HISTORY OF TYPOGRAPHY The Early 90s to the Present
01
DECONSTRUCTION AND TYPOGRAPHY • The taking apart and reassembly of digital type and typography • A spatial, non-linear process
• An experimental approach to typography • The Deconstructive Typographic movement originally began in the 80s, but continued into the late 90s
02
BARRY DECK’S
TEMPLATE GOTHIC • Designed in 1990 • Inspired by hand drawn letters • Popular during the Grunge Era • Pronounced the “typeface of the decade” by Emigre
EMIGRE FONTS
03
• Emigre Fonts also known as Emigre Graphics was founded in 1984 by husband and wife duo Rudy VanderLans and Zuzana Licko • One of the first type foundries to use Macintosh computers •Published the most cutting-edge fonts through the 80s and 90s • Published Emigre Magazine from 1984 to 2005
RUDY VANDERLANS
04
• Rudy VanderLans was born in 1955 in the Hague, Holland •Started Emigre Fonts as well as Emigre Magazine with his wife Zuzana Licko in 1984 • Designed 3 typefaces for the Emigre collection, but only one of those typefaces, Suburban was solely designed by VanderLans
05
CRANBROOK ACADEMY
• The Cranbrook Academy of Art was founded by George and Ellen Booth in 1904
• Located in Detroit, the academy is a National Historic Landmark • A source of innovation in design in the United States • The Deconstructive Typographic movement began at Cranbrook
06
P. SCOTT MAKELA
• Born in 1960 in St. Paul Minnesota; died in 1999 at the age of 39 from Epiglottitis
• Received his MFA at Cranbrook Academy of Art in 1991 • Was the resident cochair of 2-D design at Cranbrook with wife Laurie Haycock in 1997 • Created the typeface Dead History in the Early 1990s for Emigre
07
STEFAN SAGMEISTER • Born in 1962 in Bregenz, Austria
• Owner of Sagmeister & Walsh design firm • Teaches at the School of Visual Arts • Has won many awards from his work in the music industry, designing album covers for various genres
08
MATTHEW CARTER • Born in 1937 in London
• Type designer and son of English typographer Harry Carter • Two most notable typefaces of the 90s are Verdana and Gerogia, both created in 1996 • Worked for Mergenthaler Linotype for 6 years, desining typefaces such as Snell Roundhand and Helvetica Compressed
DAVID CARSON
09
• Born in 1954 in Corpus Christi, Texas
• Well known for his magazine design and use of experimental typography inspired by 80s grunge culture • Art director of Ray Gun, and alternative rock magazine from 1992 to 1995 • Established David Carson Design in New York City in 1995 and published End of Print, a best seller world wide
10
MARTIN VENEZKY • Born in 1957
• Creator of Appetite Enginers founded in 1997 • Earned MFA from Cranbrook Academy; has taught typography at CCA since 1993 • Known as the King of Chaos
11
RICK POYNOR
• British writer and critic of visual culture
• Founder of Eye magazine, an international magazine that reviews graphic design • Served as the editor of Eye Magazine from 1990 to 1997 • Wrote Typography Now, the first international survey of graphic design in the 80s and 90s
12
HOEFLER & FRERE-JONES • Both were born in 1970 in New York, New York
• Founded Hoefler & Frere-Jones or H&FJ Foundry in 1999 • Both were awarded with an AIGA medal in april of this year • http://bcove.me/2puq9w7l (2:34)
TYPOGRAPHY TODAY
13
• More and more people are beginning to move away from one popular typefaces
• Fonts are being made at an alarming rate • Digital publishing has had an effect on type design. More fonts are being designed solely for screen display.
SOURCES Macmillan, Neil. “Barry Deck.” An A-Z of Type Designers. New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2006. 72. Print.
Miller, J. Abbott. "Matthew Carter." AIGA. The American Institute of Graphic Arts, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Vit, Armin. "Rudy Vanderlans Speaks Up." Rudy Vanderlans Speaks Up. Speak Up, 8 Nov. 2002. Web. 2 Dec. 2013.
Venezky, M. J. It Is Beautiful-- Then Gone. New York: Princeton Architectural, 2005. Print.
"THE COLLECTION." MoMA.org. MoMA, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013. Middendorp, Jan. Dutch Type. Rotterdam: 010, 2004. 179. Print.
Belonax, Tim. "Design Envy · Collaged Walls: Martin Venezky's Appetite Engineers." Design Envy · Collaged Walls: Martin Venezky's Appetite Engineers. DesignEnvy, 7 Jan. 2013. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Dooley, Michael. "Zuzana Licko and Rudy VanderLans." AIGA. The American Institute of Graphic Arts, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Murno, Silas. "Martin Venezky Speaks Up." Martin Venezky Speaks Up. Speak Up, 1 Aug. 2005. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Wright, Bruce N. “P. Scott Makela, 1960-1999.” Print 53.5 (1999): 48 Business Source Complete Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Adams, Sean. "AdamsMorioka." AdamsMorioka RSS. Step Magazine, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Hall, Peter. "Laurie Haycock and Scott Makela." AIGA. AIGA, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Macmillan, Neil. “Johnathan Hoefler.” An A-Z of Type Designers. New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2006. 106. Print.
Macmillan, Neil. An A-Z of Type Designers. New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2006. 62. Print.
Macmillan, Neil. "Tobias Frere-Jones." An A-Z of Type Designers. New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 2006. 85-86. Print.
SOURCES Riechers, Angela. "Jonathan Hoeer and Tobias Frere-Jones." AIGA. AIGA, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013. http://www.citrinitas.com/history_of_viscom/computer.html http://www.emigre.com/AboutEmigre.php http://www.emigre.com/Editorial.php?sect=3 http://www.cranbrook.edu/about http://edfella.com/images/resume/history/fella_history.pdf http://layersmagazine.com/an-interview-with-david-carson.html http://www.ted.com/speakers/david_carson.html https://www.typotheque.com/authors/rick_poynor