City Center A Space for All
16sa141 | Mugdha S.
ii | Title Page
City Centre: A Space for All
By Mugdha Savaliya
Thesis Submitted to Arvindbhai Patel Institute of Environmental Design (APIED) D.C. Patel School of Architecture,
July, 2021
iv | Approval Certificate
Approval Certificate
This is to certify that the Thesis titled City Centre: A Space for All has been submitted by Mugdha Savaliya 16SA141 Towards Partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of Bachelor of Architecture Degree At D.C. Patel School of Architecture, APIED Affiliated to Sardar Patel University Vallabh Vidyanagar Approved by
Thesis Chair
Prof. Rahul Patel
Sign and Date
Guide
Prof. Pratik Patel
Sign and Date
Examiner
Sign and Date
vi | Undertaking
Undertaking
I, Mugdha Savaliya the author of the thesis titled City Centre: A Space for All hereby declare that this is an independent work of mine carried out towards partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor of Architecture Degree at D.C. Patel School of Architecture, APIED affiliated to Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India. This work has not been submitted to any other institution for the award of any Degree. All views and opinions expressed in this dissertation report are my mine, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute.
Mugdha Savaliya 16SA141 03.07.2021 Vallabh Vidhyanagar, Anand
viii | Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge all the people who played an important role in the completion of my undergraduate thesis and also in the crucial and enduring academic years. Thesis is not just the work of the last semester but is putting in the learnings of all the prior semesters into this one project and thus, I am thankful to all the people from whom I have learned and was able to come to this stage. I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my guide Prof. Pratik Patel who constantly guided me throughout my thesis that led me to achieve the intended results of my thesis and also to Prof. Jayesh Pitroda for helping me with the structural technicalities of the project. I am also thankful to all the faculties from whom I have gained knowledge in the past 5 years. I am deeply grateful to my Mother, Father, and my younger sibling for always believing in me, being there for me, being so supportive, and for always inspiring me not only during this semester but throughout my life. Last but not the least I would like to thank all my friends who always had my back and who always supported me mentally and emotionally, but specifically I would like to thank Vinit, Dhwani, Kunj, Vishal, Tirth, Nikita, Jinali, Chirag, Yash, Rohan, Hussain, Bhavya for always being there. I would also like to thank Shivangi and Jalshree for always being so supportive and for motivating me throughout this phase. Moreover, I am thankful to everyone from 16SA batch who were a part of the journey in the past 5 years who helped me to grow and with whom I made memories that I would cherish for a lifetime.
Acknowledgement | ix
x | Abstract
Abstract
City centre is a destination for various activities in the city which caters to different needs of people whether it is entertainment, comercial or social and pursue a better public oriented environment. It caters to the leisure and urban lifestyle of city.Hence the title suggests it to be a “Space for All”. It acts as a magnet attracting people imposing a high degree of social communication and gatherings. It is a more economically viable option due to the dynamicity of the space. The idea was to rethink the current market which focuses on only making profits, so that the city’s public spaces could improve. It is designed with an intention to enhance people’s experience by balancing commercial and public spaces and provide a pedestrian friendly environment. The design was done keeping in mind that the commercial spaces didn’t overpower which seems to be neglected in the current scenario. In dense cities like Ahmedabad such spaces should be encouraged that would eventually lead to improvements in the lifestyle of the city.
Abstract | xi
Contents Title Page...................................................................................................iii Approval Certificate................................................................................. v Undertaking.............................................................................................. vii Acknowledgement...................................................................................ix Abstract......................................................................................................xi List Of Tables........................................................................................... xv List Of Figures..........................................................................................xvi 01 Introduction........................................................................................ 01 What is a City Centre?...........................................................................................................02 Need of the Project..................................................................................................................03 Aim...............................................................................................................................................05 Vision...........................................................................................................................................05 Objectives...................................................................................................................................05 Methodology.............................................................................................................................06
02 Research and Analysis...................................................................... 09 Public Spaces and its Importance......................................................................................10 What makes a Public Place “Public”?...............................................................................12 Evolution of City Centres.......................................................................................................14 Evolution of City Centres: Ahmedabad............................................................................16 Rethinking the Concept of City Centres...........................................................................18
03 Case Studies....................................................................................... 21
Salt Lake City Centre .............................................................................................................22 Select City Walk ......................................................................................................................32 Ahmedabad One Mall............................................................................................................38 Comparative Analysis.............................................................................................................46
04 Site Study............................................................................................ 49 Location.......................................................................................................................................50 Neighbourhood Context........................................................................................................51 Neighbourhood Zoning..........................................................................................................51 Urban Grain Analysis..............................................................................................................52 Land Use ....................................................................................................................................53 Landmarks..................................................................................................................................54 Intangibles of the Site............................................................................................................55 Tangibles of the Site...............................................................................................................56 Climate Analysis......................................................................................................................58 Views from the Site ...............................................................................................................60 SWOT..........................................................................................................................................61
05 Area Program Derivation................................................................. 63 Proposed Program...................................................................................................................64 Area Statement........................................................................................................................65
06 Design Derivation.............................................................................. 69 Design Determinants..............................................................................................................70 Zoning..........................................................................................................................................72 Design Development..............................................................................................................74
07 Final Design Proposal....................................................................... 77 Ground Floor Site Layout......................................................................................................78 First Floor Site Layout............................................................................................................80 Second Floor Site Layout......................................................................................................82 Site Section A............................................................................................................................85 Site Section B............................................................................................................................87 Block A- Ground Floor Plan.................................................................................................89 Block A- First Floor Plan.......................................................................................................91 Block A- Second Floor Plan.................................................................................................93 Block A- Typical Service Apartment.................................................................................95 Block A- Section A..................................................................................................................97 Block A- Section B...................................................................................................................99 Block B- Ground Floor Plan................................................................................................101 Block B- First Floor Plan......................................................................................................103 Block B- First Floor Plan......................................................................................................105 Block B- Section A.................................................................................................................107 Block B- Section B..................................................................................................................109 Upper Level Basement Plan...............................................................................................111 Lower Level Typical Basement Plan................................................................................113 3D Views...................................................................................................................................114 Isometric View.........................................................................................................................119
Bibliography............................................................................................121
List Of Tables Table 3.3.1 Case Studies Comparative Analysis.................................................................................................................46 Table 5.2.1 Area Statement.......................................................................................................................................................67
List Of Figures Fig 1.1.1 Conventional.................................................................................................................................................................02 Source: Author Fig 1.1.2 Cultural...........................................................................................................................................................................02 Source: Author Fig 1.1.3 Contemporary...............................................................................................................................................................02 Source: Author Fig 1.2.1 Conventional Shopping Streets..............................................................................................................................03 Source: Author Fig 1.2.2 Conventional Shopping Malls.................................................................................................................................03 Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inside_Garuda_Mall,_Bangalore.jpg Fig 1.2.3 Fusion of conventional Shopping Streets and Malls.......................................................................................03 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/804628/marine-gateway-perkins-plus-will Fig 1.3.1 Mega Foodwalk / FOS................................................................................................................................................04 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/894133/mega-foodwalk-fos Fig 2.1.1 Symbiotic relationship between Human and Architecture ...........................................................................10 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/a3361-culture-and-urbanism-a-timeline-of-turning-points/ Fig 2.1.2 Cultural Public Spaces...............................................................................................................................................11 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 2.1.3 Interactive spaces- Fostering human connection.............................................................................................11 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 2.2.1 Elements of making a great public place............................................................................................................12 Source: https://www.placemakingweek.org/ Fig 2.2.2 Community Public Spaces........................................................................................................................................13 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 2.2.3 Neighbouhood Public Spaces..................................................................................................................................13 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 2.3.1 The Greek Agora.........................................................................................................................................................14 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/ Fig 2.3.2 The Roman Forum.......................................................................................................................................................14 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/ Fig 2.3.3 The Medieval Market Spaces...................................................................................................................................15 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/ Fig 2.3.4 Public Space in Modern Era.....................................................................................................................................15 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/ Fig 2.3.5 The Renaissance Plaza..............................................................................................................................................15 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/ Fig 2.3.6 Contemparary Public Spaces..................................................................................................................................15 Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
Fig 2.4.1 Ahmedabad Old City Market...................................................................................................................................16 Source: https://www.holidify.com/pages/ Fig 2.4.2 Ashram Road................................................................................................................................................................16 Source: https://www.gujaratheadline.com/ Fig 2.4.3 Vastrapur Lake.............................................................................................................................................................16 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastrapur Fig 2.4.4 Law Garden...................................................................................................................................................................16 Source: https://www.dsource.in/gallery/law-garden Fig 2.4.5 C.G. Road........................................................................................................................................................................16 Source: https://www.hcp.co.in/project/c-g-road-redevelopment Fig 2.4.6 Sindhubhavan Road..................................................................................................................................................16 Source: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/ Fig 2.4.7 Evolution Of City Centres.........................................................................................................................................17 Source: Author Fig 2.5.1 Shanghai Greenland Center / Nikken Sekkei......................................................................................................18 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 2.5.2 Parque Toreo.................................................................................................................................................................19 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 2.5.3 Groove @ Central World...........................................................................................................................................19 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/ Fig 3.1.1 Entrance Plaza Of Salt Lake City Centre.............................................................................................................22 Source: Author Fig 3.1.2 Kolkata City Map.........................................................................................................................................................23 Source: https://snazzymaps.com/ Fig 3.1.3 Arcade of the City Centre.........................................................................................................................................23 Source: Author Fig 3.1.4 Entrance near Tram Gate..........................................................................................................................................23 Source: Author Fig 3.1.5 City Centre Loaction...................................................................................................................................................23 Source: https://snazzymaps.com/ Fig 3.1.6 Arcade of the City Centre.........................................................................................................................................23 Source: Author Fig 3.1.7 Entrance Plaza towards The Kund.........................................................................................................................24 Source: Author Fig 3.1.8 Mall within Mall...........................................................................................................................................................24 Source: Author Fig 3.1.9 Parking Space...............................................................................................................................................................24 Source: Author
Fig 3.1.10 Informal Public Plaza with Kund at the Centre...............................................................................................24 Source: Author Fig 3.1.11 Urban edge ................................................................................................................................................................24 Source: Author Fig 3.1.12 Shopping Arcade......................................................................................................................................................24 Source: Author Fig 3.1.13 Horizontal Zoning.....................................................................................................................................................25 Source: Author Fig 3.1.14 Vertical Zoning...........................................................................................................................................................25 Source: Author Fig 3.1.15 Ground floor Plan.....................................................................................................................................................26 Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre Fig 3.1.16 First floor Plan...........................................................................................................................................................26 Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre Fig 3.1.17 Second floor Plan.....................................................................................................................................................27 Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre Fig 3.1.18 Third floor Plan..........................................................................................................................................................27 Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre Fig 3.1.19 Fourth floor Plan.......................................................................................................................................................28 Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre Fig 3.1.20 Section A through the Kund..................................................................................................................................29 Source: Author Fig 3.1.21 Section A through the Kund..................................................................................................................................29 Source: Author Fig 3.1.22 Ground Floor Circulation Pattern.........................................................................................................................30 Source: Author Fig 3.1.23 Second Floor Circulation Pattern.........................................................................................................................30 Source: Author Fig 3.1.24 Fourth Floor Circulation Pattern..........................................................................................................................30 Source: Author Fig 3.1.25 First Floor Circulation Pattern...............................................................................................................................30 Source: Author Fig 3.1.26 Third Floor Circulation Pattern.............................................................................................................................30 Source: Author Fig 3.1.27 Graphical analysis of the program......................................................................................................................31 Source: Author Fig 3.2.1 Select City Walk..........................................................................................................................................................32 Source: https://lbb.in/delhi/entertainment-select-city-walk-mall-guide/
Fig 3.2.2 Delhi City Map..............................................................................................................................................................33 Source: https://snazzymaps.com/ Fig 3.2.3 Entrance of Selct City Walk.....................................................................................................................................33 Source: https://selectcitywalk.weebly.com/ Fig 3.2.4 Inside the Mall..............................................................................................................................................................33 Source: https://selectcitywalk.weebly.com/ Fig 3.2.5 Select City Walk Loaction........................................................................................................................................33 Source: https://snazzymaps.com/ Fig 3.2.6 Activity Area..................................................................................................................................................................33 Source:https://lbb.in/delhi/ Fig 3.2.7 Lower Ground floor Plan..........................................................................................................................................34 Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/ Fig 3.2.8 Ground floor Plan........................................................................................................................................................34 Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/ Fig 3.2.9 First floor Plan..............................................................................................................................................................35 Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/ Fig 3.2.10 Second floor Plan.....................................................................................................................................................35 Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/ Fig 3.2.11 Lower Ground Floor Circulation Pattern...........................................................................................................36 Source: Author Fig 3.2.12 First Floor Circulation Pattern...............................................................................................................................36 Source: Author Fig 3.2.13 Ground Floor Circulation Pattern.........................................................................................................................36 Source: Author Fig 3.2.14 Second Floor Circulation Pattern.........................................................................................................................36 Source: Author Fig 3.2.15 Graphical analysis of the program......................................................................................................................37 Source: Author Fig 3.3.1 Ahmedabad One Mall................................................................................................................................................38 Source: https://www.himkhoj.com/punjab/alpha-one-mall/ Fig 3.3.2 Ahmedabad City Map................................................................................................................................................39 Source: https://snazzymaps.com/ Fig 3.3.3 Ahmedabad One Mall................................................................................................................................................39 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/ Fig 3.3.4 Pedestrian Pathways..................................................................................................................................................39 Source: https://youtu.be/8dgPq1YOD4k Fig 3.3.5 Ahmedabad One Mall Loaction..............................................................................................................................39 Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Fig 3.3.6 Food Court.....................................................................................................................................................................39 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/ Fig 3.3.7 Upper Basement floor Plan.....................................................................................................................................40 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/ Fig 3.3.8 Ground floor Plan........................................................................................................................................................40 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/ Fig 3.3.9 First floor Plan..............................................................................................................................................................41 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/ Fig 3.3.10 Second floor Plan.....................................................................................................................................................41 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/ Fig 3.3.11 Third floor Plan..........................................................................................................................................................42 Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/ Fig 3.3.12 Horizontal Zoning.....................................................................................................................................................43 Source: Author Fig 3.3.13 Vertical Zoning...........................................................................................................................................................43 Source: Author Fig 3.3.14 Upper Basement Floor Circulation Pattern......................................................................................................44 Source: Author Fig 3.3.15 First Floor Circulation Pattern...............................................................................................................................44 Source: Author Fig 3.3.16 Fourth Floor Circulation Pattern..........................................................................................................................44 Source: Author Fig 3.3.17 Ground Floor Circulation Pattern.........................................................................................................................44 Source: Author Fig 3.3.18 Second Floor Circulation Pattern.........................................................................................................................44 Source: Author Fig 3.3.19 Graphical analysis of the program......................................................................................................................45 Source: Author Fig 4.1.1 Map indicating the location of the neighbouhood of the site.......................................................................50 Source: Author Fig 4.1.2 Keymap of Ahmedabad showing the locatio of the site................................................................................50 Source: Author Fig 4.2.1 Neighbourhood Reference of the Site..................................................................................................................51 Source: Author Fig 4.3.1 Neighbourhood Reference of the Site..................................................................................................................51 Source: Author Fig 4.4.1 Figure Ground...............................................................................................................................................................52 Source: Author
Fig 4.5.1 Landuse..........................................................................................................................................................................53 Source: Author Fig 4.6.1 Contextual Map of the Site showing Landmarks..............................................................................................54 Source: Author Fig 4.6.2 Marutidham Hanuman Mandir................................................................................................................................54 Source: https://rojnuamdavad.wordpress.com/2010/09/01/maruti-dham-hanuman-temple-sg-highway/ Fig 4.6.3 SGVP International School.......................................................................................................................................54 Source: https://www.edudwar.com/sgvp-international-school/ Fig 4.6.4 Vaishnodevi Tirthdham.............................................................................................................................................54 Source: https://www.holidify.com/places/ahmedabad/vaishnodevi-temple-sightseeing-1045.html Fig 4.6.5 Tirupati Balaji Temple................................................................................................................................................54 https://devdarshanapp.com/en/temples/Tirupati-Balaji-Temple/ChIJjYqKqsCCXjkRvgfZxLwEPzs Fig 4.6.6 Balaji Windpark Apartments..................................................................................................................................54 https://www.proptiger.com/ahmedabad/ Fig 4.6.7 Nirma University..........................................................................................................................................................54 https://design.nirmauni.ac.in/campuslife/ Fig 4.7.1 Noise................................................................................................................................................................................55 Source: Author Fig 4.7.2 Traffic pattern...............................................................................................................................................................55 Source: Author Fig 4.8.1 Site Dimensions...........................................................................................................................................................56 Source: Author Fig 4.8.2 FSI and Buildable Area..............................................................................................................................................56 Source: Author Fig 4.8.3 Hierarchy of Roads......................................................................................................................................................57 Source: Author Fig 4.8.4 Vegetation......................................................................................................................................................................57 Source: Author Fig 4.9.1 Maximum Temperatures...........................................................................................................................................58 Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233 Fig 4.9.2 Precipitation Amounts...............................................................................................................................................58 Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233 Fig 4.9.3 Wind Speed..................................................................................................................................................................59 Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233 Fig 4.9.4 Wind Rose.....................................................................................................................................................................59 Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233 Fig 4.10.1 West View..................................................................................................................................................................60 Source: Author
Fig 4.10.2 South View.................................................................................................................................................................60 Source: Author Fig 4.10.3 South-east View.......................................................................................................................................................60 Source: Author Fig 4.10.4 North View..................................................................................................................................................................60 Source: Author Fig 4.10.5 East View.....................................................................................................................................................................60 Source: Author Fig 5.1.1 Contemporary Retail Outlets..................................................................................................................................64 Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/thetupelochannel/7686302196 Fig 5.1.2 Movie Theatre...............................................................................................................................................................64 Source: https://entrepreneurship.babson.edu/the-future-of-film/ Fig 5.1.3 Art Gallery.....................................................................................................................................................................64 Source: https://www.wearegurgaon.com/best-art-galleries-gurgaon/ Fig 5.1.4 Restaurants and Eateries..........................................................................................................................................64 Source: https://www.lifestyleasia.com/ind/food-drink/dining/new-restaurants-in-kolkata-december-2019/ Fig 5.1.5 Amphitheatre................................................................................................................................................................64 Source: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysuru/mysuru-gets-a-new-amphitheatre-at-the-zoo/ Fig 5.1.6 Lively Public Spaces...................................................................................................................................................64 Source: https://www.archdaily.com/783748/5-steps-to-creating-high-performance-communities Fig 6.1.1 Well-linked Spaces.....................................................................................................................................................70 Source: Author Fig 6.1.2 Versatile Spaces..........................................................................................................................................................70 Source: Author Fig 6.1.3 Fusion of Spaces..........................................................................................................................................................71 Source: Author Fig 6.1.4 Versatile Spaces..........................................................................................................................................................71 Source: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/ Fig 6.2.1 Hierarchy of Spaces....................................................................................................................................................72 Source: Author Fig 6.2.2 Multiple Entry Points..................................................................................................................................................72 Source: Author Fig 6.2.3 Final Zoning of the Site.............................................................................................................................................73 Source: Author Fig 6.3.1 Axis..................................................................................................................................................................................74 Source: Author Fig 6.3.2 Creating Mass...............................................................................................................................................................74 Source: Author
Fig 6.3.3 Connecting.....................................................................................................................................................................75 Source: Author Fig 6.3.4 Final Design..................................................................................................................................................................75 Source: Author Fig 7.1.1 Ground Floor Site Layout..........................................................................................................................................79 Source: Author Fig 7.2.1 First Floor Site Layout................................................................................................................................................81 Source: Author Fig 7.3.1 Second Floor Site Layout..........................................................................................................................................83 Source: Author Fig 7.4.1 Site Section A...............................................................................................................................................................85 Source: Author Fig 7.5.1 Site Section B................................................................................................................................................................87 Source: Author Fig 7.6.1 Block-A Ground Floor Plan......................................................................................................................................89 Source: Author Fig 7.7.1 Block-A First Floor Plan............................................................................................................................................91 Source: Author Fig 7.8.1 Block-A Second Floor Plan......................................................................................................................................93 Source: Author Fig 7.9.1 Block-A Second Floor Plan......................................................................................................................................95 Source: Author Fig 7.10.1 Block-A Section A....................................................................................................................................................97 Source: Author Fig 7.11.1 Block-A Section B.....................................................................................................................................................99 Source: Author Fig 7.12.1 Block-B Ground Floor Plan................................................................................................................................. 101 Source: Author Fig 7.13.1 Block-B First Floor Plan....................................................................................................................................... 103 Source: Author Fig 7.14.1 Block-B Second Floor Plan.................................................................................................................................. 105 Source: Author Fig 7.15.1 Block-B Section A................................................................................................................................................... 107 Source: Author Fig 7.16.1 Block-B Section B................................................................................................................................................... 109 Source: Author Fig 7.14.1 Upper level Basement Plan................................................................................................................................ 111 Source: Author
Fig 7.14.1 Lower level Basement Plan................................................................................................................................ 113 Source: Author Fig 7.17.1 View of people shopping inside Block- A (Mall-in-mall).......................................................................... 114 Source: Author Fig 7.17.2 View of the Central Atrium inside Block- A (Mall-in-mall)...................................................................... 114 Source: Author Fig 7.17.3 View inside Block- A (Mall-in-mall)................................................................................................................. 115 Source: Author Fig 7.17.4 Central Plaza at the City Centre........................................................................................................................ 115 Source: Author Fig 7.17.5 Arcade inside Block B........................................................................................................................................... 116 Source: Author Fig 7.17.6 Arcade overooking the central Atrium............................................................................................................. 116 Source: Author Fig 7.17.3 Service Apartment................................................................................................................................................. 117 Source: Author Fig 7.17.4 Overloking the Central Atrium in Block- A.................................................................................................... 117 Source: Author Fig 7.17.6 Isometric 3D of the site......................................................................................................................................... 119 Source: Author
Introduction • What is a City Centre? • Need of the Project • Aim • Vision • Objectives • Methodology
01
Chapter
What is a City Centre? City Centre is a space which is the amalgamation of commercial, social and cultural activities. Urban city centres cater to diverse user groups having different needs may it be- social, commercial, recreational or entertainment. It is in a broad sense a shopping centre but with enhanced features and activities. Initially, a shopping centre meant a place where we can shop and sell but, in today’s scenario, the meaning has a much more broad sense, it is rather seen as a place where a day out can be planned. It is a place where families and individuals like to spend their weekends enjoying, eating and shopping. The idea behind the thesis proposition was to fuse together the conventional city centres with the contemporay ones keeping in mind the context and culture of the city. The conventional essence which can be seen in the pol market was meant to be partially captured in this thesis.
Fig 1.1.1 Conventional Source: Author
City Centre Fig 1.1.2 Cultural Source: Author
Fig 1.1.3 Contemporary Source: Author
02 | Introduction
Need of the Project A new approach is needed in the designing of shopping centres. Conventional shopping streets are of a very vibrant and active nature to date. But it has to face many problems like congestion, no proper pedestrian spaces, not enough parking spaces. The conventional Shopping malls in India have restricted their area of selling to major international and National brands, which makes the goods sold there a bit more expensive. Also it lacks the vibrancy of the street shopping
Fig 1.2.1 Conventional Shopping Streets Source: Author
In metropolitan cities like Ahmedabad, the necessity of such a space which is vibrant, inviting for everyone to spend and enjoy their day in the weekends or after a tiresome day at work is immense. Therefore, a space is needed where all can enjoy, which has both local and major brands and which includes activities for recreational purpose. City Centre is a compact place where all the needs of the people are satisfied with the provision of a large range of options. It is also profitable for the business running there as people with different motives to visit the place might get interested in their products and buy commodities. Also as a lot of people visit the place, every business there gets advertised to the people.
Fig 1.2.2 Conventional Shopping Malls Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inside_Garuda_Mall,_Bangalore.jpg
Fig 1.2.3 Fusion of conventional Shopping Streets and Malls Source: https://www.archdaily.com/804628/marine-gatewayperkins-plus-will
Introduction | 03
Fig 1.3.1 Mega Foodwalk / FOS Source: https://www.archdaily.com/894133/mega-foodwalk-fos
Aim To create an intriguing and dynamic space which can be perceived as a landmark and satisfies commercial and social needs of the neighbourhood
Vision To rethink the currently conceived concept of City Centers as an equitable and public oriented space for all with various multi-disciplinary activities
Objectives • To study the origin, existing scenario and future interpretations of a city center. • To observe various issues faced by the existing city centers and discover ways to resolve those issues with design interventions. • To explore and analyze the outcomes of design due to amalgamation of different activities. • To revive the collectiveness of a space, which is lost in today’s times through design. • To integrate the essence of traditional retail spaces, food eateries and corporate spaces with the contemporary design, keeping in mind the need of current and future times.
Introduction | 05
Methodology
Research and Analysis
Identifying the need of the Project
Site Identification
Case Studies
06 |
• Literature Review • Importance of Public Space • Balance between Commercial & Recreational Spaces • Study of Context, its Culture and the user group
Final Design Derivation • Area Program Derivation • Concept Design • Analysing the need of the usergroup • Analysing the pros and cons from casestudies and implication of it in th design
| 07
Research and Analysis • Public Spaces and its Importance • What makes a Public Place “Public”? • Evolution Of City Centres • Evolution Of City Centres: Ahmedabad • Rethinking the Concept of City Centres
02
Chapter
Public Spaces and its Importance Humans have always been identified as social animals. People may lead solitary lives at times but eventually, they need social interaction with other people and the surrounding environment. Public spaces, especially in a city, are those places where the people come together to interact with the city. Public spaces also facilitate leisure activities and promote a healthy urban life. Marketplaces, City Squares, Parks, Civic Buildings, even sidewalks and streets, and transport hubs are all various examples of Public spaces (Shivagunde, 2021). Human life and Architecture have been symbiotic partners in each other’s evolutionary growth through the ages. Both these components have had an actionreaction relationship at every change and turn. Irrespective of the functional aspects of Architecture and its genesis, it has always been designed as spatial storytelling to mediate human knowledge of the world. The evolution of architecture now surrounds human habits more consistently such that, even the creation and absence of a single wall can predict and induce certain human activities. Working hand-in-hand with the ever-advancing technology of present times, Architecture tries to cater to human needs in a larger picture (Shivagunde, 2021).
Fig 2.1.1 Symbiotic relationship between Human and Architecture Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/a3361-culture-and-urbanism-a-timeline-of-turning-points/
10 | Research and Analysis
It seems like designers and planners have been in the pursuit of perfection until the late 20th century. It was not until very recently that designers have paid attention to culture as a governing force in planning. Designers have largely been self-indulgent, (which applies for any creative professional), striving to construct perfect forms and primarily satisfying their own grandiose agendas. But at the behest of neglecting the cultural context? The advent of participatory planning has elevated citizens’ knowledge about how much power they yield. Digital culture and media have raised the consciousness of citizens through rapid sharing of information, forming an ecosystem where culture is a necessity. Spatially, culture serves as a much-needed escape from the “madding crowd” (Viswanath, 2021). While public architecture universally seeks to cultivate public interaction, the lack of an individualistic personality leads to a stale and stagnant space – a mindless repetition with no vitality. A downside of modern architecture is the ‘created labels’ for public architecture where every mall has an atrium and every city has a botanic garden. What makes these spaces distinct and enjoyably sustaining, in the long run, would be the unique character and connection they hold to the cultural context. While public spaces are generally designed for communal use, the aspect of ‘interaction’ seems long forgotten. Architects like Jan Gehl have brought the issue to the surface showing how small changes like seating orientation and size could have a large impact on the way the users interact (Jeffrey, 2021).
Fig 2.1.2 Cultural Public Spaces Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
Fig 2.1.3 Interactive spaces- Fostering human connection Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
Public Spaces and its Importance | 11
What makes a Public Place “Public”? In the 1960s, authors such as Jane Jacobs and William H. Whyte introduced ideas that became the basis for the development of placemaking as a concept, even though it became consolidated only decades later. Their vision towards the creation of active neighborhoods, welcoming public spaces, and cities that actually meet the needs of their inhabitants on different levels were some of the main contributions to the establishment of this concept later SUPPORT on (Moreira S., 2021). SOCIAL & INTERACTION Placemaking shows that the creation of places transcends the material dimension and involves aspects such as sociability, uses, activities, access, connections, comfort, and image, to create bonds between people and a sense of place.As Jan Gehl says“Culture and Climate differ all over the world, but people are the same; they will gather in public if you give them a good place to do it.”
WHAT MAKES A GREAT PLACE?
Fig 2.2.1 Elements of making a great public place Source: https://www.placemakingweek.org/
are also associated with premature mortality) the fastest growing household type in the 12are | Research and Analysis 7 United States. Growing evidence is showing how placemaking efforts work to build social capital, generating what the James L. Knight Foun-
(opportunities for social interaction and citizen caring); (2) Openness (how welcoming a place is); and (3) Aesthetics (its physical beauty and green spaces). These qualities mirror those that PPS uses in defining a “great place” (see diagram above). Notably, the Soul of the Com-
While public architecture universally seeks to cultivate public interaction, the lack of an individualistic personality leads to a stale and stagnant space – a mindless repetition with no vitality. A downside of modern architecture is the ‘created labels’ for public architecture where every mall has an atrium and every city has a botanic garden. What makes these spaces distinct and enjoyably sustaining, in the long run, would be the unique character and connection they hold to the cultural context W Thanks to modern inventions, differently abled people can live and move independently. It is therefore imperative that public places are inclusive and easily accessible for such people. While newly created spaces are designed with their needs in mind (Jeffrey, 2021). People with disabilities(PwDs) are an important part of society. And now that they are getting equal opportunities as the abled, it is necessary to take their needs and necessities into account while designing. As architects, barrier free design is not the only option, very few spaces are designed which cater to the needs of deaf and blind peoples. Fews parameters are needed to be considered while designing the spaces (Modi, 2021).
Fig 2.2.2 Community Public Spaces Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
‘Architects can’t force people to connect, it can only plan the crossing points, remove barriers and make the meeting places useful and attractive.” – Denise Scott
Fig 2.2.3 Neighbouhood Public Spaces Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
What makes a Public Place “Public”? | 13
Evolution of City Centres (Chitnis, 2021)
Public spaces cannot be categorized as homogeneous spaces as they depend on different functions like social, cultural, economic as well as symbolic and also on the meanings which are given by the different public. Hence, the meaning and form of public space are not fixed as they change with the change in the dynamics of society. Moreover, public spaces are the spaces that lead to the making of a city as the availability of admirable public space defines the character of the city. Likewise, it also represents the evolution and development of the urban fabric. Throughout the history public spaces have played a vital role in forming a city centre and has become a integral part of the city centre. Below we can see how City Centres have evolved through years in the whole world with public spaces as their integral part.
01.The Greek Agora The Greek Agora was located in the center of the polis and was also the focal point of the town which functioned as a market as well as gathering space for the political assembly. Thus, it had social, political as well as economic importance. It also acted as a formal and informal meeting space for the citizens. Fig 2.3.1 The Greek Agora Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
02.The Roman Forum The functions of the Greek acropolis and agora were brought together in “forum” during the Roman Empire. It was a contained, semi-enclosed, and open space where commerce, religious and political activities, athletics, and informal meetings were carried out. The forum was a public space dominated by the citizens in the same way as Agora. 14 | Research and Analysis
Fig 2.3.2 The Roman Forum Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
03.The Medieval Market Square 04. The Renaissance Plaza
Fig 2.3.3 The Medieval Market Spaces Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
Fig 2.3.5 The Renaissance Plaza Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
The marketplace was first evolved around The Renaissance Plaza contained the 11th century and became a crucial important buildings like the cathedral, public space during medieval times. the town hall, etc. It was a place where people gathered and public celebrations took place.
05.Public Space in Modern Era 06. Contemporary Spaces
Fig 2.3.4 Public Space in Modern Era Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
Fig 2.3.6 Contemparary Public Spaces Source: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/
During the 19th century, new places emerged which were considered important social as well as public spaces, like shopping arcade, shopping street, bazaar, and department store.
A new form of City Centres emerged, i.e., the shopping malls. They are fully enclosed as well as totally pedestrian in a controlled environment with adequate parking facilities and multi-functions. Evoltion of City Centres | 15
Evolution of City Centres: Ahmedabad A Case of Ahmedabad
Fig 2.4.1 Ahmedabad Old City Market Source: https://www.holidify.com/pages/
Fig 2.4.4 Law Garden Source: https://www.dsource.in/gallery/law-garden
Fig 2.4.2 Ashram Road Source: https://www.gujaratheadline.com/
Fig 2.4.5 C.G. Road Source: https://www.hcp.co.in/project/c-g-road-redevelopment
Fig 2.4.3 Vastrapur Lake Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastrapur
Fig 2.4.6 Sindhubhavan Road Source: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/
16 | Research and Analysis
Existing City Centres Void Scope Fig 2.4.7 Evolution Of City Centres Source: Author
Evoltion of City Centres: Ahmedabad | 17
Rethinking the Concept of City Centres (ERGUN KOCAİLİ B., 2010)
In the beginning of the history of shopping places, the shopping activity took place in open public spaces with other urban and public functions and activities of the city, like ancient Greek Agora or Roman Forum. After centuries, the enclosed shopping mall separated urbanity and shopping activity from each other. These fully-enclosed and environmentally controlled consumption spaces reinterpreted the urban fabric to simulate a city image and a street-like atmosphere indoors. Inside the walls a new city was created, where people shop, eat, entertain, and even sleep, get married or have college education as in the example of the Mall of America. Today, urban fabric and shopping mall integration is becoming more important. Open space and sustainable design for shopping malls are the rising trends in the world. So, the existing shopping malls are opening, integrating with urban fabric and continually updating themselves to compete with the emerging shopping places. This recent regeneration trend is called ‘De-malling’ in the world.
Fig 2.5.1 Shanghai Greenland Center / Nikken Sekkei Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
18 | Research and Analysis
This is an interesting dilemma that; shopping malls are profit-oriented private properties, on the other hand, one can spend a whole day in it without doing any shopping. So, that’s why shopping malls are new public spaces. Shopping malls become public magnets. People like to spend their leisure time at shopping malls. Even, when tourists come from out-of-town or from another country, they mostly visit popular shopping malls. Though the shopping malls are mostly expected as urban public spaces, the regeneration of a shopping mall is not only a ‘one building issue’; it must be considered as an urban issue also. Pedestrian access is one of the important aspects of integration, which forms a continuous street life from the urban fabric through the shopping mall. The degree of urban public space quality of a shopping mall directly affects its success; either the urbanity is reinterpreted inside the shopping mall or in case of integration of urban fabric and shopping mall. The historical evolution of shopping places has been a very long journey with all incredible transformations, innovations and influences. Starting with the ancient open market places, the shopping environment has always been defined as a public space and an urban area not only for trade but also for communication. Eventually, the shopping place became a fully enclosed and environmentally controlled space with the suburban mall, which was initiated as an urban center but remained detached in application in many examples before its developed contemporary followers.
Fig 2.5.2 Parque Toreo Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
Fig 2.5.3 Groove @ Central World Source: https://www.archdaily.com/
Rethinking the Concept of City Centres | 19
Case Studies • Salt Lake City Centre • Select City Walk • Ahmedabad One Mall • Comparative Analysis
03
Chapter
Salt Lake City Centre Kolkata, West Bengal
Fig 3.1.1 Entrance Plaza Of Salt Lake City Centre Source: Author
Location: Kolkata, West Bengal, India Architect: Charles Correa Client: Ambuja Neotia Group
Planning: Cluster
Completion: 2004
Building Typology: Mixed-use building
Site Area: 10,700 sq.m.
Climate: Warm and Humid
Builtup Area: 50,400 sq.m.
Parking: 800 Cars
Charles Correa designed the Salt Lake City Centre to be a fusion of typical Indian Markets and up-scale shopping malls. It broke the stereotype of typical Indian Malls by designing a space that is inviting to all classes of society due to its range of retail spaces and open public spaces where people could rest and enjoy the chaos. The City Centre is a mixed-use design that constitutes of a variety of spaces- highend shops and boutiques, local brands, restaurants, cafe, banquet hall, Multiplex cinema, Spa and salon, Offices, Hospital and Residence. It is designed in clusters with free flowing seamless spaces from open to close and from air-conditioned to non airconditioned spaces. It is inviting to people from all the sides of the site. 22 | Case Studies
Location
Fig 3.1.2 Kolkata City Map Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Fig 3.1.5 City Centre Loaction Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Characteristics Of the City Centre
Fig 3.1.3 Arcade of the City Centre Source: Author
Fig 3.1.4 Entrance near Tram Gate Source: Author
Fig 3.1.6 Arcade of the City Centre Source: Author
Fusion of Mall and Bazaar
Inviting Spaces
Open Format Salt Lake City Centre | 23
Spaces
Fig 3.1.7 Entrance Plaza towards The Kund Source: Author
Fig 3.1.8 Mall within Mall Source: Author
Fig 3.1.9 Parking Space Source: Author
24 | Case Studies
Fig 3.1.11 Urban edge Source: Author
Fig 3.1.10 Informal Public Plaza with Kund at the Centre Source: Author
Fig 3.1.12 Shopping Arcade Source: Author
Zoning Horizontal Distribution Of Spaces All the clusters are connected through passages, thus connecting all the indoor and outdoor spaces throughout the site. The ends of these passages are secured with Anchor Stores- anchor store in the mall within mall, small anchor store at front and a multiplex cinema at the rear end of the site.
Anchor Stores
Public Use
Stores
Open Space
Services
Fig 3.1.13 Horizontal Zoning Source: Author
Vertical Distribution Of Spaces The Architect has played with levels throughout the site. The front areas are designed to be public space while the rear areas are designed to Anchor stores. An open public space is given at the entry which is directly on first floor with a kund in the middle. Other is given integrated with open cafes and restaurants on the 3rd floor.
Third floor
Second floor
First floor
Ground floor Anchor Stores
Public Use
Stores Fig 3.1.14 Vertical Zoning Source: Author
Salt Lake City Centre | 25
Plans
Fig 3.1.15 Ground floor Plan Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre
Fig 3.1.16 First floor Plan Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre
26 | Case Studies
Plans
Fig 3.1.17 Second floor Plan Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre
Fig 3.1.18 Third floor Plan Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre
Salt Lake City Centre | 27
Plans
Fig 3.1.19 Fourth floor Plan Source: Administration, Salt Lake City Centre
Legends Books/ Cards/ Photo/ Gallery
Super Market
Sweets/ Icecream
Toys/ Children Interest
Entertainment
Watches
Jewellery
Gift Shops
Household Items
Furniture & Fixtures
Ladies Fashion
Electronics
Leather Luggage
Car Accessories
Lingere
Phones
Men’s FashionW
Music
Opticians/ Sunglasses
Salon
Restaurant/ Cafe/ Food Speciality
Banquet Hall
Shoes
Hospital/ Medical Facilities
Anchor Store
28 | Case Studies
Schematic Sections Kund
Block A
Block B
Fig 3.1.20 Section A through the Kund Source: Author Block A
Block B
Kund
Block E
Fig 3.1.21 Section A through the Kund Source: Author
Charles Correa played beautifully with levels in his design which can be seen through the schematic sections shown above. The play of light and shadow throughout the day gives an intriguing experience throughout the day.
Salt Lake City Centre | 29
Circulation Pattern
Fig 3.1.22 Ground Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.1.25 First Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.1.23 Second Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.1.26 Third Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.1.24 Fourth Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
30 | Case Studies
Anchor
Circulation
Stores
Vertical Movement
Terraces
Services
Program Analysis Major area(48%) of the Salt Lake City Centre comprises of the retail spaces while the other 48% comprises of other functions such as- offices, foodcourt, entertainment and banquet. All the project components are set apart and yet kept interconnected through the play of levels in design. The retail stores and mall-within-mall are designed on the lower floors while offices, restaurants, banquet are designed to be on the upper floors.
05%
02%
08%
14% 48%
19%
Retail
Food Court
Banquet
Offices
Entertainment
Admin
Fig 3.1.27 Graphical analysis of the program Source: Author
Inferences • Salt Lake City Centre has given a vibrant texture to today’s typical known malls or commercial complex by integrating market like spaces in the design. • The architect has very proficiently captured the essence of the Kolkata city into his design making it a space meant for the people of the city. • The edges of the site does not have any boundary walls and the mall can be entered from any side of the site which gives a welcoming sense to the City Centre.It has a total of 12 gates- 10 for entry and 2 for exit. • The City Centre is designed by strategically keeping the kund as the centre. The space around the kund is very lively and connected to the road, thus inviting people inside.
Salt Lake City Centre | 31
Select City Walk Saket, New Delhi
Fig 3.2.1 Select City Walk Source: https://lbb.in/delhi/entertainment-select-city-walk-mall-guide/
Location: Saket, New Delhi, India Architect: Tevatia Chauha Client: Select Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.
Planning: Linear
Completion: 2007
Building Typology: Mixed-use building
Site Area: 15,884.5 sq.m.
Climate: Composite
Builtup Area: 62,862.32 sq.m.
Parking: 1200 Cars
Select City Walk is a vibrant and active Mall in Delhi. It is a large scale amalgamation of various public-oriented functions like retail shops, theatres, shopping alleys, green spaces, etc., which all goes hand in hand with each other. Select City Walk is a huge upscale project acting as a large urban hub for active and lively public actives where people cherish and enjoy spending their time doing various activities of their choice. It houses many international and local brands. The Select City comprises of 8 anchor stores and around 200 retail outlets. The major anchor of the mall in in the South Delhi but people all over from the Delhi NCR visits the mall. The open plaza caters to a variety of activities that happen in the mall. 32 | Case Studies
Location
Fig 3.2.2 Delhi City Map Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Fig 3.2.5 Select City Walk Loaction Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Characteristics Of the City Centre
Fig 3.2.3 Entrance of Selct City Walk Fig 3.2.4 Inside the Mall Fig 3.2.6 Activity Area Source: https://selectcitywalk.weebly.com/ Source: https://selectcitywalk.weebly.com/ Source:https://lbb.in/delhi/
Grand Welcoming Entrance Active Shopping Spaces
Open Space for Activities Select City Walk | 33
Plans
Fig 3.2.7 Lower Ground floor Plan Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/
Fig 3.2.8 Ground floor Plan Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/
34 | Case Studies
Plans
Fig 3.2.9 First floor Plan Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/
Fig 3.2.10 Second floor Plan Source: https://www.selectcitywalk.com/
Select City Walk | 35
Circulation Pattern
Fig 3.2.11 Lower Ground Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.2.13 Ground Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.2.12 First Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.2.14 Second Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Anchor
Circulation
Stores
Vertical Movement
Terraces
36 | Case Studies
Program Analysis Majority of the area(40%) comprises of retail spaces of which 30% are the anchor stores and remaining 70% are the retail outlets. The Mall has approximately 200 retail outlets. Function meant for enjoyment other than commercial retail outlets have almost the same area as that of the commercial spaces. Thus a proper balance of public and commercial spaces is seen here. The open urban public plaza hosts several activities around the year.
10%
15%
40%
15%
20%
Retail
Entertainment
Recreational
Services
FoodCourt
Fig 3.2.15 Graphical analysis of the program Source: Author
Inferences • Select City Walk stands out as a place for all as it houses a variety of brands due to its design. The Mall houses some very luxurious brands while the flea market has local stores. • The Plaza in the front is very well integrated with the mall inside which makes it a live active area. • The whole area is kept pedestrianized by not bringing the roads inside which creates a safe pedestrian-friendly space for the people. • The Mall is well sufficed with areas dedicated for various events to take place giving it a versatile essence. • The services and service area are well-designed to be hassle free area which is well sufficient for the vendors.
Select City Walk | 37
Ahmedabad One Mall Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Fig 3.3.1 Ahmedabad One Mall Source: https://www.himkhoj.com/punjab/alpha-one-mall/
Location: Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India Architect: ARCOP Client: Alpha G:Corp
Planning: Linear
Completion: 2011
Building Typology: Mixed-use building
Site Area: 28,500 sq.m.
Climate: Hot, Semi-Arid Climate
Builtup Area: 46817.65 sq.m.
Parking: 1,200 cars
Ahmedabad One Mall, formerly known as Alpha One Mall, has been the largest mall in Ahmedabad city for the past decade. It is a mixed-use development that comprises retail stores, restaurants, food court, 6-screen multiplex cinema, entertainment zones and a luxurious 5-star Hotel. It has three anchor stores and over 200 retail stores. The mall has an average footfall of 34,000 on weekdays and 65,000 on weekends. Over the past decade, there have been quite a lot of changes in the mall, but even though it has not seen any downfall in the daily footfall and still remains the busiest mall in the city.
38 | Case Studies
Location
Fig 3.3.2 Ahmedabad City Map Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Fig 3.3.5 Ahmedabad One Mall Loaction Source: https://snazzymaps.com/
Characteristics Of the City Centre
Fig 3.3.3 Ahmedabad One Mall Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/
Fig 3.3.4 Pedestrian Pathways Source: https://youtu.be/8dgPq1YOD4k
Fig 3.3.6 Food Court Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/
Percieved Landmark
Broad Pedestrian Pathways Eateries For Amdavadis Ahmedabad One Mall | 39
Plans
Fig 3.3.7 Upper Basement floor Plan Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/
Fig 3.3.8 Ground floor Plan Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/
40 | Case Studies
Plans
Fig 3.3.9 First floor Plan Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/
Fig 3.3.10 Second floor Plan Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/
Ahmedabad One Mall | 41
Plans
Fig 3.3.11 Third floor Plan Source: https://www.nexusmalls.com/AhmedabadOne/floor-plan/
Ahmedabad One Mall has visitors not only from the neighbourhood and the city but also from nearby cities for primarily the purpose of shopping or spending the day enjoying fun activities at the mall. The mall hosts various events ocassionally during festivals like Diwali, Christmas, etc. Many brands hosts events at the mall for publicity purpose. Recently Phase-II of the project is under construction which will add around 30 more brands to the existing ones. The promising footfall at the mall all year round lead to the extension of mall. This mall is a place for everyone and everything, it offers something to everyone no matter what their age is. Many people love to spend their weekend or a whole dayout at the mall engaging into various activities offered at the mall. Other than retail outlets, this place has Restaurants, Food Court, Gamezones, 5D Adventure, Cinema, Indoor Cricket, etc.
42 | Case Studies
Zoning Horizontal Distribution Of Spaces A linear distribution of space is seen here. The extreme two ends of the mall are secured with Anchor Stores and with stores in the middle. The open space at the centre is used for parking and has a peripherial road around it.
Anchor Stores
Services
Stores
Open Space
Fig 3.3.12 Horizontal Zoning Source: Author
Vertical Distribution Of Spaces The whole complex in degregated in terms of functions. Below floors have stores and anchor stores while the top floor has foodcourt, cinema multiplex, gamezones, food eateries, etc. The stores on the below floors are also segregated by the type of things the store sell for example, the first floor has stores for shoes and ground floor has more stores for apparel.
Third floor
Second floor
First floor
Anchor Stores
Ground floor Entertainment/ Food Court
Stores Fig 3.3.13 Vertical Zoning Source: Author
Ahmedabad One Mall | 43
Circulation Pattern
Fig 3.3.14 Upper Basement Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.3.17 Ground Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.3.15 First Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.3.18 Second Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
Fig 3.3.16 Fourth Floor Circulation Pattern Source: Author
44 | Case Studies
Anchor
Circulation
Stores
Vertical Movement
Program Analysis Ahmedabad One Mall is a highly commercialized mall and doeasn’t have much open or recreational space for public-use. Almost half of the area is occupied by retail outlets. Anchor stores comprises of a major area which is 28% of the total area. A total of 3 anchor storess, 210 stores and 55 kiosks are there in the mall. The foodcourt has 15 outlets and provides siiting for 750+ people.
07% 07%
10% 48%
13%
15%
Retail
Services
FoodCourt
Entertainment
Recreational
Banquet
Fig 3.3.19 Graphical analysis of the program Source: Author
Inferences • Ahmedabad One Mall is dominant by commercialized spaces and doesn’t have enough open spaces which can be used by public for recreational activities. • Parking and vehicular circulation is very effectively designed to give a comfortable and enhanced experience to the visitors of the mall. But the road cut through the site which devoids the area of being vehicular friendly. • The entry and exit of the mall could have been designed keeping in mind the context as the roads on the periphery of the mall suffers from traffic congestion quite often especially on weekends. • Parking provided for the mall is not sufficient enough for the footfall at the mall. • The interior spaces of the mall is well designed with anchor stores at the two extreme ends and stores in the middle.
Ahmedabad One Mall | 45
Comparative Analysis Salt Lake City Centre
Architect City Completion Year Average Daily Footfall
Charles Correa
Kolkata 2004 18000/35000
Entry/ Exit Points
5/5
Entry/ Exit Points
5/5
Vehicular Movement
Restricted Peripherally
Pedestrian Movement
In and around the Kund
Parking Facility Components
Planning Vertical Movement No.of Floors
Table 3.3.1 Case Studies Comparative Analysis
46 | Case Studies
On Site and Around the site Retail Shops, Offices, Food Court, Multiplex, Public Plaza
Clustered Stairs and Lifts 05
Select City Walk
Ahmedabad One mall
Tevatia Chauhan
ARCOP
New Delhi
Ahmedabad
2007
2011
12,000 to 14,000/ 22,000 to 25,000
34,000/ 65,000
18/19
4/4
18/19
4/4
Restricted movement inside the site
Along the internal corridor
Along the internal corridor connecting to the plaza
Inside the mall
Basement Parking
Basement Parking
Retail Shops, Offices, Food Court, Amphitheatre, Multiplex, Service Apartments
Retail Shops, Food Court, Gamezone Multiplex, Hotel
Linear L-shaped
Linear L-shaped
Stairs, Lifts and Escalators
Stairs, Lifts and Escalators
07
07
Comparative Analysis | 47
Site Study • Location • Neighbourhood Context • Neighbourhood Zoning • Urban Grain Analysis • Land Use • Landmarks • Intangibles of the Site • Tangibles of the Site • Climate Analysis • View from the Site • SWOT
04
Chapter
Location
Khodiyar
Tragad
Charodi Fig 4.1.1 Map indicating the location of the neighbouhood of the site Source: Author
The site is located on the North-eastern part of Ahmedabad. It lies on the 200ft S.P. Ringroad near Vaishnodevi Circle. The Neighbouhood is currently developing and recently under the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC). It was priorly under Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority(AUDA). The neighbourhood is currently upcoming with many residential schemes. It is a very important node connecting Ahmedabad to Adalaj, Gandhinagar, Mehsana and Gift City. Also it is just 20 min from Ahmedabad Airport. 50 | Site Study
Fig 4.1.2 Keymap of Ahmedabad showing the locatio of the site Source: Author
Neighbourhood Context S.G. Highway
S.P. Ringroad Site
Malabar County Rd
Fig 4.2.1 Neighbourhood Reference of the Site Source: Author
Neighbourhood Zoning
R2 Zone
R1 Zone
R1 Zone
R1 Zone
Fig 4.3.1 Neighbourhood Reference of the Site Source: Author
Site Study | 51
Urban Grain Analysis
Site
Fig 4.4.1 Figure Ground Source: Author
Roads Open Built
This neighbourhood is still at its developing stage and hence doesn’t have much builtup and maximum plots are vacant. But many new built schemes have come up and are in the process of coming up in this neighbourhood. 52 | Site Study
Land Use
Fig 4.5.1 Landuse Source: Author
Private
Residential
Playground/ Garden
Commercial
Water body
Social Infrastructure S. & E.W.S.H.
Majiority of the plots are private and have comeup with residential schemes which are newly built or under construction. There is a lack of commercial and recreational amenities in the neighbouhood. Site Study | 53
Landmarks Marutidham Hanuman Mandir
Vaishnodevi Tirthdham
Site
Balaji Windpark
SGVP International School
Nirma University
Tirupati Balaji Temple Fig 4.6.1 Contextual Map of the Site showing Landmarks Source: Author
Fig 4.6.2 Marutidham Hanuman Mandir Source: https://rojnuamdavad.wordpress. com/2010/09/01/maruti-dham-hanuman-temple-sg-highway/
Fig 4.6.4 Vaishnodevi Tirthdham Source: https://www.holidify.com/places/ ahmedabad/vaishnodevi-temple-sightseeing-1045.html
Fig 4.6.6 Balaji Windpark Apartments https://www.proptiger.com/ahmedabad/
Fig 4.6.3 SGVP International School Source: https://www.edudwar.com/ sgvp-international-school/
Fig 4.6.5 Tirupati Balaji Temple https://devdarshanapp.com/en/temples/ Tirupati-Balaji-Temple/ChIJjYqKqsCCXjkRvgfZxLwEPzs
Fig 4.6.7 Nirma University https://design.nirmauni.ac.in/campuslife/
54 | Site Study
Intangibles of the Site Noise Major noise disturbance can be experienced due to the traffic on the main road i.e., S.P. Ringroad. There is a partyplot adjacent to the upper right corner of the site which may cause noise disturbance during any event.
Fig 4.7.1 Noise Source: Author
Traffic pattern
Light Tra ffic
The main road being a ring road experiences high traffic throughout the day while the secondary road experiences mild traffic by the people staying nearby and often by the visitors of the party plot near to the site. The tertiary road doesn’t seem to have much vehicular movements as of now. Heav y Tra
ffic
Fig 4.7.2 Traffic pattern Source: Author
Site Study | 55
Tangibles of the Site Boundaries and Site Area
31.25 m 2.9 ha
238.61 m
127.6 m
107.82 m
110.2 m
It is a L-shaped site with one long side and 2 short sides connected to the road and other 3 sides are common with adjacent plots. The total area of the site is 2.9 ha.
139.68 m
Fig 4.8.1 Site Dimensions Source: Author
GDCR Guidelines
FSI = 2m
9m
Fig 4.8.2 FSI and Buildable Area Source: Author
56 | Site Study
7.5 m
4.5 m
4.5 m
4.5 m
As the site lies o the 200 ft S.P. Ringroad, the FSI of the site is 2. Therefore the total buildable area is 58,000 sq.m. According to GDCR the margin to be left is 9m from the S.P. Ringroad, 7m from the right edge of the site and 4.5m from all other sides.
Hierarchy of Roads The site has a benefit of having its 3 sides adjacent to the road of different hierarchies. The S.P. Ringroad is the main road upfront on the site. The road on the right of the site is a secondary roand and the one on the top is a tertiary road.
60 ft Roa
80 ft Roa
d
d
200 ft S.P. Ring roa
d
Fig 4.8.3 Hierarchy of Roads Source: Author
Vegetation Very light vegetation can be seen on the site. A few neem trees exist on the site which are marked respectively. Apart from this some wild plants(baaval) have grown which will need to be removed before making any use of the site.
Fig 4.8.4 Vegetation Source: Author
Tangibles of the site | 57
Climate Analysis Maximum Temperatures
Fig 4.9.1 Maximum Temperatures Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233
The maximum temperature diagram for Ahmedabad displays how many days per month reach certain temperatures.
Precipitation Amounts
Fig 4.9.2 Precipitation Amounts Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233
The precipitation diagram for Ahmedabad shows on how many days per month, certain precipitation amounts are reached. In tropical and monsoon climates, the amounts may be underestimated. 58 | Site Study
Wind Analysis
Fig 4.9.3 Wind Speed Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233
The diagram shows the days per month, during which the wind reaches a certain speed.
Fig 4.9.4 Wind Rose Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/ahmedabad_india_1279233
Climate Analysis | 59
Views from the Site
Fig 4.10.4 North View Source: Author
Fig 4.10.5 East View Source: Author
Fig 4.10.1 West View Source: Author
Fig 4.10.3 South-east View Source: Author
Fig 4.10.2 South View Source: Author
60 | Site Study
SWOT Strength • Site is connected to the 200ft S.P. RIngroad. • The Site is 20 min from the Airport. • The Site is near an important node- Vaishnodevi Circle which links Ahmedabad with Gandhinagar, GIFT City and Mehsana. • The neighbourhood is majorly dominated by residential buildings and has high demand for Such project.
Weakness • The population of the neighbourhood is very low as of now. • The location of site is on the outskirts. • One of the road adjacent to the site is very narrow.
Opportunities • The neighbourhood is currently in its developing stage. • Major residential projects are newly built there is a lack of space for commercial and recreational activity in the neighbourhood.
Threats • The traffic for the partyplot and from the visitors of the City Centre might create congestion.
Site Study | 61
Area Program Derivation • Proposed Program • Area Statement
05
Chapter
Proposed Program
Fig 5.1.1 Contemporary Retail Outlets Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/thetupelochannel/7686302196
Fig 5.1.4 Restaurants and Eateries Source: https://www.lifestyleasia.com/ind/food-drink/dining/ new-restaurants-in-kolkata-december-2019/
Fig 5.1.2 Movie Theatre Source: https://entrepreneurship.babson.edu/the-future-of-film/
Fig 5.1.5 Amphitheatre Source: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysuru/mysurugets-a-new-amphitheatre-at-the-zoo/
Fig 5.1.3 Art Gallery Source: https://www.wearegurgaon.com/best-art-galleries-gurgaon/
Fig 5.1.6 Lively Public Spaces Source: https://www.archdaily.com/783748/5-steps-to-creating-high-performance-communities
64 | Area Program Derivation
Area Statement RETAIL No. of units Anchor Stores
2
Total Area Range (SQ. Average Area (SQ.M.) M.) 4000-6000
5000
Billing Counter Trial Rooms Baggage Counter Storage Area Unloading Area Shopping Area Display Area Escalators/Staircases
10000 Retail Outlets
50-120
50-150
100
Billing Counter Trial Rooms (Optional) Storage Area Display Area Shopping Area
8500 Kiosks
20
9
180
22,680 EATERIES No. of units Food Court
Total Area Range (SQ. Average Area (SQ.M.) M.)
15-20
3000-4000
3500
5-10
100-500
300
Outlets Billing Counter Seating Area
Restaurants Kitchen Sitting Area Washroom Waiting Area Billing Counter
2250
Area Program Derivation | 65
800 Kiosks
5
9
45
6,600 ENTERTAINMENT No. of units Multiplex
4(screens)
Total Area Range (SQ. Average Area (SQ.M.) M.) 200-400
300
Screens Ticket Counter Food & Beverages Counter Toilets Lounge area (Waiting area ) Box Office
4000
750 Art Gallery
1
Reception Lobby Toilets Exhibition Space
500
5,250 SERVICE APARTMENT No. of units 1BHK Studio Apartments Kitchenette Bedroom Hall Toilet Reception Lounge and Waiting Area Laundry Room
66 | Area Program Derivation
120
Total Area Range (SQ. Average Area (SQ.M.) M.) 50-100
75
Breakfast Area Sitting Buffet Area Toilet Kitchen Storage Elevators/Staircases IT Room Amenities
9,000 SERVICES No. of units Mechanical/ Electrical Room
Total Area Range (SQ. Average Area (SQ.M.) M.)
5+1
10 & 60
110
Storage Area
5
15
75
CCTV Room
1
100
100
10
75
800
Admin & Office Area
1
500
500
Bank(ATM)
1
10
10
Drinking Water Area Toilets Fire Services HVAC Water Supply Water Storage Overhead Water Tank
Drainage
1,600
TOTAL
ANALYSED
BUILTUP
56130 sq.m.
Table 5.2.1 Area Statement
Area Program Derivation | 67
Design Derivation • Design Determinants • Zoning • Design Development
06
Chapter
Design Determinants Well-Linked Spaces A well functioning network connecting all the spaces in a live and attractive manner. There must be a seamless transition from one spaces to other.
Fig 6.1.1 Well-linked Spaces Source: Author
Versatile Spaces Versatility is very important in public spaces. Having choice of varied spaces and varied experience at a single space attracts a large user group.
Fig 6.1.2 Versatile Spaces Source: Author
70 | Design Derivation
Fusion of Spaces The fusion of spaces means the integration of spaces with cultural identity such as haat with contemporary spaces such as malls.
Fig 6.1.3 Fusion of Spaces Source: Author
Inviting Spaces for All A public space must be accessible by all no matter what their physical state is. Provision of ramps in addition to elevators are advised.
Fig 6.1.4 Versatile Spaces Source: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/
Design Determinants | 71
Zoning Hierarchy of Spaces Creating a zoning based on hierarchy of spaces. Retail and commercial activities are profitable when place on the main road while public activity space is well worked as an intermediate and introvert space acting as a transition space between retail and entertainment zones.
Entertainm
ent
Public
Retail
Fig 6.2.1 Hierarchy of Spaces Source: Author
Multiple Entry Points Giving multiple entries from each side of the site eases free movement of people as per their choices. It is made sure that each entry enters first into an active, lively and vibrant space. Multiple entries give users choice whether they want to directly opt for their intent visit or stall around for sometime in the active and lively spaces.
Fig 6.2.2 Multiple Entry Points Source: Author
72 | Design Derivation
Final Zoning
Entertainment
Art
Service Appt.
Food
Central Pub lic Plaza
Retail
Fig 6.2.3 Final Zoning of the Site Source: Author
Retail, Food and Entertainment activities are kept adjacent to the peripherial roads. While Apartments, art gallery or any such introvert activities are kept away from the road. All the spaces are linked together with a common central public plaza.
Zoning | 73
Design Development Axis Creating axis with the corners of the site. The interaction point to be used as open space.
Fig 6.3.1 Axis Source: Author
Creating Mass The mass is to be built around the interaction nodes.
Fig 6.3.2 Creating Mass Source: Author
74 | Design Derivation
Connecting Connecting both the masses by breaking the geometry. The central space works as a Plaza.
Fig 6.3.3 Connecting Source: Author
Final Design Treating the voids and refining the mas around it.
Fig 6.3.4 Final Design Source: Author
Design Development | 75
Final Design Proposal • Ground Floor Site Layout • First Floor Site Layout • Second Floor Site Layout • Site Section A • Site Section B • Block A- Ground Floor Plan • Block A- Second Floor Plan • Block A- Typical Service Apartment • Block A- Section A • Block A- Section B • Block B- Ground Floor Plan • Block B- Second Floor Plan • Block B- Section A • Block B- Section B • Upper Level Basement Plan • Lower Level Basement Typical Plan • 3D Views • Isometric View
07
Chapter
Ground Floor Site Layout Site level Details
Legends 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
Entrance Vehicular Entries Vehicular Exits Block A (Mall-in-Mall) Food Court Central Plaza Amphitheatre Block B
78 | Final Design Proposal
Built Form Level | 79
Fig 7.1.1 Ground Floor Site Layout Source: Author
03
01
07
04
06
05
08
0
01
02
01
20
03
40m
First Floor Site Layout Site level Details
Legends 01 02 03 04
Entrance Block A (Mall-in-Mall) Central Plaza Block B
80 | Final Design Proposal
Built Form Level | 81
Fig 7.2.1 First Floor Site Layout Source: Author
01
02
03
04
0
20
40m
Second Floor Site Layout Site level Details
Legends 01 Block A (Mall-in-Mall) 02 Central Plaza 03 Block B 82 | Final Design Proposal
Built Form Level | 83
Fig 7.3.1 Second Floor Site Layout Source: Author
01
02
03
0
20
40m
Site Section A
Entrance Stramp
Block A
Central Atrium
Service Appt.
Basement
Arcade
Block B
Fig 7.4.1 Site Section A Source: Author
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 85
Site Section B
Arcade
Block B
Basement
Central Plaza
Block A
Fig 7.5.1 Site Section B Source: Author
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 87
Block A- Ground Floor Plan Built Form Level
05
02 03
04
06
07
Fig 7.6.1 Block-A Ground Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04 05
Anchor Store Stores Central Atrium Toilet Food Court
06 Service Apartments’ Lobby 07 Server Room 0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 89
90 | Final Design Proposal
Block A- First Floor Plan Built Form Level
05
02 03
04
01
Fig 7.7.1 Block-A First Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04 05
Anchor Store Stores Central Atrium Toilet Food Court
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 91
92 | Final Design Proposal
Block A- Second Floor Plan Built Form Level
05
02 03
04
01
Fig 7.8.1 Block-A Second Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04 05
Anchor Store Stores Central Atrium Toilet Food Court
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 93
94 | Final Design Proposal
Block A- Typical Service Apartment Built Form Level
01
05 03
04
03
03 02
Fig 7.9.1 Block-A Second Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04
1 BHK Service Appt. Atrium Service Rooms Lounge
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 95
96 | Final Design Proposal
Block A- Section A
Service Appt.
Anchor Store
Stores
Corridors
Central Atrium
Corridors
Stores
Fig 7.10.1 Block-A Section A Source: Author
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 97
Block A- Section B
Block B
Service Appt.
Anchor Store
Corridors
Central Atrium
Corridors
Entrance
Fig 7.11.1 Block-A Section B Source: Author
0
20
40m
Built Form Level | 99
Block B- Ground Floor Plan Built Form Level
01
02
04
03
05
06 07 Fig 7.12.1 Block-B Ground Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04 05
Anchor Store Stores Central Atrium Toilet Arcade
06 Meter Room 07 Amphitheatre 0
10
20m
Built Form Level| 101
102 Final | Design Proposal
Block B- First Floor Plan Built Form Level
05
02 05
01
04
05
03
06 07 Fig 7.13.1 Block-B First Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04 05
Art Gallery Food Court Central Atrium Toilet Restaurants
0
10
20m
Built Form Level| 103
104 Final | Design Proposal
Block B- First Floor Plan Built Form Level
02
02
02
02
01
04
05
03
Fig 7.14.1 Block-B Second Floor Plan Source: Author
Legends 01 02 03 04 05
Multiplex_Lobby Multiplex_Screens Central Atrium Toilet Open Cafe
0
10
20m
Built Form Level| 105
106 Final | Design Proposal
Block B- Section A
Restaurant
Store
Arcade
Art Gallery
Central Atrium
Store
Fig 7.15.1 Block-B Section A Source: Author
0
10
20m
Built Form Level| 107
Block B- Section B
Arcade
Central Atrium
Store
Anchor Store
Multiplex
Fig 7.16.1 Block-B Section B Source: Author
0
10
20m
Built Form Level| 109
Upper Level Basement Plan Built Form Level
UP DN
UP
UP
UP
UP
UP
Fig 7.14.1 Upper level Basement Plan Source: Author
0
10
20
40m
Built Form Level | 111
112 | Final Design Proposal
Lower Level Typical Basement Plan Built Form Level
UP
DN
UP UP
Fig 7.14.1 Lower level Basement Plan Source: Author
0
10
20
40m
Built Form Level | 113
3D Views
Fig 7.17.1 View of people shopping inside Block- A (Mall-in-mall) Source: Author
Fig 7.17.2 View of the Central Atrium inside Block- A (Mall-in-mall) Source: Author
114 | Final Design Proposal
Fig 7.17.3 View inside Block- A (Mall-in-mall) Source: Author
Fig 7.17.4 Central Plaza at the City Centre Source: Author
3D Views | 115
Fig 7.17.5 Arcade inside Block B Source: Author
Fig 7.17.6 Arcade overooking the central Atrium Source: Author
116 | Final Design Proposal
Fig 7.17.3 Service Apartment Source: Author
Fig 7.17.4 Overloking the Central Atrium in Block- A Source: Author
3D Views | 117
118 |
Isometric View
Fig 7.17.6 Isometric 3D of the site Source: Author
3D Views | 119
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