FROM OPEN SEWER TO OPEN (RE)SOURCE PARTICIPATORY SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING: PICA-PAU FAVELA IN RIO DE JANEIRO
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LEONEL LIMA PONCE Pratt Institute PSPD MS in Urban Environmental Systems Management Demonstration of Professional Competency Advisors: Jaime Stein . Alec Appelbaum . Evren Uzer . David Seiter Final Presentation - 26 April 2013
PRESENTATION AGENDA: INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES
PARTICIPATORY SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURES
FAVELA PICA PAU: CLIENT + SITE + COMMUNITY PARTICIPATORY PROCESS (FIELD WORK)
RESULTS + REASSESSMENTS
CONTINUATION + REPLICABILITY
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INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES URBAN MIGRATION + INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS over
50%
of population in cities a
GLOBAL URBAN MIGRATION
800 MILLION
in informal housing b
INFORMAL COMMUNITIES
61%
of population w/improved sewage c
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STRAINED INFRASTRUCTURE a: Grimm, N. et al. “Global Change and the Ecology of Cities.” Science; vol.319, Feb. 2008: 756-759. b: United Nations Millenium Development goals: 2011 update. (2010 statistics) c: United Nations Millenium Development goals: 2011 update. (2008 statistics)
INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURAL DEFICIT: RIO DE JANEIRO
76% of population has treated sewage a,b c
d
SEWAGE TREATMENT GOALS (RJ STATE) b *over R$ 135B cost (SE Region of Brazil)
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2015: 86% 2020: 89% 2030: 96%
a: Cavallieri, F.; S. Oliveira. “A melhoria das condições de vida de habitantes de assentamentos precários no Rio de Janeiro.” IPP (RIo de Janeiro City Planning Dept.). Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; December 2006. b: “Plano Nacional de Saneamento Básico (National Basic Sanitation Plan).” SNSA (National Secretariat of Environmental Sanitation of Brazil). Brasília, Brazil: April 2011. c: Open sewer in a favela in Rio de Janeiro. http://oglobo.globo.com/participe/mat/2010/11/10/rio-salgado-na-zona-norte-do-rio-sofre-com-acumulo-de-lixo-falta-de-cuidado-922995860.asp; by Sizenaldo Marinho do Nascimento d: Effluent reaching the Guanabara Bay. http://www.ambientalsustentavel.org/2011/bid-vai-emprestar-us-452-milhoes-para-melhorar-esgoto-na-baia-de-guanabara/
INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES SOCIOPOLITICAL INFRASTRUCTURAL DEFICIT: FAVELAS
R$ 8 BILLION
investment in development of favelas c
BY
2020
a
b
current favela redevelopment program
NO participation c
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a: A Morar Carioca community facility project in Rio de Janeiro. http://www.uppsocial.org/acao-prefeitura/programa-morar-carioca-secretaria-municipal-de-habitacao/ b: Removals at a favela in the Jacarepaguá neighborhood. http://comitepopulario.wordpress.com/2013/02/22/graves-violacoes-de-direitos-humanos-no-largo-do-tanque-em-jacarepagua/# c: Municipal Housing Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro. “Conheça o Programa.” Morar Carioca summary. http://www.rio.rj.gov.br/web/smh/exibeconteudo?article-id=1451251 d: Morar Carioca logo. http://www.cidadeolimpica.com/en/morar-carioca-en/
HOW CAN WE PROPERLY LEVERAGE THE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSETS OF OUR CURRENT URBAN CONDITION, SO AS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF ITS RESIDENTS?
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PARTICIPATORY SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURES
+ COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
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= NATURAL SYSTEMS
SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURES
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
LEADERSHIP COLLABORATION KNOWLEDGE
TRUST
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ACCOUNTABILITY ENGAGEMENT SOLUTIONS
TRANSPARENCY
NATURAL SYSTEMS
HABITATS PERFORMANCE SYSTEMS
PROCESSES
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BIODIVERSITY PUBLIC HEALTH OPEN SPACES
PRODUCTS
DEFINING A CLIENT
COMMUNITY
CLIENT
ECOSYSTEM (SITE) 10
DEFINING A CLIENT: SELECTION CRITERIA
PARTNERSHIPS INFRASTRUCTURAL NEED POTENTIAL IMPACT OPPORTUNITY COMMUNITY BUY-IN + ORGANIZATION 11
PARTNERSHIPS
RESEARCHER
LEONEL LIMA PONCE
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a, photo by Christina Park b. Catalytic Communities logo. courtesy of Catalytic Communities c, Irenaldo Honório da Silva. courtesy of Catalytic Communities
FAVELA ADVOCACY NGO
CATALYTIC COMMUNITIES
COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP
PICA-PAU RESIDENTS’ ASSOCIATION
SITE: RIO DE JANEIRO
Guanabara Bay PICA-PAU Niterói
Rio de Janeiro
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map: Google/ NOAA. “Rio de Janeiro.” Google Maps (Orthographic photography).
INFRASTRUCTURAL NEED RIO DE JANEIRO >>> CORDOVIL
sewage treatment plant
Governor’s Island (airport)
PICA-PAU
Guanabara Bay
Cordovil
~3 km
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sewage treatment plant
map: Instituto Pereira Passos (IPP). “Mapas Digitais do Rio de Janeiro.” (digital interactive maps). http://portalgeo.rio.rj.gov.br/ipp_viewer/?config=config/ipp/cadlog.xml
INFRASTRUCTURAL NEED RIO DE JANEIRO >>> CORDOVIL >>> PICA-PAU
AREAS OF RISK
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FAILING COMBINED SEWER
INFORMAL WATER PUMPS + SEWERS
images: Infrastructural issues, favela Pica-Pau. photos by Leonel Lima Ponce
OPEN SEWAGE DITCHES + FLOODING
WASTE DUMPING + CANAL CSO’S
POTENTIAL IMPACT: MORAR CARIOCA RIO DE JANEIRO >>> CORDOVIL >>> PICA-PAU Pica Pau (official boundaries): Est. Area a: 3,8000 m2 Est. Population (2010) b: 2,300 Estimated Cordovil favela complex (subject to Morar Carioca project) Est. Area a: 235,000 m2 Est. Population (2010) b: 12,000
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2,300-12,000 PEOPLE AFFECTED a: Instituto Pereira Passos (IPP). “Mapas Digitais do Rio de Janeiro.” (digital interactive maps). http://portalgeo.rio.rj.gov.br/ipp_viewer/?config=config/ipp/cadlog.xml b: IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). “Censo Demográfico 2010: Aglomerados Subnormais.” Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: 2010.
a
OPPORTUNITY: MORAR CARIOCA
MAR./APR. 2013 RFP + BIDS
DESIGN TEAMS CHOSEN
SITE SURVEY + DIAGNOSIS
PROJECT DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
* ARCHITECTS FOR CORDOVIL PROJECT CHOSE TO
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HOST A COMMUNITY MEETING.
OPPORTUNITY: MORAR CARIOCA
MAR./APR. 2013 RFP + BIDS
DESIGN TEAMS CHOSEN
SITE SURVEY + DIAGNOSIS
PARTICIPATORY PLANNING WORKSHOPS
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PROJECT DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
NATURAL SYSTEMS INCORPORATION
COMMUNITY BUY-IN + ORGANIZATION a
b
c
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ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
POLITICAL ADVOCACY
a, b, c: Favela Pica-Pau in Cordovil; Irenaldo Hon贸rio da Silva. courtesy of Catalytic Communities
PARTICIPATORY SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURES
PARTICIPATON STRATEGIES OPEN ENDED ACTIVITIES
RESULT ORIENTED ACTIVITIES
FAMILIAR TOOLS + SETTINGS
NOVEL TOOLS + SETTINGS
DIAGNOSTIC EXPLORATIONS
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SOLUTIONS
PARTICIPATON STRATEGIES: TIMELINE
MAR./APR. 2013 MORAR CARIOCA TIMELINE
SITE VISIT + WORKSHOPS MAR
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MAR
23
ORGANIZING MEETINGS
MAR
APR
30
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TRANSECT WALKS
COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOPS
PARTICIPATORY + SUSTAINABLE TIMELINE PRE-RESEARCH
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RESEARCH
COLLABORATIVE ORGANIZING MEETINGS PICA-PAU RESIDENTS’ ASSOCIATION (MAR. 23) COMMUNITY PRIORITIES AVAILABILITY a
CAPACITY PREFERRED SCOPE INITIAL VISIT: SYSTEMS DIAGNOSIS CATALYTIC COMMUNITIES (MAR./APR.) PROJECT TEAM AVAILABILITY
b
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a, Irenaldo Honório da Silva. courtesy of Catalytic Communities b. Catalytic Communities logo. courtesy of Catalytic Communities
CAPACITY
MARCH 30: TRANSECT WALKS COMMUNITY GUIDES
13 4
AGE TENURE
F
M
GENDER
COMMUNITY ICONOGRAPHY
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MARCH 30: TRANSECT WALKS PROCESS: THE WALK
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DIAGNOSE INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES
GROUP WALK
images: Transect Walks in Pica-Pau favela. 30 March 2013. photo by Leonel Lima Ponce.
MAP COMMUNITY INPUT
MARCH 30: TRANSECT WALKS PRODUCT: TRANSECT MAPS
GROUP OBSERVATIONS
ADAPTATIONS EXPLAINED
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images: Transect map of Aricambú Street, in Pica-Pau favela. 30 March 2013. photo by Leonel Lima Ponce.
RESIDENT DIAGNOSIS
RESIDENT INTERVIEWS
MARCH 30: TRANSECT WALKS PRODUCT: TRANSECT DIAGRAM
PRIORITY AREAS
PRIORITY ISSUES PRIORITY CATEGORIES
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images: Transect Diagram of Pica-Pau favela. 30 March 2013. photo by Leonel Lima Ponce.
APRIL 06: COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP PROCESS: “CITY AS PLAY”
FREE PLAY
Q: 27
FOUND OBJECTS
COMMUNITY BUILDING
How can Pica-Pau resolve its problems, especially water, sewage, and waste?
images: Favela Pica-Pau community visioning workshop, 06 April 2013. courtesy of Catalytic Communities.
APRIL 06: COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP PRODUCT: “CITY AS PLAY” - PHYSICAL MODELS
CONNECTING PROBLEMS + SOLUTIONS
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image: Favela Pica-Pau community visioning workshop, 06 April 2013. courtesy of Catalytic Communities.
APRIL 06: COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP PROCESS: REVIEW OF TRANSECT WALKS
BROADER PARTICIPATION TRANSPARENCY 29
images: Favela Pica-Pau community visioning workshop, 06 April 2013. courtesy of Catalytic Communities.
COMMUNITY PRIORITY RE-EVALUATION
APRIL 06: COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP PROCESS: SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CATALOG
NATURAL SYSTEMS 30
OBSTACLES TO IMPLEMENTATION
PRIORITIES ADDRESSED images: Sustainable Infrastructure Matrix, by Leonel Lima Ponce. photo by Leonel Lima Ponce.
POTENTIALS + VISIONS
APRIL 06: COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP PROCESS: COMMUNITY VISIONING SESSION
RESIDENTS GROUPED BY AREA 31
DISCUSSION BASED ON PRECEDING INFO (VISIONS)
images: Favela Pica-Pau community visioning workshop, 06 April 2013. courtesy of Catalytic Communities.
COLLABORATIVE PROCESS
APRIL 06: COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP PRODUCT: COMMUNITY VISIONING SESSION
PRIORITIZED SOLUTIONS
INCORPORATED SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS
ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSES
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image: Community vision exercise, Pica-Pau community workshop, 06 April 2013. photo by Leonel Lima Ponce
INITIAL RESULTS TRANSECT WALKS: TAKEAWAYS
DIAGNOSIS: RESIDENTS VS. OFFICIAL GROUP: DREW BYSTANDERS’ ATTENTION GROUP: ENRICHED DISCUSSION
SEVERE INFRASTRUCTURE FAILURE COMPLEX MIX: FORMAL + INFORMAL LACK OF SPACE FOR LARGE PROPOSALS 33
INITIAL RESULTS TRANSECT WALKS: PRIORITY ISSUES
FLOODING (ARICAMBU / ALLEYS) WATER SUPPLY: PUMPS + RAINWATER COLLECTION COMBINED SEWER SIPLLS OVER AT CATCHBASINS OPEN SEWERS + BROKEN PIPES = CONTAMINATION COMBINED SEWER OUTFALLS AT IRAJA RIVER WASTE DUMPED AT IRAJA RIVER DISEASES: INCIDENCES OF DENGUE, TB, OTHERS 34
PUBLIC WORKS EXACERBATE AREAS OF RISK
INITIAL RESULTS COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP: TAKEAWAYS
RESIDENT COLLABORATION RESIDENT LEADERSHIP +ACCOUNTABILITY
RESIDENTS: HOLISTIC SOLUTIONS BUY-IN: PROCESS + POSSIBILITIES
SMALL SCALE, PERSONAL SOLUTIONS LARGE SCALE, UTOPIAN SOLUTIONS 35
FEW NATURAL SYSTEMS IN SOLUTIONS
INITIAL RESULTS COMMUNITY VISIONING WORKSHOP: MAJOR VISIONS
BUILD OVER THE RIVER: SPACE GENERATION CISTERN UNDER SOCCER COURT: WATER SUPPLY + FLOOD REDUCTION RECYCLING PROGRAMS, STREET LEADERS: SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT DAYCARE > PRESCHOOLS >> TECHNICAL SCHOOLS CHILD + YOUTH DEVELOPMENT
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GREEN SPACES AT DITCHES + EMPTY LOTS NATURAL SYSTEMS
REASSESSMENTS
EXPAND TIMELINE ENGAGE EVEN BROADER DEMOGRAPHIC ADVOCACY + SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE JOB CREATION POSSIBILIIES SEPARATE DESIGN WORKSHOP MONITORING + MAINTENANCE WKSHOP 37
FEASIBILITY: TECHNICAL EXPERTS
“WE WANT THIS TO CONTINUE BEYOND APRIL 6, 2013. WE WANT TO GO BEYOND PAPER, BEYOND PROJECTS. WE WANT SOLUTIONS.” - Kelly Cristina Tavares de Jesus resident, Pica-Pau favela 38
CONTINUATION POSSIBLE PARTNERSHIPS RFP + BIDS
DESIGN TEAMS CHOSEN
SITE SURVEY + DIAGNOSIS
CATCOMM PUBLIC DEFENDERS STUDIO X IBASE 39
PROJECT DESIGN
CONST.
TIBA INSTITUTE UFRJ / PUC ARQHOS BOTANIC GARDENS
CONTINUATION FLEXIBILITY
MORAR CARIOCA PROCESS INCORPORATION
PARTICIPATORY + SUSTAINABLE PROCESS PARALLEL PLAN 40
COMMUNITY-BUILT INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS
CONTINUATION TIMELINE
MORAR CARIOCA TIMELINE
FUTURE WORKSHOPS MAY
MID
LATE
EARLY
2013
2013
2013
2014
REMOVALS + HOUSING RIGHTS
NATURAL SYSTEMS DESIGN
SUSTAINABLE PICA-PAU PLAN
MAINTENANCE + MONITORING
PARTICIPATORY + SUSTAINABLE TIMELINE 41
REPLICABILITY
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SIMILAR TRENDS
PICA-PAU: PARTICIPATORY EXAMPLE
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INFRASTRUCTURAL DEFICIT SOLUTIONS
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THANK YOU! MUITO OBRIGADO! 43
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pica-Pau Community (clients) Irenaldo Honório da Silva Resident Guides: Geraldo, Natalia, Paulo, Sebastião, Karolayne, Marissa, Zilá; interviewees Residents / Workshop Participants Catalytic Communities (project team) Theresa Williamson Catherine Osborn, Gloria Jimenez, Sarah De Rose Ministério Semear Church, Brás de Pina (workshop hosts) ARQHOS (survey/technical support) family + friends
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