1 The Pykewater Library W. D. S. Pennington Fascism, Authoritarianism, Totalitarianism, Dictatorship The Nazis, Hitler Aalders, Gerard and Cees Wiebes. The Art of Cloaking Ownership: The Secret Collaboration and Protection of the German War Industry by the Neutrals: The Case of Sweden. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press, 1996. Adam, Peter. Art of the Third Reich. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, 1992. Adorno, Theodor, Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Daniel J. Levinson and R. Nevitt Sanford. The Authoritarian Personality. Brooklyn, NY: Verso, 2019. Albright, Madeleine. Fascism: A Warning. New York, NY: Harper/HarperCollins, 2018. Al Gathafi, Muammar. The Green Book. Alpers, Benjamin L. Dictrators, Democracy, and American Public Culture: Envisionism the Totalitarian Enemy, 1920s-1950s. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2003. Altemeyer, Bob. The Authoritarians. Lulu Online Publishing, 2006. Antliff, Mark. Avant-Garde Fascism: The Mobilization of Myth, Art, and Culture in France, 19091939. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2007. Apor, Balazs, Jan C. Behrends, Polly Jones and E. A Rees, Eds. The Leader Cult in Communist Dictatorships: Stalin and the Eastern Bloc. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. Ash, Timothy Garton. The Uses of Adversity: Essays on the Fate of Central Europe. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1990. Augusteijn, Joost, Patrick G. C. Dassen and Maartje J. Janse, Eds. Political Religion Beyond Totalitarianism: The Sacralization of Politics in the Age of Democracy. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Barron, Stephanie. “Degenerate Art”: The Fate pf the Avant-Garde in Nazi Germany. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, 1991. Berman, Sheri. Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe: From the Ancien Regime to the Present Day. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2019. Bessel, Richard. Life in the Third Reich (Second Edition). New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2001. Bloch, Marc. Strange Defeat: A Statement of Evidence Written in 1940. Trans. Gerard Hopkins. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 1999. Bosworth, R. J. B. Mussolini (Second Edition). New York, NY: Bloomsbury, 2011. Bosworth, R. J. B. Mussolini and the Eclipse of Italian Fascism: From Dictatorship to Populism. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2021. Bosworth, R. J. B. Mussolini’s Italy: Life Under the Fascist Dictatorship, 1915-1945. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 2007. Brown, Wendy, Peter E. Gordon and Max Pensky. Authoritarianism: Three Inquiries in Critical Theory. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2018. Browning, Christopher R. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in
2 Poland. New York, NY: Harper Perennial, 1998. Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce and Alastair Smith. The Dictator’s Handbook: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics. New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2012. Bullock, Alan. Hitler and Stalin: Parallel Lives. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1993. Bullock, Alan. Hitler: A Study in Tyranny. New York, NY: Harper Perennial, 1991. Burnham, James. The Machiavellians: Defenders of Freedom: A Defense of Political Truth Against Wishful Thinking. Washington, DC: Regnery/Gateway Editions, 1987. Chapoutot, Johann. The Law of Blood: Thinking and Acting as a Nazi. Trans. Miranda Richmond Mouillot. Cambridge, MA: Belknap/Harvard University Press, 2018. Cooper, Matthew. The German Army, 1933-1945. Boston, MA: Scarborough House, 1990. Crossman, Richard H., Ed. The God That Failed. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2001. De Almeida, Joao Nunes. The Sacralization of Time: Contemporary Affinities Between Crisis and Fascism. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020. De Mesquita, Bruce Bueno and Alastair Smith. The Dictator’s Handbook: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics. New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2012. Derby, Lauren H. The Dictator’s Seduction: Politics and the Popular Imagination in the Era of Trujillo. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2009. Dikotter, Frank. How to Be a Dictator: The Cult of Personality in the Twentieth Century. New York, NY: Bloomsbury, 2019. Domarus, Max. The Essential Hitler: Speeches and Commentary. Ed. Patrick Romane. Mundelein, IL: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, 2007. Doss, Erika, et al. Decoding Dictatorial Statues. Eindhoven, The Netherlands: Onomatopee, 2019. Edmundson, Mark. The Death of Sigmund Freud: Fascism, Psychoanalysis and the Rise of Fundamentalism. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007. Evans, Richard J. The Coming of the Third Reich. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 2005. Evans, Richard J. The Third Reich at War. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 2010. Evans, Richard J. The Third Reich in Power. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 2006. Falasca-Zamponi, Simonetta. Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini’s Italy. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1997. Finchelstein, Federico. From Fascism to Populism in History. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2017. Fitzpatrick, Sheila. The Commissariat of Enlightenment: Soviet Organization of Education and the Arts under Lunacharsky, October 1917-1921. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Frantz, Erica. Authoritarianism: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2018. Fraenkel, Ernst. The Dual State: A Contribution to the Theory of Dictatorship. Trans. E. A Shils. Clark, NJ: The Lawbook Exchange, 2010. Frantz, Erica. Authoritarianism: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2018. Friedrich, Otto. Before the Deluge: A Portrait of Berlin in the 1920s. New York, NY: Harper Perennial, 1995.
3 Fritzsche, Peter. Life and Death in the Third Reich. Cambridge, MA: Belknap/Harvard University Press, 2009. Gasman, Daniel. Haeckel’s Monism and the Birth of Fascist Ideology. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 1999. Gat, Azar. Fascist and Liberal Visions of War: Fuller, Liddell Hart, Douhet, and Other Modernists. New York, NY: Clarendon Press/Oxford, 2010. Geddes, Barbara, Joseph Wright and Erica Frantz. How Dictatorships Work: Power, Personalization, Collapse. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Gentile, Emilio. The Origins of Fascist Ideology, 1918-1925. Riverside, KY: Enigma Books, 2005. Gentile, Emilio. Politics as Religion. Trans. George Staunton. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006. Gentile, Emilio. The Sacralization of Politics in Fascist Italy. Trans. Keith Botsford. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996. Gentile, Giovanni. Origins and Doctrine of Fascism (With Selections from Other Works). Trans. A. James Gregor. New York, NY: Routledge, 2002. Geyer, Michael and Sheila Fitzpatrick, Eds. Beyond Totalitarianism: Stalinism and Nazism Compared. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Ginsburg, Tom and Alberto Simpser, Eds. Constitutions in Authoritarian Regimes. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Goebbels, Joseph. The Goebbels Diaries. Ed. Louis P. Lochner. New York, NY: Charter New York, 1948. Goldberg, Jonah. Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left from Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning. New York, NY: Doubleday, 2007. Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah. Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. New York, NY: Vintage, 1997. Golomstock, Igor. Totalitarian Art: In the Soviet Union, the Third Reich, Fascist Italy and The People’s Republic of China. Trans. Robert Chandler. New York, NY: Abrams Press, 2011. Golsan, Richard J., Ed. Fascism’s Return: Scandal, Revision, and Ideology Since 1980. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. Goodrick-Clarke, Nichola. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity. New York, NY: New York University Press, 2008. Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas. The Occult Roots of Nazism: The Ariosophists of Austria and Germany, 1890-1935. Wellingborough, UK: The Aquarian Press, 1985. Gottfried, Paul E. Fascism: The Career of a Concept. Dekalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 2016. Gregor, A. James. The Faces of Janus: Marxism and Fascism in the Twentieth Century. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000. Gregor, A. James. The Ideology of Fascism: The Rationale of Totalitarianism. New York, NY: The Free Press, 1969. Gregor, A. James. Marxism, Fascism, and Totalitarianism: Chapters in the Intellectual History of Radicalism. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2009.
4 Gregor, A. James. Mussolini’s Intellectuals: Fascist Social and Political Thought. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006. Gregor, A. James. Phoenix: Fascism in Our Time. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1999. Gregor, A. James. The Search for Neofascism: The Use and Abuse of Social Science. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Gregor, A. James. Young Mussolini and the Intellectual Origins of Fascism. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1979. Greitens, Sheena Chestnut. Dictators and Their Secret Police: Coercive Institutions and State Violence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Griffin, Roger. Modernism and Fascism: The Sense of a Beginning under Mussolini and Hitler. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Hagen, Joshua and Robert C. Ostergren. Building Nazi Germany: Place, Space, Architecture, and Ideology. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2019. Haggard, Stephan and Robert R. Kaufman. Dictators and Democrats: Masses, Elites and Regime Change. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016. Halberstam, Michael. Totalitarianism and the Modern Concept of Politics. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999. Hale, Henry E. Patronal Politics: Eurasian Regime Dynamics in Comparative Perspective. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2015. Havel, Vaclav, Et al. The Power of the Powerless. Ed. John Keane. New York, NY: Routledge, 2015. Heiber, Helmut and David Glantz, Eds. Hitler and His Generals: Military conferences, 19421945. West Point, KY: Enigma Books, 2002. Heller, Steven. Iron Fists: Branding the 20th Century Totalitarian State. New York, NY: Phaidon, 2008. Heller, Steven. The Swastika: Symbol Beyond Redemption? New York, NY: Allworth, 2008. Hewitt, Andrew. Fascist Modernism: Aesthetics, Politics, and the Avant-Garde. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993. Hewitt, Andrew. Political Inversions: Homosexuality, Fascism, and the Modernist Imaginary. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1996. Higham, Charles. Trading with the Enemy: The Nazi-American Money Plot, 1933-1949. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, 2007. Hinz, Berthold. Art in the Third Reich. New York, NY: Pantheon, 1979. Hitler, Adolf. Mein Kampf. Trans. Ralph Manheim. New York, NY: Mariner Books/Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001. Hohne, Heinz. The Order of the Death’s Head: The Story of Hitler’s SS. Trans. Richard Barry. New York, NY: Coward-McCann, 1970. Hutton, Christopher M. Linguistics in the Third Reich: Mother-Tongue Fascism, Race and the Science of Language. New York, NY: Routledge, 2014. Hutton, Christopher M. Race and the Third Reich: Linguistics, Racial Anthropology and Genetics in the Dialectic of Volk. Malden, MA: Polity Press, 2005.
5 Irving, David. Hitler’s War (Two Volumes). New York, NY: Viking, 1977. Johnson, Eric A. Nazi Terror: The Gestapo, Jews, and Ordinary Germans. London, UK: John Murray Publishers, 1999. Johnson, Eric A. and Karl-Heinz Reuband. What We Knew: Terror, Mass Murder, and Everyday Life in Nazi Germany: An Oral History. New York, NY: Basic Books, 2006. Judt, Tony. The Burden of Responsibility: Blum, Camus, Aron, and the French Twentieth Century. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2007. Judt, Tony. Past Imperfect: French Intellectuals, 1944-1956. New York, NY: New York University Press, 2011. Kaplan, Alice Yaeger. Reproductions of Banality: Fascism, Literature, and French Intellectual Life. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1986. Kershaw, Ian. The End: The Defiance and Destruction of Hitler’s Germany, 1944-1945. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 2011. Kershaw, Ian. Hitler: 1889-1936, Hubris. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2000. Kershaw, Ian. Hitler: 1936-1945, Nemesis. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2001. Kershaw, Ian. Hitler: A Biography. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2010. Kershaw, Ian and Moshe Lewin, Eds. Stalinism and Nazism: Dictatorships in Comparison. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2008. King, Dennis. Lyndon LaRouche and the New American Fascism. New York, NY: Doubleday, 1989. Kinser, Bill and Neil Kleinman. The Dream That Was No More a Dream: A Search for Aesthetic Reality in Germany, 1890-1945. New York, NY: Harper Colophon Books/Harper and Row, 1969. Kitchen, Martin. Speer: Hitler’s Architect. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015. Klemperer, Victor. I Will Bear Witness, Volume 1: A Diary of the Nazi Years, 1933-1941. Trans. Martin Chalmers. New York, NY: The Modern Library, 2016. Klemperer, Victor. I Will Bear Witness, Volume 2: A Diary of the Nazi Years, 1942-1945. Trans. Martin Chalmers. New York, NY: The Modern Library, 2016. Klemperer, Victor. The Language of the Third Reich: A Philologist’s Notebook. Trans. Martin Brady. New York, NY: Continuum, 2010. Koonz, Claudia. The Nazi Conscience. Cambridge, MA: Belknap/Harvard University Press, 2003. Kracauer, Siegfried. From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of German Film (Revised and Expanded Edition). Ed. Leonardo Quaresima. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019. Kramer, Joel and Diana Alstad. The Guru Papers: Masks of Authoritarian Power. Berkeley, CA: Frog Books, 1993. Kurlander, Eric. Hitler’s Monsters: A Supernatural History of the Third Reich. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2018. Lane, Barbara Miller. Architecture and Politics in Germany, 1918-1945. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968. Lasansky, D. Medina. The Renaissance Perfected: Architecture, Spectacle, and Tourism in Fascist Italy. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.
6 Lefort, Claude. The Political Forms of Modern Society: Bureaucracy, Democracy, Totalitarianism. Ed. John B. Thompson. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1986. Legutko, Ryszard. The Demon in Democracy: Totalitarian Temptations in Free Societies. Trans. Teresa Adelson. New York, NY: Encounter Books, 2016. Levitsky, Steven and Lucan A. Way. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Lifton, Robert Jay. The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York, NY: Basic Books, 1988. Lifton, Robert Jay. Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of ‘Brainwashing’ in China. Mansfield Centre, CT: Martino Publishing, 2014. Longerich, Peter. Goebbels: A Biography. Trans. Alan Bance, Jeremy Noakes and Lesley Sharpe. New York, NY: Random House, 2015. Longerich, Peter. Heinrich Himmler. Unknown Trans. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2012. Longerich, Peter. Hitler: A Biography. Trans. Jeremy Noakes. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2019. Lowenthal, Leo. False Prophets: Studies on Authoritarianism (Communication in Society, Volume 3). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2016. Luckert, Steven and Susan Bachrach. State of Deception: The Power of Nazi Propaganda. Washington, DC: U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2009. Martin, Benjamin G. The Nazi-Fascist New Order for European Culture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2016. Mazower, Mark. Hitler’s Empire: How the Nazis Ruled Europe. New York, NY: Penguin, 2008. McMeekin, Sean. The Red Millionaire: A Political Biography of Willy Munzenberg, Moscow’s Secret Propaganda Tsar in the West, 1917-1940. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004. Michaud, Eric. The Cult of Art in Nazi Germany. Trans. Janet Lloyd. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2004. Mosse, George L. The Fascist Revolution: Toward a General Theory of Fascism. New York, NY: Howard Fertig, 1999. Mosse, George L. Nationalization of the Masses: Political Symbolism and Mass Movement sin Germany from the Napoleonic Wars through the Third Reich. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991. Muller, Ingo. Hitler’s Justice: The Courts of the Third Reich. Trans. Deborah Lucas Schneider. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991. Mussolini, Benito. The Doctrine of Fascism. Middletown, DE: Zhingoora Books, 2017. Nicholas, Lynn H. The Rape of Europa: The Fate of Europe’s Treasures in the Third Reich and Second World War. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1995. Niven, Bill. Hitler and Film: The Fuhrer’s Hidden Passion. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2018. Nyomarkay, Joseph. Charisma and Factionalism in the Nazi Party. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1967. Ohler, Norman. Blitzed: Drugs in the Third Reich. Trans. Shaun Whiteside. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017.
7 Overy, Richard. The Dictators: Hitler’s Germany, Stalin’s Russia. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2006. Paxton, Robert O. The Anatomy of Fascism. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 2005. Paxton, Robert O. French Peasant Fascism: Henry Dorgeres’s Greenshirts and the Crises of French Agriculture, 1929-1939. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1997. Paxton, Robert O. Parades and Politics at Vichy: The French Officer Corps Under Marshal Peta. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1966. Paxton, Robert O. Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order, 1940-1944. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2001. Payne, Stanley G. Fascism: Comparison and Definition. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983. Payne, Stanley G. Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 2000. Payne, Stanley G. Franco: A Personal and Political Biography. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 2014. Payne, Stanley G. The Franco Regime, 1936-1975. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 2011. Payne, Stanley G. A History of Fascism, 1914-1945. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995. Payne, Stanley G. The Spanish Civil War. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Peters, Olaf, Ed. Degenerate Art: The Attack on Modern Art in Nazi Germany, 1937. New York, NY: Prestel, 2014. Petreu, Marta. An Infamous Past: E. M. Cioran and the Rise of Fascism in Romania. Trans. Bogdan Aldea. Chicago, IL: Ivan R. Dee, 2005. Pot, Pol. Pol Pot’s Little Red Book: The Sayings of Angkar. Ed. Henri Locard. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books, 2004. Proctor, Robert N. Racial Hygiene: Medicine Under the Nazis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988. Rauschning, Hermann. The Voice of Destruction. Unknown Trans. Gretna, LA: Pelican Publishing, 2003. Rees, Laurence. Auschwitz: A New History. New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2006. Reich, Wilhelm. The Mass Psychology of Fascism. Eds. Mary Higgins and Chester M. Raphael. Trans. Vincent R. Carfagno. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1980. Reimann, Gunter. The Vampire Economy: Doing Business Under Fascism. Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2011. Revel, Jean-Francois. How Democracies Perish. Trans. William Byron. New York NY: Harper Perennial, 1985. Rhodes, James M. The Hitler Movement: A Modern Millenarian Revolution. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1980. Ringer, Fritz K. The Decline of the German Mandarins: The German Academic Community, 18901933. Middleton, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1990.
8 Roberto, Michael Joseph. The Coming of the American Behemoth: The Origins of Fascism in the United States, 1920-1940. Schmitz, David F. Thank God They’re On Our Side: The United States and Right-Wing Dictatorships, 1921-1965. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. Schmolders, Claudia. Hitler’s Face: The Biography of an Image. Trans. Adrian Daub. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006. Scobie, Alex. Hitler’s State Architecture: The Impact of Classical Antiquity. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1990. Sherratt, Yvonne. Hitler’s Philosophers. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2013. Shirer, William L. Berlin Diary, 1934-1941: The Rise of the Third Reich. New York, NY: Barnes and Noble, 1997. Shirer, William L. The Collapse of the Third Republic: An Inquiry into the Fall of France in 1940. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1969. Shirer, William L. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1990. Short, Philip. Pol Pot: Anatomy of a Nightmare. New York, NY: John Macrae Books/Henry Holt and Company, 2006. Snyder, Timothy. On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century. New York, NY: Tim Duggan Books, 2017. Snyder, Timothy. The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America. New York, NY: Tim Duggan Books, 2018. Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr I. The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation (I-II). Trans. Thomas P. Whitney. New York, NY: Harper and Row Publishers, 1973. Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr I. The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation (III-IV). Trans. Thomas P. Whitney. New York, NY: Harper and Row Publishers, 1975. Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr I. The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation (V-VII). Trans. Harry Willetts. New York, NY: Harper and Row Publishers, 1978. Song, Aengus. Flowers from the Garden of Evil; Everyone’s Guide to the Elements of Authoritarian Dogma. Anacortes, WA: White Rose Publishers, 2016. Soucy, Robert. Fascism in France: The Case of Maurice Barres. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1972. Soucy, Robert. Fascist Intellectual: Drieu La Rochelle. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1979. Soucy, Robert. French Fascism: The First Wave, 1924-1933. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1986. Soucy, Robert. French Fascism: The Second Wave, 1933-1939. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. Speer, Albert. Inside the Third Reich: Memoirs by Albert Speer. Trans. Richard and Clara Winston. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company, 1970. Spotts, Frederic. Hitler and the Power of Aesthetics. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, 2018.
9 Stanley, Jason. How Fascism Works: The Politics of Us and Them. New York, NY: Random House, 2018. Stenner, Karen. The Authoritarian Dynamic. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Stern, Fritz. The Politics of Cultural Despair: A Study in the Rise of Germanic Ideology. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1974. Sternhell, Zeev. The Birth of Fascist Ideology. Trans. David Maisel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995. Sternhell, Zeev. Neither Right Nor Left: Fascist Ideology in France. Trans. David Maisel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995. Stewart, Susan, Ed. Democracy Promotion and the ‘Colour Revolutions’. New York, NY: Routledge, 2012. Sutton, Anthony C. Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler. Piscataway, NJ: GSG and Associates, 1976. Svolik, Milan W. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Tse-Tung, Mao. The Little Red Book: Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-Tung. Columbia, SC: 2018. Ullrich, Volker. Hitler: Ascent, 1889-1939. Trans. Jefferson Chase. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016. Versluis, Arthur. The New Inquisitions: Heretic-Hunting and the Intellectual Origins of Modern Totalitarianism. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2006. Viereck, Peter. Metapolitics: From Wagner and the German Romantics to Hitler (Expanded Edition). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2007. Voigt, Fritz August. Unto Caesar. New York, NY: Putnam, 1938. Wachsmann, Nikolaus. KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2015. Weber, Eugen. Varieties of Fascism. New York, NY: D. Van Nostrand, 1964. Weinreich, Max. Hitler’s Professors (Second Edition). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999.