HEALTH AND SAFETY by jackie morton

Town Centre Campus (TCC) Eastwood Lane, Rotherham, S65 1EG Rother Valley Campus (RVC) Doe Quarry Lane, Dinnington, S25 2NF TEL 01709 362111 FAX 01709 373053 EMAIL info@rotherham.ac.uk WEB www.rotherham.ac.uk

Ensure responsibility for Actions to reduce risks to Health and Safety

Candidateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Name .........................................

Hair & Beauty

Contents Page

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Introduction Whilst working through this booklet you will gain sufficient knowledge to give a better understanding of your own responsibilities regarding health and safety in your work place. The unit requires you to have the knowledge of eight health and safety regulations, and work place policies. Your tutor will give you a task with further details. You will also be expected to demonstrate your ability to identify hazards and reduce risks while working in the salon environment. It is very important that you keep this booklet in a safe place and remember to bring it along to your theory sessions as both reference and activity purposes.

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The Health and Safety at Work Act The act and all regulations that come under the act are to be followed in every working environment throughout the country.

PPE

Electricity at work regulation

The provisions and use of work equipment

The workplace (health, safety and welfare) regulation COSHH

RIDDOR

The manual handling regulation

This act is legislation and was passed through parliament, giving guidelines to both employers and employees; any person found to be breaking the act is liable for prosecution through a court of law. This particular act is the focus point of all other regulations and states that any one person whether employee or employer should endeavour to reduce the risk of harm occurring whilst in the work place. At your place of work there should be a safety policy for you to follow. This is a statement from your employer about the companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s commitment to your health and safety at work, it will explain who is responsible for making sure you are working in a safe place and how this will be done. First aid provisions should also be provided and if the employee themselves do not hold a first aid certificate there should be an appointed first aider to whom you can contact. Your employer must have completed risk assessments relating to health and safety. You should be told about these and how they are to be dealt with. If your company employs five or more people, the safety policy and risk assessments will be written down for you.

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The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulation This regulation covers the working environment and states in order to ensure the work place is a safe place, all the following should be provided and maintained; Ventilation. Lighting. Temperature/air conditioning Waste disposal. Toilets. Staff facilities for eating and resting. Safe salon planning. Maintenance of building Maintenance of equipment. It is the employers responsibility to provide and maintain all the above, for example if the lighting is inadequate for the service you are carrying out on a client the employer should install better lighting but if it is inadequate because a bulb has blown it is up to you to report this.

Activity Can you think of any thing you may be responsible for( as the employee) under this act? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

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Manual Handling Operation Regulation This regulation considers the risks involved when manual handling is carried out by the employee. The employer must assess the risk involved for the type of lifting and carrying that employees are expected to do within their job role. If the risk of injury can be reduced by using a lifting device then it is up to the employee to provide such a device and give training on how to use it. If a device is not required then the employee must receive training on how to lift and carry objects correctly as shown below.

Stand Close

Be sure grip won't slip

Squat down, keep back straight and bend knees

Lift with legs. When legs are straight, bring back to vertical position

When bending and lifting, stop and stretch at regular intervals

Hold object firmly, close to body

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The Provisions and Use of Work Equipment Regulations This act states that any person using any type of equipment in the workplace must have adequate training before using the equipment. An example of this regulation would be as follows, a level one beauty student would not be expected to use a waxing machine or a level one hair student would not be expected to cut a clients hair. It is the employerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s responsibility to have the adequate training and to train all employees before the use of equipment is allowed in the workplace.

Activity Can you think of your own responsibilities regarding this act also give an example of when you would use the training in your job role. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

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The Personal Protective Equipment Regulation (PPE) Personal protective equipment is all equipment that is intended to be worn to protect against one or more risks to health and safety. It is very important that the correct equipment is used, for example disposable gloves used in a beauty salon would not be adequate for use in the hair salon.

Activity List the items available in your work place for both yourself and the client. Self ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

Client _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________

Who do you think is responsible for providing the PPE? ___________________________________________________________________ How would you be following this act in your workplace? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

What harm could occur if you did not follow the act? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) This is the regulation that you will probably abide by the most in the hair and beauty industry. A hazardous substance is any chemical whether it is powder, liquid or a set liquid such as wax that may cease harm to any person. The regulation is divided into four categories as follows.

Store Handle Use

= must be stored in conjunction with manufacturers instructions. = must be handled in conjunction with manufacturers instructions. = only use for the purpose intended and apply as stated in the manufactures instructions . Dispose = in accordance with manufacturers instructions and local bylaws. The employer is responsible for providing the correct storage, means of disposal and giving adequate training in the use and handling of all hazardous substances. If you are ever in doubt always refer to the manufactures instructions, always be aware of the warning signs.

Activity Think of a substance in your own work place and state how you would follow the regulation. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What harm could occur if you had not followed the regulation? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ The Electricity at Work Act This regulation covers the safe use and maintenance of all electrical equipment. It states that the employer must ensure that all electrical equipment should hold a portable appliance test (PAT) label to show that it has been passed as safe to use by a qualified electrician and a record of this testing be kept for inspectorate purposes. Equipment must be purchased only for its intended use. The workplace should be fitted with a means of isolating the power supply at ease. You are responsible for the equipment you are using so you should always Know how to use it Visual check prior to use Use only for the purpose intended Isolate from power supply when finished Clean equipment after use Store safely in allocated area. If you do find a faulty piece of equipment you also have a responsibility to, Remove it from use Label it faulty Report to the person responsible for repairs.

Remember electricity kills

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Look at the picture below to identify the hazards in this salon.

How many did you find? ___________ Can you name the regulations that are being broken? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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As an employee you will be responsible for your own safety and that of others, the act states that you must: Learn how to work safely and obey safety rules. Use all equipment and protective clothing required. Report things that seem dangerous, damaged or faulty. Use only tools, machinery or substances that you have been trained and given permission to use. Never play practical jokes, they may kill!

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Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrence Regulation (RIDDOR) This regulation covers the reporting of accidents and work place illnesses, it states that all places of work should hold a record of any accidents that occurred in the place of work and all employees should know where to report the accident. The accident report book must be kept for three years to enable the health and safety executive to view at any time. The employer holds the greatest responsibility as it is he/she who would contact the enforcing authority if there was a death, or major injury, if a person had been absent from work for longer than three working days due to an injury at work or if a doctor had reported that an employee had a work related disease. The employeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s responsibility under this act would be to complete an accident report form if he/she had been injured at work or been witness to an accident, this form would then be handed to the employer.

Activity Do you know where the accident report forms are kept in your place of work and who is responsible for the reporting of accidents? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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Group Tasks Health, Safety & Government Legislation Affecting the Hairdressing Industry

Your Tutor will allocate you a Government Legislation to research that affects the Hairdressing Industry. For the act you are allocated you must summarise the main requirements of the act, who it affects and most importantly what implications does it have on a hairdresser working in the industry. The information you have gathered will then be presented to the group in a brief presentation. During the presentation the remainder of the group will be required to take notes on the legislation being presented. (If you are familiar with power point software you may use this to put your information forward.)

*This task will give you practice in summarising, research, listening and presentation skills.

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Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 Notes _________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Notes

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__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

Electricity at Work Regulations Act Notes _________________________________________________________

RIDDOR Notes

__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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The Personal Protective Equipment Regulation (PPE) Notes _________________________________________________________

Provisions and Use of Work Equipment Regulations Notes

__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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Manual Handling Operations Regulation Notes _________________________________________________________

The Workplace (Health & Safety & Welfare) Regulations Notes

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__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

Reduce the risk of fire Do you know what your responsibilities are if a fire broke out in the department? Below list the fire evacuation procedure. Imagine if you where in the salon with electrical equipment and clients. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

What harm would occur if you did not follow this procedure? ___________________________________________________________________ How well do you know the department? Below list where to find the following: Fire Exits ___________________________________________________________________ Specified assembly point ___________________________________________________________________ First aid equipment ___________________________________________________________________ Who is your appointed First Aider and how would you contact him/her?

Accident report book/ form

Fire fighting equipment ___________________________________________________________________

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Fire Fighting Equipment All fire extinguishers are now RED with colour coded labels. The labels give advice on the substance and suitability of fire type.

Blue = Powder Suitable for use on liquid and electrical fire

Cream = Foam Suitable for use on liquid fires

Black = Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Suitable for use on Liquid and electrical fires

Red = Water Suitable for use on wood, paper, textile and solid material

You should never attempt to use an extinguisher without having the correct training. Why do you think it is important to use the correct extinguisher? Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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Health and Safety To follow health and safety you first need to know how to spot a Hazard and reduce the Risk of the hazard. Definition Hazard = something with the potential to cause harm Risk = the harm that may occur from the hazard. Examples of risks and hazards. A trailing electric cable from a piece of equipment is a hazard, if it is trailing in a walk way it has a high risk of someone falling over it, but if it lies along a wall out of the way the risk is much less. Toxic/flammable chemicals are a hazard and present a high risk if they are not stored and handled correctly. However if they are stored in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and only used by people who have had the correct training the risk is much less. A failed light bulb is a hazard, if it is the only bulb to light up the whole room it is a high risk, but if it is only one of many light bulbs in the room it is less of a risk. A heavy box is a hazard. It presents a higher risk to someone who lifts it manually than if it was lifted by the correct device. Remember To reduce a risk you are preventing harm from occurring. Look at the following hazards and identify how the following hazards could develop into risks. State the action that should be taken to prevent the risk from occurring. 1) Hazard = pool of water on the floor. Risk ________________________________________________________________ Preventative action _________________________________________________________________ 2) Hazard= the plug of a hairdryer or wax pot has become loose. Risk ________________________________________________________________ Preventative action _________________________________________________________________

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3) Hazard= the delivery man has placed stock in front of the fire escape. Risk _________________________________________________________________ Preventative action _________________________________________________________________

4) Hazard= there is an open bottle of perm lotion or nail varnish remover on the trolley. Risk _________________________________________________________________ Preventative action _________________________________________________________________

Now, complete the chart overleaf.

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Ensure your own actions reduce risks to health & safety Identify hazards and evaluate risks in the workplace Area to check

Hazard

What is the risk?

Who is at risk?

Degree of risk High/Med/ Low

Action taken, or person reported to

Use and maintenance of equipment: Hair dryers, Steamers, Clippers, Heated styling equipment

The use and maintenance of tools, gowns, towels

The use of products or substances eg â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Shampoos, conditioners, setting and drying products, styling products, colouring and bleaching products, perm solutions and neutralisers, cleaning products

Working practices which do not conform to laid down policies (manufacturers or suppliers instructions)

Unsafe behaviour

Accidental breakages or spillages

Environmental factors

Remember â&#x20AC;&#x201C; It is important to remain alert to hazards in the workplace to reduce the risks of accidents to self and others Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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Salon Policies The health and safety regulations are written to cover all workplaces, not just the hair industry, it is then the employers/managers responsibility to produce policies to cover the requirements of the health and safety that are more specific to their own place of work. Below are the college salon policies, whilst working in the RWE it will be your responsibility not only to follow these policies but to guide Level one and two learners when they are unsure of the policies.

Shampooing and Conditioning – Gowning Protect client with: 1. Paper tissue – Place round back of the neck tucked into collar 2. Large Gown – Place over all the clients’ clothing tie at the back 3. Plastic cape – place over large gown tied at the front 4. Two towels, place one around the back of the client, secure with clip at the front. The second towel will be taken to the basin and placed on the client’s knee, this will then replace the first towel after the shampooing process and before detangling

Shampooing and Conditioning Products 1. All shampooing and conditioning products must be stored in a safe place away from direct sunlight 2. Handled with care (heavy containers lift in correct manner) 3. Replace all tops after use 4. Use carefully and correctly 5. Avoid contact with eyes 6. Rinse and dry hands after using to prevent dermatitis developing 7. Dispose by flushing down basin with running water

Client preparation when drying hair 1. Confirm desired result with client 2. Towel dry the hair to reduce the drying time (except very short, fine or curly hair) 3. Try to work with the natural fall of the hair (the style will last longer) 4. Keep the dryer moving to prevent burning the scalp 5. Dry root area first to increase volume 6. Always work from root to point 7. Always keep the air flow pointing from root to point (direction of cuticle growth) 8. Keep an even tension so not to over stretch the hair Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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The use of sprays 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

All spray products must be stored in a cool dark place, out of direct sunlight Handle with care to avoid dropping Use carefully, spray away from eyes Do not inhale fumes Do not use near naked flame Dispose of correctly in appropriate bin Do not puncture

Prepare clients for perming and neutralising Protect client with: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Paper tissue – Place round back of neck tucked in collar Large gown – Place over all clients’ clothing tie at the back Plastic cape – Place over large gown tied at front Two towels, place one around the back of the client, secure with clip at the front. The second towel will be taken to the basin and placed on the client’s knee, this will then replace the first towel after neutralising (rinsing) process and before neutralising process

Barrier cream around the hair line Damp cotton wool to prevent lotion running down the face/neck Carry out thorough consultation Carry out all necessary tests Maintain water temperature Maintain client comfort

Updating client record cards Colouring Services 1. Enter date 2. Product used 3. Colour codes 4. Hydrogen peroxide strength 5. Mixing ratios treatment 6. Application method 7. Development time 8. With/without heat 9. Percentage of white hair 10. Base shade

Perming Service 1. Enter date 2. Product name 3. Acid/Alkaline 4. Wind use 5. Rod size 6. Pre perm treatment used 7. Application 8. Development time 9. With/without heat

● All contra indications should be recorded and dated ● Any client wishes or concerns should also be recorded and dated Production of this material is attributed to Rotherham College of Arts and Technology Revision 1 Creative Studies/Hair & Beauty/2011-2012 5949 Health & Safety

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Client preparation when colouring hair Protect client with: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Paper tissue – Place around back of neck into collar Large gown – Place over all the clients’ clothing, tie back Plastic cape – Place over large gown tied at the front One dark towel, secure with clip at the front Skin test 24/48 hours prior to the service Recorded on the appointment sheet Desired colour identified with client by use of visual aid (colour chart) Hair analysis carried out: e.g. % of white, base, target shade, density, porosity and texture Remove colour from skin immediately after application

The Disposal of Waste Waste (hair clippings) should be placed in a covered bin with a liner in it Emptied daily into the outside bin Chemical waste should be flushed down the sink with lots of running water Sharps placed in the yellow bin provided, located in the technical salon which is then collected and the contents taken away and incinerated

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Safe Working Practice / Salon Policies Not only do we have to follow the health and safety regulation and salon policies we must also adhere to the safe working practice, these are practices that will become habit with confidence and experience. Below is a list of the services available in the hairdressing salon, some safe working practices are already laid down for you.

Activity

Shampooing hair ensure clients comfort throughout the service.

Cutting hair protect clients clothing

Blow drying hair avoid products on scalp, skin and eyes

Setting hair remove rollers without damaging the hair

Colouring hair protect clients skin

Perming hair use PPE

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The Dress Code Even the way we dress in the workplace carries health and safety considerations; letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s look at our own dress code in the college environment. The tunic is made of a fibre that is easily washed to maintain a good level of hygiene so not to offend the client, it is short sleeved and fitted to prevent the risk of it becoming caught in equipment and causing damage to yourself or others. Footwear should be a full shoe to prevent hair clippings from breaking the skin causing infection to the stylist foot.

Activity So why do you think jewellery should be kept to a minimum? ___________________________________________________________________

Unsafe Behaviour Unsafe behaviour in the salon will not only run the risk of causing harm to yourself and others but it could also result in damaging the salons professional image and potential loss of business.

Remember a safe salon is a professional salon and a professional salon is good for business

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