IPMnet NEWS September 2011, Issue no. 189 ISSN: 1523-7893 Š Copyright 2005 I. IPM News
EVENT SEEKS TO STRENGTHEN MINOR CROP PROTECTION A second Global Minor Use Summit (GMUS-2), scheduled for early 2012, aims to amplify and follow up issues and obstacles cited at the 2007 event by again focusing on global matters that impact pest management for growers of crops considered 'minor' or 'specialty,' in world parlance. GMUS-2 will convened at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization's headquarters in Rome, ITALY, during 21-23 February 2012 and highlight global agreements for pesticide policy, procedure, and methodology to "help deal with minor use issues while providing growers with access to safe tools to grow their crops," according to the global minor use portal at www.gmup.org. The global summit serves as a forum for "international exchange of information on current activities" that relate to minor (pesticide) use issues, among key topics. The event will emphasize strengthened technical cooperation, discussion and international data sharing, increased involvement of all stakeholders, plus capacity building. FAO, the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture's Foreign Agricultural Service, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are again jointly sponsoring the summit, with other organizations as yet to be identified. The 2007 GMUS attracted nearly 300 participants from 60 nations, and the forthcoming summit expects at least as globally wide attendance particularly engaging developing countries. A direct link to registration can be found at the GMUP website. --excerpted, with thanks, from the GMUP website and the IR-4 Project Newsletter for Summer 2011, 42(3); thanks, also, to D. Kunkel for information. [#] PESTICIDE RISK COURSE LAUNCHED The University of Cape Town (UCT) has launched a new Post Graduate Diploma course in Pesticide Risk Management based on the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's UN Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides, according to information on the UCT website and other sources. The course, particularly aimed at personnel in developing countries, was organized by H.-A. Rother, Health Risk Management head and principal research officer in the UCT School of
Public Health & Family Medicine, with funding from FAO and the Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI), noted as "the driving force in the efforts to attain a non-toxic environment," per the KemI website. The initial class of 18 participants represents primarily African nations, but at least two other countries as well. The group spent the first two weeks of the course on the UCT campus before returning to their home countries to continue course work for two years via the UCT Vula on-line teaching system. Participants will eventually return to UCT for final concluding activities. The course is open to individuals with an undergraduate degree in agriculture, public health, toxicology, social science, or other relevant field. Ten modules composing the course address a variety of topics ranging from health and safety management to chemical conventions, plus issues and procedures for dealing with obsolete pesticides and pesticide container management. Dr. Rother noted that all materials developed for the course are open source and will be available to the general public in addition to course participants. Plans call for the materials to be translated into Chinese, Russian, and French versions preparatory to partnering with other universities. The next session of the course, planned for 2012-2013, is now in the enrollment process for any interested individuals. The contact is C. Lewis at Cynthia.Lewis@uct.ac.za. -> H.-A. Rother, Falmouth Bldg., Univ. of Cape Town, Pri. Bag, Observatory 7935, SOUTH AFRICA. Voice: 27-021-406-6721. Andrea.Rother@uct.ac.za. Details at: http://tinyurl.com/3vjvqzj. --excerpted, with thanks, from UCT web materials, and from Pesticides News, 92, 08-09, June 2021. STUDY EVALUATES A MAJOR HERBICIDE-TOLERANT CROP To address the question of whether indirect benefits--including environmental gains--of herbicide-tolerant crops might in fact balance societal concerns related to the technology, researchers in Canada undertook a study to evaluate and quantify the beneficial impacts, if any, of a key genetically modified crop grown in Western Canada, herbicide tolerant Brassica napus (HT canola). Their findings, as reported in "Environmental Impacts from Herbicide Tolerant Canola Production in Western Canada," by S.J. Smyth, et al are illuminating. In 2007, a decade after the launch of commercial production of HT canola in three provinces of Western Canada, a survey of grower experiences revealed a reduction of 1.3 million kg of herbicide active ingredient compared to conventional usage within the canola production area. Fewer required tillage passes across HT canola fields also reduced soil compaction, improved moisture conservation, decreased soil erosion, and contributed to expanded carbon sequestration. Compared to 1995, an estimated 1 million tons of carbon is either now being sequestered, or no longer released due to HT canola production. The gain was estimated to yield a current carbon offset of C$5 million. --excerpted, with thanks, from Agric. Systems, 104(5), 403-410, June 2011. SCIENTISTS WARN OF REFUGE RISKS
An experienced group of 13 U.S. and Canadian entomologists has issued an unmistakenly stern warning that a recently approved procedure for simultaneously planting mixtures of genetically modified (GM) and conventional crop seeds could trigger several unforseen and less than desirable outcomes. The method is a newer twist on providing an in-field refuge for susceptible insects in transgenic insecticidal crop plantings. The group, headed by D.W. Onstad on the faculty of the Univ. of Illinois, concluded that a process to establish refuges in GM crops using seed mixtures, dubbed by some 'refuge-in-a-bag,' will result in making "pest monitoring more difficult." Seed mixtures also may, in the group's view, "make IRM (insect-resistance management) riskier because of larval behavior and greater adoption of insecticidal corn." In a commentary published in the Journal of Economic Entomology the group observed that planting block refuges, an earlier technique used for some time and condoned by at least one major commodity group, is also not without serious risks. The primary problems of this practice, in the group's view, are adult pest behavior, and the failure of some growers to comply with currently promulgated IRM rules specifying size and location of block refuges. "It is likely," the group's commentary noted, "that both secondary pests not targeted by the insecticidal corn as well as natural predatory species will respond in differing fashion to block refuges compared with cropped areas based on planting seed mixtures." -> D.W. Onstad, Dept. of Crop Sci., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Onstad@illinois.edu. --excerpted, with thanks, from Jrnl. of Econ. Entom., 104(2), 343-352, April 2011. = IPM GLOBAL NOTES = * Recent field trials showed that weed seed predation increases with vegetation cover in perennial forage crops. -> H. Meiss, Helmut.Meiss@dijon.inra.fr. * Field studies demonstrated that insect-vectored wheat streak mosaic indirectly affects water status of the soil by reducing crop water-use efficiency for grain yield and tissue dry weight. -> F. Workneh, F-Workneh@tamu.edu. * Studies in NEW ZEALAND found greater taxonomic richness of functional invertebrate groups in Actinidia spp. (kiwifruit) orchards under organic management compared to those using IPM systems. -> J.H. Todd, Jacqui.Todd@plantandfood.co.nz. * A newer activity, Pesticide Risk Reduction Programme–Ethiopia, has organized and published the first issue of its free electronic newsletter at www.prrp-ethiopia.org. -> A. Oortwijn, Arienne.Oortwijn@wur.nl. * Belgian scientists developed a computational fluid dynamics model for orchard spray application and validated it for a one-, two-, and four-fan sprayer. -> A.M. Endalew, Ayenew.Melese@biw.kuleuven.be. * In the U.S. state of Alaska, failure to use weed prevention programs since 1981 resulted in
40,000 ha of new agricultural land that must be managed for non-native weeds. -> J.S. Conn, Jeff.Conn@ars.usda.gov. II. IPM Information Resources > Recently Published Information > Other Published Materials = RECENTLY PUBLISHED INFORMATION = IPMnet NEWS welcomes information about websites, publications, CD/DVDs, or videos focused on, or related to, crop IPM, crop protection, or invasive species. Please send a review copy of the material to the postal address at end of this file; or, send the URL to: IPMnet@science.oregonstate.edu. A {$} symbol indicates an item can be purchased, or that there may be charges for handling, postage, or both.
COPING WITH NEMATODES The extensive library of Pest Notes from the Univ. of California's Statewide IPM Program (UC IPM Online) includes a 5-page summary entitled Nematodes, (publication 7489) as revised in 2010 and freely available for downloading at http://tinyurl.com/3g9bwaz. In the document, authors E.J. Perry and A.T. Ploeg discuss the life cycle of plant-feeding nematodes and the extensive economic damage they can cause, and then devote the majority of space to the critically important aspect of management, which the experts label as "difficult." Sanitation, use of resistant or tolerant varieties and root-stocks, use of fallowing and rotation, soil sterilization, and other approaches are cited. Several illustrations and tables are included. --exerpted, with thanks, from the indicated web site. A NOTE ON KEY CEREAL DISEASES Farmnote 455 from the Western Australia Department of Agriculture and Food addresses Biology, Identification and Management of Cereal Smut Diseases. As revised in January 2011, the document by G. Thomas, et al, describes in text and color photos several key cereal diseases found in the state as well as elsewhere. The document can be freely downloaded from http://tinyurl.com/3exr6op. --excerpted, with thanks, from the indicated website; thanks, also to PestFax #14, August 2011. [NOTE: The Farmnote series offers a wide range of information targeted at conditions in Western Australia. See: http://tinyurl.com/3pbldt5.] COUNTERING SOIL-BORNE DISEASE Two plant pathologists at the World Vegetable Center (Taiwan), C.H. Lin and J.F. Wang, have prepared SP-IPM Technical Innovation Brief No. 13 discussing a compound, phosphorus acid salt, that has been found to be promising for helping control the widespread and highly destructive soil-borne disease, tomato bacterial wilt. The Brief, published during August 2011,
can be freely downloaded from http://tinyurl.com/3scc5p8, or requested in hard copy form from the SP-IPM Secretariat. -> SP-IPM Secretariat, PMB 5320, Ibadan, NIGERIA. Voice: 234-2-751-7472, ext. 2293. NEW WEED MAGAZINE BOWS As a key part of the responsibilities for managing the Australian government's National Weeds and Productivity Research Program the Rural Industries Research and Development Corp. (RIRDC) has launched Weed Solutions, a periodic informational magazine designed, in part, to report on the national weed research and management effort, as well as fulfill a public relations role. The colorful, well-designed, 24-page initial issue, dated July 2011, introduces the national program and its goals and activities. The publication evidences the not unusual first issue glitches (failure to italicize weed nomenclature) and some mystifying confusion over the publication's actual title (Weeds Solutions or Weed Solutions). The file for the publication can be freely downloaded, confusion and all, from: http://tinyurl.com/3r4pmyp. Free hard copies can be requested from: C. Ferguson, Publications Manager, RIRDC, PO Box 4776, Kingston, ACT 2604, AUSTRALIA. Cecile.Ferguson@rirdc.gov.au. --excerpted, with thanks, from the indicated website. = OTHER PUBLISHED MATERIALS = * A recent addition to a Univ. of California series is Spotted Wing Drosophila: Pest Notes for Home and Landscape, a 2011, 4-page document about Drosophila suzukii, including full color photos, by J.L. Caprile, et al. Publication 74158, at http://tinyurl.com/4y4dczv. * IOBC (Global) has published IOBC Newsletter 89, the latest issue of its periodic information vehicle, at www.iobc-global.org, including a short article on biocontrol efforts in the UK against the large, fast growing weed Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed). * The latest issue of Haustorium, the Parasitic Plants Newsletter, is volume 59, dated July 2011, effectively covering the segment with current reports, news, event listings, publications, and more. Request the freely downloaded PDF file from: C. Parker, ChrisParker5@compuserve.com. III. IPM Medley > Equipment, Products, Processes, Services > Professional Opportunities > Sorting Through the "In" Box = EQUIPMENT, PRODUCTS, PROCESSES, SERVICES = Spray Measuring/Testing Devices A Belgian firm designs, manufactures, and markets a variety of devices for both measuring and testing liquid spray application equipment, as well as specialized devices for other purposes. At the Advanced Agricultural Measurement Systems NV website, www.aams.be, information is
arranged by broad categories such as items for arable crops, fruit and winegrape production, or horticulture. The list of devices ranges from nozzle testers to flow meter analysers. One of the more recent additions is a cart-mounted demonstration spray apparatus that is constructed of aluminum and stainless steel. The multi-nozzle, three-section spray boom can be adjusted for height and operated to simulate a variety of field conditions. Normal spray functions, such as pressure regulation, on/off states, section valves, and hydraulic agitation can be demonstrated. The unit's tank is transparent allowing visual inspection of agitation and cleaning. The compact unit is said to be easily transported. -> J. Langenakens, AAMS, Vliegplein 14A, 9991 Maldegem, BELGIUM. Jan.Langenakens@aams.be. Fax: 32-5070-0050. Voice: 32-5070-0040. = PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES = Field Crop Entomologist, Garden City, KS, USA * Develop a nationally recognized extension and applied research program for insect and mite pests of field crops in western Kansas and surrounding areas; collaborate with other faculty; conduct extension activities including preparation of publications and other materials; publish in peer-reviewed journals; supervise and co-advise graduate students. REQUIRES: PhD in entomology (or close discipline); strong background in applied arthropod pest management; proven ability to conceive, plan, and implement research; ability to interpret data and disseminate it effectively; experience with field IPM; familiarity with high plains/midwest conditions desirable. * CONTACT: P. Sloderbeck, SW REC, 4500 Mary St., Garden City, KS 67846, USA. Voice: 1-620-275-9164. PSloderbeck@ksu.edu. See announcement at http://tinyurl.com/4xolmqa. IV. IPM-Related Publications > Books, Other Longer Publications IPMnet NEWS will gladly mention publications focused on, or related to, crop plant IPM, pest management, crop protection, or invasives. To facilitate review please send a copy of the publication, along with full details, to IPMnet NEWS (address at the end of this file). A {$} symbol indicates an item can be purchased or that there may be charges for handling, postage, or both. ---many thanks, Ed. NEW EDITION OF IPM GUIDE FOR HOPS One doesn't need to like beer to fully appreciate a highly informative and artfully executed 2010 volume devoted to IPM for Humulus lupulus (hops). Overflowing with clear, crisp full color photos throughout, a Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops, second edition, not only addresses identification and management tactics for the main groups of commonly encountered pests in H. lupulus, it does so in a straight forward manner accompanied by useful tables and charts. The 89-page work uses "at-a-glance" side bars to further enhance its utility. Editor-contributors D.H. Gent, et al, provide expert information for effectively managing pest organisms in hops, a unique crop with a unique set of challenges. A balanced approach includes both biocontrol information as well as data for conventional practices. Adding to the publication's aura is the delightful layout devised by S. O'Neal that incorporates use of
heavyweight coated paperstock that makes the color photos pop and use of a lay-flat spiral binding for in-field convenience. The title is a cooperative publication produced by Oregon State Univ., Univ. of Idaho, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service, and Washington State Univ. The Guide can be freely downloaded from http://tinyurl.com/3tvknv4. Hard copies, from a limited supply, may be requested from: Washington Hop Commission, PO Box 1207, Moxee, WA 98936, USA. [#] EXTENSIVE NEW REFERENCE ON MITES The goal of a new and extensive reference volume, Agricultural Acarology, is, according to its preface, to "provide pest-control workers and students with the tools to manage mite pests of agriculture using the concepts of integrated pest management (IPM), so mite management becomes an integrated effort rather than one based largely on chemical control." Hence the 2011, hardcover publication's subtitle, "Introduction to Integrated Mite Management." Author/ entomologist M.A. Hoy has achieved the stated goal with 430 pages of coherent, highly applicable text and data backed by numerous black/white illustrations, all of which are influenced by both her long acarological experience and her firm belief in the value and application of IPM approaches. The work's 25 chapters leave very little about mites unexplained, ranging from identification basics to the nuances of understanding the roles, nature, and impacts of mites broadly and most specifically in agricultural settings. The book comes with a companion CD that contains full color supplementary photos for each chapter. The title is also available as an e-book. -> CRC Press, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487, USA. See: http://tinyurl.com/3brq2ka. [#] IPM SCOUTING MANUAL FOR FIELD CROPS (AND MORE) An extensive amalgam of key information has been melded into the Crop Scouting Manual, 2010, prepared by IPM specialists and others at the Univ. of Wisconsin, USA. Text and visual (a large percentage in full color) data in the Manual is designed to help field staff conduct intelligent and accurate assessments of pest insects, weeds, and diseases--the fundamental backbone of designing an effective IPM approach. At over 300 pages, the publication represents an invaluable asset for field personnel charged with scouting responsibilities. While the primary focus is on field crops and conditions prevalent in Wisconsin, the presented information has far broader utility and potential for extrapolation. The massive manual can be freely downloaded and printed (21098 K) for reference from the University's Integrated Pest and Crop Management publications website at http://tinyurl.com/3qlk97t (scroll down). --excerpted, with thanks, from the indicated website CODE AIMS TO BAR ALIEN PLANTS The Council of Europe (COE) and the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) have collaborated to publish Code of Conduct on Horticulture and Invasive Alien Plants, a 74-page, 2009 work. The code is aimed at increasing broad cooperation throughout European horticulture to prevent introduction of alien plants in either the public or private sectors. The publication, by V. Heywood and S. Brunel, discusses the code in detail
and includes both references and 6 appendixes. See: http://tinyurl.com/3v7mt43. {$} -> Council of Europe Online Bookshop, 67075 Strasbourg Cedex, FRANCE. publishing@coe.int. --excerpted, with thanks, from EPPO Reporting Service materials and the COE website. V. IPM-Related Research/Technical Articles > Special Issues > Featured Paper > Selected Titles = SPECIAL ISSUES = The July 2011 issue of Pest Management Science contains a six-part series of benchmark studies on glyphosate-resistant cropping systems in the USA, at http://tinyurl.com/3f6ssyc. = FEATURED PAPER = A paper aimed at stimulating discussion contends that, while experiment derived data is useful, it lacks aspects that are useful to growers and that "ecoinformatics," such as data from private pest management consultants or growers, can generate more effective solutions to pest problems. J.A. Rosenheim, and colleagues, authors of 'Ecoinformatics for Integrated Pest Management: Expanding the Applied Insect Ecologist’s Tool-Kit,' suggest that observational information broadens perspectives and helps "address problems at the spatial and temporal scales at which farming is conducted." See: JRNL. OF ECON. ENTOM., 104(2), 331-342, April 2011. JARosenheim@ucdavis.edu. = SELECTED ARTICLES = Phytopathology """"""""""""""" “Development and Evaluation of a Model for Management of Brown Rot in Organic Apple Orchards,” Holb, I.J., et al. * EURO. JRNL. OF PLANT PATH., 129(3), 469-483, March 2011. “Stepwise Screening of Microorganisms for Commercial Use in Biological Control of Plant-pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria,” Kohl, J. et al. * BIOL. CONTROL, 57(1), 01-74, April 2011. Weed Science / Invasives """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" “Risk Assessment of Glyphosate Resistance in Western Canada,” Beckie, H.J., et al. * WEED TECH., 25(1), 159-164, January-March 2011. “Weed Community Response to Contrasting Integrated Weed Management Systems for Cool Dryland Annual Crops,” Thomas, A.G., et al. * WEED RSRCH., 51(1), 41-50, February 2011. Entomology """"""""""""""
“Insect-resistant Biotech Crops and their Impacts on Beneficial Arthropods,” Gatehouse, A.M.R., et al. * PHILOS. TRANS. OF THE ROYAL SOC. OF LONDON, SERIES B, 366, 1438-1452, May 2011. “The Effects of Farming System and Fertilizers on Pests and Natural Enemies: A Synthesis of Current Research,” Garratt, M.P.D., et al. * AGRIC., ECOSYST. & ENVIRON., 141(3-4), 261-270, May 2011. Transgenics """""""""" “The Role of Transgenic Crops in Sustainable Development,” Park, J.R., et al. * PLANT BIOTECH. JRNL., 9(1), 02-21, January 2011. “Effect of Bt Genetic Engineering on Indirect Defense in Cotton Via a Tritrophic Interaction,” Moraes, M.C.B., et al. * TRANSGENIC RESCH., 20(1), 01-22, February 2011. Vertebrates """"""""""""" “A Review and Synthesis of Bird and Rodent Damage Estimates to Select California Crops,” Gebhardt, K., et al. * CROP PROT., 30(9) 1109-1115, September 2011. General """"""""" “Combining Novel Monitoring Tools and Precision Application Technologies for Integrated High-tech Crop Protection in the Future (a Discussion Document),” Zijlstra, C., et al. * PEST MGMT. SCI., 67(6), 616-625, June 2011. “Drift from Field Crop Sprayers Using an Integrated Approach: Results of a Five-Year Study,” Nuyttens, D., et al. * TRANSACT. AMER. SOC. OF AGRIC. AND BIOL. ENGNRS., 54(2), 403-408, 2011.
VI. U.S. AID's IPM-Collaborative Research Support Program (IPM-CRSP) - International Workshop Focuses on Biocontrol - Philippines: Impact of Field Schools INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP FOCUSES ON BIOCONTROL An international workshop on production of biocontrol agents was convened during July 2011 at Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ. (TNAU), Coimbatore, INDIA, focused on review of current research on the selection, development, mass production, mode of action, and use of biocontrol agents in agriculture, specifically Trichoderma and Pseudomonas. The workshop included participants from six Asian countries and was sponsored by the IPM-CRSP program. Attendees discussed activities involving use of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas as components
of IPM programs. Recent information for using microbial agents to help control plant diseases was presented via lectures and laboratory sessions. Additional information focused on induced system resistance (ISR) and system acquired resistance (SAR), storage and shelf life of biocontrol agents, quality control and registration, as well as the role of gender in the production and utilization of biocontrol agents in IPM. The group also took field trips to research plots, to a private firm developing and commercializing microbial biocontrol agents, and to the Biocontrol Research Laboratories (BCRL) in Bengaluru, Karnataka, to learn about the range of activities BCRL scientists undertake, especially related to Trichoderma, Pseudomonas, insect pheromone traps, and other pest management agents. A copy of the workshop's lecture notes can be requested from S. Mohankumar, Dept. of Plant Molec. Biol. and Biotech.,TNAU, smktnau@gmail.com. --excerpted, with thanks, from material provided by R. Muniappan. PHILIPPINES: IMPACT OF FIELD SCHOOLS A study conducted under the auspices of the IPM-CRSP led to the paper 'Insecticide Use Impacts of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Farmer Field Schools: Evidence from Onion Farmers in the Philippines,� by J.M. Yorobe, Jr., et al in Agricultural Systems (in press). Findings indicated "significantly lower expenditures" on insecticides by those farmers who participated in the field school activity compared to other onion farmers in the area surveyed. -> J.M. Yorobe, Jr., Dept. of Agric. Econ., Univ. of the Philippines-Los Banos, College, Laguna 4030, PHILIPPINES. jmy512000@yahoo.com. --excerpted, with thanks, from AGRIC. SYST. (in press). VII. IPMnet CALENDAR--Update > (N)ew or [R]evised Entries for the IPMnet CALENDAR NOTES: 1. The IPMnet CALENDAR--Update , lists only: --(N)ew events not previously cited in IPMnet NEWS; and, --[R]evised events with new information compared to previous mention in IPMnet NEWS. 2. The IPMnet CALENDAR, Latest Complete Version , can be requested any time from IPMnet@science.oregonstate.edu. It is also online at www.pestinfo.org/calendar.php3 courtesy of International Society for Pest Information (ISPI) executive director, B. Zelazny. The latter site includes features designed for user convenience. The IPMnet CALENDAR--Update section appears in each IPMnet NEWS issue. 3. IPMnet NEWS welcomes information about future events, or revisions, at IPMnet@science.oregonstate.edu. Information listed in the IPMnet CALENDAR--Update was supplied by, and collected from, various sources; IPMnet greatly appreciates all cooperation. Note: websites listed herein are current as of publication of this issue of IPMnet NEWS, but may be subject to change.
(N)ewly Listed, or [R]evised Entries: as of 07 September 2011 2011 (N) 24-26 October * 6TH ANNUAL BIOCONTROL INDUSTRY MEETING, Lucerne, SWITZERLAND. Info: www.abim.ch. (N) 02-04 November * INTERNATIONAL PYRETHRUM SYMPOSIUM, Launceston, TAS, AUSTRALIA. Info: B. Chung, py2011@pyrethrum.com.au. Http://www.botanicalra.com.au. (N) 27-30 November * 7th CANADIAN WORKSHOP ON FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT, Winnipeg, MB, CANADA. Info: A. Tekauz, Andy.Tekauz@agr.gc.ca. www.cwfhb.org. (N) 04-06 December * 2011 NATIONAL FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT FORUM, St. Louis, MO, USA. Info: www.scabusa.org. scabusa@scabusa.org. (N) 06-07 December * BIOPESTICIDES CONFERENCE 2011, Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS. Info: http://tinyurl.com/3np8ort. 2012 (N) 03-06 January * NORTHEASTERN WEED SCIENCE SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Info: http://tinyurl.com/3rfqmnv. (N) 14-17 February * 1st INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON BACTERIAL DISEASES OF STONE FRUITS AND NUTS, Zurich, SWITZERLAND. Info: B. Duffy, Agroscope FAW, Schloss, Postfach 85, 8820 Waedenswil, SWITZERLAND. Duffy@acw.admin.ch. (N) 21-23 February * GLOBAL MINOR USE SUMMIT-2, Rome, ITALY. Info: www.gmup.org. (N) 03-08 June * 22nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VIRUS AND OTHER GRAFT TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASES OF FRUIT CROPS, Rome, ITALY. Info: icvf2012@cra-pav.it. (N) 24-29 June * 13tn INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS DISEASES OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, Ski and Grimstad, NORWAY. Info: isvdop13@bioforsk.no. 2013 - 2015 No (N)ew or [R]evised listings (to this list) to report for these years.
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