SPRING 2021
The Mississippi Turfgrass Association Magazine
Take-All Root Rot:
A Detrimental Root Disease of Bermudagrass Putting Greens
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SPRING 2021
CONTENTS • The Mississippi Turfgrass Association Magazine
FEATURES
8 Cover Story —
Take-All Root Rot: A Detrimental Root Disease of Bermudagrass Putting Greens
8
Feature Articles — 14 New Herbicides for 2021 20
A lumni Spotlight on Aaron Tucker
28
The Evolving Employee Focus
30 Event News —
Don’t Miss the Annual Yard Dawg Golf Tournament DEPARTMENTS
6 From the MTA President
26 Research Update
31 Index of Advertisers
20
ON THE COVER: Chlorotic to white patches appear solitary or coalesce with neighboring patches. For more on Take-all Root Rot, turn to page 8.
Find this issue, Podcasts, Events and More:
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FROM THE MTA PRESIDENT, Keair Edwards
SPRING IS UPON US!
Mississippi Turfgrass Association Box 9555 MS State, MS 39762 Office: (662) 325-0517 Fax: (662) 325-2705 www.msturfassociation.org Published by: Leading Edge Communications, LLC 206 Bridge Street Franklin, TN 37064 Office: (615) 790-3718 Fax: (615) 794-4524 info@leadingedgecommunications.com MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS EDITOR James D. McCurdy, Ph.D.
MTA OFFICERS Greetings MTA Family, It is time to say goodbye to the cold winter days and hello to the flowers because spring is upon us! Hopefully everyone is feeling well rested and rejuvenated as it’s the time of the year where our work seems to never be done. The grass will be coming out of dormancy and we will see those beautiful yet stressful rainstorms more than we hope for. We have a couple of events this year that I encourage everyone to partake in; The Yard Dawg Classic will be held on June 7th at Starkville Country Club, and the Deep South Turf Expo is scheduled for November 1–4 in Biloxi. We are expecting a big turnout for those events! Hopefully the COVID cases continue to decrease as we attempt to gain a sense of normalcy to enjoy some much needed “face-to-face” socializing and networking. I thank you all for your continuous hard work and dedication to the MTA. Have a great spring season!
Keair Edwards MTA President
JUNE 7, 2021 YARD DAWG CLASSIC GOLF TOURNAMENT
NOVEMBER 1 – 4, 2021 DEEP SOUTH TURF EXPO
Starkville Country Club Starkville, MS
Mississippi Coast Convention Center Biloxi, MS
Mississippi Turfgrass is the Mississippi Turfgrass Association magazine. Subscriptions are complimentary to MTA members. The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, its staff, its board of directors, Mississippi Turfgrass, or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers, or their identification as MTA members, does not constitute an endorsement of the products or services featured in any issue of Mississippi Turfgrass. Copyright ©2021 by the Mississippi Turfgrass Association. Mississippi Turfgrass is published quarterly. Subscriptions are complimentary to members of MTA. Presorted standard postage is paid at Jefferson City, MO. Printed in the U.S.A. Reprints and Submissions: MTA allows reprinting of material published here. Permission requests should be directed to MTA. We are not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. Contact the managing editor for contribution information. Advertising: For display and classified advertising rates and insertions, please contact Leading Edge Communications, LLC, 206 Bridge Street, Suite 200, Franklin, TN 37064, (615) 790-3718, Fax (615) 794-4524.
PRESIDENT Keair Edwards City of Gulfport (228) 861-5641 VICE-PRESIDENT / PRESIDENT ELECT Alan Sullivan Grand Bear Golf Course SECRETARY-TREASURER Dr. Barry Stewart (662) 312-9335 IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Jeremy Tate Tate’s Turf LLC (662) 209-0023 ADMINISTRATIVE SECRETARY Linda Wells Mississippi State University Box 9555 MS State, MS 39762 Office: (662) 325-0517 Cell: (662) 769-7558 lmw218@pss.msstate.edu
DIRECTORS Chris Hussey, Sod Rep Hussey Sod Farm (662) 840-0512 Jimmy McPherson, Golf Rep MSU Golf Course (662) 610-3260 Todd McCullough, Grounds and Landscape Rep City of Louisville (601) 416-3292 Corey Garrison, Central Rep Country Club of Jackson (901) 490-4547 Frank Ogletree, South Rep Hattiesburg Country Club (601) 543-5033 Seth King, Industry Rep. Ben Nelson Golf and Outdoor (601) 672-4796
FACULTY ADVISOR Jay McCurdy, Ph.D. (662) 325-2331
6 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
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TAKE-ALL ROOT ROT:
COVER STORY
A Detrimental Root Disease of Bermudagrass Putting Greens By Maria Tomaso-Peterson, Ph.D and Aaron Tucker, MSc., Mississippi State University Cameron Stephens, Ph.D candidate, North Carolina State University
FIGURE 1: Infection hyphae originate from lobed hyphopodia.
8 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
T
ake-all root rot (TARR), as the name indicates, is a disease that affects roots, stolons, and rhizomes. This disease is widespread on ultradwarf bermudagrass greens throughout the transition zone and subtropical climates, including Alabama. However, TARR is also active in dwarf bermudagrass greens and sod production fields where bermudagrass putting green cultivars are grown. Until recently the causal agent of TARR was identified as Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis – or Ggg. We initiated research in 2012 in the Turfgrass Pathology lab at Mississippi State University (MSU) to get a better understanding of the ectotrophic root-infecting (ERI) fungi associated with this disease — originally referred to as bermudagrass decline (BD). We identified three novel ERI fungi, G. nanograminis (Gn), Magnaporthiopsis cynodontis (Mc), and Candidacolonium cynodontis (Cc), that formed a complex with G. graminis infecting roots in bermudagrass (BG) putting greens. These fungi do not discriminate between Tifdwarf, 328, or other ultradwarf bermudagrasses. Parallel research conducted by Cameron Stephens and Dr. Jim Kerns at North Carolina State University (NCSU) identified a fifth ERI fungus, G. graminicola (Ggram), associated with root-rot and symptoms of TARR. ERI fungi colonize the
outer surface of roots, stolons, and rhizomes and produce distinct structures, readily identifiable with the aid of a microscope. They are characterized by the formation of dark brown to black runner hyphae and growth cessation structures on the surfaces of roots, stolons, and rhizomes. Infection hyphae originate from lobed hyphopodia (Fig. 1). The foliar symptoms of TARR first appear as irregularshaped, chlorotic to white patches up to 3.0–ft in diameter. Foliar symptoms of chlorosis/necrosis progress upwards from the point of infection near the crown of the plant to the leaf tips. The chlorotic to white patches may be solitary or coalesce with neighboring patches to create large, irregular areas within a green. A general thinning with the patches or along the margin of the green may result if the disease is left unchecked (Figs. 2–3). These symptoms may be confused with other foliar diseases such as mini ring. Therefore, it is important to check the root system of affected plants. These roots, stolons, and rhizomes will appear dark brown to black. Black lesions may be observed on the stolons and roots. Overall, the roots will be very short, 0.5–in., brown, rotted, brittle and lack secondary roots and root hairs.
FIGURES 2 – 3: Chlorotic to white patches appear solitary or coalesce with neighboring patches.
THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 9
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Take-all root rot symptoms occur during or immediately after warm to hot, humid periods in the late summer or early autumn when the day length shortens. The chlorotic patches tend to persist into the winter months when greens are covered to protect from freezing temperatures. In dormant BG greens, the remnant patches are usually obvious, becoming more conspicuous during spring green-up, and fade as vigorous BG growth resumes in the early summer. TARR symptoms are not typically observed during the summer months, but does that mean the roots are void of ERI fungal infection? In 2017–18, MSc. student at MSU, Aaron Tucker, conducted an extensive survey of ERI fungi associated with BG roots from two putting greens at the MSU golf course. One green was considered healthy or asymptomatic and the other had a history of TARR or BD. We sampled 68 areas of interest (AOI) from the healthy green and 66 AOIs from the TARR green. The roots were collected from annual July core aerification events in both years. A rapid molecular assay was developed specifically to identify the four ERI fungi of interest, Gg, Gn, Mc, and Cc. In general, at least one ERI fungus was identified in each AOI from both greens. Gn had a high frequency of occurrence (FO) in the healthy green and Gn had a higher FO in the TARR green. Mc was identified in the roots of nearly all AOIs from both greens and Cc was identified in approximately 50% of AOIs in both greens each year. We also observed the ERI fungi formed a complex at a high frequency within sampled roots. In the healthy green in 2017, 7% AOIs had a fungal complex composed of the four ERI fungi and in 2018 50% AOIs had a Gn, Cc, and Mc complex. Multiple complex variations were observed in the TARR green in both years. The four ERI fungal complex was observed in 7.5% and 15% AOIs for 2017 and 2018, respectively.
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TABLE 1: The effective concentration to inhibit colony growth by 50%, EC50 (ppm), of each ectotrophic root-infecting fungus when exposed to commercial fungicides at 79°F in the dark for 7 to 14 days. Thiophanate-methyl
Fluxapyroxad
Propiconazole
Pyraclostrobin
Gaeumannomyces graminis (DR1-4)
15.6 abz By
>100.0 a A
11.8 b BC
7.7 b C
Gaeumannomyces nanograminis sp. (GSGC15-4)
27.0 a BC
>100.0 a A
9.2 b C
54.1 a B
Candidacolonium cynodontis (HP24-3)
2.3 b C
>100.0 a A
60.8 a B
4.7 b C
Magnaporthiopsis cynodontis (RS7-2)
17.8 ab B
—
79.4 a A
8.5 b B
Magnaporthiopsis cynodontis (RRFCHMP1-3)
12.2 ab B
>100.0 a A
19.9 b B
13.8 b B
z
Means within column followed by the same lowercase letter are not significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD p ≤ 0.05. y Means within rows followed by the same capital letter are not significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD p ≤ 0.05.
10 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
Continued
A three ERI fungal complex consisting of Gn, Mc, and Cc was observed in 27% AOIs in 2018. Previous research at MSU and most recently at NCSU showed the individual ERI fungi express variable levels of aggressiveness on bermudagrass roots. This indicates each ERI fungus alone can cause root rot. They also have different levels of fungicide sensitivity, growth rates, optimal temperatures. In vitro fungicide sensitivity assays to screen the ERI fungi were conducted independently by Tucker and Stephens. Both showed the ERI fungi are not sensitive to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides such as fluxapyroxad, penthiopyrad, and isofetamid. The ERI fungi showed moderate levels of sensitivity to the strobilurin (QoI) and demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides compared to the SDHIs with azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin having the greatest inhibitory effect on fungal colony growth. Tucker’s results at MSU calculated the effective concentration to inhibit 50% (EC50) colony growth. No fungicide completely inhibited fungal growth (Table 1). How do these results transfer to fungicide control in a BG putting grass? Take-all root rot pathogen growth was evaluated at 50, 59, 68, 77, 86, and 95°F to determine optimal growth temperature of each organism. In general, all TARR pathogens grew optimally between 77 and 86°F (Fig. 4). Optimal growth temperature for Gg, Gx, Ggram, Cc, and Mc was 78.4, 75.4, 76.3, 91.0, and 80.1°F, respectively. Historically, TARR has primarily been viewed as a fall season issue with applications for TARR management typically beginning in late September-October. However, results from this study indicate these pathogens are growing optimally and potentially causing the most damage to bermudagrass roots through the summer months. That damage may manifest in the fall and spring as characteristic TARR symptoms when adverse bermudagrass growing conditions such as low light and cooler temperatures are present. By that time, the damage has been done, the pathogens are not actively growing, and curative fungicide applications may be futile. Ultimately, this information warrants earlier fungicide applications than traditionally applied. For fungal growth to be inhibited, the fungus must be actively growing to absorb the fungicide. Corresponding the optimal growth temperature information from this study to the soil temperature data
•
COVER STORY
FIGURE 4
Growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis (Gg), Gaeumannomyces nanograminis (Gx), Gaeumannomyces graminicola (Ggram), Candidacolonium cynodontis (Cc), and Magnaporthiopsis cynodontis (Mc) at different incubation temperatures. Means followed by the same letter within temperature are not statistically different according to Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P<0.05.
FIGURE 5
Average soil temperatures of the top 4.0 inches in Starkville, MS. The red bars indicate the optimal temperature range for ERI fungal growth.
at a 2-4-in. depth from Starkville, MS (Fig. 5), we can see TARR pathogens may be growing optimally from May-Sept in
2019 and June-Sept in 2020. Ideally, this is when we should be applying fungicides for TARR management. THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 11
COVER STORY • Continued
Fungicide application timing research has also been conducted at NC State to validate the previous claims under field conditions. Field studies were initiated evaluating Tartan application timing for TARR management. Plots received four applications of Tartan on a 21-day interval with staggered start dates. All applications were watered in with 1/8th inch post-application irrigation. Application start dates were Timing 1 (15 July), Timing 2 (5 August), Timing 3 (26 August), Timing 4 (16 September), and a non-treated control (NTC). On 6 Jan 2020, Tartan applications
initiated on Timing 2 (5 August 2019) provided the best TARR control and Timing 3 (26 August 2019) provided moderate disease suppression (Fig. 6). However, if we look at the area under the disease progress curve, or disease progression over time in 2020, Timing 1, Timing 2, and Timing 3 all significantly reduced TARR severity compared to the non-treated control (Fig. 7). Tartan applied on Timing 4 did not reduce TARR compared to the nontreated control. Timing 4 was most likely applied too late when the pathogens were not actively growing.
FIGURE 6 Take-all root rot severity on 6 January 2020 influenced by various Tartan application initiation dates. Timing 1=15 July, Timing 2=5 August, Timing 3=26 August, Timing 4=16 September, NTC=Nontreated control. Means followed by the same letter are not statistically different according to Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P<0.05.
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A similar study was conducted evaluating Maxtima and Navicon application initiation timing for TARR management. Plots received two applications of either Maxtima or Navicon on a 21-day interval with staggered start dates. All applications were watered in with 1/8th inch of post-application irrigation. Treatments (initiation date) were Maxtima 1 (25 August), Maxtima 2 (25 October), Navicon 1 (25 August), Navicon 2 (25 October), and a non-treated control (NTC). Similar to the Tartan application timing results, the earlier applications of either Maxtima or Navicon provided the best TARR suppression on 8 October 2020, 29 October 2020, and 19 November 2020 (Fig. 8). Disease progression over time was the lowest for the Maxtima 1 and Navicon 1 application timings (Fig. 9) suggesting the earlier application start dates provided the best TARR suppression. In general, initiating fungicide applications for TARR earlier than traditionally applied may provide greater TARR control. The earlier application timings of Tartan, Maxtima, and Navicon provided greater control of TARR compared to the later application timings and the non-treated control in Raleigh, NC. Field trial results presented here align well with the optimum in vitro growth temperature study. In Central MS, targeting TARR application initiation for late May-mid-June may provide the greatest disease control. However, soil temperatures should be monitored in your area to make the most informed decision. •
FIGURE 7
Take-all root rot severity over time (area under disease progress curve; AUDPC) influenced by various Tartan application initiation dates. Timing 1=15 July, Timing 2=5 August, Timing 3=26 August, Timing 4=16 September, NTC=Non-treated control. Means followed by the same letter for AUDPC values are not statistically different according to Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P<0.05.
•
COVER STORY
FIGURE 8
Take-all root rot severity influenced by various Maxtima and Navicon application initiation dates. Maxtima 1=25 August, Maxtima 2=25 October, Navicon 1=25 August, Navicon 2=25 October, NTC=Non-treated control. Means followed by the same letter within rating date values are not statistically different according to Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P<0.05.
FIGURE 9
Take-all root rot severity over time (area under disease progress curve; AUDPC) influenced by various Maxtima and Navicon application initiation dates. Maxtima 1=25 August, Maxtima 2=25 October, Navicon 1=25 August, Navicon 2=25 October, NTC=Non-treated control. Means followed by the same letter for AUDPC values are not statistically different according to Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P<0.05.
THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 13
NEW HERBICIDES FOR 2021, PART I
FEATURE ARTICLE
By Scott McElroy, Ph.D. – Professor, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences
Jim Harris – Research Associate, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University
The following article will discuss select new products that will be available for turfgrass industry use in 2021. The discussion of these products is not an endorsement of the products and exclusion of products that may be newly available is not opposition to those products. Products discussed have been researched in Dr. McElroy’s research group and some available data is presented. Always follow the label regardless of what any article may say about a product. The label is the law.
N
ew herbicide products do not necessarily mean new active ingredients. New herbicide product names may simply be repackaged active ingredients or novel mixtures of previously available active ingredients. Novel active ingredients are a rarity with respect to new herbicide products. The lack of a novel active ingredient does not necessarily mean that the products do not bring a new control angle to the turfgrass industry.
CONTINUED ON PAGE 16
14 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
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Novel combinations of older active ingredients can provide additive or even synergistic herbicide effects and can broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled. But with new combinations it is important to understand the activity of individual active ingredients contained in the products.
COASTAL Coastal herbicide is a new combination of older products – imazaquin, prodiamine, and simazine. Imazaquin previously labeled as Image can now be purchased as the stand alone product Scepter T&O. Prodiamine was first labeled as Barricade and simazine was first labeled as Princep (There are other product names, it is simply easier to refer to the first product name used). New herbicide mixtures primarily target new combinations of post herbicides — Trimec-type herbicides or herbicides with mixtures of sulfentrazone (Dismiss) and quinclorac (Drive).
FIGURE 1: Small hop clover control with Coastal.
Echelon is a combination of prodiamine and sulfentrazone, pre and post, respectively, but few (if any) others exist. Coastal is another unique combination because it also combines both pre and post herbicides. Prodiamine is strictly a preemergence herbicide with no postemergence activity. Simazine is used for post winter weed control, primarily Poa annua, but it can provide 14–28 days of residual. Imazaquin is a postemergence herbicide with minimal residual activity. Coastal is labeled for use on bermudagrass, centipedegrass, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass. Like the name implies, it is primarily targeted at warm-season turf along the gulf coast. Being registered for weed control on the four-primary warm-season grasses is important for lawn care because it does not require the changing of products from one turfgrass lawn to the next. Research conducted in 2019–2020 evaluated Coastal in September and October for Poa annua and winter annual broadleaf control. Coastal was applied at 32 or 64 fl oz/a with or without metsulfuron (MSM) at 0.5 oz/a. A comparison treatment Specticle at 6.5 fl oz/a plus metsulfuron at 0.5 fl oz/a was included. • All treatments controlled Poa annua completely regardless of split or single applications (data not shown). The additional benefit of Coastal is that it also provided effective control of the annual broadleaf, small hop clover (Trifolium dubium; Figure 1). Coastal with and without metsulfuron reduced hop clover cover to 2–4%, while hop clover cover was > 25% in non-treated plots. The combination of residual activity from prodiamine and simazine combined with the postemergence activity of simazine and imazaquin likely lead to the effective control.
VEXIS Vexis is a new herbicide product containing the new active ingredient pyrimisulfan. It is a sedge control herbicide with excellent cool and warm-season turfgrass safety. It is also labeled for golf and residential turf. Vexis is currently only sold as a granular. A sprayable formulation is currently in the registration pipeline. There are many herbicide options for sedge control in turf. Twenty to 30 years ago, herbicides for sedge control in turfgrass were primarily limited to MSMA and Basagran (bentazon). Now, several ALS-inhibitors are available including Sedgehammer (halosulfuron), Monument (trifloxysulfuron), Certainty (sulfosulfuron), Celero (imazosulfuron), and Katana (flazasulfuron). Also, Dismiss (sulfentrazone) is a PPO-inhibitor that provides a different mode of action for sedge control in cases of herbicide resistance. Vexis is an ALS inhibiting herbicide, so it does not bring a new mode of action to the table for sedge control. The current benefits of Vexis are that it can be applied as a granular and with a high level of cool and warm-season turfgrass safety. Safety across cool and warm-season turfgrass is beneficial for the transition zone where such grasses may be directly adjacent to each other. Expect new herbicides in the future that use pyrimisulfan in a novel mixture to gain a greater spectrum of weed control.
16 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
FEATURE ARTICLE • Continued
SCEPTER T&O Imazaquin was first used in turfgrass under the trade name of Image. Since then, the “Image” name has been re-branded for the home lawn care market and an Image branded product can contain atrazine, MSMA (in the past), or other active ingredients. Image is less of a herbicide brand name and more of a marketing strategy for herbicide products in the consumer herbicide space. Scepter T&O has replaced Image as the standalone product containing only imazaquin. There is nothing new about Scepter T&O, only the name has changed. Imazaquin is a unique, probably overlooked product. As products age, marketing budgets do not keep up and consumers are attracted to the newer, flashier products. Newer products are not necessarily better, but they can highlight some of the issues with an older active ingredient. Imazaquin is one of those active ingredients that was exposed with the introduction of new products. While it has sedge, broadleaf, and cool season grass activity, one of the needs of newer products is broad spectrum activity and excellent turfgrass safety. Imazaquin is effective for sedge control, but it really needs a tankmix partner like MSMA for consistent effectiveness. It is not broad spectrum for broadleaf weed control either and Poa annua control can be inconsistent. Research was conducted in 2019 to evaluate combinations of Scepter T&O for doveweed control. Treatments included Scepter
5.7 oz/a plus Dismiss 4.0 fl oz/a applied three times (24 June, 16 July, 5 August), Scepter 8.5 oz/a plus Dismiss 6.0 fl oz/a applied two times (24 June, 16 July), Scepter T&O at 8.6 oz/a plus metsulfuron at 0.5 oz/a applied two times (24 June, 16 July), and Celsius at 4.9 oz/a applied twice (24 June and 16 July). All treatments contained non-ionic surfactant and were applied at 30 gallons per acre spray volume. Doveweed plot cover was approximately 20 to 30% at the time of application on 24 June (Figure 2). Following sequential applications, all treatments reduced doveweed cover to 0 to 3% cover two weeks after the second applications. Three applications of Scepter plus Dismiss at a lower rate was not more effective when rated on 13 September than two applications at a higher rate (Figure 3). All treatments were statistically equivalent in doveweed plot cover (2–6%) as rated on 13 September while non-treated plots had approximately 80% plot cover. Based on past research and observations, all treatments provided excellent doveweed control.
FINAL THOUGHTS This article is meant to highlight a select set of new herbicides entering the turfgrass market. Expect follow up articles this year discussing other new products. •
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 3
Non-Treated
Scepter 5.7 oz/a + Dismiss 4.0 oz/a ABC
August 9, 2019 – 4 Days After C Application
18 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
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FEATURE ARTICLE
ALUMNI SPOTLIGHT ON
AARON
TUCKER M
ississippi Turfgrass Association is made up of a wide range of turfgrass professionals across the state and beyond. Each of our members brings knowledge and skills to help improve our association and our industry. In this issue, we’re highlighting Aaron Tucker, a Mississippi native and graduate of the MSU Turf Program, who is now pursuing his Ph.D. in plant pathology at Virginia Tech. Aaron attended high school in Carthage, Mississippi at Leake Central. There, he was heavily involved in the Agriculture program. After graduating, Aaron earned his Associate’s degree in Golf at East Central Community College, where he played golf. “In high school, I learned to play golf. But my father is an ag teacher, and I’ve always grown up around agricultural related things. We showed cows, my brother wound up becoming a vet. I’m curious, so I like science. I didn’t want to teach golf for a living so I looked for an avenue that would encompass both golf and agriculture, and turfgrass is right down that alley. So I chose to go into turfgrass at MSU and I’ve been fortunate to be provided certain opportunities along that journey,” Aaron says.
20 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 21
FEATURE ARTICLE • Continued
When making the decision on where to continue his education after his Associate’s degree, there were several factors for Aaron. “Mississippi State is one of those places that has a rich tradition in our family, but also oftentimes you tell folks ‘when it comes to your career path, choose what you love, and let the rest fall into place.’ Little did I know, MSU offers one of the best turfgrass programs across the country. Some places, when you’re applying for a superintendent position at a golf course, if your resume has Mississippi State on it, you’re one of the top on the list. I really enjoyed the idea of being a student at MSU, but also there’s a reputation that comes with their turf program that offers opportunity within the industry.” Aaron earned his Bachelors of Science in Agronomy in the field of golf and sports turf management, and then began work on his Master’s degree, honing his area of interest into plant pathology. As he was finishing his undergrad degree, Aaron was offered the opportunity to do research with Christian Baldwin (then an MSU professor) focusing on plant physiology. This opportunity planted the seed of pursuing further study in turf pathology. “Turf pathology made sense naturally,” Aaron says. “So I reached out to Dr. Peterson, since there are a lot of plant interactions that happen in turf pathology between plants and fungi, etc. She already had an idea in mind for research, so we just went with it.” Upon finishing his Master’s degree at MSU, Aaron had an opportunity to pursue his Ph.D. with plant pathologist Dr. David McCall at Virginia Tech. After meeting at an ASA conference years earlier, the two had stayed in touch. “Dave is good at getting funding for his lab group. The lab was one person at the time I met Dave, now there are five. We’ve got plenty of bodies that do field research and trials and help with those grants.” One element of working in Dr. McCall’s lab that interested Aaron was extension work. He’d previously not been exposed to that aspect, and that was another element that influenced his choice to pursue his Ph.D. through Virginia Tech. (You can learn more about Aaron’s work in the research update on page 26.)
“I believe that being able to educate is paramount, and if you do it the right way, then you don’t have to do it twice.”
Aaron’s long-term goal is to work in academia. He will soon begin his instructional duties. “I believe that being able to educate is paramount, and if you do it the right way, then you don’t have to do it twice,” he says. “I’m looking forward to the experience of being a TA and being able to assist.”
22 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
Specialty Distribution
Butch Pugh PO Box 9168 Searcy, AR 72145
Cell: 662-545-5664
www.agrainc.com
Fax: 501 268-0606
Email: butchpugh@gmail.com THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 23
FEATURE ARTICLE • Continued
His father’s 30+ years as a teacher and FFA advisor certainly will have an influence on Aaron’s teaching style. “It’s hard not to, I’ve got some of him in me. He’s very patient, I feel like that’s a very important part of teaching. Put the knowledge out there and be patient in the learning process.” The typical timeline for finishing a doctorate is three to four years, although the delays created by COVID may alter that timeline somewhat for Aaron. After he finishes, he says, “I’m a southern boy, so I’d like to get back there, but I’ll go where the opportunities are. It’s got to put food on the table.” That will certainly be important for Aaron’s growing family. He and his wife, Emilee welcomed their first child, Elliott in 2020. Aaron says in his free time, he enjoys spending time with Emilee and Elliott and occasionally finding time to golf or even fishing with his father. MTA wishes Aaron success as he pursues his Ph.D., and we are proud to see our MSU graduates advancing our industry! •
24 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
RESEARCH UPDATE
IMPACT OF DMI FUNGICIDES
on Creeping Bentgrass and Ultradwarf Bermudagrass During Suboptimal Growing Conditions By Aaron Tucker, Jordan Booth, Wendell Hutchens, David McCall, Ph.D.
D
emethylation inhibiting (DMI) fungicides may have phytotoxic effects on putting surfaces under periods of intense heat and stress. With newer DMI chemistries available to turf managers, this study identified impacts of both longestablished and recently-registered DMI formulations during the months of June and July on ‘G12’ ultradwarf bermudagrass (UDB) and July and August on ‘Tyee’ creeping bentgrass (CB). This research was conducted at Independence Golf Club in Richmond, VA on UDB and at Glade Road Research Center in Blacksburg, VA on CB. Fungicides of interest included Rayora (flutriafol), Banner Maxx (propiconazole), Torque (tebuconazole), Maxtima (mefentrifluconazole), and Briskway (difenoconazole + azoxystrobin) applied at the highest labeled rate. Each fungicide was applied twice at the maximum labeled rate 14 days apart
‘G12’ Ultradwarf bermudagrass at IGC 21 days after final application.
26 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
and studied with and without post-application irrigation. Data was collected every 7 days after initial application for a total of 28 days. Data collection included weekly drone images for digital image analysis, turf quality and phytotoxicity assessed visually, and clipping yields to determine treatment effects. Preliminary results indicate that post-application irrigation had little effect on plant regulation at each location. Overall, Banner Maxx with post-application irrigation resulted in the most phytotoxicity among other fungicide treatments on UDB (20%), but phytotoxicity for Banner Maxx was similar with or without postapplication irrigation. In creeping bentgrass, no phytotoxicity was measured throughout this study and clipping yields varied by date with no differences between fungicide treatments with or without post-application irrigation. •
‘Tyee’ creeping bentgrass at Glade Road Research Center 7 days after final application.
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THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 27
FEATURE ARTICLE
THE EVOLVING EMPLOYEE FOCUS By Neal Glatt, CSP, ASM
T
he way that world-class companies are thinking about their employees is evolving dramatically. If we want our people to be more engaged, more productive, more satisfied, and more likely to stay with our organizations, then we must not only learn from this new perspective but we can execute it faster and be a more competitive employer.
The CEOs of the companies I’m talking about belong to an organization called The Business Roundtable. They represent more than 250 of the leading companies in the U.S. including places like Amazon, Bank of America, Coca-Cola, Dell, Ford, Home Depot, Marriott, Proctor & Gamble, UPS, Visa, and Xerox. Together, these companies touch every single sector of the economy and employ more than 15 million people. From 1997 until 2018, The Business Roundtable published what they called a Corporate Purpose. This statement is what every major CEO believed was the reason for business to exist and what good leaders should deliver. The basis of their Corporate Purpose was based on the philosophy of Milton Friedman and for which he was awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Economics. In summary, he believed that “there is one and only one social responsibility of business: to engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But nearly 50 years after this ground-breaking theory won global acclaim, the CEOs of The Business Roundtable realized it wasn’t working for them in today’s world. They determined that putting profit first didn’t deliver the long-term benefits they needed for their stockholders and that it was not a sustainable business philosophy. So, in August of 2019 they published a new Corporate Purpose. This new purpose prioritizes value for customers, investing in employees, fostering diversity and inclusion, dealing fairly and ethically with suppliers, supporting the community, and protecting the environment ahead of delivering long-term value to shareholders. They explicitly state “too often hard work is not rewarded, and not enough is being done for workers to adjust to the rapid pace of change in the economy.” These CEOs know more about managing people, motivation, and building successful companies than anyone. When they say 28 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
that employees need more recognition and skills development, you can bet it’s a successful plan. In fact, Gallup has shown that teams that have seen progression in their development in the last six months are 10–15% more productive than those who haven’t. The problem is that 250 CEOs can’t change the culture and execution of job training for 15 million employees nearly as fast as our small and nimble teams can. So, we can leverage the philosophy and beat them to the punch by investing in our people starting immediately and becoming a superior employment option as they struggle to pivot. The studies prove that when we care about and invest in our people’s development, they’ll be more involved in, enthusiastic about, and committed to our work and workplaces. What’s more, productively, profitability, and safety increase while turnover, absenteeism, and defects decrease. So, the only question is where do we get started? If you’re not sure how to train your team for the next level, you’re not alone. Fortunately, we started GrowTheBench.com to provide affordable, on-demand, virtual education for the green industry to help. When you set up your employees, they’ll be learning and developing the skills they need to succeed in the workplace and become more engaged in the process. There is even content that is 100% free. It’s never been easier, or more important, to invest in employees than it is today. •
Neal Glatt, CSP, ASM is a managing partner of GrowTheBench.com – a leading provider of affordable online education, professional development and peer networking for green industry professionals. Connect with Neal via email at Neal@GrowTheBench.com.
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TheTurfZone.com is the central hub for turfgrass research and information from multiple state turf associations.
107 ISSUES
of Turfgrass Magazines and Growing! 240 Podcasts and Many More to Come!
33,000+
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DOZENS
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Learn how your company can sponsor or advertise!
TheTurfZone.com /advertising-inquiry 888–707-7141 facebook.com/theturfzone
twitter.com/theturfzone THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 29
UPCOMING EVENT
YARD DAWG CLASSIC JUNE 7, 2021
e Mississippi Turfgrass Association invites you to play in the 19th Annual Yard Dawg Classic Golf Tournament at the Starkville Country Club in Starkville, Mississippi. You will note that you can form your own team. Individuals who wish to play and do not have a team will be assigned to a team by the tournament committee. Your team members do not have to be MTA members. PLAYER LIST 1._________________________________________ 2._________________________________________ 3._________________________________________ 4._________________________________________ Methods of payment: American Express, Visa or MasterCard. If paying by credit card, signed entry may be faxed to 662-325-2705. Check—Make payable to MTA. Name _______________________________________________ Credit Card Number ___________________________________ Address _____________________________________________ Exp. Date__________ Signature__________________________
Starkville Country Club 1800 South Montgomery Street Starkville, MS 39759
Team Entry Fee: $400 Individual Entry Fee: $100 Student Entry Fee: $50
DEADLINE TO REGISTER May 21, 2021 8 a.m. Registration/Warmups 9 a.m. Scramble Tee Off (Box lunch provided)
Hospitality Night Georgia Blue (patio venue)
Hole in One Contest! Winner will receive a golf cart donated by Ben Nelson Golf.
207 South Jackson Street Starkville, Mississippi 39759
Monday, June 6 5 to 7 p.m. Appetizers Provided Cash Bar Hosted by Yard Dawg Gold Sponsors
Mail completed form to:
MTA / Linda Wells Box 9555 • Mississippi State, MS 39762 Lmw218@pss.msstate.edu • www.msturfassociation.org 662-769-7558 cell phone • 662-325-0517 office
30 • MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS • SPRING 2021
MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION TM
INDEX OF ADVERTISERS
Located near Bastrop in northeast Louisiana, Bayou Bend turf Grass is a grower of certified, quality tifeagle, tifdwarf, tifGreen and MiniVerde grasses.
Agra Turf, Inc.................................... 23 www.agrainc.com
Bayou Bend Turfgrass.......................... 31
®
www.bayoubendturfgrass.com
Dave’s Sale and Service........................ 29
(318) 283-2279
www.turfeagle.com
GURU Scapes................................... 10
www.BayouBendturf.com
www.guruscapes.com
Harrell’s LLC.......................... Back Cover www.harrells.com
Jackson Sand................................... 29 ww.jacksonsand.com
Lawn & Pest Solutions........................... 5 lawnandpest.net
Leading Edge Communications................ 19
Southeast Turf utilizes the best deep aerification equipment available today to address any type of turf aerification need, including Deep Drill and Drill & Fill.
www.LeadingEdgeCommunications.com
Modern Turf, Inc................................ 27 www.modernturf.com
NewLife Turf, Inc................................ 12 www.newlifeturf.com
Progressive Turf Equipment Inc............... 27 www.progressiveturfequip.com
RD Murphy, LLC................................. 31
Randy Emens
256-255-5231 • SouthEastTurf.com • seturfmaint@gmail.com 211 Skyline Road • Madison, AL 35758
www.rdmurphy.com
Riebeling Farms, Inc............................ 31 R.W. Distributors................................. 7 www.Exmark.com
Sod Solutions................................... 17
Riebeling Farms, Inc.
www.sodsolutions.com
Southeast Turf Maintenance................... 31 www.southeastturf.com
Sur-Line Turf, Inc............................... 23
Palmetto St. Augustine • Empire Zoysia Centipede Sod • Delivery Available
www.surlineturf.com
251-943-6012
The Turfgrass Group......................... 3, 15 www.theturfgrassgroup.com
The Turf Zone................................... 29
20732 Hadley Rd. • Foley, AL. 36535
www.theturfzone.com
Turf Care Supply................................ 25 www.turfcaresupply.com
Winstead Turf................. Inside Front Cover www.winsteadturffarms.com
Big Roll TuRf TuBes
To discuss advertising opportunities, contact Leading Edge Communications:
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RD MuRphy LLC Sales: (256) 762-3564 info@rdmurphy.com www.rdmurphy.com
sales@leadingedgecommunications.com www.LeadingEdgeCommunications.com THE MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE • 31
ROOT HEALTH PROGRAM
Your remedy for year-long root health.
Harrell’s Root Health Program will aid in promoting stress tolerance, root mass and length, and uniform distribution of moisture. EarthMAX® Organic, Root Enhancer, Seaweed A&E, and Fleet® are your best friends when it comes to root health.
Fleet®
Root Enhancer
100
LIQUID FOLIAR NUTRITIONALS
SOIL SURFACTANTS
GUARANTEED ANALYSIS Iron (Fe) ...........................................................................5.00% 5.00% Complexed Iron (Fe)
CAUTION Read entire label for additional precautionary statements and use directions.
Derived from: Iron glucoheptonate.
FOR PROFESSIONAL USE ONLY
ALSO CONTAINS NONPLANT FOOD INGREDIENTS 10.0% Fulvic Acid from Leonardite 2.5% Kelp Extract from Ascophylum Nodosum F352
FIRST AID
PRECAUTIONS •
Avoid getting in eyes or on skin. The use of safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) and water repellent, chemical resistant gloves when handling this product is recommended.
•
Do not contaminate food, feed, seed or water supplies during application or when cleaning equipment.
IN CASE OF SPILL OR MEDICAL EMERGENCY, CONTACT CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300.
If on Skin: Wash with soap and water. Consult a physician if any irritation persists If in Eyes: Rinse with clean water for 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses after the first 5 minutes and continue to rinse. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. If Ingested: Call 911 or a physician for treatment advice. Have the product label with you when calling a doctor or going for treatment.
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
EarthMAX® Organic
250 gallons (946 liters)
Weight per gallon: 10.26 lbs. @ 68° F
0-0-1
F352
PRECAUTIONS
Avoid getting in eyes or on skin. Use safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) and water repellent, chemical resistant gloves when handling this product. Do not contaminate water during application or when cleaning equipment.
IN CASE OF SPILL OR MEDICAL EMERGENCY, CONTACT CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300.
GUARANTEED ANALYSIS
®
CAUTION
FOR PROFESSIONAL USE ONLY
INERT INGREDIENTS 77.0% Total Other Ingredients
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
FIRST AID If on Skin: Wash with soap and water. Consult a physician if any irritation persists If in Eyes: Rinse with clean water for 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses after the first 5 minutes and continue to rinse. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Soluble Potash (K2O) ...................................................... 1.00%
LIQUID FOLIAR & SOIL ADDITIVES
® LIQUID FOLIAR & SOIL ADDITIVES
2.5 gallons (9.46 liters)
Read entire label for additional precautionary statements and use directions.
Purpose: May increase micronutrient uptake
•
30 gallons (113.52 liters)
Harrell’s, LLC Post Office Box 807 | Lakeland, FL 33802 | (800) 282-8007 | Harrells.com
1.0% Humic Acid derived from Humus 22.0% Carbon derived from Humus
•
Seaweed A+E
NET CONTENTS
Foliar & Soil Additive
CONTAINS NON-PLANT FOOD INGREDIENT(S): SOIL AMENDING GUARANTEED ANALYSIS ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
Harrell’sHydroMAX ®
®
Iron plus Fulvic Acid
If Ingested: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Call 911 or a physician for treatment advice.
Derived from: Kelp (Ascophyllum nodosum and Ecklonia maxima), Sulfate of Potash
ACTIVE INGREDIENT
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
Polyoxyalkylene Polymers .................................100.0% NONPLANT FOOD INGREDIENT
CAUTION Read entire label for additional precautionary statements and use directions. FOR PROFESSIONAL USE ONLY
FIRST AID
PRECAUTIONS •
Avoid getting in eyes or on skin. Use safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) and water repellent, chemical resistant gloves when handling this product.
•
Do not contaminate water during application or when cleaning equipment.
IN CASE OF SPILL OR MEDICAL EMERGENCY, CONTACT CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300.
If on Skin: Wash with soap and water. Consult a physician if any irritation persists If in Eyes: Rinse with clean water for 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses after the first 5 minutes and continue to rinse. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. If Ingested: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Call 911 or a physician for treatment advice. Have the product label with you when calling a doctor or going for treatment.
NET CONTENTS: 250 gallons (946 liters)
30 gallons (113.52 liters)
2.5 gallons (9.46 liters) Weight per gallon: 8.75 lbs. @ 68°F
# FLEET100-2.5 #FLEET100-30 #FLEET100-250 09/17
Harrell’s, LLC Post Office Box 807 | Lakeland, FL 33802 | (800) 282-8007 | Harrells.com
Read entire label for additional precautionary statements and use directions. FOR PROFESSIONAL USE ONLY
CAUTION
PRECAUTIONS •
Avoid getting in eyes or on skin. The use of safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) and water repellent gloves when handling this product is recommended.
•
Do not contaminate water supplies during application or when cleaning equipment.
EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION MEDICAL: 1-800-304-0824 TRANSPORTATION: 1-800-424-9300
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN FIRST AID If on Skin: Wash with soap and water. Consult a physician if any irritation persists. If in Eyes: Rinse with clean water for 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses after the first 5 minutes and continue to rinse. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. If Ingested: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Call 911 or a physician for treatment advice. Have the product label with you when calling a doctor or going for treatment.
Have the product label with you when calling a doctor or going for treatment.
NET CONTENTS 250 gallons (946 liters)
30 gallons (113.52 liters)
NET CONTENTS
2.5 gallons (9.46 liters)
250 gallons (946 liters)
Weight per gallon: 8.40 lbs. @ 68° F 880062O-2.5
880062O-30 880062O-250
EarthMAX Organic 880062O-2.5.indd 1
30 gallons (113.52 liters)
2.5 gallons (9.46 liters) Weight per gallon: 8.67 lbs. @ 68°F
06/20
Harrell’s, LLC Post Office Box 807 | Lakeland, FL 33802 | (800) 282-8007
Harrell’s, LLC Post Office Box 807 | Lakeland, FL 33802 | (800) 282-8007
820447 07/20
6/4/2020 1:22:28 PM
Seaweed A+E_820447.indd 1
7/28/2020 3:02:28 PM
Are you ready for year-long healthy roots? Visit www.harrells.com or contact your sales rep today. STEVE KUYRKENDALL Golf- Mississippi skuyrkendall@harrells.com (601) 953-1847
JAMES BARTLEY Turf & Landscape- Mississippi jbartley@harrells.com (334) 707-5134
BRETT DRINKWINE Golf- Gulf Coast bdrinkwine@harrells.com (251) 689-3288
www.harrells.com | 800.282.8007 Employee -Owned
