Getting Started with .NET by LearnNowOnline

Getting Started with .NET

Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright ÂŠ by Application Developers Training Company

Objectives • Learn the advantages and architecture of the .NET Framework • Examine sample Microsoft Intermediate Language code • Set up a development profile in Visual Studio .NET • Create Console Application projects in Visual Studio .NET • View the code that Visual Studio generates and understand what it does • Explore the Object Browser in the Integrated Development Environment • Take advantage of Visual Studio’s exception-handling features Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

Agenda • Thinking about .NET • Using Visual Studio 2010 • Debugging and Handling Exceptions

What Is .NET, Anyway? • 1991: Windows "sits" on top of DOS  Windows apps require Windows runtime environment  Windows apps provide a consistent API for communicating with drivers, devices, and so on

• 2001: .NET Runtime "sits" on top of Windows  .NET apps require .NET runtime environment  .NET apps provide a consistent API for working with Windows, data structures, types, and more

What Is .NET, Anyway? • .NET Framework 2.0: Third version of the Objectoriented programming environment • .NET Framework 3.0: Developed to work with Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008  Can create command-line apps through rich client apps, including Web applications

• .NET is open  Can program in many different languages  Can use different tools o

Not limited to VB/C# and Visual Studio

 .NET SDK is a free download o

Why .NET? • Before .NET, software development required mastery of multiple technologies and authoring tools  Manually stitched together various programming tools

• For example:  Web sites? Required VB Scripting or JScript and HTML  Database apps? SQL/SQL Server  Business applications? Visual Basic  Office applications? VBA  Streamlined graphics? C++ Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

Advantages of .NET • .NET provides remedies:  Object-oriented view of Windows: .NET Framework encapsulates lots of functionality into classes  Application security built in  Deploying applications is easier o

   

Assembly contains and describes unit of deployment

Versioning issues largely handled without effort Assemblies can be digitally signed Unless using COM, no need for registration All .NET languages are interoperable Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

.NET Framework Architecture VB

C++

JScript

…

ASP.NET

Windows Forms

ADO.NET and XML Base Class Library Common Language Runtime Windows

Visual Studio .NET

Common Language Specification

Common Language Runtime • Common Language Runtime (CLR) provides runtime environment for all .NET applications • CLR's purpose is to load and run applications compiled to Intermediate Language (IL)  Each .NET compiler creates IL as its output

• CLR manages .NET base services:    

CLR and Running Code • CLR allows you to run both managed and unmanaged code  Unmanaged code runs outside the CLR o

VB6/C++ code compiled without .NET

 Managed code runs "within" the CLR, and benefits from the CLR's features

CLR and Compilers • .NET Compilers create Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL, or just IL) as output • At execution time, Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler converts code to native executable

More about JIT • JIT compiler takes native processor into account  Creates code optimized for the local environment  Makes decisions about how to optimize code at runtime

• Only needs to compile the application once:  Compiled "bits" cached locally  Performance overhead is very slight, if any

.NET Framework Base Class Library • BCL consists of classes that provide base functionality for .NET Framework  And many classes that make your life as a developer easier  Library of classes used by all .NET applications

• Contains large number of classes (blocks of functionality, including properties, methods, and events) grouped into namespaces  Each class within a namespace has a unique name

Some BCL Namespaces • • • • • • • • • •

System System.Data System.Diagnostics System.Globalization System.IO System.Text System.Text.RegularExpressions System.Web System.Windows.Forms System.Xml Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

.NET Languages • Microsoft provides several .NET languages:  Visual Basic, Visual C#, C++, JScript  Other vendors provide other languages o

Python, Fortran, Cobol, and many more

• How do languages interoperate?  .NET provides: o

Common Language Specification (CLS): Describes how .NET languages should work Common Type System (CTS): Describes how data types should work together

Examining a .NET Application: Introducing Assemblies • Compile managed code: create assembly • Theoretically, assembly can contain multiple modules  Visual Studio only supports creating single-module assemblies  Output looks like EXE or DLL o

Actually contains compiled IL, and information about the assembly

 Metadata contains a manifest that describes the assembly, procedures, and types that it exports, along with other required assemblies Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

What's in the Manifest? • Version, name, culture, security requirements • List of other files in assembly and cryptographic hash for each file • List of public types • List of external required references • Use ILDASM.EXE to examine contents

What Can You Create? • .NET allows you to create a large range of applications • Visual Studio includes templates for (among others):       

Windows application Console application Class library Windows control library Web control library Web application XML Web Service Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

Agenda • Thinking about .NET • Using Visual Studio 2010 • Debugging and Handling Exceptions

Using Visual Studio 2010 • Creating applications using Notepad and command-line compilers is possible  But it's not very efficient

• Visual Studio provides a huge number of timesaving tools, along with built-in compiler support • Supports Visual Basic, C#, and more

Working with Profile Settings • User profiles allow you to control Visual Studio behavior • Can use pre-set defaults for:    

Options Menus Key bindings Toolbars

• Pick a profile when you first run Visual Studio  Or change it any time

Agenda • Thinking about .NET • Using Visual Studio 2010 • Debugging and Handling Exceptions

Debugging and Handling Exceptions • No matter how carefully you code  You'll make coding errors  Errors will occur at runtime

• Three types of errors:  Syntax errors  Runtime errors  Logic errors

Learn More! â&#x20AC;˘ This is an excerpt from a larger course. Visit www.learnnowonline.com for the full details!

Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com Copyright ÂŠ by Application Developers Training Company