN EN FA FFI T OP AL N O SUS IC O RT TI OR E VE VEN N F GIN R IO EN TE AT IN NIZ TION GA LUA OR VA OOL E T IT T UN RIN P OT FO

T EN NM RO VI EN T EN IG LL AN TE AB PL IN L T D AN EN OO PL EM FL GY AG ER AN M SE EN TE BA TY A ILI AS W DAT M E AB R C AIN EN FA FFI T OP AL N O SUS IC O RT TI OR E VE VEN N F GIN R IO EN TE AT IN NIZ TION GA LUA OR VA OOL E T IT T UN RIN P OT

UNIT EVALUATION ENGINE

FOOTPRINT TOOL

PHENOMENON: Eco-footprint is well known estimation principle of human pressure to natural environment. Although it is measured in global hectares per person, we do not know exact conse quences for environment of our daily life decisions. We do not know how much certain urban area is dependent upon natural resources from elsewhere either.

PHENOMENON: Ecological responsibility has no certain address for and individuals cannot measure their impact on the environ ment. Ecological footprint presents approximate informa tion about communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s impact to nature and when evolved, could re ect more precise information for individuals, companies, land areas etc.

INTERVENTION: LSP area is divided into 7 artificial units of 10 hectares for observation, processing and comparison. These seven units are test-fields for their process, evolution, demand and contribution for ecosystem, society and economy. Program would estimate all relevant and possible data for evaluation of each unit. Ranking would reflect worse and better ways of using new technologies in sustainable urban plan ning and would give certain value for land.

INTERVENTION: Together with Unit Evaluation Engine Footprint Tool is -re ecting more accurate state of individuals, land, companies and other entities in relation to the ecosystem. Eco-footprint is presented in labeling various actors in the area like buildings, companies, and land units with value, present ing impacts on ecosystems. This kind of publicly presented information would have a major role in further evolution of LSP and correcting individual lifestyles.

BENEFITS: >local food >less impact to nature >additional work opportunities >lab for new urban system testing >decreased dependency from others

BENEFITS: >increased individual awareness of global issues >enhanced relationship with the area and ecosystem >strong basis for further development and evolution

ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >ecology movements >academy

ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >ecology movements >academy >local society

[INFORMATIONAL INT.]

[INFORMATIONAL INT.] T EN NM RO VI EN T EN IG LL AN TE AB PL IN L T D AN EN L M OO FL Y P GE A G ER AN E M EN AS TE TY ILI AB AS W DAT M E AB R IN FIC TA EN FA F OP AL N O SUS IC O RT TI OR E VE VEN N F GIN R IO EN TE AT IN NIZ TION GA UA L OR VA OOL E T IT T UN RIN P OT FO

OPEN DATABASE

PHENOMENON: Knowledge and information is a powerful tool to control and bene t from. Knowledge also allows improving processes and developing. Information is a medium to commu nicate between different stakeholders. INTERVENTION: Data/Information screens are located in public spaces to give message for people about the metabolism of the area in comparison to the city and the Earth. This real time database forms a framework for Intervention Of ce for further developments. Main information re ected is the use and production of resources and energy so that metabolism of the area could be easier understandable. Screens would work like advertisements for educational purpose. BENEFITS: >increased individual awareness of global ecological issues >enhanced relationship with the area >strong basis for further development and evolution >lab for new urban system testing ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >ecology movements

 VERTICAL FARM

[2]

ENERGY PLAN

[4] WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

[3] OPEN DATABASE

[5] ORGANIZATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY

VERTICAL FARM

ENERGY PLAN

OPEN DATABASE

WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

ORGANIZATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY

PHENOMENON: Urban settlements produce much less food than countryside. Urban population grows rapidly with ever increasing dependency upon natural resources and food from outside. Ecological footprint grows with population of the city.

PHENOMENON: Society is even more and more dependent upon greater energy resources. Moreover, energy is gained from fossil fuels cause eco problems. Long distance energy distribution cause lower efficiency and dependency. Meanwhile, local energy resources are not used!

PHENOMENON: Knowledge and information is a powerful tool to control and benefit from. Knowledge also allows improving processes and developing. Information is a medium to communicate between different stakeholders.

PHENOMENON: Sustainability relies a lot on individual and social approach. Each person has some good ideas that could be used in a good way if not melted but noticed by same thinking people. Organizations are able to do more than separate members. Ecological sustainability is a great challenge for technology and in the place like Science Park it has to be a priority.

INTERVENTION: Vertical Farm is inserted in various types and places in LSP. Vertical Farms could appear as attachments to existing buildings, new buildings and various structures for controlled food production. Indoor crop land may produce over 4 times more food which is safer. Small semi-closed ecosystem works with minimum emissions while producing maximum gain. Technology ensures the food is grown in superb conditions within urban context and thus, rebuilds land’s ecological capacity and reduces eco-footprint and dependency on countryside or overseas.

INTERVENTION: Energy Plan is created for the area on the data base of year-round use, inputs and outputs, and innovative possibilities. EP will make a policy upon which renewable energy resources would be promoted in the area. EP will mainly focus on local energy transformation possibilities and use, and even delivering over-production to the city electricity network. EP will work within these dimensions: >solar energy (PVs, solar collectors) >geothermal energy >kinetic energy transformation (wind power, river flow, surfaces under pressure, etc.) BENEFITS: >local energy >less impact to nature >additional work opportunities >lab for new urban system testing >decreased dependency from others ACTORS: >GBG commune >local community >academy >industry

INTERVENTION: Data/Information screens are located in public spaces to give message for people about the metabolism of the area in comparison to the city and the Earth. This real time database forms a framework for Intervention Office for further developments. Main information reflected is the use and production of resources and energy so that metabolism of the area could be easier understandable. Screens would work like advertisements for educational purpose.

PHENOMENON: Urban settlements produce huge amount of waste and emissions that goes out of the city and has an impact to nature environment. The phenomenon is that wastes do not exist in terms of metabolism. It is just a transitional state of product to resource, but man made products stays in that state for much longer and ecosystem cannot recycle it at an ever increasing rate. INTERVENTION: Waste Management Plan would consider waste resources and design, waste disposal and better use issues. It would work as a policy for the area determining limits of hazard production income and outcome, non-hazard material reuse, recycling and limitation of demand. New prototypes of zero-waste production design would be tested and closed material cycles proposed.

BENEFITS: >cleaner environment >higher production and use efficiency >less impact to nature >additional work opportunities >lab for new urban system testing ACTORS: >local people >GBG commune >ecology movements >local industry >producers of goods

BENEFITS: >community and individual engagement and participation >new ideas for living sustainably >additional work opportunities >common free-time activity

BENEFITS: >local food >less impact to nature >additional work opportunities >lab for new urban system testing >decreased dependency from others ACTORS: >food companies >local community >academy >GBG commune

BENEFITS: >increased individual awareness of global ecological issues >enhanced relationship with the area >strong basis for further development and evolution >lab for new urban system testing ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >ecology movements

INTERVENTION: Open non-profit organization should take place in LSP for acting as a catalyst for sustainable thinking and bringing same thinking people for free time activity. Beneficial location within LSP would give special input of information and place to test new ideas. This organization would welcome everybody with new ideas and inventions for energy, development, society, waste, ecology etc.

ACTORS: >local individuals >GBG commune >ecological movements

INTERVENTION TYPE [PHYSICAL INT.] [INFORMATIONAL INT.] [INSTITUTIONAL INT.] [POLICY INT.]

 VERTICAL FARM

VF OD OS IO EP

[3] OPEN DATABASE



INTELIGENT ENVIRONMENT

IE UE FT FL WP

[7] UNIT EVALUATION ENGINE

[5] ORGANIZATION FOR [6] SUSTAINABILITY

INTERVENTION OFFICE

[8]

[2]

ENERGY PLAN

[4] WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

[9] FOOTPRINT TOOL

FLOOD LAB

ORGANIZATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY

INTELLIGENT ENVIRONMENT

EAST

INTERVENTION OFFICE

OPEN DATABASE

SOUTH “NAVET” Main building of LSP

City centre

[6] [8]

[5] ORGANIZATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY

[4] WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

[7] UNIT EVALUATION ENGINE

WEST

[3] OPEN DATABASE

 VERTICAL FARM

VF 

[9] FOOTPRINT TOOL

INTERVENTION OFFICE

FLOOD LAB

[2]

ENERGY PLAN

INTELIGENT ENVIRONMENT

men Lindhol

area

NORTH

FOOTPRINT TOOL

UNIT EVALUATION ENGINE

WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

VERTICAL FARM

ENERGY PLAN

[6]

INTERVENTION OFFICE

[7] UNIT EVALUATION ENGINE

[8]

FLOOD LAB



[9] FOOTPRINT TOOL

INTELIGENT ENVIRONMENT

INTERVENTION OFFICE

UNIT EVALUATION ENGINE

FLOOD LAB

FOOTPRINT TOOL

INTELLIGENT ENVIRONMENT

PHENOMENON: Urban areas are usually developed gradually but not constantly. Changes that happen in urban scale take time and we never now in advance if the project will fulfill the expectations. Emerging expectations are fulfilled time after time but constant observation of area’s development would enable with higher quality evolution.

PHENOMENON: Eco-footprint is well known estimation principle of human pressure to natural environment. Although it is measured in global hectares per person, we do not know exact consequences for environment of our daily life decisions. We do not know how much certain urban area is dependent upon natural resources from elsewhere either.

PHENOMENON: LSP is located on flood threatening site and has no effective solution for possible natural changes within the city. As a high-tech science park it has all necessary knowledge and opportunities to analyze water level changes and possible solutions, opportunities of those changes.

PHENOMENON: Ecological responsibility has no certain address for and individuals cannot measure their impact on the environment. Ecological footprint presents approximate information about community’s impact to nature and when evolved, could reflect more precise information for individuals, companies, land areas etc.

PHENOMENON: New technologies and information are in abundance to reach out for people and help or inspire everybody if it were only manifested more in the physical shape or clever urban space.

INTERVENTION: Intervention Office is created in the area to deal with emerging issues and keep area on constant evolution track. Intervention Office would be supplementing Älvstranden Utveckling AB with its ultimate purpose of area’s observation, data analysis and development. It works with metabolic systems and tests various scenarios for the area.

INTERVENTION: Flood Lab established in the area is proposing solutions for changing water level in urban contexts like Gothenburg. Flood Lab is testing various scenarios on site reducing the risk for local community and providing with new ideas of using these changes in beneficial way. One of the main purposes of Flood Lab is to find opportunities for area use or energy transformation of changing water level.

INTERVENTION: Together with Unit Evaluation Engine Footprint Tool is reflecting more accurate state of individuals, land, companies and other entities in relation to the ecosystem. Eco-footprint is presented in labeling various actors in the area like buildings, companies, and land units with value, presenting impacts on ecosystems. This kind of publicly presented information would have a major role in further evolution of LSP and correcting individual lifestyles.

INTERVENTION: Intelligent Environment in LSP is presenting new era of sensitive environment adjusted to help navigate people in the area. Starting with guiding voice information in site to help people find particular locations or specific information like internet. Touch, sound, light sensitive surfaces and facilities are dramatically reducing energy use for example in public space lighting.

BENEFITS: >more intense development/evolution >enhanced relationship with the area >strong basis for further development and evolution >lab for new urban system testing

BENEFITS: >local food >less impact to nature >additional work opportunities >lab for new urban system testing >decreased dependency from others ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >ecology movements >academy

BENEFITS: >safer environment >ecological testing for the area >additional work opportunities >lab for new urban system testing >increased land value ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >academy

BENEFITS: >increased individual awareness of global issues >enhanced relationship with the area and ecosystem >strong basis for further development and evolution

BENEFITS: >increased quality of information access >enhanced relationship with daily objects >strong basis for further development and evolution

ACTORS: >industry >GBG commune >ecology movements >academy >local society

ACTORS: >GBG commune >ecology movements >local community >academy

[7] SECTION EVALUATION ENGINE

NT ME ON VIR EN NT IGE ELL INT AB L OD AN FLO LAN T PL Y P MEN E ERG EN ANAG M STE SE WA ABA T DA EN M TY OP FAR CE ILI AL FFI INAB O A TIC T VER TION SUS EN E OR ERV N F GIN INT ATIO N EN NIZ ATIO U GA OR VAL L

INT

TIO

SEC

PR OT

O TO

FT 49

FT sections’ evaluation charts energy use

water use

biocapacity

CO2 emission

energy created

7 sections x 10 ha

FT section -6

section -7

section -3 FT

section -2

OD traffic concentration

section -1 people concentration

100

OD OD

section -5 section -4

500

or gaining various data of the specific LSP incubator the area in proposal state could be divided in ten 7 ha sections, which in relation to each other would bring different input results in the overall testing project. However, the second and more important step would be the programmed action according to the data feedback in order to improve on metabolic systems. The design

idea is based on the interactivity, where collected data automatically appears in public venues for general awareness and is used in actual design process of further development. This way incubator works like an open public education devise and makes valuable testing for desired outcomes with various inputs in the system of LSP.

REF #1

Self Designed /Interactive Structures

arch\ Pablo Miranda

controls

indicators

metabolism

imply speaking, metabolism (locally happening flows of various kind like energy, people, material supply etc.) would be collected to local hub computer. The hub would share the data in public through innovative architectural design, making it accessible for everyone instantaneously. In this way metabolic changes of the area would be reflected in architectural shape, pattern, colour or alike, creating a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;livingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; urban mechanism that evolves in itself (according to the predefined inputs and programming of local architects).

REF #2

The Kunsthaus Graz 2003

arch\ Peter Cook Colin Fournier

NT ME ON VIR EN NT IGE ELL INT B LA OD AN FLO LAN T PL EN YP ERG AGEM EN N MA STE ASE B WA A T DA EN M TY OP FAR CE ILI AB FI AL OF TAIN TIC VER TION SUS EN E OR ERV N F GIN INT ATIO N EN NIZ TIO UA GA OR VAL L

INT

TIO

PR OT

SEC

O TO

[3] OPEN DATABASE

[6]

INTERVENTION OFFICE

[constant framework for development] Data

Data

[real-time data screens for citizens] All kind of inputs/t

All kind of products/t

(energy, water, goods, people,etc)

(energy, waste, goods, emissions, etc)

x1 ha

[7] SECTION EVALUATION ENGINE

ecological demand xn gha [9] FOOTPRINT TOOL

ecological capacity

testing area units of 10 ha LSP = 70 ha

rom urban and architectural point of view the area as an incubator would not only test on relevant issues but be much more sensible, changing and adapting in a way easily noticeable for every visitor. Incubating many different programmes (listed under intervention catalogue and more) it could tell the better way for sustainable development. It would certainly work like real time experiment lab of urban metabolism and would be the most vivid in sensitive-reflective way architectural part of the city.

REF #3

Institute Du Monde Arabe Paris 1987

arch\ Jean Nouvel

HUB

Hyperactive Urban Building

he basic metabolism of different energy types and sources in the system is one of the most important from sustainabilityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perspective. Therefore, the propositional catalogue of materials and energy would suggest the necessary shift in each sector by improving the general incubator system through refinements of separate systems. Each of them would be monitored and developed into self-sustaining system within the incubator area where inputs and outputs would balance it.

CATALOGUE SCENARIOS OF RESOURCE FLOW

PRESENT

ELECTRICITY Suplied by national electricityplants.

HEATING/COOLING Suplied by municipality, created of natural gas, waste incineration and fossil fuels.

FOOD Imported from hinterland abroad and nationaly.

WATER Extracted from deeper soil and distributed.

RAW MATERIAL Mainly extracted from national sources and imported from hinterlands.

FUTURE

ELECTRICITY Created locally from renewable resources and shared in open grid.

HEATING/COOLING Reduced to minimum and the rest suplied from waste heat in the neighbourhood processes.

FOOD Grown locally as much as possible and the rest brought from hinterlands.

WATER Water suplied from local resources such as river.

RAW MATERIAL Demand suplied by maximum recycling and the rest extracted according to the ecological footprint.

GENERAL METABOLIC SYSTEM - Energy cycles are combined together where possible - Waste to resource local exchange.

3. PROGRAMMING STRATEGIES

n the case of second scenario of economical crisis and hardships of local economies different strategy could be applied. Although the issue of LSPâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s identity and homogeneity remains the same, the other strategy could be built because of the areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s low density and weak intensity. Quite large area of LSP is almost uninhabited compared to the location and neighbourhood. Its contrasting post-industrial character is also left behind unused. So what if these issues could be turned into strengths? It is easy to track definitive threshold between LSP and further coast relatively new residential areas where the riverbank path is changing positively into more exploited and publicly accessible water lines. Even stranger it is to find a vast south and city centre directed areas being left over for parking lots just along the water. The strategy for some new kind of living apartments and industry revival or expansion together with public benefits of intensification seems very likely here.

3.3 WORK/LIVE UNITS AND INDUSTRY INVOLVEMENT

RESIDENTIAL TERRAIN

INDUSTRIAL PLAIN

EXIS T IN

G TH R E SH OL D

Riverbank pathway along the Norra Alvstranden

WORKING ENVIRONMENT

SEMI-PUBLIC ACTIVITIES

PRIVATE MARINE

SUSTAINABLE HOUSING

EAST-SIDE FEATURES threshold between areas WEST-SIDE FEATURES

INDUSTRIAL CHARACTER WORK/LIVE UNITS Housing complex on the edge of riverbank merging two distinct characters of working and living environment could be represented by work-live unitâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s solution.

PUBLIC ACTIVITIES

PUBLIC RIVER ACCESS

n the site of Lindholmen Science Park some residential plans are already prepared including student dormitories and hotels. However, all of them are planned further from picturesque riverbank and they do not cover other typologies for living especially more directed towards industry and small businesses. In this situation regarding post-industrial scale and building area typology, idea of lofts seems to be attractive for intensification purpose. But it only brings residents with no further idea of involving local business. Therefore, similar solution of giving space for housing but at

the same time going together with the identity of the area, work/live units could solve both issues. Instead of creating only industrial style apartments, work/live units can contribute to the community of business development, entrepreneurship and social interdisciplinary collaboration fostering local environment.

REF #4

ACME studios London 2001

arch\ Robert Barnes

REF #5

REF #6

Lofts Vapor Llull Barcelona 1997

arch\ Cirici & Basso arquitectura

The Fire Station London 1997

ACME

nother part of benefit from building new complex is industry involvement in the process of developing and building the structure and afterwards maintaining and fostering it with pay back benefits of hosted innovators and entrepreneurs. What if using the crisis major industries would test other types of their production and excellence like supplying new architectural elements, first in the testing process of work/live unit complex development and later maybe even in other venues of architectural construction? This strategy would not only help save industries like shipbuilding from running out of business but also enable the new ones to come into existence right along the expertise of Science Park in various technologies.

CATALOGUE SCENARIOS OF PRODUCTION CHANGE

PRESENT

VOLVO Carbon-based commbustion engine car production.

ERICSSON Mobile communication technology production.

IBM Information technology software and hardware production.

MESTO High-performance evaporation system and industrial boiler production.

MARINE ENGINES Water transport engine production.

FUTURE

VOLVO - Renewable energy based transportation. - Biodegradable/100% recycleble car parts.

ERICSSON - Responsive device production. - Improved communication grid. - Mobile employment, traveling solutions.

IBM - Nanotechnology based devices. - Biodegradable hardware products. - Eeneable energy harvesting devices. - Open source software. MESTO - Osmotic power plant part production. - Water clensing devices. - Air/water based technologies. MARINE ENGINES - Reneable fuel engine type production. - Power-of-water energy harvesting technologies.

ENERGY AND RESOURCE SAVING COLABORATION - Shared energy grid. - Waste to resource exchange. - Technology and innovation share.

inally, the strategy of work/live unit complex on the riverbank would solve many public and identity issues by using the precious site and by intensifying the area new waterfront uses would evolve. Local water transportation, social venues and activities on the river bank, local inhabitants and various services would make the area more vivid and attractive. The work/live unit complex would reflect the contribution of local industries and make areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s identity clearer.

REF #7

Block 11 Almere-Out 2010

arch\ mei architecten en stedenbouwers

LOCAL INDUSTRIES

BEARING PARTS

FACADE ELEMENTS

Building design process colaborating with local industries [ship industry, car industry, other]

BUILDING ELEMENTS

4. DESIGN

hile Gothenburg is creating identity of Event City established international industries are receding. Lindholmen Science Park is the place where ship builders and car producers that made the city popular and supported the economy for a long time could shift into new productions and Science Park could test new platform for locally inhabited entrepreneurs. Would Work/Live Units make the difference here?

4.1 SITE

EXISTING SITEPLAN [predominant car parking area]

PROPOSED SITEPLAN [predominant social waterfront use]

Proposed site plan

scale 1/500

Office shop Bike shop

Electronic service

Bar

Mixed media

Bakery

73 Fiber crafts

Needlework

Boat service

Ceramics Cafeteria

Glass crafts

Paper crafts

Wood crafts

Stone crafts Metal crafts CRAFTS

SHOPS CATERING Ground floor programme:

Bakery Cafeteria Bar

Boat service Electronic service Bike shop Office shop

Metal crafts Stone crafts Wood crafts Paper crafts Needlework Mixed media Leatherwork Flower crafts Fiber Crafts Glass crafts Ceramics

Work/Live units x80

Work/Live units x112

Complex arrangement possibilities:

Work/Live units Hostel Student Dormitory

Work/Live units x32

4. DESIGN

nit building is one of seven uniform buildings designed in simple shape but complex way. It could be built both on filled land and shallow waterbed. Each building unit contains its own spacious orangery in the glass attic in order to compensate for the lack of land and supply residents with green environment throughout the year. The rest of the building, except semi public ground floor, is given for Work/Live Units and common social spaces. The whole building unit is covered with glass and steel panels manufactured by local industries and reflects historical industrial heritage of the area and production potential for the future.

4.2 UNIT BUILDING

niform free floor plan allows wide variety of different usage. Each Unit Building can be independently rearranged to house small accommodations or large studios. Work/live Units may be of two floors or one. Access core located in the middle of the unit building gives also common spaces with natural light and social atmosphere.

Programmme Flexibility

Orangery 2 storey work-live unit 1 storey work-live unit Student flat/Hostel number Common studio Public/Semi-public services

Facade scale 1/200

Section B-B scale 1/200

Section A-A scale 1/200

40 000

16 000

Cafe/Shop/Depot

Entrance hall

Cafe/Shop/Depot

Ground floor 1/200

Acces space Balcony Common/Semi-public space 2 storey work-live unit 1 storey work-live unit Student flat/Hostel number Orangery

Common studio

Work/live unit 1st floor

terrace

Work/live unit 1st floor

Work/live unit single floor

Work/live unit single floor Common studio

First floor 1/200

Acces space Balcony Common/Semi-public space 2 storey work-live unit 1 storey work-live unit Student flat/Hostel number Orangery

Common studio

Work/live unit 2nd floor

terrace

Work/live unit 2nd floor

Work/live unit single floor

Work/live unit single floor Common studio

Second floor 1/200

Acces space Balcony Common/Semi-public space 2 storey work-live unit 1 storey work-live unit Student flat/Hostel number Orangery

balcony

balcony Common studio

flat

terrace

flat

Common studio balcony

balcony

Third floor 1/200

flat

Acces space Balcony Common/Semi-public space 2 storey work-live unit 1 storey work-live unit Student flat/Hostel number Orangery

lounge

orangery

lounge

Fourth floor 1/200

5. BIBLIOGRAPHY Print Birkeland, Janis . (2002). Design for Sustainability: A Sourcebook of Integrated, Eco-logical Solutions, Routledge. Cook, Peter (1999). Archigram, Princeton Architectural Press. Field, Marcus & Mark Irving. (1998). Lofts, Gingko Press. Gallina, Andrea & Søren Villadsen, Eds. (2007). New challenges and opportunities for local development, social cohesion and innovation, Catania. Girardet, Herbert. (1992). The Gaia Atlas of Cities: New Directions for Sustainabble Urban Living, Gaia Books Limited. Hinte van Ed & Neelen Marc. (2003) Smart Architecture, Uitgeverij 010 Publishers. Jencks, Charles & Karl Kropf, Eds. (2006). Theories and Manifestoes of Contemporary Architecture 2nd ed, Wiley-Academy. Mau, Bruce & the institute without Boundaries. (2004). Massive Change, Phaidon. Stan Allen (1999). Points + Lines: Diagrams and projects for the city, Princeton Architectural Press. Tewdwr-Jones, Mark & Philip Allmendinger, Eds. (2006).Territory, identity and spatial planning : spatial governance in a fragmented nation, Routledge. Öhrström, Bo. (2004). Urban processes and global competition : enabling factors for mutual urban and economic development at Norra Älvstranden in Göteborg, Göteborg : Chalmers tekniska högsk. Exhibition document planning committee. (2008). Proposed comprehensive plan for Göteborg, City Planning Authority. Bergstrand, Bjorn. (2008). Invest in Sweden: Cleantech, Invest in Sweden Agency. Dwelly, Tim, Andy Lake & Lisa Thompson. (2010). Workhubs: Smart workplace for the low carbon economy, Workhubs Network. Göteborg : City Planning Authority (Stadsbyggnadskontoret). (2000). Norra Älvstranden : the guide, Norra Älvstranden utveckling AB. Göteborg : City Planning Authority (Stadsbyggnadskontoret). (2001). Norra Älvstranden : the process, Norra Älvstranden utveckling AB. Roglar, Susanne. (2009). Invest in Sweden: Advantage Sweden, Invest in Sweden Agency.

Internet Alvstranden area urban developer site: http://www.alvstranden.com/hem/ Gothenburg city information: http://www4.goteborg.se/prod/G-info/statistik.nsf Gothenburg city planning for future: http://www.goteborg2050.nu/Start.action Lindholmen Science Park official website: http://www.lindholmen.se/ WAINOVA- World Alliance for Innovation: http://wainova.org/ Evolutionary design and architecture, algorithmic design, generative design, computational design aesthetics, work by Pablo Miranda Carranza: http://www.generatorx.no/20050718/profile-carranza/ http://armyofclerks.net/ Urbanism lab for infrastructures, networks and environments: http://infranetlab.org/blog/2009/09/clean-urbanism-dirty-realism/ Blog on architectural conjecture, urban speculation and landscape futures: http://bldgblog.blogspot.com/ Online journal focused on artists who work with twentieth-century evolving media involving technology and science: http://www.leonardo.info/ Website dedicated on reuse design: http://superuse.org/ Science Park and Innovation Center Associationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s directory: http://www.spica-directory.net/ Official investment promotion agency of Sweden: http://investsweden.se/ Gothenburg cartography: http://www4.goteborg.se/prod/G-info/statistik.nsf/5b5fb2c31bbffacfc1256ce9002beea8/b6b2e998025d3063c1256d100030111c Statistics of Sweden: http://www.scb.se/default____2154.aspx Swedish Incubators & Science Parks: http://www.sisp.se/