reMARK Spring 2015 Science Issue by Arches at Mount Mary University

reMARK MOUNT MARY UNIVERSITY

MILWAUKEE

SPRING 2015

INSIDE

SCIENCE BROUGHT TO YOU BY

ARCHES ISSUE 2

OF ATTRACTION

p. 20

(re) DESIGNING

FASHION

p. 26

Letter from the Editor

Table of Contents

STAFF

Campus

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Science Programs Prepare Students 4 Advancing Cancer Research 7 Alliance for Science 11

Brittany Seemuth

ART DIRECTOR Rennie Patterson-Bailey

WEBSITE/SOCIAL MEDIA MANAGER

read, panic, unease, trepidation and a general sense of chickenheartedness (isn’t that a great word?!) are just a few phrases that could describe the feelings in the Arches newsroom the day we decided to publish a science magazine (those were likely just my own feelings). It’s not just because of my unnatural love for coming up with synonyms that I opened my letter this way. No, in a room full of staff members who are primarily English, fashion and fine art majors, science was not a part of our usual discourse. When we began brainstorming story ideas, I would commonly find myself asking, “Is this science related?” Well, the truth is that science is everywhere. Why are some of us more attracted to inappropriate dates and mates than others? And why are we more likely to engage in a relationship when holding something warm, or eating a piece of candy? These thought-provoking questions on love are just a few addressed in Leea Glasheen’s article on the science of attraction, page 20. The hair dye additive, Olaplex, might be the next big breakthrough in hair care. Our reporter (and on-staff hair stylist) Nhung Nguyen explores the effects of this product across the hair care industry. With claims like, “Insurance for the hair,” Olaplex might be the service you ask for during your next salon visit. I cannot forget to send a special thanks to Mount Mary’s dynamic science faculty members, especially Dean Cheryl Bailey, Dr. Teresa Holzen and Dr. Lynn Diener, for all of their support in piecing this issue together from the start. Their passion for education seeps through in every conversation, quite akin to the very essence of the Mount Mary University community. _

Natalie Guyette

Environment All About the Basin

BUSINESS MANAGER Rachel Schneider

SECTION EDITORS Megan Biere Natalie Guyette Nhung Nguyen

Shannon Molter Rennie Patterson-Bailey Shannon Venegas

Creative Works Bluestone: My Chemical Reaction

WRITERS Megan Biere Emily Chapman Leea Glasheen Natalie Guyette Nhung Nguyen

15 Quilled Paper Color Wheel 17 Impressionism, Fashion and Modernity 17 A Celebration 18 Collapse 19

Samantha Mandich Shannon Molter Rennie Patterson-Bailey Brittany Seemuth

DESIGNERS

Sophie Beck Natalie Guyette Denisse Hernandez

Rennie Patterson-Bailey Sheila Suda

Mind

PHOTOGRAPHERS

FACULTY ADVISERS

Review ‘Eating Dangerously’

Rennie Patterson-Bailey Shannon Molter

Brittany Seemuth

Linda Barrington Laura Otto

The Science of Attraction

Arches is written and edited by the students of Mount Mary University, who are solely responsible for its editorial content. Arches is a member of the Associated Collegiate Press.

Eco-Fashion

(re) Designing Fashion 26

Editor-in-chief seemuthb@mtmary.edu

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MOUNT MARY UNIVERSITY

SPRING 2015

Body

Contact Arches at Arches, Mount Mary University 2900 N. Menomonee River Pkwy. Milwaukee, WI 53222 414-258-4810 ext. 327 Email: mmu-arches@mtmary.edu

MILWAUKEE, WIS.

Beneath Beauty 28 The Science Behind the Strand 31 The Blood Type Diet 34

STAY UPDATED AT WWW.ARCHESNEWS.COM INSIDE

SCIENCE ATTRACTION OF

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(re) DESIGNING BROUGHT TO YOU BY

ARCHES ISSUE 2

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Cover photos and design by Rennie Patterson-Bailey

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LIKE US! Arches

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 3

Letter from the Editor

Table of Contents

STAFF

Campus

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Science Programs Prepare Students 4 Advancing Cancer Research 7 Alliance for Science 11

Brittany Seemuth

ART DIRECTOR Rennie Patterson-Bailey

WEBSITE/SOCIAL MEDIA MANAGER

Natalie Guyette

Environment All About the Basin

BUSINESS MANAGER Rachel Schneider

SECTION EDITORS Megan Biere Natalie Guyette Nhung Nguyen

Shannon Molter Rennie Patterson-Bailey Shannon Venegas

Creative Works Bluestone: My Chemical Reaction

WRITERS Megan Biere Emily Chapman Leea Glasheen Natalie Guyette Nhung Nguyen

15 Quilled Paper Color Wheel 17 Impressionism, Fashion and Modernity 17 A Celebration 18 Collapse 19

Samantha Mandich Shannon Molter Rennie Patterson-Bailey Brittany Seemuth

DESIGNERS

Sophie Beck Natalie Guyette Denisse Hernandez

Rennie Patterson-Bailey Sheila Suda

Mind

PHOTOGRAPHERS

FACULTY ADVISERS

Review ‘Eating Dangerously’

Rennie Patterson-Bailey Shannon Molter

Brittany Seemuth

Linda Barrington Laura Otto

The Science of Attraction

Arches is written and edited by the students of Mount Mary University, who are solely responsible for its editorial content. Arches is a member of the Associated Collegiate Press.

Eco-Fashion

(re) Designing Fashion 26

Editor-in-chief seemuthb@mtmary.edu

reMARK

MOUNT MARY UNIVERSITY

SPRING 2015

Body

Contact Arches at Arches, Mount Mary University 2900 N. Menomonee River Pkwy. Milwaukee, WI 53222 414-258-4810 ext. 327 Email: mmu-arches@mtmary.edu

MILWAUKEE, WIS.

Beneath Beauty 28 The Science Behind the Strand 31 The Blood Type Diet 34

STAY UPDATED AT WWW.ARCHESNEWS.COM INSIDE

SCIENCE ATTRACTION OF

p. 20

(re) DESIGNING BROUGHT TO YOU BY

ARCHES ISSUE 2

FASHION

p. 26

Cover photos and design by Rennie Patterson-Bailey

2 Archesnews.com Science 2015

LIKE US! Arches

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Campus

CAMPUS 56

Be challenged as you collaborate. Be engaged as you explore. Be encouraged as you put principles into practice. Core student experiences, according to Web page for the School of Natural and Health Sciences.

‘SCIENCE PROGRAMS PREPARE STUDENTS TO TRANSFORM WORLD’

~ Cheryl Bailey, Dean of the School of Natural and Health Sciences

Science is an integral part of liberal education BY EMILY CHAPMAN

PHOTO BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

4 Archesnews.com Science 2015

EMILY CHAPMAN, reporter, is a Mount Mary University undergraduate majoring in English with a writing for new media concentration and minoring in fine arts and Spanish. CHAPMANE@MTMARY.EDU PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Nicole Ordway likes a challenge. As a student at Mount Mary University, she chose to study science because she said it was an unusual major for a woman. “I knew it’d be challenging and offer a rewarding future,” Ordway said. She graduated in 2014 with a biology health sciences major and a chemistry minor. Ordway is currently working as a production and distribution supervisor at Sigma-Aldrich, a St. Louis-based science technology company. She is also working on a master’s degree in public health and a doctorate in chemistry. Ordway said that the science classes at Mount Mary provided her with the skills needed for a career in science. “At Mount Mary, I was able to have hands-on experience and dedicated one-on-one time with my professors in the laboratory,” Ordway said. “In certain classes, we were treated as colleagues working with our professors, allowing us to foster our own ideas and experiments.” Science is not new at Mount Mary, but has been a part PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

of the school since it opened in Milwaukee in 1929. In the 1939 edition of “The Autobiography of the College,” Edward Fitzpatrick, president of Mount Mary from 1929 to 1954, explained the importance of having a science curriculum. “Science … is consequently an essential part of a liberal education,” Fitzpatrick said. “It should be a part of the intellectual and spiritual inheritance of every student at Mount Mary College. Its object with us is not to make scientists but to make educated human beings.” Originally, chemistry and biology were the only science majors offered. Now, the science department has become part of the School of Natural and Health Sciences, and several majors have been added, such as radiologic technology, added in 2008. The science department was originally located on the third floor of Notre Dame Hall. In 2002, construction was started on the Gerhardinger Center, a new building for science-related fields. The building cost approximately $7 million. Funding was provided Science 2015 Archesnews.com 5

Campus

CAMPUS 56

‘SCIENCE PROGRAMS PREPARE STUDENTS TO TRANSFORM WORLD’

~ Cheryl Bailey, Dean of the School of Natural and Health Sciences

Science is an integral part of liberal education BY EMILY CHAPMAN

PHOTO BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

4 Archesnews.com Science 2015

56 CAMPUS

Above: Laboratories may be coldly scientific, but they are warm and cozy places to work in during bleak November days, according to the 1935 Arches yearbook caption for this photo. Right: Anne Gorshek, Doris Braun, Mary Alice Huntley and Teresa McNee are members of the Science Club. According to the 1938 Arches yearbook, the primary aim of the club is a deeper and more widespread appreciation of each branch of science.

through a $20 million capital fundraising campaign that funded multiple projects on campus and a contribution of at least $500,000 from the School Sisters of Notre Dame for the right to name the building after the order’s founder, Mother Theresa Gerhardinger. Construction was completed in 2004, and the science department relocated in the fall of that year. It has been almost 11 years since the science department moved, but its goal is the same. On its page on the Mount Mary website, Cheryl Bailey, dean of the School of Natural and Health Sciences, said the goal of the department is “to help students be able to improve themselves and their communities to make the world a better place.” Lynn Diener, chair of the science department, said that it is very important to develop people who are scientifically literate. “So many people have fear of science, and we need people who are comfortable with the science that you see in the news,” Diener said. “You’re [Arches is] doing a whole issue about science. We need people to be able to read that and not be afraid.” 56 With a model in hand, biology students Bonnie Depies, Marlene Marouse, Mary Lee and Barbara Martin bring up the age-old question: “Which came first — the chicken or the egg?” The photo is from the 1963 Arches yearbook.

6 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PHOTOS PROVIDED BY MOUNT MARY ARCHIVES

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

CAMPUS H

“That picture is really cool because you can see the spikes on the surface of the cancer cell. Cancer cells with these spikes are usually invasive, meaning they can invade and start dividing in a new organ or area of the body. That’s what it means when a cancer has “spread” or metastasized. Contrast that spikey cancer cell with the white/grey blood cells around it that have smooth surfaces. The black circles in the background are actually holes in the surface. The cells are on top of a surface with microscopic holes.” (Dr. Holzen)

PHOTO: SUSAN ARNOLD; NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

Yeast project may aid in cancer research If the grant proposal is accepted, independent study positions would allow students to earn credit hours through laboratory work BY BRITTANY SEEMUTH

Mount Mary University’s science department is developing a yeast genetics testing project that could potentially contribute to advancements in cancer research. The project is part of a $300,000 research grant from the National Institute of Health that the department is currently applying for. Teresa Holzen, assistant professor of biPAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

ology at Mount Mary, and Cheryl Bailey, dean of the School of Natural and Health Sciences, are spearheading the project. Holzen and Bailey have until the end of June to send in the grant proposal.

Why Yeast Cells?

According to Holzen, the study of yeast genetics may help researchers bet-

ter understand how cells control their cell division. “When a cell divides, it’s a pretty big deal because when it’s out of control, it turns into cancer,” Holzen said. Yeast cells are preferred to animal cells as test cells because they are easier to maintain and are similar to human cells – both contain a nucleus and have Science 2015 Archesnews.com 7

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H CAMPUS “Here’s the opportunity for students to discover new things – that’s an important component of the nature of science,” Bailey said. “To help Dr. Holzen with her interest in moving the research and the knowledge further in this area, the students will gain such a wonderful opportunity from that, so it’s win, win.” If the first application is not accepted, the department has two options: reapply for the grant again, or apply to local foundations for smaller increments. However, Bailey said the most important part of the entire process is the inevitable organization that comes with applying the first time around. “Just getting a grant together can really help you get the proper team together, the proper thoughts together and a really good pathway,” Bailey said. H

Eukaryotic cells divide by mitosis to make an exact replica of themselves. Before a cell divides by mitosis, it needs to make a complete copy of its genome in a process called DNA replication.

Timeframe

Holzen and Bailey will be applying to the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Health. Holzen estimated minimally one year before the research would begin on campus, if approved; this would mean overcoming unlikely odds. “To be honest, it’s really hard to get money the first time around, really hard,” Holzen said. “There’s been huge budget cuts to the National 8 Archesnews.com Science 2015

Institute of Health and to other foundations, too, just because of the economy and other things. Right now for the particular award I’m applying for, there’s about a 10 percent success rate.” A low acceptance rate for the first application is not the only difficult factor involved with the funding. If approved, the $300,000 grant would be distributed over a finite timeframe of three years – and taken back if not spent within that three-year stretch. “You have this amount of money to spend in this amount of time, and once the time runs out, if you have money left over, it’s gone,” Holzen said, “which is kind of unfortunate, but there’s always that opportunity to reapply.” Dean Bailey trusts the application process. As a former grant evaluator herself for the National Institute of Health, the National Science Foundation and the Howard Hughes Institute, Bailey said the huge benefit of the application process is that it sets up an easier path for further applications if first rejected. “We go in knowing it very well may not be funded the first time around, but what you get from that process is your three-year plan of experiments now mapped.” Bailey said “Three to five years is mapped out in detail, just by doing the application.” With the success of the plan, students would get real world research experience. That, Holzen said, is where the real science begins. “Science isn’t done in a classroom doing one lab once a week, where everything is laid out in front of you, and you read the instructions and do your experiment, and you get a result and draw a graph about it, and that’s that,” Holzen said. “That’s not really how science works in real life.” Bailey explained how the benefits of this research are equal across the board for Mount Mary students and faculty alike. PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

According to Dean Bailey, for the first time on campus, Dr. Holzen is bringing in bench-top research. What is bench-top research? In short, it is evidence-based research. “The students would be making new discoveries on the molecular level of living organisms,” Bailey said. “Yeast is the model system she is going to use. Students will be doing that on the bench, scientifically. They will be reading papers and doing DNA searches on the computer. It’s evidence-based research, doing experiments at the lab bench.”

GRAPHIC: NATIONAL CENTER FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY INFORMATION

similar genes involved in cell division. According to Holzen, while yeast cells can divide about every two hours, human cells take 12. “In general, as long as a yeast cell is kept at a relatively warm temperature (30 degrees Celsius/86 degrees Fahrenheit) and there are sufficient nutrients and oxygen in its environment, the cell will divide once every two hours,” Holzen said. “The media, or the liquid or gel that contains the nutrients that the yeast need to grow, is easy and relatively inexpensive to make in a laboratory.” If something goes wrong with a cell, checkpoints should stop that cell from dividing, Holzen explained. When a cell becomes cancerous, the DNA gets damaged, and as a result, the cell will begin to divide uncontrollably. “If the DNA of a healthy human cell gets damaged, and this cell can’t repair the damage, the cell will undergo apoptosis, which is programmed suicide,” Holzen said. “I’m interested in the factors that help the cell decide it’s okay, or the processes like DNA replication that have to happen in order for a cell to divide.” If approved, the research would allow for complete student involvement. Holzen is interested in establishing independent study positions for students where credit hours can be earned through laboratory work.

Benchtop Research:

IMAGE BY MAXIM ZAKHARTSEV

Two cells of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the process of dividing, magnified 1000 X.

BRITTANY SEEMUTH, editor-in-chief, is an undergraduate student in the English program with a concentration in writing for new media. SEEMUTH@MTMARY.EDU

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 9

CAMPUS H

Eukaryotic cells divide by mitosis to make an exact replica of themselves. Before a cell divides by mitosis, it needs to make a complete copy of its genome in a process called DNA replication.

Timeframe

GRAPHIC: NATIONAL CENTER FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY INFORMATION

Benchtop Research:

IMAGE BY MAXIM ZAKHARTSEV

Two cells of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the process of dividing, magnified 1000 X.

BRITTANY SEEMUTH, editor-in-chief, is an undergraduate student in the English program with a concentration in writing for new media. SEEMUTH@MTMARY.EDU

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 9

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Adriana Newson, a 2014 Mount Mary University graduate, first came to Mount Mary as a biomedical engineering transfer student from Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and left with a new outlook on life and a passion to continue her schooling to become a physician’s assistant. Newson’s journey was deeply rooted in her love of science. “After studying engineering for two years, I discovered that it was not what I really wanted to do,” Newson said. “I had rushed into things too quickly after high school and hadn’t thoroughly taken the time to figure out what I wanted to do with my life … I discovered I still had the passion for science but not engineering.” Newson chose Mount Mary because of its reputation. She entered the science program and became a biologyhealth sciences major with a minor in chemistry, receiving her Bachelor of Science degree. Taking full advantage of what Mount Mary had to offer her, Newson became a microbiology laboratory technician during her junior and senior years. Newson said she enjoyed caring for her collection of microbes, and it was one of her favorite memories as a student. “Adriana was my student in BIO 442, Advanced Microbiology,” said Teresa Holzen, assistant professor of biology. “She did a really interesting experiment where she investigated whether exposing a population of bacteria to ultraviolet light caused an increase in the rate of antibiotic resistance in that bacteria population. I was really impressed with her attention to detail.” Newson now works as a microbiologist. She uses her attention to detail to interpret, analyze and report the results of biological and chemical tests and monitors the yeast colonies established during yeast propagation throughout the brewing process for MillerCoors Brewing. Newson is grateful for the undergraduate experiences that Mount Mary provided her and for the science department and its influence on her. “Maureen Leonard, my adviser, professor and supervisor, left the largest impression on me blossoming into a scientist,” Newson said. “I would be remiss to not also mention Colleen Conway, Steven Levsen, Lynn Diener, Teresa

MMU Foodservice @Mt_Mary_Food mmu_food mmu_food

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RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY, art director, writer, editor, is completing her undergraduate degree in fine art with minors in theology and writing for new media. She works as a freelance photographer and graphic design artist. PATTERSL@MTMARY.EDU PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Holzen and Sister Pat; each of them have left her own mark on my understanding and love of science.” Newson said her natural curiosity and tendency to ask questions led her to the sciences, yet it was an art class that truly gave her direction. “With a critical eye, I was able to discover the intricacies of the human form, and I found them beautiful,” Newson said. “After I developed a complete understanding of the superficial aspect of the human form, I wanted to know what lay beneath the skin.” This curiosity about the human body, fostered through art, inspired Newson to pursue a career in medicine as a physician’s assistant. She is currently saving money so she can continue her education and work toward that goal, while remaining true to Mount Mary’s values and mission. “As I move forward in my career toward what I would like to do, more characteristics of the [Mount Mary] mission statement will be relevant,” Newson said. “As a physician’s assistant I hope to become a leader in healthcare and remain creative as I use innovation and new ideas to heal problems I see in my patients.” /

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Environment

ENVIRONMENT +

All About That Basin

The trouble with the basin ...

MILWAUKEE RIVERKEEPER: GET INVOLVED IN YOUR LOCAL WATERWAY CLEANUP

BY NATALIE GUYETTE

Milwaukee Riverkeeper, a non-profit organization in Milwaukee, has been cleaning up your trash since 1995. The organization is committed to protecting water quality and wildlife habitat in Milwaukee’s rivers. It also advocates for responsible land use in the Menomonee and Kinnickinnic River Watersheds. The organization’s annual river cleanup is one of the largest volunteer efforts in the state. This year’s 20th Annual Spring River Cleanup will be held April 18 from 9 a.m. until noon at more than 50 locations throughout the Milwaukee area. The first cleanup in 1995 attracted 100 volunteers; last year, approximately 4,000 people participated in the cleanup by picking up trash trapped in Milwaukee’s waterways. More than 7,000 bags of trash were collected. Cheryl Nenn is the Riverkeeper at Milwaukee Riverkeeper, or as she explained, the “advocate-in-chief.” Nenn sees volunteers pull tons (literally!) of trash each year from Milwaukee’s rivers. The most common finds include cigarette butts, shopping carts and plastic bags. Volunteers collect garbage at one of the cleanup sites in Milwaukee during the 2014 Annual Spring River Cleanup. PHOTO PROVIDED BY MILWAUKEE RIVERKEEEPER

“A tremendous amount of waste that is coming into the rivers is coming in from us,” Nenn said. “It’s coming from the streets. It’s coming from home[s] … Depending on the location, it can be a matter of seconds, minutes, hours, also depending on the sewage system. But it does get [to our waterways].” Nenn explained that untreated storm water (from rain or melted snow) transports litter from the streets, ditches or lawns to storm drains. In many areas of Milwaukee, the trash travels to the rivers, and Nenn and her volunteers are charged with cleaning it up. While some stormwater and wastewater is filtered through a treatment plant, in some areas it enters municipal storm drains, follows an underground pipe system, and is discarded directly into rivers and streams. “When you do a river clean-up … it really does get people to think differently about their own habits and hopefully make some changes,” Nenn said. “People are so disconnected from their trash and where it goes.” + NATALIE GUYETTE, writer, designer, is an undergraduate student hankering for a degree in English with a writing for new media concentration. When she’s not working on Arches, she’s actually still working on archesnews. com as the website manager. GUYETTEN@MTMARY.EDU

GRAPHIC BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

A RIVER BASIN is a portion of land which encompasses many streams and creeks that flow into a river, eventually leading to a larger body of water such as a lake, and eventually an ocean. A watershed refers to a smaller area of land that drains into a stream, creek or river. Many watersheds make up a basin.

SHEBOYGAN

FOND DU LAC

THE MILWAUKEE RIVER BASIN is located in portions of seven counties and contains six watersheds: Milwaukee River North, Milwaukee River East-West and Milwaukee River South, Cedar Creek, Menomonee River and Kinnickinnic River, including streams, lakes, ponds and wetlands. The watersheds flow into Lake Michigan and into the Atlantic ocean. THE ANNUAL 2015 SPRING RIVER CLEANUP is Saturday, April 18 at 9 a.m. There are several cleanup sites located near Mount Mary’s campus along the Menomonee River. Sites include the following areas: North Avenue, Hampton Avenue, Hoyt Park and Hart Park. Check the website (milwaukeeriverkeeper.org) for up-to-date information and site specifics.

Scan here for more information on the 2015 Spring Cleanup

OZAUKEE

WASHINGTON

WAUKESHA TO THE RIGHT are the grades that the Milwaukee River Basin received in 2012 based on the water quality data collected by volunteer stream monitors at 100 sites throughout the basin. In 2012, the average grade for the basin was a C-, up from the D+ the basin received in 2011. To see the detailed reports and learn more about the Milwaukee Riverkeeper organization, visit its website at www.milwaukeeriverkeeper.org. 12 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

MILWAUKEE MILWAUKEE RIVER BASIN MAP AND INFORMATION PROVIDED BY MILWAUKEE RIVERKEEPER

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 13

Environment

ENVIRONMENT +

All About That Basin

The trouble with the basin ...

MILWAUKEE RIVERKEEPER: GET INVOLVED IN YOUR LOCAL WATERWAY CLEANUP

BY NATALIE GUYETTE

GRAPHIC BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

SHEBOYGAN

FOND DU LAC

Scan here for more information on the 2015 Spring Cleanup

OZAUKEE

WASHINGTON

PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

MILWAUKEE MILWAUKEE RIVER BASIN MAP AND INFORMATION PROVIDED BY MILWAUKEE RIVERKEEPER

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 13

Creative Works

CREATIVE WORKS 9

luestone: My Chemical Reaction BY SARA RAASCH

I’ve never liked science. It could be that I don’t understand it. It might be because I’m just not wired in that way. But more likely, it’s because when I was in eighth grade, science class nearly killed me. We were doing an experiment. There were test tubes, flames from Bunsen burners, and a strange chemical called Bluestone. My lab partners and I were putting the Bluestone into the test tube. We were heating it up over the Bunsen burner as instructed. We all heard our science teacher, Mr. Jeske, say, “Whatever you do, DO NOT cover up, or shake the test tube.” Why Teri Ryan thought it was a good idea to do both, I don’t know. But she did. The Bluestone was heating up quite well, and I guess we were supposed to figure out one of the compounds of Bluestone. The color had changed from the brightest blue, to something dark when Teri put her thumb over the end of the test tube and shook it most violently. Through our safety glasses we watched as the test tube exploded: our mouths gaped open in surprise. Seconds later I fell violently ill. I turned to Lori Wasserburger and said, “Lori, I feel sick.” What I didn’t know, and what she deduced from my black tongue, was that the moment of the explosion, was the same moment I opened my mouth. And the exact place where my mouth opened on my 5 ft. 2 in. frame, would be the precise place where the chemical would land. My tongue. One thing we remembered Mr. Jeske saying repeatedly before each experiment was that if anyone ever ingested any chemical, we should, without delay, “induce vomiting.” I wasn’t surprised to hear Lori yell, in a voice that sounded strange and deep and not hers at all, “Induce vomiting! Induce vomiting!” Mr. Jeske was next to me in an instant, which, given his girth, was surprising. He inspected my black tongue, and shepherded me to a sink, where he gave me a solution of Palmolive liquid (dishwashing solution). He told me to drink it and vomit. I was not one who listened to my mother when she said that breakfast was the most important meal of the day. I had nothing in me to throw up, other than a little liquid bile. Meanwhile, my friends were in the halls of Thomas Jefferson Middle School in Madison, Wisconsin, carrying the news that I was going to die. I didn’t. It turns out that one of the compounds of Bluestone

CREATIVE

WORKS This section is where we feature YOUR work. Do you have ideas bubbling up? We accept artwork, photography, poetry and flash fiction. We are giving a voice to the student body of Mount Mary University! ‘What garlic is to salad, insanity is to art.’ –Augustus Saint-Gaudens 14 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

is salt. Another is H2O. There was no ambulance ride to the hospital – which would have been exciting. There was no doctor. There was a phone call between Mr. Jeske and most likely a physician who told me to drink plenty of water, and said I should be okay. I was sent home to my mother, and told I couldn’t eat for the rest of the day. My instructions were to drink water – which was hard to do when I slipped out of the house with my best friend, Hessie, to walk to West Towne Mall across the way from our school. I watched her eat French fries and drink Pepsi – which is something you do every day after school when you are thirteen. And now that I am way older than that, I wonder if it was the science of Bluestone that saved me. If it had been anything but Bluestone, things may have turned out wrong. My favorite color is blue. My dining room is lined with gorgeous blue wallpaper. My kitchen counter is made of quartz. It is a Scandinavian blue – a shade darker than Bluestone. And if I wanted, I could buy 5 pounds of Bluestone crystals for $14.99 (plus shipping) from eBay, right now. No science was never my thing. But Bluestone, forever, is. 9

SARA RAASCH is a graduate student in the English program by night and is employed by Milwaukee Public Schools by day. She has a concentration in creative writing and plans to graduate this May.

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 15

Creative Works

CREATIVE WORKS 9

luestone: My Chemical Reaction BY SARA RAASCH

CREATIVE

PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

SARA RAASCH is a graduate student in the English program by night and is employed by Milwaukee Public Schools by day. She has a concentration in creative writing and plans to graduate this May.

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 15

CREATIVE WORKS

Impressionism,

Impressionism, Fashion and Moder nity

Fashion and

BY PAKOU VANG

Modernity

What is the relationship between fashion and nature? How can two opposing things coexist together? Nature, for one, is the collective phenomena of the natural physical world. Fashion, on the other hand, is the fabricated craze of mankind in a commercialized industry. And yet, we get so inspired by the natural world that has so much influence on how we dress and what we wear. Th is dr ess is my co nver sat io n co nj o ining nat ur e and fas h io n.

PAKOU VANG is a senior in the fashion design program. She is inspired by architechture, shape, and texture. She combines her knowledge of fit and design with her innate creative abilities to create garments that reflects the kind of woman she strives to be: poised, fearless, sexy and strong.

The dress is constructed and fitted to the human body in an inorganic way that required technical shaping. Contradictory to that, the fabric was made from an organic material, cotton fibers, spun and woven together. The base print of the dress consists of an impressionist brushstroke style that aims at capturing the effects of natural light. In opposition, the upper print of the dress displays an arrangement of geometric shapes. I find it to be a beautiful clash.

Quilled Paper Color Wheel

COURTNEY BUDIAC has had a passion and natural talent for greeting cards, gift packaging, and creating books since she was young, making her graphic design major an easy fit. After attending Mount Mary parttime for the past seven years her journey here is ending in May. She is very anxious to be able to begin her career as a graphic designer.

BY COURTNEY BUDIAC

The assignment was given in Color Theory to create a creative 12 hue color wheel using primary, secondary, and tertiary colors at their highest saturation in the proper order and in a circular design. The idea was to create a creative, inventive composition out of any medium we wanted to use; paints, paper, pencils, or markers. I chose to focus the assignment on my love for creating out of paper and tried for the first time a technique called â&#x20AC;&#x153;quillingâ&#x20AC;? which is to cut thins strips of paper, fold and manipulate them into shapes and glue down.

16 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 17

CREATIVE WORKS

Impressionism,

Impressionism, Fashion and Moder nity

Fashion and

BY PAKOU VANG

Modernity

Quilled Paper Color Wheel

BY COURTNEY BUDIAC

16 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 17

CREATIVE WORKS

Collapse Installation created for GE Menlo “Empathy” project, Sculpture, Fall 2014

BY MADELINE OLSAN

A Celebration BY KAT DONNELLY

PHOTO BY PHOENIX RAMSDELL

18 Archesnews.com Science 2015

MADELINE OLSAN is a senior at Mount Mary, studying art therapy and fine art. Outside of her schoolwork, she is interested in horticulture and issues of environmental conservation and sustainability.

KAT DONNELLY is a graphic artist who’s awaiting her senior art show and graduation. PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

How do we relate to our ecology? Is it possible to empathize with it? We are inherently part of the natural world and our ecology. Like a web, it extends all around us, enveloping and supporting. For some reason we as humans see ourselves as divorced from this greater structure, as outsiders, unaffected by it. If any part of the web were to become damaged or disappear, however, the entire thing would collapse into itself, us included. As humans we have the unique ability to modify this web we are a part of and to reverse damage done. One part of our ecology that is on the verge of becoming a hole in the great web is the pollinator the honey bee. Between the industrialization of bees to pollinate large cash crops, the ubiquity of toxic pesticides including neonicotinoids, loss of habitat, and a variety of other bee-specific ailments, the number of hives in the U.S. has dropped by more than 50 percent since 1950 due to colony collapse. It is here, mid-century, where this scene takes place. Three-dimensional honeycomb structures grow from the ceiling, invading this domestic space. The ceiling itself collapses inward. I really wanted this scene to feel like an invasion of a human space, a collapsing of human reality (the built spaces we reside in) to include what is happening in our ecology (colony collapse). I hope to create empathy for the cause of the decline of the honeybees through portraying the problem in a human context. Science 2015 Archesnews.com 19

CREATIVE WORKS

Collapse Installation created for GE Menlo “Empathy” project, Sculpture, Fall 2014

BY MADELINE OLSAN

A Celebration BY KAT DONNELLY

PHOTO BY PHOENIX RAMSDELL

18 Archesnews.com Science 2015

MADELINE OLSAN is a senior at Mount Mary, studying art therapy and fine art. Outside of her schoolwork, she is interested in horticulture and issues of environmental conservation and sustainability.

KAT DONNELLY is a graphic artist who’s awaiting her senior art show and graduation. PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

PAGE BY NATALIE GUYETTE

Mind

LEEA GLASHEEN, writer, editor, is enrolled in the English graduate program with a concentration in creative writing. Creative writing is her existential imperative. She teaches Spanish, Japanese and English and is currently teaching online. GLASHEED@MTMARY.EDU

MIND

“We need to be more thoughtful in terms of attraction and love. That infatuation stage

makes us a little irrational. We’re feeling a lot of biological things when the focus of our love comes into view. For long-term relationships, we are finding that initial infatuation phase fades within six months, or it can be two months. If a person has that fairytale point of view and needs to be all tingly, they will probably be moving from person to person. For a long-term relationship, they need more understanding and sharing and support.” Laurel End

Affairs of the Brain

ith Valentine’s Day in our rearview mirror, let’s put away giddy, romantic notions and examine the science of attraction. Do our conscious thoughts play a greater role in choosing our mates or do our subconscious and chemistry control our behaviors? Dawn Maslar is an author and speaker about the science of attraction and also wrote the TED-ed video, “The Science of Attraction.” According to Maslar, “attraction is a combination of both intellectual choice and power of chemistry.”

THE

SCIENCE OF

Maslar said that at first, people have no clue as to why they are attracted to another person. “In the beginning, a lot of the attraction is subconscious,” Maslar said. “It’s initially really about your senses – your eyes. We sense pheromones. And your environment can have a big effect on how attracted you are. If you are holding something warm or if you are eating candy, you are more likely to initiate a relationship.” It is later in a relationship that a person starts sorting based on compatibility.

ATTRACTION 20 Archesnews.com Science 2015

BY LEEA GLASHEEN

PAGE BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

“The neural activity spreads out into the prefrontal cortex,” Masler said. “This is where you decide if it’s something you want to pursue or not.” According to Dr. Tammy Scheidegger, associate professor in the counseling program at Mount Mary University, evolution plays a big role in how attraction works in our brains and whom we choose as a mate. Scheidegger said that people have an evolutionary drive to hook up with someone so we can procreate. More specifically, she explained that when you Science 2015 Archesnews.com

Mind

MIND

“We need to be more thoughtful in terms of attraction and love. That infatuation stage

Affairs of the Brain

THE

SCIENCE OF

ATTRACTION 20 Archesnews.com Science 2015

BY LEEA GLASHEEN

PAGE BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

MIND

think that you’re in love and feeling obsessed with a person early more obvious and push us back out.” in a relationship, it is “dopamine and serotonin being flooded into Things like stress can weaken the connections to the prefronthe system.” tal cortex, and Maslar said this pulls us back into less desirable Sex drive, romantic drive and the drive for longer attachment relationships. all have evolutionary underpinnings, Scheidegger said, and it all “You can be at the mercy of the fight or flight response, making works together. you more likely to respond to your attraction,” Maslar said. “No part of the brain works in isolation,” Scheidegger said. Does all of this mean that we are slaves to our brain chemistry? “In reality our brain and the different centers in our brain End said that although biology has a lot to do with things, it is work together.” not the only factor in our decision-making about whom to date Though everyone’s brain reacts similarly in order to create ator choose for a mate. traction, there are some differences “Even if biology is driving us, a between men’s and women’s brains. heart beats faster or maybe we are Scheidegger shared that men fall he evaluation part is very important, the dating sweating – all of those things that in love more quickly. we feel when we are attracted to – designating a time to evaluate. The initial attraction can each other or in love, our brains are “From an evolutionary standpoint, men choose woman who be for the wrong reasons. Women who date the wrong trying to make sense of the biologiare in good health, have good men are reacting to initial attraction. Those who take time cal signals,” End said. “We are not fertility, and are younger than slaves to the hormones and the to evaluate for compatibility are on the right track. It’s them,” Scheidegger said. “Men physiological changes in our body if are more driven by visual imagimportant to have fun when you are dating. A lot of people we stop to ask what another reason ery than women. Their centers of be, but we don’t always do take it too seriously. When you are having fun, you make could their brain are more activated by that, so we think it is the cute guy.” visual images. It’s not that woman Scheidegger said that cultural better connections.” don’t care about appearance, but factors will affect how able we are to Dawn Maslar evolutionarily, they are more overcome more primitive instincts. drawn to men who show signs of “Human beings live in the context status and increased resources. From an evolutionary standpoint, of our family, our peers, and in the wider social system and our women have looked for men who can take care of them and culture,” Scheidegger said. “Those factors will all come into play their offspring.” when we are initially attracted to somebody and have the dopaLaurel End, professor and chair of the Mount Mary psycholmine and serotonin flooding in. Some people can think through ogy department, warned that our biology can even pull us back that and override it, and some cannot.” into a relationship when we have broken it off with someone. She added that hormones or pheromones (a chemical secreted by “When you break up with someone, the more time that passes, animals that influences the behavior of others, often attracting them) the memory becomes weaker,” End said. “We remember the more are one piece of the attraction puzzle, but they are not so powerful positive aspects, so people can yo-yo because the positive parts are that they can be infused into a perfume that could make a person atmore obvious. Then as soon as we are back in, the bad parts are tracted to someone whom they would not otherwise be attracted to.

MIND

“T

From the evolutionary standpoint ...

WOMEN are more drawn to men who show signs of status and increased resources. Women look for men who can take care of them and their children.

MEN choose women who are in good health, have good fertility, and are younger than them. They are driven by looks more than women are. Their centers of their brain are more activated by visual images.

Maslar agreed that a person’s chemistry does not control them. “Our mind holds veto power,” Maslar said. “For example, you might find yourself wildly attracted to a married colleague. Your body registers the attraction, but you quickly try to cancel the feeling because the individual is not available.” It seems that experts agree that when we are trying to find a safe harbor for our hearts or just a date for Saturday night, there is a tug-of-war between the primitive brain and the prefrontal cortex. This is complicated by a cataract of chemicals that attract us for various reasons and to various ends. Brenae Clarke, international studies and Spanish major at Mount Mary, advised not to go looking for love, but to “be steady in yourself first.”

“Be happy and content with yourself before you try to build your happiness and contentment around another person,” Clarke said. For more information on the science of attraction, including details on how senses affect our choices, go to http://dawnmaslar.com/ted-ed-science-attraction and watch the TED-ed, “The Science of Attraction.” SCAN TO SEE MASLAR’S TED TALK

ADVICE ON FINDING A PARTNER

“Don’t go looking because if you go

looking for it, you’re going to get an #$!#@ who’s desperate. I found my boyfriend in the most unexpected way, and he’s the love of my life. [The unexpected way is a secret.]”

“Have standards.” Elena Payne Undecided

Cat Bernthal

Dr. Tammy Scheidegger

Fine Art

“Don’t go looking because usually,

when you are not looking is when you find a person.” Courtney Furlow

Dr. Tammy Scheidegger

Fashion Merchandising

“Make sure that you get to

know them well. If something is not working or there are problems, then work it out until you get it fixed, but if it doesn’t, just let it go.” Cynthia Vazquez Undecided

GRAPHIC BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

22 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 23

MIND

“T

From the evolutionary standpoint ...

WOMEN are more drawn to men who show signs of status and increased resources. Women look for men who can take care of them and their children.

ADVICE ON FINDING A PARTNER

“Don’t go looking because if you go

looking for it, you’re going to get an #$!#@ who’s desperate. I found my boyfriend in the most unexpected way, and he’s the love of my life. [The unexpected way is a secret.]”

“Have standards.” Elena Payne Undecided

Cat Bernthal

Dr. Tammy Scheidegger

Fine Art

“Don’t go looking because usually,

when you are not looking is when you find a person.” Courtney Furlow

Dr. Tammy Scheidegger

Fashion Merchandising

“Make sure that you get to

know them well. If something is not working or there are problems, then work it out until you get it fixed, but if it doesn’t, just let it go.” Cynthia Vazquez Undecided

GRAPHIC BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

22 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 23

BOOK REVIEW

‘Eating Dangerously’ This book will change the way you think about food BY NATALIE GUYETTE

f you’ve eaten a meal today without experiencing anxiety, congratulations. You are one fearless consumer. But perhaps, before you go grocery shopping next, you should read a bit more about where exactly your food came from. And I’m not talking about those sprightly potato farmers that are always pictured basking in the morning sunlight and proclaiming their family story on the back of your potato chip bag. “Eating Dangerously: Why the Government Can’t Keep Your Food Safe ... and How You Can” is a nonfiction book written by two investigative reporters, Michael Booth and Jennifer Brown, published by Rowman and Littlefield Publishers in March 2014. While the first few chapters feel like an episode of the television show, “Scare Tactics,” it’s really just delivering raw facts that the entire U.S. population should be aware of. Except we’re not aware because the dangers found in our food supply are not something the mainstream media likes to cover. With chapter titles like, “The Whole World in Your Kitchen” and “Too Many Cooks, Not Enough Test Tubes,” the book delves into every step of the real farm-totable process. It is not just about the cheery farm-to-table talk you get from those nice restaurants that leave you feeling like you just cured the universe of its processed food epidemic (great feeling, but possibly false hope).

24 Archesnews.com Science 2015

The book presents a comprehensive case, beginning by presenting facts and concluding by presenting solutions. Brown and Booth include information about foodborne illnesses of the past and present, food inspections, and other You should read this information you need to book if you: know about the process your food takes from farm to table. && Eat food, ever. I found the book && Know other people that eat fact-heavy, but only food, even sometimes. because it’s new infor&& Do not feel comfortable mation. If it had been a topic in rotation in the with ignorance. public sphere, read&& Would like to know more ing this book would about the FDA, budget merely be a reinforcement of conversation. cuts and where our food However, this is not the supply fits in to all of these case. When you read wonders. this book I recommend having writing utensils for highlighting and underlining and being prepared to reread parts you’d like to “digest” further. Did you know that 33 people died from eating cantaloupe in 2011? Death by fruit! Jensen Farms is a producer of cantaloupe, onions, carrots and watermelon, to name a few, in Holly, Colorado. Unfortunately for consumers, Jensen Farms decided that cantaloupe and potatoes are basically the same

REVIEW && thing, therefore can be sorted at the same speed in the same machine. Because of the speed, the cantaloupe were not properly washed of bacteria, and an outbreak of Listeria caused many illnesses and yes, 33 deaths among consumers. Prior to the food outbreak, Jensen Farms’ produce had never been swabbed by inspectors. This is not a rare case. I repeat, this is not a rare case. It is neither safe nor accurate to assume your food has been tested. “Eating Dangerously” will affect the way you eat your next meal. You will go to the grocery store and wonder if your spinach was washed properly. Without having to memorize the specifics, statistics and facts, the book will shake into you a sense of alarm. In fact, the second half of the book is dedicated to advising you how to shop at the grocery store after you’ve had the wits scared out of you. From how to store leftovers, to a fair argument of which foods you should maybe just eliminate from your diet, the book offers options to wade your way back into wise eating decisions. At least you will be educated! Booth and Brown provide a no-nonsense, rich and informative read that raises awareness and prompts its readers to take action the next time the need to shop for groceries arises. The detailed insight about governmental budget cuts, the role of the FDA, and background on farm inspections lends it to be an unbiased source, allowing you to form your own opinions. You eat every day, and you shouldn’t continue to eat until you’ve consumed some literature like this fact-driven, investigative look into today’s food culture. &&

PHOTO BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY GRAPHIC BY SHEILA SUDA

PAGE BY SHEILA SUDA

NATALIE GUYETTE, writer, designer, is an undergraduate student hankering for a degree in English with a writing for new media concentration. When she’s not working on Arches, she’s actually still working on archesnews.com as the website manager. GUYETTEN@MTMARY.EDU

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 25

BOOK REVIEW

‘Eating Dangerously’ This book will change the way you think about food BY NATALIE GUYETTE

24 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PHOTO BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY GRAPHIC BY SHEILA SUDA

PAGE BY SHEILA SUDA

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 25

Eco-Fashion

NO NEW CONSUMPTION: (re) designing fashion

BY SAMANTHA MANDICH

ut with the new, in with the old. Eco-fashion is increasingly becoming trendy in the United States and along with that, upcycling. Upcycling is the process of taking old materials and using them to make something new. This is both a fashion designerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and fashionistaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s jackpot. Instead of throwing away an old dress, you can cut it up and turn it into a shirt or donate it to Goodwill, where a designer might pick it up shortly after. Lanni Lantto, eco-fashion designer and advocate, makes all of her garments for her label, (re), by upcycling. She also does public speaking across the country and shares her passion for eco-fashion. After hearing more about her, you may never want to buy something brand new again. With a Bachelor of Arts degree in

gender studies and a Master of Arts degree in international law, fashion was not the original plan for Lantto. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I am not a fashion designer going eco; I am an environmental and social activist gone fashion designer,â&#x20AC;? wrote Lantto on her website, LanniLantto.com. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I was seeking balance,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I had just spent six years finishing my college degrees and my brain was exhausted from researching, writing and thinking. I cared immensely for the subject matter, but I desperately wanted to be creative and use my hands. I would turn music on, and ideas would flood to me about how I could turn regular items in my apartment into clothing.â&#x20AC;? To bring her creative inspirations to life, Lantto taught herself how to sew. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The more I created, the more I realized the potential to use clothing as wearable art to initiate a dialogue on social/environmental issues,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I really was just trying to enjoy my life a bit more than I had been.â&#x20AC;? Even though redesign was not always Lanttoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s plan, she said it has always been a key part of who she is as a person. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I saw redesigning my own clothes as a way of expressing my individuality,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I started out by just cutting out a cool design from my old t-shirts and hand-sewing it onto another shirt I owned â&#x20AC;Ś it was my own small way of expressing who I was to the outside world. I never cared too much about fashion. For me, it was always a way to distance myself from the mainstream.â&#x20AC;? Lantto hopes to inspire and educate people by designing clothing that follows a â&#x20AC;&#x153;no new consumptionâ&#x20AC;? rule. Above: Lantto walks the runway alongside one of her models, showing off one of her many designs. Left: The dress design incorporated the use of a parachute, an old bridesmaids dress and a thrift store corset. Far Right: An outdoor mosquito tent was used to create an evening dress.

When she speaks publicly about the topic, her goal is to spread awareness and teach others how to get into the upcycling lifestyle. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to be educated, and that is what eco-fashion does,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It asks, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Why is it important to make this out of organic cotton?â&#x20AC;&#x2122;, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Why does this only cost $5?â&#x20AC;&#x2122;, and sometimes even, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Why do I feel empty when I have a closet full of stuff?â&#x20AC;&#x2122; I donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t want to be a part of the problem; I want to be a part of the solution. I think we all do, but we just donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know how. If I can live my life in such a way that others see it is possible, I would call that a success.â&#x20AC;? Krista Olson, a junior in fashion design at Mount Mary University, interns for Lantto. Olson asked Lantto to do a presentation for some of the fashion classes on campus in hopes of opening some new doors for her fellow students. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Working and knowing about Lanniâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s company has opened my eyes to something more than just fashion â&#x20AC;Ś you can do what you love and make it your career,â&#x20AC;? Olson said. Lantto said she is inspired by the lives of saints. â&#x20AC;&#x153;[The saints] inspire me because they gave their lives up to a higher purpose. They didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t live just for themselves,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Their lives werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t defined by careers and accumulating large bank accounts â&#x20AC;&#x201C; yet they had a certain happiness about them. When Mother Teresa was attending to a dying man in the slums of Calcutta, a western reporter said to her, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;I wouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t do this job for a million dollars.â&#x20AC;&#x2122; She replied, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Neither would I.â&#x20AC;&#x2122; That is inspiring.â&#x20AC;? Many fashion designers live in the future, making collections for future seasons or looking out for new inspirations and trends for the next season. Even though Lantto is a designer, she likes to remind herself how important it is to live in the present. â&#x20AC;&#x153;As much as I would like to think Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m in control of where Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll be in 10 years, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s much better to surrender any attach-

SAMANTHA MANDICH writer, is a sophomore in the fashion merchandising management program with a double minor in business administration and writing for new media. She plans to move to New York and work as a personal stylist. MANDICHS@MTMARY.EDU

ment to outcomes,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I do think that eco-fashion will be much more commonplace simply because we have limited raw resources, and our cap for polluting where we live is reaching its limit. Also, human beings are inherently good, and we donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t want to benefit off the backs of the suffering of other living beings.â&#x20AC;? Lantto advises people interested in beginning upcycling to just have fun. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t judge what you are making. Find what you like; donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t just go to the clothing section, pull things apart and make them stick together. Invite your friends over and swap clothing â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Google things you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know.â&#x20AC;? Lantto recently used a parachute, an old bridesmaid dress, and a party peplum dress and redesigned them into an evening gown. This dress was worn by Eugenia Kuzmina (actress from the movie, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Furyâ&#x20AC;?) and was featured in CocoEco Magazine. Not only can the materials she used be found around your house but they can also be bought inexpensively at thrift stores like Goodwill. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Thrift stores are gold mines for the creative â&#x20AC;Ś and the budget savvy,â&#x20AC;? Lantto said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Do you know how much yards of fabric cost? No thanks. Give me a 1970s shift dress in a size XL, Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll take off the seams, lay it flat and make another dress for $1.99. If you think like this as a designer, you have very little overhead and can charge for your labor â&#x20AC;&#x201C; this is a dream business plan.â&#x20AC;? đ&#x;&#x2018;&#x2014;đ&#x;&#x2018;&#x2014; Connect with Lantto:

Instagram: fashionredesign Facebook: (re) by lanni lantto Twitter: @fashionREdesign LanniLantto.com

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Eco-Fashion

NO NEW CONSUMPTION: (re) designing fashion

BY SAMANTHA MANDICH

Instagram: fashionredesign Facebook: (re) by lanni lantto Twitter: @fashionREdesign LanniLantto.com

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BODY What are these ingredients and should we be concerned? Expert opinions vary. Lead Lead is found in the colorants used to produce lipstick. It can also be found in some paints, drinking water, toys and pottery. The FDA’s cosmetic website (www.fda.gov/cosmetics) states that the “FDA has set specifications for lead in color additives used in cosmetics.” The FDA currently has no limit for lead in cosmetics, but states that the lead limit of the color additives is “based on safety evaluations that consider the color additives’ intended uses and estimated consumer exposure resulting from those uses.” Dr. Anne Vravick, Mount Mary science professor and a former toxicologist for SC Johnson from 2001-2005, explained that there is organic and inorganic lead, both of which are used in lipstick. Inorganic lead is eliminated by our body in our urine, while organic lead is stored in our fat cells. Lead can seep out of the fat cells with more and more exposure or from the fat stores being disrupted. For example, when a person loses a lot of weight this can happen. Lead is the most similar molecule to calcium, which is responsible for a magnitude of bodily functions. The Center for Disease Control’s website (www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs) states that lead most commonly affects the nervous system, but can affect nearly every body organ and system. “Even the lowest levels can cause cognitive impairment,” Vravick said. “If it is in cosmetics, it does concern me.” The FDA did an initial test of 20 lipsticks in 2007. They followed up this test in 2010 by testing 400 lipsticks in the American market for their lead content. The FDA’s bottom line about lead in lipstick is as follows: “Although we do not believe that the lead content found in our recent lipstick analyses poses a safety concern, we are evaluating whether there may be a need to recommend an upper limit for lead in lipstick in order to further protect the health and welfare of consumers.”

Parabens

n the 18th century, Lady Coventry and Kitty Fisher suffered slow deaths from the use of the cosmetics of the time, which contained white lead. Today, lead is still an ingredient in some cosmetics along with other substances of concern, such as parabens and sulfates. MEGAN BIERE, writer, editor, is an undergraduate student in the English program with a concentration in writing for new media. She has an associate degree in dietetics and a passion for ecolifestyle. BIEREM@MTMARY.EDU

PHOTOS BY BRITTANY SEEMUTH

28 Archesnews.com Science 2015

PAGE BY SOPHIE BECK

Paraben is a preservative found in some fruits and vegetables. It is added to cosmetics to stop them from spoiling. The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics’s website shares studies that link parabens to cancer and hormone disruption. Many cosmetic companies have removed parabens from their products. Vravick said that companies do not want to risk being shown in a bad light by having a substance that may have adverse health effects. “Once it’s in the public’s mind that something is toxic, they’re done with it,” Vravick said. “Most of these companies will take these products out, or ingredients out, as soon as there is public fear because it’s easier to just remove it than fight the public.” Mark Crawford, owner of Adeline skincare in Ankeny, Iowa, entered the industry in 2013. Crawford scoured women’s magazines and websites to research what sells and what women want from their skincare products. “I could not approach people for reviews if my products had parabens in it,” Crawford said. PAGE BY SOPHIE BECK

BODY

The European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety examined all the studies available on parabens. In its 2011 report, “Opinion on Parabens,” the Commission pointed out shortcomings in the methods and findings of several studies that caused concern. It concluded that “none appears to be scientifically acceptable.” An article published in the journal, “Toxicology Letters,” in December 2013 assessed the risk of hormone disruption by parabens and other endocrine disruptors. According to the article, with the exception of natural or synthetic hormones, not a single, man-made chemical endocrine disruptor has been identified that poses an identifiable, measurable risk to human health. Vravick said we should remember our body’s capabilities to fight off harmful substances. “Our skin cells have an amazing ability to act as a barrier. [It is] one of the best filtering systems we have,” Vravick said. “It’s all a matter of dose. We’re not willing to allow ourselves to give confidence to what our cells can actually handle.”

Sulfates Sulfates are surfactants, which act as an irritant purposely to disrupt a surface. Sulfates were taken out of hair products because they fade color in hair dye. This is due to their irritant properties. The hair’s surface is disrupted, and then the color can be washed out. This is a positive effect if you want to wash dirt off other surfaces. According to Vravick, sulfactants help create bubbles in a bath and lather in your shampoo. “Surfactants in cosmetics do a little bit of cleaning, and they also help with the way that it’s absorbed by the skin,” Vravick said. “So it helps the skin to absorb lotion, for example.” The Personal Care Council updated the assessment of sulfates in 2010. Its conclusion was that sulfates “have not evoked adverse responses in any toxicological testing.” There was an adverse affect from them, though. The panel noted that sodium laureth sulfate and ammonium laureth sulfate can produce eye and/or skin irritation in animal testing and in some human test subjects; irritation may occur in some users of cosmetic formulations containing these ingredients.

How do we know if a product is safe to use? Consumers have different priorities when it comes to making cosmetic purchases and Vravick said it is up to the individual. Linda Marshall, chair of the board of Elysee Scientific Cosmetics, Inc., based in Verona, Wisconsin, has more than 40 years of experience in the cosmetic industry. Marshall serves on the board and executive committee of the Cosmetics, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association and was the first woman to do so. ”As a whole, the cosmetics industry is a very, very safe industry,” Marshall said. Vravick said we should remember our body has capabilities to fight off harmful substances. “Our skin cells have an amazing ability to act as a barrier, [it is] one of the best filtering systems we have,” Vravick said. Vravick also suggested that if you have any concern, to stick with the bigger companies because they have the resources for toxicologists to run safety tests. “People need to decide for themselves,” Vravick said. “You weigh the positives and the negatives.” Science 2015 Archesnews.com 29

Parabens

PHOTOS BY BRITTANY SEEMUTH

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Suggested Apps: The Environmental Working Group’s Skin Deep Cosmetics Database http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/app/ Online safety profiles for cosmetics and personal care products. GoodGuide http://www.goodguide.com Instantly find safe, healthy, green and socially responsible products based on scientific ratings. Search for everything from diapers to deodorant. Cosmetics Ingredients Maze http://cosmeticsingredientsmaze.com Find out which ingredients are in your cosmetics. Allows you to filter by dietary restrictions too.

Websites for More Information: Cosmetics Ingredient Review http://cir-safety.org CIR offers reviews and assesses the safety of ingredients used in cosmetics and publishes the results in peer-reviewed scientific literature. U.S. Food and Drug Administration – Cosmetics http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics The FDA posts regulations and information on research related to cosmetic products, ingredients, and testing. Annual Reviews http://www.annualreviews.org Annual Reviews is a mobile website for searching peer-reviewed journals about cosmetic ingredients.

Alternatives: If you want try a back-to-basics beauty routine, try these:

Face Wash: Mix baking soda with three parts water or less for a thicker cleanser Exfoliant: Add salt or sugar to any cleanser

Skin Refresher: Wipe witch hazel and/or rose water over face alone or in equal parts

Moisturizer: Use a small amount of coconut oil and/or extra virgin olive oil to moisturize. A large jar of coconut oil will last more than a year. Face Mask: Rub a tomato wedge over face and leave to dry. The pulp can also be used for a thicker mask. Rinse with water when dry.

ALTERNATIVES ACCORDING TO “BABUSHKA’S BEAUTY SECRETS: OLD WORLD TIPS FOR A GLAMOROUS NEW YOU” BY RAISA RUDER AND SUSAN CAMPOS

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Science Behind the Strand

Color additive relinks hair bonds, prevents breakage BY NHUNG NGUYEN

magine coloring your hair without the whirlwind worry of damage. Sounds like a miracle in science, right? The next miracle in science might stem from a new hair color additive called Olaplex. According to Olaplex.com, “One ingredient changes everything.” What is this one ingredient? You guessed it. Olaplex. This ingredient was created by Dr. Craig Hawker, director of the California Nanosystems Institute and co-director of the Materials Research Lab at the University of California Santa Barbara, along with Dr. Eric Pressley, staff scientist. The pair of scientists worked with Dean Cristal, the owner of the company called Olaplex, to develop an active ingredient that repairs hair and prevents damage during the hair coloring process.

Holy Grail of Hair

Sara Lim is the co-vice president of education for Olaplex. According to Lim, Cristal approached Hawker with a vision to create a non-toxic oil that worked very similar to a keratin treatment. Hawker then developed the solution. During the development, Hawker asked Cristal what he believed was the “holy grail of hair.” In laymen terms, what major problem does the hair industry face while working with hair? Cristal’s answer: breakage. Together, Cristal and Hawker developed a congruent mission for stylist and colorists worldwide. The mission was to restore and prevent breakage in the hair. Olaplex, the substance, was born.

What is Olaplex?

The additive, Olaplex, is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen chains. According to Lim, these molecular chains PAGE BY SOPHIE BECK

link broken disulfide bonds in the hair. Olaplex No. 1 is the hair color additive, a product that is mixed in with hair color and applied during the color application process. While the color is processing, the active ingredient in Olaplex internally relinks hair bonds. Olaplex No. 2 is a cream substance applied to the hair at the shampoo bowl after the chemical service as a treatment. The treatment also works to rebuild bonds and repair the hair. Olaplex No. 3 is a diluted version of Olapolex No. 2 for clients to use as a take-home treatment.

How does Olaplex work?

To first understand the substance, Olaplex, one must understand hair. “Hair is made of thousands of disulfide bonds,” Lim said. “When you bleach hair, you break all these bonds and only 50 percent of the bonds repair (on average) after rinsing the lightener out. These pairs of bonds are what gives your hair strength and structure. The other 50 percent roam free, without a pair. The more single bonds you have in the hair, the hair loses its strength and elasticity. So, the more you bleach the hair or do other services that break these disulfide bonds, the hair becomes weak, dry, and eventually breaks.” According to Lim, Olaplex works to reverse this process. “By adding it to your color or using it as a treatment, Olaplex goes through internally and links these single broken disulfide bonds, thus making the hair stronger,” Lim said. “This allows you to take the hair lighter since Science 2015 Archesnews.com 31

32 Archesnews.com Science 2015

The Experience:

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On Monday, Feb. 23, editor-in-chief, Brittany Seemuth and reporters Shannon Molter and Nhung Nguyen visited Heads Up Salon in Greenfield, Wisconsin. There, Seemuth received a color service with the Olaplex treatment from senior stylist, Kristie “Ava” Demopoulous. Demopoulous has been in the industry for five and a half years and has received advanced training in Las Vegas using the Olaplex product. The cost for receiving this service ranges from $50-100 depending on the length and thickness of the hair. In total, the hair process took an hour-and-a-half. After the use of Olaplex, Seemuth noticed her hair was in a much better state: “Since the service, I have washed my hair a handful of times, and noticed less hair fall-out in the shower, and overall, fewer tangles,” Seemuth said. )

Olaplex.com claims the product “works with all manufacturers’ formulas” and “works on every client’s hair.” On the other end of the spectrum, there are some stylists that are less than impressed with the company’s claim. Patrick Ludtke, the technical adviser of the color line, Goldwell, has been in the hair industry since 1990. He disputes the assertion that Olaplex combines well with Goldwell’s products. Ludtke believes Olaplex has interesting technology but does not think it was created to use with any specific manufacturer on the market. “There is no manufacturer out there that will recommend using an outside product with theirs,” Ludtke said. He explains that if the manufacturer wanted you to use Olaplex with their line, they would have created a product just like it themselves. In addition, Ludtke questioned if Olaplex manufacturers really understand how their product is going to react with every professional color line and every hair type. According to the website, Olaplex manufacturers recommend using higher volumes of developer and lightener when adding Olaplex, because it dilutes the developer. (For example, for a 30-volume result, they recommend using a 40-volume developer.) “It is concerning to me,” Ludtke said. “That’s not something I am super comfortable with. They may be encouraging stylists to work outside what the color manufacturer has tested and recommended. My biggest hang-up is that they are trying to tell stylists to do things that they wouldn’t normally do, and I see that being a disaster for somebody.” Ludtke explained what he meant with a scenario in which using Olaplex with Goldwell color could be potentially det-

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Critics of Olaplex

Insurance for the Hair

Despite the criticism aimed towards Olaplex’s product claim, Lim reinforces the product’s validity, saying it works effectively and is safe to use. Even with the specified instructions on Olaplex’s website, she recommended stylists to constantly keep themselves educated and connected with fellow colorists and educators. She encourages them to use caution and common sense while combining Olaplex with these various color lines. “Olaplex is insurance for the hair,” Lim said. “Like car insurance, just because you have it doesn’t mean you should drive your car off a cliff.” According to Lim, Olaplex is to be used with good judgment, as a tool to assist colorists and hairstylists to go above and beyond what they thought was possible. “It definitely gives hairdressers superpowers,” Lim said. “But, you must know the rules before you can break them.” )

Magic of Olaplex

The first moment Lim used Olaplex was in the salon with Tracey Cunningham, a celebrity colorist. The two were trying to remove multiple layers of previous hair color. They used lightener and a 10-volume developer, a product that contains 3 percent hydrogen peroxide, making the hair swell, open and allowing color to enter and bond. Lim recalled that the hair was just melting. They were unable to give the client what she desired. The next day, the stylists brought the same client back. With the confidence of Olaplex by her side, Cunningham told Lim to mix up an even higher volume developer (40-volume) and lightener. This higher volume contains 12 percent hydrogen peroxide, so Lim was afraid the hair was going to fall off. Reassured by Cunningham, Lim followed her instructions, checking the client periodically until it was time to rinse. While rinsing, she noticed that the ends of the hair remained strong and completely intact. At that very moment, Lim believed there was something magical about Olaplex.

rimental. Goldwell’s directions state to not use its 40-volume developer in combination with its lightener. The stylist may think it is safe to go against Goldwell manufacturer’s directions when using Olaplex, but if anything happens, the stylist is to blame. “At that point, you are putting yourself in a liable situation if anything goes wrong because you have essentially misused the product,” Ludtke said. Eighteen-year hair veteran Vicky Brezonick agreed. She stressed the importance of understanding the chemistry of Olaplex and what it does in conjunction with any color line. “Every color line is different,” Brezonick said. “Some color lines recommend using 40-volume with bleach; others do not. With Olaplex, you have to know why you are using it and what you are trying to achieve with it.”

BODY )

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NHUNG NGUYEN, writer, editor, is an undergraduate student who designed her own major in fashion journalism and mass communications. She works as a hairstylist in Milwaukee and currently interns for Protect Your Pumps, a luxury shoe care company. NGUYENN@MTMARY.EDU

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 33

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Magic of Olaplex

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) BODY there are more bonds to be broken.”

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EATING ACCORDING TO YOUR CHEMISTRY

ave you followed diet after diet without achieving any success? It is very possible that the key to finding the best diet plan for your body has been in your genetic makeup all along. The blood-type diet is an individualized diet that claims to have found the missing link to successful dieting in everyone’s genetic makeup: their blood type. The diet claims that your blood type is the key to finding diseases you may be susceptible to as well as the correct diet and exercise plan for your body. Peter D’Adamo, a naturopathic physician and professor at the University of Bridgeport in Connecticut, created the Blood Type Diet. He published his research as well as the diet and exercise plans for each blood type in the New York Times best-seller “Eat Right 4 Your Type,” which has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide. D’Adamo’s research began with looking at the history of each blood type and studying the diets of early ancestors for blood types A, B, AB and O. In order to create the specific dietary plans, the next steps of his research consisted of clinical studies as well as laboratory studies, which focused on lectins and the way they agglutinate cells within people’s bodies. “Lectins would be a part of the protein [in the food] and agglutinating means the breakdown of the protein into digestible components that are absorbed,” said Tara LaRowe, Ph.D., registered dietitian and director of the dietetics graduate program at Mount Mary University. According to www.dadamo.com, D’Adamo found a chemical reaction between people’s blood and the food they eat. Under the microscope, D’Adamo was able to observe the way certain protein

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THE BLOOD TYPE DIET [BY SHANNON MOLTER]

lectins from foods agglutinated in the different blood types. When the protein lectin was incompatible with the blood type, the lectins often targeted a bodily system or interfered with the metabolic process of the food. Therefore, the key to the blood-type diet is avoiding the foods that contain lectins that are unsuited for your blood type. “Not all diets fit one person,” said Mindy Sminchak from Bella Vista, Arkansas. “What if it’s all chemistry that starts with your blood?” Sminchak has been following the blood-type diet for three years and said she has never felt healthier. Having blood type A, Sminchak cut out meat and wheat from her diet and maintained frequent physical activity. “I went from having monthly sinus infections and feeling like I had a cold all the time to being healthy,” Sminchak said. “I also had seasonal allergies that went from unbearable every year to nonexistent.” Sminchak also lost weight and gained more energy, but she does not think weight loss should be a motivator to follow this diet. “I even hate calling it a diet because if you’re looking to lose weight on it, then it’s not for you,” Sminchak said. “Yes, you may lose weight on this diet, but it’s more of a lifestyle change. It’s not a fad diet and anyone that is looking to get on this diet should be doing it to improve their health.” According to a study published on www. dadamo.com, 6,617 individuals reported results after following the blood-type diet for one month or more, and 71-78 percent claimed to have had significant improvements in overall health relating to stress resistance, energy, digestive function and mental clarity.

Brief description of diet and exercise plans according to www.dadamo.com: Type AB – Focus on tofu, seafood, dairy and vegetables – avoid smoked or cured meats, mixture of calming and moderate exercise Type A – Vegetarian Diet, calming exercise

34 Archesnews.com Science 2015

Despite these claims, some researchers say there is no evidence to support the diet’s theory. The January 2014 study, “ABO Genotype, ‘Blood-Type’ Diet and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors,” published in Plos One, an online scientific journal, reports that any benefits from following the diet can not be directly linked to blood type. Instead, the 1,455 participants in the study were simply eating healthier foods. “Adherence to certain diets is associated with some favorable cardiometabolic disease risk profiles,” the study reported. “This may explain anecdotal evidence supporting these diets, which are generally prudent diets that reflect healthy eating habits.” After briefly observing the main points of the blood-type diet, LaRowe found positives and negatives associated with this diet plan. “It is good that he is promoting unprocessed, wholesome foods, but the negatives I’m seeing are that on certain blood types versus others there is a de-emphasis of certain food groups, which may be of caution because by eliminating food groups you may be missing key nutrients,” LaRowe said. “For example, a diet with a de-emphasis on meats and proteins may not be suitable for someone with type two diabetes … they are going to need more proteins and carbohydrates to maintain blood sugar levels.” LaRowe believes the key to being healthy is having a well-balanced diet that includes plant-based nutrients, whole grains, low fat diary, lean protein and healthy fats. “People have a hard time learning how to do that in balance … so people buy into that [the blood-type diet] because they want to hear a prescription of how they should eat,” LaRowe said. “But is it sustainable in the long run?” K

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Type B – Focus on protein, dairy and vegetables – avoiding chicken, corn and wheat, moderate exercise Type O – High protein diet avoiding dairy and wheat, intense physical exercise

SHANNON MOLTER, reporter, editor, is an undergraduate student majoring in communications with an emphasis in public relations and minoring in writing for new media . MOLTERS@MTMARY.EDU PAGE BY DENISSE HERNANDEZ

MOUNT MARY CREATES

s e c n ie c S e h t in s r Maste

Mount Mary’s graduate programs have flexible class schedules designed for working professionals in health care and science-related fields. Why wait? Start your graduate degree and your career simultaneously.

Pair your Mount Mary bachelor’s degree with one of our graduate programs:

Post-Professional Doctorate of Occupational Therapy Professional Doctorate of Art Therapy Master of Business Administration (MBA) General Management Health Systems Leadership

Master of Science in Art Therapy Master of Science in Counseling

Clinical Mental Health Counseling Clinical Rehabilitation Counseling School Counseling

Master of Science in Dietetics Master of Science in Occupational Therapy Learn more online about all of our graduate programs, including English and Education.

(414) 256-1252 • mmu-gradinfo@mtmary.edu • mtmary.edu/graduate PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 35

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THE BLOOD TYPE DIET [BY SHANNON MOLTER]

34 Archesnews.com Science 2015

]

Type B – Focus on protein, dairy and vegetables – avoiding chicken, corn and wheat, moderate exercise Type O – High protein diet avoiding dairy and wheat, intense physical exercise

MOUNT MARY CREATES

s e c n ie c S e h t in s r Maste

Pair your Mount Mary bachelor’s degree with one of our graduate programs:

Post-Professional Doctorate of Occupational Therapy Professional Doctorate of Art Therapy Master of Business Administration (MBA) General Management Health Systems Leadership

Master of Science in Art Therapy Master of Science in Counseling

Clinical Mental Health Counseling Clinical Rehabilitation Counseling School Counseling

Master of Science in Dietetics Master of Science in Occupational Therapy Learn more online about all of our graduate programs, including English and Education.

(414) 256-1252 • mmu-gradinfo@mtmary.edu • mtmary.edu/graduate PAGE BY RENNIE PATTERSON-BAILEY

Science 2015 Archesnews.com 35

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