Leverage Budget Management Functionality in SAP to Administer Budgets for Projects, Internal Orders, and Cost Centers Michael Prakhina Lazar Consultants Š 2008 Wellesley Information Services. All rights reserved.
In This Session •
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This session examines strategies for configuring and deploying SAP applications to support Budget Management scenarios Review functionality available across the SAP landscape to manage budgets and receive best practices for streamlining the budgeting processes for projects, internal orders, and cost centers Get a handle on budgeting for more than one currency Examine the prerequisites for budget allocation and walk through configuration of Budget Management functionality for projects and internal orders 1
In This Session (cont.) • • • •
Learn how to compare actual postings versus budgets using cost center budget planning functionality Understand the impact that purchase order and invoices have on budget through Commitments Management Get unique tips for displaying budget line items, and learn how to run budget update reports Get tips for approving and releasing the budget on the Internet
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What We’ll Cover ... • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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What Is Budgeting? •
Budget is the device by which management approves the expected development of order costs over a given timeframe
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Planning vs. Budgeting The budget is the approved cost structure for an order or a project
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You administrate the approved cost framework for an order or an order group using Budget Management You can enter the order budget manually or copy budget information from any plan version 5
Budget Types •
Original budget
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Budget updates
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This is the budget originally assigned, before any updates were made. Unforeseen events, additional requirements, for example, price rises for external activities, and so on. This may mean you need to update the original budget, in the form of: Supplements Returns
Current budget
This is derived from the budget types already mentioned:
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How Budgeting Works • • • •
To create a budget for an order, you must define a budget profile and assign it to the order type The budget profile defines the parameters for budgeting In Customizing, you must define a number range for your budget documents When you save the budget, the system checks that the sum of the annual values matches the overall value for the order You can:
Order: 400010
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Original Current Budget Budget Overall 2000 2001 2002 2003
40,000 15,000 15,000 2,000 3,000
50,000 19,000 18,000 3,000 4,000
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Budget Order
Line Items 400010
Chicago Trade Fair
Document Year Activity 030000001 2000 Original
Amount ... 15,000
030000200 2000 Supplement 5,000 030000306 2000 Return Total
2000
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1,00019,000
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Update and make changes to the budget Freeze the budget using status management Display the budget line items from the budget screen Enter text for budget line items to provide supporting information for the budget transaction 7
Define Budget Profile The budget profile defines the parameters for budgeting
Is Availability Control activated manually or automatically during budgeting?
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To create a budget for an order, you must define a budget profile and assign it to the order type 8
Things to Remember •
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The budget represents the funds approved by the management. The budget types include the original budget, budget updates, and the current budget. Line items are recorded for updates to the order budget. To create a budget, you must define a budget profile and assign it to the order type or the project definition.
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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What Is Availability Control? Is availability control active? For which transactions will availability control apply? What are the tolerance limits? • • •
As an order or project is executed, business events are recorded that call upon available funds These events result in the posting of actual costs and commitments to the order or project Commitments represent obligations that lead to actual costs through subsequent business events; e.g., a purchase order may result in a CO commitment 11
How Budgeting Works with Availability Control
Use tolerances to define how the system should respond to a given degree of budget overrun 12
Budget Carry Forward
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You can transfer unused funds to the next fiscal year using the budget carry forward function SAP carries forward the difference between the budget and actual amounts for the year specified 13
Budgeting in Different Currencies
• You can choose different currencies to enter your budget • All budget items are converted and saved automatically in the controlling area currency and the object currency
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Things to Remember • •
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Unused budget amounts can be carried forward to the next fiscal year. ERP system can perform active availability checks when the order is debited. The ERP system checks whether the order budget is adequate for the actual posting or commitment. In Customizing, you specify the system response if tolerance levels were exceeded. Budget can be entered in the controlling area currency, object currency, or a user-defined currency.
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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About Commitments Management
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By recording commitments as well as actual costs, you can compare the funds you have allocated to your budgeted cost to determine funds availability
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Commitments Carry Forward •
You can carry forward open commitment values into the first period of the next fiscal year as part of year-end closing
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Types of Commitments Management •
There are three types of commitments, depending on the account assignment object:
Order commitment The commitment is initially assigned to an order Cost center commitment The commitment is initially assigned to a cost center Project commitment The commitment is initially assigned to a project or to a work breakdown structure element
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Activate Commitments Management •
You activate Commitments Management:
For each controlling area from a chosen fiscal year For orders per order type For cost centers For cost centers per cost center type
Tip
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Commitments Reports •
In addition to the actual values and budget values, this report displays commitment values
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Things to Remember • • •
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Commitments are specific goods ordered for an internal order, a cost center, or a project A purchase order commitment is created that is equivalent to the purchase order value Commitments are reduced by business transactions (such as goods receipts) and actual costs are incurred by the corresponding account assignment object At year-end closing, you can carry open commitment values
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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Define a Budget Profile for Cost Centers •
You create a budget profile to specify technical and administration values for budgeting by cost center
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Maintain Cost Center Budget Information You can manually enter budget for cost centers
Use Excel to upload values automatically
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Entering cost center budget is simple! You can enter it manually, copy/paste, or just simply upload from spreadsheets 25
Cost Center Budget Planning in Excel Type Report
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Cost Center Budget and Commitments Reports
Via the Report/Report Interface you can branch to the Cost Centers: Actual Line Items report
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Budget Upload Using Excel You can upload budget values from Excel You can copy actual costs or other planning profiles to your budget
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To be able to upload the files, you must specify the characteristic values in the lead column of the corresponding planning layout. It is not enough to simply specify the characteristic text. 28
Things to Remember •
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The simplest way to define budget information is to enter amounts into the Cost Center Budget Planning screen for each cost center All reports in SAP ERP 6.0 are embedded into Excel You can upload budget information by using regular flat files from your PC
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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Assign Budget Profile to Internal Order You assign Budget Profile to Internal Order Type.
You can allocate budget after the Created status is reached. If you want to prohibit budget allocation in the Created status, you need to define a user status.
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Change Budget for Internal Order You can use Excel to upload values automatically
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You can manually enter a budget per internal order or per order group Internal order commitments will reserve funds 32
Internal Orders Commitments Reports
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This report enables the internal orders manager to compare budgeted and allotted costs on internal orders. It also includes postings on statistical internal orders. 33
Things to Remember • • • •
In order to budget by internal order you have to assign a budget profile to an internal order type You can manually enter budget information or upload using Excel All predefined SAP reports display budget, actual, and commitments values In order to report in a number of different currencies, you have to develop new reports or change existing reports
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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Enter Budget Information for Projects •
You can enter or use Excel upload to import budget amounts per project or for WBS elements
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Assign Budgeting Profile to the Project Definition • You store a budget profile or order type in the project definition • The period of time during which budgeting is allowed • Whether budgeting is allowed for total annual values, and/or annual values You should not maintain budget profile if you use Budget Control System (BCS)
Tip 37
Releasing the Budget Release
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You can release budget on a total or an annual level The release is based on the current budget, meaning the original budget changed by supplements, returns, or transfers 38
Budget Foreign Currency Recalculation for Projects
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Regardless of which currency you use for budgeting, the system always translates the entered planning and budget line items into the controlling area currency and object currency and updates the values in both currencies Tip 39
Consistency Check • • • •
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Consistency check of plan/budget Transfer of plan to budget Mass release of budget for projects Currency recalculation for plan/budget
The consistency checks you activated are run in the background when you post or pre-post a budget amount 40
Budget Carry Forward for Projects
You cannot carry forward a negative budget into the following year
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Project Budget and Commitments Reports • •
Using the navigation menu, you can break down a report by a number of features, such as business transactions You can report overall budget as well as budget commitments information
Drilldown
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Things to Remember • •
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The budget is carried forward on the basis of the values in the currency defined in the budget profile To budget a project, you can transfer the values from cost planning as a budget; you can also enter the budgets directly in the WBS elements You can release a budget on a total or an annual level (providing budgeting using total or annual values is included in the budget profile) You can display totals records for supplements, returns, and transfers for projects
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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Web-Enabled Budget Requests Request for Budget Request (scenario SR61)
Budget Request with Approval (scenario SR62)
In SAP ERP 6.0 there multiple predefined Web-Enabled forms such as this one. Components → Internet/ Intranet Services → Internal Service Request → Scenario Definition → Define Scenarios 45
Internal Tasks
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You can define a follow-up action for an Internal Task that will automatically be triggered and executed by the system A follow-up action can call one or more function modules that execute specific functions (for example, printing or calling up a transaction) 46
Document Flow •
The document flow allows you to identify:
Preceding documents Documents from which the current notification originated Subsequent documents Documents that originated from the current notification “To-and-from” references between documents Document number Additional data (if available)
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Things to Remember • • •
You can define Web-enabled scenarios for recurrent internal service requests Budget scenarios SR61 and SR62 are predefined and can be used as templates You can assign workflow tasks and display document flow to list corresponding documents assigned to a budget request
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What We’ll Cover … • • • • • • • •
Overview of Budget Management in SAP ERP 6.0 Availability Control Commitments Management (CO) Budget Management for Cost Centers Budget Management for Internal Orders Budget Management for Projects Web-Enabled Budgeting in SAP ERP 6.0 Wrap-up
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Useful Reports •
Calling up Cost Element Reports for Order Commitments
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Reports for Cost Center Commitments
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Choose Accounting → Controlling → Cost Center Accounting → Information system → Reports for Cost Center Accounting → Plan/Actual comparisons → Additional key figures → Cost centers: Actual/Plan/ Commitments.
Calling up Cost Element Reports for Project Commitments
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Choose Accounting → Controlling → Internal orders → Information system → Reports for internal orders → Plan/Actual comparisons → Additional key figures → Order: Actual/Plan/Commitments.
Choose Accounting → Project System → Information System → Controlling → Costs → Plan-based → Hierarchical → Plan/Actual/ Commitments/Rem. Plan/Assigned.
To display totals records for supplements, returns and transfers
Choose Logistics or Accounting → Project System → Information System → Controlling → Costs → Budget related → Budget updates 50
Budgeting Transactions • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
KPZ2 – Cost Center Budgets Change KO22 – Internal Order Budget Change CJ30 – Project Budget Change CJCO – Project Budget Carry Forward CJCF – Project Carry Forward Commitment CJCO – Project Budget Carry Forward IMCCP3 – Transfer Plan to Project Budget IMCOC3 – Plan/Budget Consistency Check for Projects KO30 – Activate Availability Control KOCO – Internal Order Budget Carry Forward KOCF – Internal Order Commitment Carry Forward IMCCP4 – Transfer Plan to Order Budget KSCF – Cost Center Commitment Carry Forward KP06 – Change Cost Center Budget Cost, Activity Inputs, and Cost Elements IMCOC4 – Plan/Budget Consistency Check for Orders 51
Budgeting Menu Paths •
To define Budget Profile for Cost Centers in Customizing, choose:
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To define Budget Profile for Internal Orders in Customizing, choose:
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Controlling → Budget Management → Budget Management → Define Budget Planning Profiles
Controlling → Internal Orders → Budgeting and Availability Control → Maintain Budget Profile
To define Budget Profile for Projects in Customizing, choose:
Project System → Costs → Budget → Maintain Budget Profiles
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Budgeting Menu Paths (cont.) •
Another ways to assign a budget profile to a project:
As a default in Customizing under Project System → Costs → Budget → Maintain Budget Profile In the profile data of a standard project definition under Accounting → Project System → Project → Special Maintenance Functions → Project Structure Planning → Project Definition → Create → Control tab page → Group box Accounting → Budget Profile In the profile data of a project definition in Customizing under Project System → Structures → Operative Structures → Project Structure Plan → Create Project Profile
Resources •
SAP Service Marketplace*
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SAP Help Portal
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Cost Center and Internal Order Accounting http://service.sap.com/~form/sapnet?_SHORTKEY=01200252 310000079805& http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_03/helpdata/EN/a9/ ab7f68414111d182b10000e829fbfe/frameset.htm
SAP Developers Network
www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/bpx-forums
* Requires login credentials to the SAP Service Marketplace
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7 Key Points to Take Home • • • • • • •
You can budget by cost center, internal order, and project The main configuration feature is to create and assign a budget profile All reports are Excel-enabled You can upload budget information into SAP from Excel You can display, enter, and request budget information over the internet/intranet You can monitor your budget spending with Commitments Management Availability Control feature prevents you from spending unapproved funds 55
Your Turn!
How to contact me: Michael Prakhina michaelprakhina@lzar.com 56