POROUS URBANISM
MULTI-LEVEL NETWORK&VERTICAL CITY
LIN JINYU & ZHOU XINLEI KKKFIRST@163.com
382427932@qq.com
SAM FOX SCHOOL OF DESIGN AND VISUAL ARTS WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST.LOUIS SUMMER STUDIO 2013, MASTER OF URBAN DESIGN TONGJI UNIVERSITY, SHANGHAI
CONTENTS 1. Context Tsukiji Market Texture Site Analysis
2. Concept Issue Concept Goal/Vision 2050
3. Strategy 4. Framework Plan Master Plan Analysis Section
Public space
5. Detail Design Detail Plan Section
CONTEXT
BACKGROUND & TEXTURE & SITE ANALYSIS
TSUKIJI FISH MARKET TSUKIJI FISH MARKET in the central TOKYO, JAPAN. The Tokyo Metropolitan Central Wholesale Market, commonly known as the Tsukiji Market ( 築地市場 ), is the biggest wholesale fish and seafood market in the world.It is located in central Tokyo, and is a major attraction for foreign visitors.Tokyo Governor has repeatedly called for moving the market to Toyosu, Koto,with construction of the new market to begin in 2013 for completion in 2014.
ISSUE DAM TO THE WATERFRONT
Site
Shinjuku
Shibuya
Ginza
Seijo
Ishibashi
kyojima
URBAN TEXTURE From researching the urban texture of Tokyo , the new development area of Tokyo are obviously different from the traditional areas. Also, the various functions of landuse decide the form of urban texture. For our site, We will face the new development and very complicated functions of land, Which decide our context will be more like new development texture with high density, instead of traditional low density texture.
SITE ANALYSIS
CONTEXTS
Lots of companies and institutions are around our site, so some buildings and blocks are very huge. Also, there are several infrastructures and restaurants in and around fish market, which will satisfy the needs of residents living here. Moreover, our site near the sea and the water transportation should be considered.
SITE LOCATION
NEW BLOCK
ORIGINAL BLOCK
FISH MARKET
BOAT WHARF
URBAN LIFE Urban life is special and various in Tokyo.It contains new and traditional activities and elements, including temple, restaurant, low density traditional house, but also entertainment and continuous skyscrapers.
Street Night Market
Temple Fair Individual Facede
Pedestrian Street
Countless Signs
CONCEPT
ISSUE &GOAL &VISION 2050
ISSUE HIGHWAY TO THE WEST SIDE
Global city
current population in the city(millions)
Central area density (people per km²)
GDP per capita(USS)
TOKYO
13.2
6,092
42,983
HONGKONG
7.0
22,193
SHANGHAI
15.5
23,227
% of daily trips made by public transport
Rail network system length(km)
Car ownership rate(per 1,000 inhabitants)
75
326
156
45,090
44
218
59
8,237
54
169
73
GLOBAL COMPARISONS
Tokyo has positioned itself to become the world city of Asia. This positioning is designed to highlight Tokyo's existing strengths in areas such as financial services, trade, tourism, transport, communications, and as a regional hub for international business and a major city in Japan. But Tokyo is strikingly different from other Asian cities in terms of the urban density it offers.
TOKYO
HONGKONG
SHANGHAI
HIGH DENSITY
Issue - challenge of development Because of its position, our site has strong potential to be developed.
Issue - challenge of development
That means our site should face the needs of development of commercial office and residential. Because of its position, our site has strong potential to be developed. That means our site should face the needs of development of commercial office and residential.
TOKYO HINTLAND POPULATION OF TOKYO
HIGH DENSITY OF POPULATION The population of Tokyo will decrease intensively in the next fifty year. Nevertheless, because of de-suburbanization, the central area of population will keep stable ,or even increase slightly.It means that our site should face the needs of development of commercial and residential.
PROJECTED POPULATION OF TOKYO
POPULATION DENSITY(PEOPLE/HA)
COMMUTING TIME(MIN)
LAND PRICE
Manufacturing
drinking services Living-related ,personal services Education, learning support amusement services Medical, health care and welfare
Information & communications
Construction Transport and postal activities numbers of employee Wholesaleandand retail trade In regional scale, thegross central product area (including our site) is an important commercial industrial Agriculture, forestry, ďŹ shing,mining area which include various kinds of companies, especially software, designer fashion and so
ECONOMY
Services, n.e.c.
on. These programs could be put in the development.
Manufacturing Manufacturing Real estate
mation & communications Information & communications
Finance sport and postal activities Transport and postal activities
Wholesale and retail trade trade Wholesale and retail
107 Family workers
eal estate and goods rentalrental Real estate and goods Transport &communications
5 to 9 persons 5 to 9 persons
Services, Services, n.e.c. n.e.c.
Agriculture &Forestry
Anim
Abolished Establishments (2006 to 2009)
200 to 299 persons 300 persons and over
500 or more establishments 100 to less than 500 100 more 50 toor less thanestablishments 100 10to toless lessthan than50 100 10 Less than 10 Less than 10
1,000 or more establishments 100 to less than 1,000 1,000 1,000 or more establishments or50 more establishments to less than 100 100 to100 lesstothan less than 1,000 101,000 to less than 50 50 to less 100 50 tothan less than 10010 Less than 10 to less 10 tothan less50 than 50 Less than Less10 than 10
Advertising (6,807 establishments) Advertising (6,807 establishments)
Designer Fashion (326 establishments) Design Services (4,164 establishments) Design Services (4,164 establishments)
to 29 persons 20 to 2920 persons
Abolished Establishments (2006 to 2009) 1,500 or more establishments
to 49 persons 30 to 4930 persons to 99 persons 50 to 9950 persons
1,000 to less than 1,500 establishments 500 to less than 1,000 establishments
100persons to 199 persons 100 to 199
100 to less than 500 establishments Less than 100 establishments
200persons to 299 persons 200 to 299 300 and persons 300 persons overand over
establishments) (1000 (1000 establishments)
200
200
160
160
120
120
80
80
40
40
0
workers
0
ployed
Designer Fashion (326 establishments)
100 to 199 persons
to 19 persons 10 to 1910 persons
scientific technical services cientific technical services Electricity &Gas Accommodations, Accommodations, eatingeating Newly-Organized Establishments &Water drinking services drinking services Living-related ,personal services -related ,personal services Manufacturing employees Education, learning support ucation, learning support amusement services amusement services e employees Medical, carewelfare and welfare al, healthhealth careConstruction and
Design Services (4,164 establishments)
500 or mo 100 to less 50 to less t 10 to less t Less than 1
50 to 99 persons
200
1 to 4 persons 1 to 4 persons
1,000 or more establishments 100 to less than 1,000 1,000 or more establishments 50 to 100 toless lessthan than100 1,000 10 to less less than than 100 50 50 to Less 10 50 10 tothan less than Less than 10
30 to 49 persons
160
563 Self-employed
120
0.4
20 to 29 persons
500 or 500 more orestablishments more establishments 100 to 100 less to than less500 than 500 establishments) (1000 50 to less than 50 to less100 than 100 10 to less than 10 to less50 than 50 Less than Less10than 10
80
Finance and insurance Finance and insurance
0.35
40
0.3
0
Wholesale 0.15 0.2and retail 0.25
Part-time employees Services, n.e.c.
200
TRADING SKILLS
Service activities Construction Construction
300 persons and over
Advertising (6,807 establishments) Publishing (5,136 establishments) Publishing (5,136 establishments)
10 to 19 persons Software (5,422 establishments) Software (5,422 establishments)
scientific technical services Accommodations, eating drinking services Newly-Organized Establishments Living-related ,personal services 5499 Education, learning support Regular employees amusement services Medical, health care and welfare 859
160
0.4Creative Creative industry Concentrated industry Concentrated 5 to 9 persons
NUMBERS OF EMPLOYEE & BREAKDOWN OF ECONOMY
griculture, forestry, fishingfishing Agriculture, forestry,
1 to 4 persons
120
0.35
500 or more establishments 100 to less than 500 50 to less than 100 10 to less than 50 Less than 10 (1000 establishments)
80
0.3
200 to 299 persons
40
number and scale of establishment
100 to 199 persons
0
Finance and insurance 0 of 0.05 0.1 estate 0.15 0.2 rental 0.25 Real and goods number and scale establishment
50 to 99 persons
1,000 orestablishments more establishments 1,000 or more less1,000 than 1,000 100 to 100 less to than 50 to less100 than 100 50 to less than 10 to less50than 50 10 to less than Less10than 10 Less than
Designer Fashion establishments) Designer Fashion (326(326 establishments)
100establishments or more establishments or more 500 or500 more establishments 10500 to less less than 500than 100 100 to100 lesstothan 50 tothan lessLess thanthan 100 10 50 to less 100 10 tothan less50 than 50 10 to less Less10 than 10 Less than
85.2016
85.2016 trillion yen
99.1% R Gross prefectural product 80.7% Ratio of Terti 4.5% unemployment (2012) 684,895 182.2113 trillion yen 26.1695 t Annual Sales of Goods(Wholesale, Retail) 40 or more establishments 10 to less than 40 Less than 10
99.1% Ratio of Small and Medium Enterprises 80.7% Ratio of Tertiary Industry Persons Engaged in Work
Animation Production establishments) Animation Production (200(200 establishments) trillion yen
Gross prefectural product
Animation Production (200 establishments)
40 or mor 10 to less Less than
STREET LIFE
EXISTING STREET FACEDE A
LACK OF PUBLIC INTERFACE The traditional street is special and vigorous. The continuous space was created by each individual building. However, The activities happened on the first floor and each unite of building are isolated. As density increased , the problem will be serious.
EXISTING STREET FACEDE B
WATERFRONT
BARRIER TO THE WATERFRONT
Our site is in the flood area. The dam which was built to protect this area from the submerged has become the barrier to the waterfront. Seaside-view can not get through the 2m-high dam. People xcan see few sights from the reverside.The water source is necessary to be used.
HIGHWAY
SECTION
BARRIER TO THE WATERFRONT A new highway will go through the site at the west side, which have a strong influence on the building and landscape in new development.A large park is on the side of our site. Then it was separated by the highway.Residents can not feel the landscape when the hignway is built.
CONCEPT
POROUS BLOCK we will change the traditional development style, in which the buildings will be spread and isolated by the street on the ground. In our concept , connection system will become as vertical system.
Traditional neighborhoods in Tokyo,Japan
City of pockets caused by new residential development
Isolated bulidings in traditional scale
6m 4m 10m 6m
Individual unit 2-3 levels
PARK
TRADTIONAL BLOCK
EXISTING BLOCK
Alternative
COMMUNITY SPACE
Cut and link Porous block with corridors
GREEN SPACE
COMMUNITY SPACE
COMMUNITY SPACE
6m 4m 10m 6m
CUT AND LINK
The ground will disappear and more and more street life will happened in our new system. The corridor will connect every potential space in and on the building ,to let them become activity space. Also, more green space will be create and connected.
PARK
SOCIAL BLOCK
SOCIAL BLOCK
Individual unit 2-3 levels
POROUS BLOCK COMMUNITY SPACE
COMMUNITY SPACE
COMMUNITY SPACE
6m 4m 10m 6m
Individual unit 2-3 levels
PARK
SOCIAL BLOCK
POROUS BLOCK
GREEN PARK
SPORTS PLACE THEATER GRADEN
SWIMMING POOL COMMUNITY SPACE
PARK
DIFFERENT SHOPS
EDUCATION
COMMUNITY SPACE
DIFFERENT SHOPS
SOCIAL BLOCK
POROUS BLOCK
6m
COMMUNITY SPACE
4m 10m 6m
SUBWAY STATION
Individual unit 2-3 levels
GOAL Breaking Isolation, getting involved. In order to inherit and promote the Tokyo’s special street life, The new development will create a lot of street space to make people who live/ work in the building get involved in the social activities. Create a vertical space system to provide a public space system which is special for the residents and workers. It will become a Comprehensive development which include private commercial , residential , infrastructure ,green and public space and so on. Live here,work near. In new development, the design is mainly served for the residents and people who work in/near this area. The percentage of development for tourist is about 20%. The area on the side of the sea, will be designed as an interesting waterfront space for citizens to enjoy the water life, combined with a small traffic wharf. In new design , the park will be used as a part of new public space system , The citizens will be easy to enjoy this large green space.
VISON 2050
VISION STATMENT 2050
In 2050, our site will become a mixed use area and each block will become a small integrated group which includes different function. In new development, the city will be built as a continuous and multi-level communication space, other than be full of isolated skyscraper. In this system, people who live or work in isolated space will have chance to enjoy communication space between the buildings. Each communication space will be connected with other public space, roof garden, activity plaza, small park. Also, in this system , The street life will not only be happened on the ground ,but also in multi-level communication system. The primary unit of Tokyo’s street life will be full of communication corridors and the connected space in the building. In sum, the site will become as one of continuous communication unit of Tokyo’s huge communication system.
STRATEGIES
STRATEGIES
ISSUE
CONCERN
ACTION
LIVING CONDITION
ADD MORE LEVEL
STREET INTERFACE
MULTI-LEVEL CONNECTION
NO VIEWS TO WATERFRONT
LIFT UP TO CONNECT THE SEA
BARRIER TO THE PARK
MAKE THE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND
BARRIER TO SEASIDE
LIFT UP BUILDING,WIND FLOW
BIG HEIGTH TO THE WATER
DIFFERENT LEVELS TO EXPERIENCE WATER
HIGHWAY
WATERFRONT
LIFT UP TO CONNECT THE SEA MAKE THE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND
The highway will be constructed underground,so many community activities have opportunity to happen at the waterfront park. This green space will bring a quiet and confortable place.
SECTION ---- THE WEST OF THE SITE
The level near the waterfront has been rised .It provide a better connection between reverside and departments.
FRAMEWORK PLAN MASTER PLAN
DESIGN ANALYSIS SECTION
MASTER PLAN
DESIGN STATEMENT
In the design project, the vertical system will connect each block and people can use corridor system to go anywhere. Also, the corridor in and between the building and blocks are different. They have various styles and function. Some are just the gallery or platform. Other may include retails and restaurants and so on. In sum , the corridor will be part of the building and public space.
DESIGN PROGRESS
EXTEND THE EXISTING ROAD SYSTEM
STRUCTURE OF PEDESTRIAN ROADS
AXIS TOWARD TO THE WATERFRONT AND PARK
CUT/ EXCAVATION FOR COASTLINE
CONTINUOUS RIVERSIDE WALKWAY
CORRIDOR SYSTEM
MIAN PUBLIC SPACE
TEXTURE
BIRD'S - EYE VIEW
WATERFRONT SPACE
DESIGN ANALYSIS
BLOCK DIVISION
TRAFFIC SYSTEM
GREEN SPACE
CORRIDOR CIRCULATION
CORRIDOR SYSTEM
PEDESTRIAN STRUCTURE
LANDUSE
CORRIDOR CIRCULATION
PUBLIC GARDEN ACCESS & CIRCULATION
CORRIDOR LEVEL ACCESS & CIRCULATION There are two main corridor axes in design. One will combined the commercial area and pedestrian axis to building a vertical activity space system, in which the largest public plaza on the side of sea will be connected. Other one is a line system on the side of sea, which will not only connect the block ,but also , provide a good open space for peoples to enjoy the sea and park.
GROUND LEVEL CIRCULATION
PUBLIC SPACE The main corridor system will connect each public space in different block.Through this system, we design a vertical traffic system to connect each activity and green space in and on top of building. Also, the building space connected the corridor will have different kinds of style , private , semi-public and public place. Also, some corridors will have a good view of sea and people will easily go to waterfront through corridor.
Design Principle - community space & inserted units
PUBLIC SPACE IN VERTICAL BLOCK
MAIN PEDESTRIAN STREET
CORRIDOR CIRCULATION SECTION A
CORRIDOR CIRCULATION SECTION B
DETAIL DESIGN DETAIL PLAN & GOAL & SECTION
DETAIL PLAN
DETAIL STATEMENT The park in residential area provides an open green space for residents and workers. It was not enclosed and separated by building ,as plan presented. It will be introduced in the building and corridor system through green ramp and roof, and will be treated as the largest green node of the whole system.
CORRIDOR CIRCULATION We have combined the private , semi-public space with community public space in a vertical activity space system It also provides good views of sea and people can easily have access to waterfront through corridors.
PUBLIC GARDEN ACCESS & CIRCULATION
WATERFRONT PUBLIC SPACE
CORRIDOR LEVEL ACCESS & CIRCULATION
GROUND LEVEL CIRCULATION
CORRIDOR SPACE
FLYING PLATFORM
CORRIDOR SYSTEM
COMMUNITY GARDEN SECTION
CORRIDOR CIRCULATION SECTION A
Detail Design CORRIDOR CIRCULATION SECTION B
Traffic system Section Public space