GLOSSARY

abdicate give up abolish end accomplice someone who helps another commit a crime agriculture farming aliens noncitizens from a foreign country allies countries that help each other fight almanac small book with calendars and other important information amendment change or addition to the Constitution amenities things that make a place more convenient or enjoyable astronauts people who go to space bacteria dangerous germs bilingual able to speak two languages. biologist someone who studies the human body blackout when all electricity stops working blimp airship blueprint plan burglary breaking into a building against the law calculate figure out camaraderie friendship canal a man-made waterway that is used for transportation candidate someone running for a position capsized sunk cargo goods that are transported by plane, train, or boat cartridge container casual relaxed ceased stopped citizen a member of a country civilian anyone not in the army or police department coal patch towns towns owned by the mine owners code guidelines colony An area ruled by a country far away communist government a government where the state owns and controls all of the country's resources. commuter someone who travels some distance to work on a regular basis compatible able to work together complex difficult confederation a partnership between groups conquer take over conspirators the people who planned the crime consumed took over contaminated made impure or unclean, no longer safe to eat contaminated area an area with too much radiation contracted caught contributions help someone gives courier messenger cover pay for culture way of life data information debate argument decay break down deception trick delicate can be easily broken or damaged democratically elected government a government chosen by the citizens deploy move into position to attack deported sent back deposed removed from a position of power deposit to put money in a bank detention camp prison diaspora when people live in different places around the world instead of their homeland disbelief shock discriminate to treat some people worse than others dismantle take apart embargo when a country refuses to sell something to another country employees workers enlisted hired essential extremely important established started evacuation removing people from a certain place executive branch the president and his cabinet expansion making something bigger expatriates people who move away from their home countries expose have contact with exterminate kill extinct when all of a specific species dies out federal belonging to all the states flat rate a rate that is the same amount for everyone focal point what your eyes are drawn to first freedmen freed slaves glycol a chemical that helps ink write in liquids. goods products gorge a deep, narrow valley with steep sides granted given gravity the force that pulls everything down harassment bother hijack to take control of something, usually and airplane hostage a prisoner who is kept until certain demands are met hover remain in one place in the air immigrant someone who comes to live in a new country immunized protected impeach remove someone from their position implemented put into effect imports products people bring to the country to sell inaugural address the first speech a president gives incinerated burned income the money a person makes from their job income tax a portion of your money the government takes to pay for the government to operate industry type of business inferior worse inmate prisoner inscribed written interest money the bank pays people who leave money with them invaded attacked inventory the items a store sells investor someone who buys shares in a company irreparable not fixable isthmus a narrow strip of land with ocean on both sides that connects two larger areas of land judicial branch the federal court system key figure someone very important labor work lectures speeches legislative branch Congress members who make the laws loot steal luxurious very fancy maintain keep up malnourished weak from not eating healthy food mast the pole that holds the ship's sails methods ways of doing something mined dug monument structure built in memory of an important person or event natives people who live where their families are from natural resources materials in nature that humans use naturalized become citizens nautical miles the way boats measure distances naval base where the army keeps its warships navy the part of the army that fights in the water negotiate try to make a deal neutral to avoid choosing sides in a fight nomination when someone is recommended for a position or opportunity nutrition eating the right foods object argue occupied took over offense crime oil refinery where oil is cleaned and made into gasoline for cars orbit to travel around something ordinances laws outlawed forbade patrol guard pedestrians people walking in the street pen name a name authors use when they don't want to use their real name penalties punishments

Pentagon headquarters of the Departement of Defense, where decisions about war and security are made physician doctor plantations huge farms used for planting planted placed plotted planned pogrom riot preamble an introduction premium money paid for insurance progressive rate a rate that depends on a person’s income protests gatherings of people objecting to something prototype model proverbs wise sayings publicize announce ratify to make a law or amendment official reactor a machine that makes electricity regime government (mostly used for bad governments) regulations rules reimburse pay back remote far from where people live reparations money a country pays to take responsibility for what it did wrong repeatedly many times rescue save research to learn everything about something resigned quit restricting stopping rigorous extremely tough riot series of violent attacks scandal doing something that makes everyone angry secede separate from a country or organization segregated separated seldom rarely settlers people who live in places other than where their families are from share a small part of a company the company sells spared saved species types standard common stateless not citizens of any country stock market where companies sell shares stock market crash when stocks lose a lot of value strained weakened strike when people stop working until the owners meet their demands. succumb to die from injuries. sum amount superior leader surrendered gave up fighting territory land a country owns the front where soldiers fight the war timely coming exactly when it is needed torpedo a bomb that works underwater transatlantic across the Atlantic Ocean transportation moving someone or something transporting moving treaty agreement tribes groups vaccine shot vantage a spot with a good view of something vast large wages pay waterway a pathway in the water for boats weapons of mass destruction weapons that are very powerful and put civilians in danger