RETINAL DETACHMENT C A U S E S , S Y M P T OM S, DI A GN OS I S A N D T RE ATM E N T
What is Retinal Detachment ? Retina is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye, which helps to see images focused on it by the cornea and lens. Retinal Detachment is an eye disorder, wherein the retina gets separated from the underlying layer of blood vessels, which supplies oxygen and other nutrients to it. When the retina gets detached, the supply of oxygen and nutrients are stopped. If the condition is left untreated, it may even lead to a complete vision loss and blindness . There are three types of retinal detachment: rhegmatogenous tractional
exudative
Symptoms of Retinal Detachment Sudden appearance of ‘flashing’ bright lights, especially in the
peripheral vision Vision becomes blurred The individuals experience illusions that some small objects like spots, hairs, or strings ,are moving in the eye (called floaters) Blindness in the affected eye A
shadow
keeps
appearing
in
the
vision
field
Causes for Retinal Detachment
Bending or drooping of the vitreous that can occur with advancing
age, due to a change in its consistency Advanced stages of diabetes Trauma/injury to the eye
Any eye inflammatory disorder may trigger retinal detachment
Risk Factors of Retinal Detachment Adults above the age of 40 years
A previous occurrence of retinal detachment A family history of the condition
Individuals with severe nearsightedness Any previous eye surgery, like cataract removal Congenital abnormalities affecting the eye
Any trauma or eye injury (including head injury), experienced previously Use of certain eye drops (like pilocarpine for treatment of glaucoma -
a condition of elevated eye pressures) Certain disorders affecting the eye, such as chronic inflammation of the eye (known as uveitis) Participation in certain rough/contact sports, like boxing
Diagnosis of Retinal Detachment Physical examination and evaluation of complete medical history Electroretinogram
Measuring the intraocular pressure Fluorescein angiography Ophthalmoscopy Refraction test Retinal photography, which aims to project the photographs of the
inner surface of the eye Visual acuity Slit-lamp examination Ultrasound of the eye
Treatment of Retinal Detachment Most individuals suffering from retinal detachment would need a surgery, either immediately or after a short time. When the eye condition is mild, then surgery may be performed using lasers to close the holes/tears in the retina or Pneumatic retinopexy in which gas bubbles are placed in the eye, in order to make the retina go back to its original place.Â
Prevention of Retinal Detachment Use of protective eye wear is recommended, when working with
hammers, lawn mowers, weed-eaters, fireworks, or any similar equipment that can cause an eye injury
All diabetic individuals are advised to keep their sugar level under
control consistently Consultation with an eye specialist at least once a year is recommended, especially for elderly adults and those who are at risk for a retinal detachment
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