: OP 2 H S RK 15/0 2 O W 0 OF MON] 22/ S TE - [ MON] : A D 02 ON N [ I T / CA ONDO E 13 /02 O L E L T] 20 A - : FR S ] [ AT L UC FEE [S
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: OP K H S RK WOR G O W AB IN N ボ P L Y ラ + O T コ• TO ZATI O I PR + TUAL P CE N CO +
N Y DA ATHO 3 CK HA R ST I G FO OLO ER BI SGIN ER DE GINE ST I T N G E TIS LO R AR CHNO OPHE TE ILOS PH C... ET
Index インデックス
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Manifesto マニフェスト
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Philosophy 哲学
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Philosophy 哲学
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Methodology 手順
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Methodology 手順
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議論
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Discussions 議論
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Discussions 議論
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Karaoke カラオケ
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科学
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Science workshop 科学
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Science workshop 科学
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atoms (CHONSP...)
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molecules (amino acids)
polymers (silk)
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Science workshop ç§‘ĺŚ Mechanical properties
Acoustical properties
Optical properties
Brittleness: Ability of a material to break or shatter
Atomic weight: applies to individual
without significant deformation when under stress;
isotopes or specific mixtures of
opposite of plasticity
isotopes of a given element.
Bulk modulus: Ratio of pressure to volumetric
Speed of sound: speed of sound
Color: selective light
compression (GPa)
waves that travel inside.
spectrum reflectance
Coefficient of friction (also depends on surface finish)
Atomic mass
Luminosity
Coefficient of restitution
Acoustical absorption
Photosensitivity
Compressive strength: Maximum stress a material
Atomic number: applies to pure
can withstand before compressive failure (MPa)
elements only
Absorbance
Reflectivity
Elasticity: Ability of a body to resist a distorting influence or stress and to return to its original size
Chemical properties
Refractive index
Corrosion resistance
Scattering
and shape when the stress is removed Fatigue limit: Maximum stress a material can withstand under repeated loading (MPa) Flexibility: Ability of an object to bend or deform in
Hygroscopy: capacity of a material
response to an applied force; pliability;
to retain or absorb water within its
complementary to stiffness
structure
Flexural modulus Flexural strength Fracture toughness: Energy absorbed by unit area
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before the fracture of material (J/m^2)
pH: proportional to the concentration of H+ ions
Transmittance: percentage of light of all wavelengths that passes through. Radiological properties
Reactivity
Neutron cross-section
Specific internal surface area
Specific activity
Science workshop 科学
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Chemical structure of xanthophyll, a yellow pigment found in Micrococcus luteus.
Chemical structure of violacein, a violet pigment found in Chromobacterium violaceum.
Chemical structure of pyoverdine, a fluorescent pigment found in Pseudomonas fluorescent.
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# 4 Extraction of ink from S. coelicolor Content: 1. 2. 3.
Chemical properties of molecules: solubility, color, charge... Solvent extraction, crystallization, centrifugation. Mycelium and its properties.
Activities: 1. 2. 3.
Learn the role of actinorhodin in S.coleicolor’s life cycle. Extract, concentrate and use the pigment. Use the pigment as a material.
S. coelicolor is a filamentous, gram-positive bacterium representative of the group of bacteria responsible for producing most of natural antibiotics used in medicine. Its 8,7Mbp (7825 genes) have been totally sequenced in 2002. S. coelicolor is the most numerous and ubiquitous soil bacterium. They are capable of metabolising other organisms’ remains and thus play an active role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. The ‘earthy smell’ of the soil can be contributed to them as well. The live in mycelial colonies that are structurally similar to fungus. Bacteria of the Streptomyces genus produce important antibiotics like streptomycin and tetracycline. Colonies of streptomyces release many pigmented molecules that can be isolated in a pure form. This ability of producing pigments can be exploited to create living art (adapted from PLOS). In this experiment, we benefited from the ability of actinorhodin, a blue pigment, to precipitate and resuspend depending on the pH of the media. We got the strains from the John Innes Centre in Norwich (UK) and the laboratory of professor John Ward at UCL. This has been a resource used by teachers in a very easy PLOS publication (reference next page) or in the “grow your ink” workshop by Pili (presented at science gallery Dublin).
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Inoculate the p. dish Incubate 28 ℃5 days)
Crush the agar, put in 15 ml warm water
Filter the solution to remove the agar
acid
base
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Precipitate with acid, and filter
Dissolve with base solution and extract
water
Materials ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Inoculated (5-8 days before) CBA plates with S. coelicolor Sterile inoculating loops Painting brush and filter paper Test tubes or falcon tubes Gloves (S, M, L) Plastic Pasteur pipettes 2ml Coffee paper filters Vinegar, glacial acetic acid, or HCl (hydrochloric acid) 2M NaOH (sodium hydroxide, sometimes used to clean ovens) 5M
Protocol Before start extracting the bacterial ink, collect the white spores on the surface of the petri dish carefully and inoculate a new chicken broth petri dish. IMPORTANT: remain sterile while working with a petri dish that goes to the incubator. Streptomyces will show pigmentation in 4-7 days. When the culture has developed a saturated pigmented state, the pigments can be extracted from the media and used to make paints. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Crush the agar and put it in a beaker with clean warm water Wait about 20 min for the ink to come out of the agar and be dissolved in the water Separate the water from the agar, either by decanting the solution or by filtering with the paper filter. Make the ink in the blue solution precipitate by adding acid. You will see it start changing color first and then precipitating into a cloudy solution. Incubate at 4℃ 20 min. Filter the water and keep the filter with the precipitate. Add drops of NaOH to resuspend in high pH water. Squeeze into a tube and keep it away from sun. Paint something with it!
From: In Living Color: Bacterial Pigments as an Untapped Resource in the Classroom and Beyond Louise K. C. et al. PLOS journal. Published: 05/10/2010. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000510
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人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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Human Centered Design 人道主義
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プロジェクト
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Conclusions 結論
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Prospectives 将来
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Acknowledgments 謝辞
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