Megaloblastic Anaemia Symptoms | Causes | Diagnosis | Treatment | Preventions
What is Megaloblastic Anaemia ? Megaloblastic anaemia is a type of anaemia characterized by the formation of unusually large, abnormal and immature red blood cells called as megaloblasts by the bone marrow, which are released into the blood.
Causes of Megaloblastic Anaemia Vitamin B12 deficiency Folate deficiency Drugs Myelodysplastic syndromes Acute leukemia
Symptoms of Megaloblastic Anaemia shortness of breath muscle weakness
abnormal paleness of the skin glossitis (swollen tongue)
loss of appetite/weight loss diarrhea nausea
fast heartbeat
smooth or tender tongue
tingling in hands and feet numbness in extremities
Diagnosis of Megaloblastic Anaemia Peripheral Blood Smear Bone Marrow Biopsy Serum Cobalamin Serum Folate
Serum Methylmalonate and Homocysteine Routine Blood Count
Treatment of Megaloblastic Anaemia Vitamin B-12 Deficiency: In the case of megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B-12 deficiency, you may need monthly injections of vitamin B-12. Oral supplements may also be given. Adding more foods with vitamin B-12 to your diet can help. Foods that have vitamin B-12 in them include: eggs
chicken
fortified cereals (especially bran) red meats (especially beef) milk
shellfish
Treatment Continue… Folate Deficiency: Megaloblastic anemia caused by a lack of folate may be treated with oral or intravenous folic acid supplements. Dietary changes also help boost folate levels. Foods to include in your diet include: oranges
leafy green vegetables peanuts lentils
enriched grains
Preventions of Megaloblastic Anaemia Avoid alcohol. Make sure you are receiving adequate iron in your diet.
Take a vitamin B supplement several times a week if you take
medication that reduces stomach acid.
Diet of Megaloblastic Anaemia Sources of folic acid: Legumes, nuts, whole grain cereals, yeast
Green vegetables, broccoli, asparagus, okra, cauliflower, and brussel
sprouts. Oranges, carrots, and cantaloupe. Sources of B-12: Animal products:
Meat, eggs, milk Vitamin supplements
Diet Continue… Sources of thiamine: Dried peas, beans, legumes, peanuts, and peanut butter Green leafy vegetables Nuts
Protein-rich foods: meat
Wheat germ, whole grain bread and cereal
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