Educational Psychology

Page 16

This book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License Look for common strengths and problems with research cited on assignments.

other students; Look for patterns in the differences; Try altering the patterns of interaction and observe the result.

How information is reported and communicated

Write a brief report of results for fellow staff;

Write a summary of the results in teacher’s journal diary;

Give a brief oral report to fellow staff about results

Share results with fellow staff; Share results with teacher’s students.

Two other, more complete examples of action research are summarized in Table 1. Although these examples, like many action research studies, resemble “especially good teaching practice”, they are planned more thoughtfully than usual, carried out and recorded more systematically, and shared with fellow teachers more thoroughly and openly. As such, they yield special benefits to teachers as professionals, though they also take special time and effort. For now, the important point is that use of action research simultaneously reflects the increasing professionalism of teachers, but at the same time creates higher standards for teachers when they teach.

How educational psychology can help All things considered, then, times have changed for teachers. But teaching remains an attractive, satisfying, and worthwhile profession. The recent trends mean simply that you need to prepare for teaching differently than you might have in the past, and perhaps differently than your own school teachers did a generation ago. Fortunately, there are ways to do this. Many current programs in teacher education provide a balance of experiences in tune with current and emerging needs of teachers. They offer more time for practice teaching in schools, for example, and teacher education instructors often make deliberate efforts to connect the concepts and ideas of education and psychology to current best practices of education. These and other features of contemporary teacher education will make it easier for you to become the kind of teacher that you not only want to be, but also will need to be. This book—about educational psychology and its relation to teaching and learning—can be one of your supports as you get started. To make it as useful as possible, we have written about educational psychology while keeping in mind the current state of teaching, as well as your needs as a unique future teacher. The text draws heavily on concepts, research and fundamental theories from educational psychology. But these are selected and framed around the problems, challenges, and satisfactions faced by teachers daily, and especially as faced by teachers new to the profession. We have selected and emphasized topics in proportion to two factors: (1) their importance as reported by teachers and other educational experts, and (2) the ability of educational psychology to comment on particular problems, challenges, and satisfactions helpfully.

Educational Psychology http://www.saylor.org/courses/psych303/

16

A Global Text The Saylor Foundation


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Articles inside

Reading and understanding professional articles

32min
pages 355-365

The challenges of action research

6min
pages 371-372

Action research: hearing from teachers about improving practice

14min
pages 366-370

Types of resources for professional development and learning

7min
pages 352-354

Benefiting from all kinds of research

7min
pages 373-376

Issues with standardized tests

1hr
pages 298-351

International testing

3min
page 291

Basic concepts

16min
pages 277-282

Portfolios

7min
pages 264-266

Self and peer assessment

3min
page 269

Grading and reporting

10min
pages 272-276

Action research: studying yourself and your students

2min
page 271

Constructed response items

19min
pages 254-263

Planning for instruction as well as for learning

11min
pages 235-240

Creating bridges among curriculum goals and students’ prior experiences

17min
pages 229-234

Reliability

3min
page 245

Instructional strategies: an abundance of choices

8min
pages 205-209

Formulating learning objectives

17min
pages 215-222

Cooperative learning

3min
page 202

Students as a source of instructional goals

8min
pages 223-225

Enhancing student learning through a variety of resources

9min
pages 226-228

Using classroom talk to stimulate students’ thinking

11min
pages 172-175

The bottom line: messages sent, messages reconstructed

12min
pages 176-183

Forms of thinking associated with classroom learning

2min
page 184

Student-centered models of learning

2min
page 200

Critical thinking

3min
page 185

Creative thinking

3min
page 186

Inquiry learning

2min
page 201

Problem-solving

9min
pages 187-190

Preventing management problems by focusing students on learning

29min
pages 140-149

Structures of participation: effects on communication

9min
pages 166-168

Why classroom management matters

3min
page 139

Responding to student misbehavior

15min
pages 150-154

Communication styles in the classroom

8min
pages 169-171

Keeping management issues in perspective

7min
pages 155-158

Communication in classrooms vs communication elsewhere

8min
pages 159-161

Effective nonverbal communication

8min
pages 163-165

Expectancy x value: effects on students’ motivation

3min
page 130

TARGET: a model for integrating ideas about motivation

17min
pages 131-138

Motivation as self-determination

13min
pages 125-129

Motivation as self-efficacy

15min
pages 120-124

Motives as interests

5min
pages 116-117

Motives as goals

9min
pages 113-115

Motives as behavior

7min
pages 110-112

Motives related to attributions

6min
pages 118-119

The value of including students with special needs

11min
pages 104-109

Three people on the margins

2min
page 85

Physical disabilities and sensory impairments

8min
pages 101-103

Growing support for people with disabilities: legislation and its effects

3min
page 86

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

6min
pages 94-95

Behavioral disorders

5min
pages 99-100

Accommodating diversity in practice

10min
pages 80-84

Differences in cultural expectations and styles

15min
pages 75-79

Moral development: forming a sense of rights and responsibilities

14min
pages 56-60

Gender differences in the classroom

9min
pages 72-74

Gifted and talented students

5min
pages 70-71

Understanding “the typical student” versus understanding students

12min
pages 61-66

Individual styles of learning and thinking

3min
page 67

Multiple intelligences

4min
pages 68-69

Cognitive development: the theory of Jean Piaget

11min
pages 46-49

Major theories and models of learning

49min
pages 23-41

Social development: relationships,personal motives, and morality

18min
pages 50-55

Why development matters

3min
page 42

Preface

2min
page 7

How educational psychology can help

7min
pages 16-19

The joys of teaching

5min
pages 8-9

Teachers’ perspectives on learning

8min
pages 20-22
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