RETINAL DETACHMENT CAUSES |SYMPTOMS |DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
INTRODUCTION TO RETINAL DETACHMENT
Retina is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye, which helps to see images focused on it by the cornea and lens.
Retinal Detachment is an eye disorder, wherein the retina gets separated from the underlying layer of blood vessels, which supplies oxygen and other nutrients to it. When the retina gets detached, the supply of oxygen and nutrients are stopped. If the condition is left untreated, it may even lead to a complete vision loss and blindness.
RETINAL DETACHMENT RISK FACTORS Adults
above the age of 40 years A previous occurrence of retinal detachment A family history of the condition Individuals with severe nearsightedness Any
previous eye surgery, like cataract removal
Congenital
abnormalities affecting the eye Any trauma or eye injury (including head injury), experienced previously Use
of certain eye drops (like pilocarpine for treatment of glaucoma - a
condition of elevated eye pressures) Certain disorders affecting the eye, such as chronic inflammation of the eye (known as uveitis) Participation in certain rough/contact sports, like boxing
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT Bending or drooping of the vitreous that can occur with advancing age, due to a change in its consistency Advanced stages of diabetes
Trauma/injury to the eye Any eye inflammatory disorder may trigger retinal detachment
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF RETINAL DETACHMENT Sudden appearance of ‘flashing’ bright lights, especially in the peripheral vision Vision becomes blurred The individuals experience illusions that some small objects like spots, hairs, or strings ,are moving in the eye (called floaters) Blindness in the affected eye A shadow keeps appearing in the vision field
LAB TESTS TO DETECT RETINAL DETACHMENT Physical examination and evaluation of complete medical history Electroretinogram Measuring the intraocular pressure Fluorescein angiography Ophthalmoscopy
Refraction test
Retinal photography, which aims to project the photographs of the inner surface of the eye Visual acuity Slit-lamp examination Ultrasound of the eye
WHAT ARE THE TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT?
Most
individuals suffering from retinal detachment
would need a surgery, either immediately or after a short time. When the eye condition is mild, then surgery may be performed using lasers to close the holes/tears in the retina or Pneumatic retinopexy in which gas bubbles are placed in the eye, in order to make the retina go back to its original place.
PREVENTION OF RETINAL DETACHMENT
Use of protective eye wear is recommended, when working with hammers, lawn mowers, weed-eaters, fireworks, or any similar equipment that can cause an eye injury
All diabetic individuals are advised to keep their sugar level under control consistently Consultation with an eye specialist at least once a year is
recommended, especially for elderly adults and those who are at risk for a retinal detachment
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