Rujia Lin_SSoA_The University of Sheffield_2016-2019 by Rujia Lin

RUJIA

LIN

- Selected Works -

CONTENTS 01 | METABOLIC ISLAND - A Floating Agricultural Complex After Big Flooding In Kelham Island 0 2 | 58.612.1730 I R O N H E A R T - Prestressed pavilion built with a 1.5mm thick steel plate set 03 | PEOPLE'S KITCHEN - A Â£600 Completely Limit Renovation 04 | "TOWARDS UNITY"_SUTURING CYPRUS - A Form of Unity Monument in Cyprus 05 | TYPOLOGY - A Poem of Chinese Rural Fabrication Exploration 06 | REBIRTH OF SPACES' MEMORIES - An Exploration about Architectural Memories 07 | ABSTRACT NATURE - Relationship between Nature and Architectural Spirit 0 8 | A B S T R A C T N A T U R E II - The Growing Umbrella Forest 09 - | OTHER WORKS

R U J I A L I N Education Background: 2018-2019: Master of Art Architectural Design, The University of Sheffield. 2012-2017: Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.), Qingdao University of Technology. Phone Number: +44 7419988998 E-mail: arch.rujialin@gmail.com

Rujia Lin is an architect. He obtained a Bachelor of Architecture degree from Qingdao University of Technology in 2012-2017, Tianhua Architecture Planning & Engineering Limited in 2017-2018, and a Master of Art Architectural Design degree from The University of Sheffield in 2018-2019. Rujia Lin has good professionalism, communication skills, learning ability and creativity. I am committed to urban activation research and digital architecture design and construction, and the design ideas are deeply influenced by Archigram and Metabolism. I hope to continue to explore new prototypes of future cities and buildings and use this to write a new chapter for the future city.

RESUME - Competitions & Awards 2017 Bronze Award of the Shenzhen Institute of Architects for Construction 2016 eVolo Skyscraper Competition - The Honorable Mention Project (Global Top 20) 2017 Exhibition of Architectural Design in Developing Countries - The Excellent Project 2016 The 4th “Zhonglian Cup” National University Students’ Architectural Design Competition - The Second Prize 2017 National Undergraduate Architectural Design Competition - The Second Prize Project 2015 Student’s works exhibition of Exchange Programs of Architecture Schools of China - The Excellent Project - Working & Research Experiences 2014.9 - 2017.7 - SXY Architects Studio - Assistant Architect 2014.7-2014.9 - Assisted with the project of Sales Pavilion in Taishan Road in Qingdao, China 2015.12-2016.10 - Assisted with the project of Qingdao Public Rental Apartments 2016.12-2017.4 - Managed and directed the project of Sanlong Aged Community in Qingdao, China 2014.9 - 2017.3 - Digital Architecture & Manufacturing Lab - Researcher 2014 “Materialized Algorithm” Parametric Design International Workshop 2015 Cincinnati & Qingdao University of Technology Joint Design International Workshop 2015-2016 The research of Qingdao Public Rental Apartments Design 2016 Qingdao TYAD “Square Table Lecture” - As an assistant teacher of parametric design 2016 Shanghai “Digital Future” Summer Workshop - Robotic 3D Bending 2017.7 - 2018.7 - Tianhua Architecture Planning & Engineering Limited - Architect 2017.8-2018.3 - Assisted and won the bid of Junlingtianxi residential competition in Fujian, China 2017.9-2017.10 - Assisted and won the bid of Xiaoshan residential competition in Hangzhou, China 2017.7-2017.11 - Managed and won the bid of Hanzheng Plaza in Wuhan, China 2017.8-2017.12 - Managed and won the bid of Guomai Center in Fuzhou, China

01 | METABOLIC ISLAND - A Floating Agricultural Complex After Big Flooding In Kelham Island My research question is what will Kelham Island become if it was significantly affected by global sea-level rise in 2250? The reason why I choose the point to do research can be separated into two aspects.On the one hand, Kelham Island has its own uniqueness in the history of Sheffield. It has served as a typical regional representative of the Sheffield industrial era, from industrial glory to decline to transformation success; Since the second half of the last century, with the industrial transformation, Kelham Island has also successfully transformed from an industrial area into a cultural district integrating museums, residence and apartments, office leasing and catering. On the other hand, Kelham Island itself is an island, facing many of the same threats in the Anthropocene era as many coastal cities. According to data predictions, Kelham Island's surface land will be completely submerged in 2095, and all buildings will be completely submerged in 2250. (Floodmap 2018) The flood will take away the existing good life on the island. The Metabolism Architecture is a Japanese architectural movement that took place in the 1960s to create a design method that enables cities to quickly rebuild and grow after a devastating disaster. The Metabolism Architecture emphasizes modular and growable buildings. It provides flexible protection methods for the original architectural heritage (museums, pubs, apartments, etc.) before the completely submerge of Kelham Island in 2250. At the same time, it also gives Kelham Island the transformation means to deal with disasters. The research hopes to generate a new Sheffield Metabolism from transforming Kelham Island into Metabolic Island. Design approaches and solutions from this research can be transferable to other areas in Sheffield facing similar challenges. The research methods include historical research, critical thinking, mapping, diagrams, future scenarios, 3d printing models and design.

Earth Layers Note: Author's Own Drawing Earth has a history of billions of years. Different strata have left many fossils in different periods and become the 'memory' of the stratum. Anthropocene is the current stratigraphic name and evidence of human-induced changes to the Earth system.

Anthropocene Signature on the Earth Viewed 20 May 2019. Source: https://www.designboom.com/art/burtynsky-photography-anthropocene-canada-06-24-18/ A large number of man-made objects, desertification caused by deforestation, global warming accelerated by industrialization and the resulting global sea-level rise can be the record of Anthropocene.

The Second Industrial Revolution

Steam Trains Polluted Factories

Private Cars

Forest Destroyed

Steel Buildings

Industry Exposion Modern Polluted Industry Industrial Heritages

Human Industrial Factors Collage Note: Author's Own Drawing Beginning with the second industrial revolution, the speed of human industrialization began to accelerate in essence. Large-scale construction of railways, private car ownership began to increase, the invention of thermal power generation technology, the increase of steel smelting capacity and steel structure architecture and the large-scale deforestation of forests means that human's activities began to leave traces on the entire planet. The atmospheric metal deposition and greenhouse gases were increasing as a result of them. (Allan et al. 2015)

Stepped into Anthropocene

Extreme Heat

Global Food Crisis

Private Cars

Greenhouse Gases Emission Ice Melt

Flood Crisis

Big Tsunami Future Worse Anthropocene Signature

Earth Disasters Collage Note: Author's Own Drawing Extremely hot weather, glacial dissolution, greenhouse gas emissions, flood crises and food crises are the effects of human industrialization in Anthropocene.

1885-1894: The Second Industrial Revolution. The beginning of a comprehensive acceleration of global warming.

1915-1924: The First World War. World War I military needs and the use of hot weapons have brought global warming into a new round of acceleration.

1935-1944: The Second World War. World War II is the largest war in human history, and fossil fuels burn far more than before.

1975-1984: After The Oil Crisis, Oil Production Dramatically Increase.After the first oil crisis, global oil prices plummeted and production surged, causing a sharp increase in oil consumption.

2005-2014: The world population has exceeded 6 billion. The world's population has reached an unprecedented number, and industrial consumption and personal carbon emissions have reached an all-time high.

Global Warming Acceleration Event Timeline Since the second industrial revolution, global warming has experienced five major events with significant acceleration, with different triggering factors, but they are all key acceleration points for human activities to push the Earth into Anthropocene.

Temperature Anomaly (â&#x201E;&#x192;) -2.5

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Global Temperature Changing After the second industrial revolution, the global industry developed rapidly, and the greenhouse gases emitted by human activities into the atmosphere increased rapidly. The statistics of global average temperature rise every 10 years in the figure, and the greenhouse phenomenon continues to accelerate.

Yield Decline

Temperature Impact on Crop Yield (% Per â&#x201E;&#x192;)

4 2 0

Wheat

Rice

Maize

Soybean

-2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 Crops

Temperature Increasing Will Cause Dramatically Crops Yield Decline According to the statistics of National Statistics in the United Kingdom, the output of the four major crops with high demand in the UK will decrease sharply with the increase of the average temperature. Under natural conditions, the ratio of the decrease in the yield of the four crops for each degree of increase in average temperature is wheat. 6%), rice (3%), maize (7%) and soybean (2.5%). However, according to NASA's global warming forecast, global temperatures will likely rise by 4 Â°C in 2100. By then, the global food crisis will be detonated.

Global Crop Map According to Croplands' official crop map, Europe and the UK are both high-density grain-producing regions. The production of four kinds of food in the UK is not high, mainly relying on imports from the European continent. In 2100, global warming caused more than 10% of all food production, the food crisis will sweep the world, and the UK will become the hardest hit.

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The Global Sea Level Rise Prediction & Increase the Risk of Global Food Crisis In the 1870s, after the start of the second industrial revolution, the melting of glaciers under the influence of global warming caused the global sea level to accelerate. According to NASA data, by 2020, global sea level rise has approached 1m since the second industrial revolution and has had a major impact on many coastal cities and deltas. At the same time, NASA predicts that by 2100, the global average temperature is likely to rise by 2 degrees Celsius, and the global sea level will rise again by 2m to 2.5m, which will have a devastating impact on major coastal cities (Shanghai, Mumbai, etc.) and deltas. At a time when global warming is accelerating, there is a possibility that the temperature will rise by 4 degrees Celsius. At that time, the global sea level will probably rise by 8.9m, and many inland cities near the inland rivers and inland lakes will be devastated by floods and heavy rains. Based on this rate of development, the global sea level is likely to rise by 60m in 2320. According to NASA's report, this figure is equivalent to the sea level rise caused by the melting of all glaciers in Antarctica. Some coastal countries in Western Europe (such as the Netherlands) are low-lying and have been hit by floods and tides all year round, and have become more serious after rising global sea levels. As an island nation, the United Kingdom is more threatened by rising sea levels. According to the map, since the global sea level rise of 1m in 2020, the eastern coastal areas of the UK (especially London) will be significantly affected. Moreover, in spite of the extreme precipitation climatic factors, it is expected that the London area will be completely submerged around 2100, and the submerged area will also enter the central Sheffield area, which is where my design is located. Concerned about the British mainland, the east and west coasts of the UK will be threatened by different levels of seawater inundation. It is estimated that by the time the global sea level rises by 60m by 2320, nearly one-half of the land in England will be inundated. Nearly half of the land in the Sheffield area is also affected. As shown in the figure, yellows of different depths indicate different population densities in different d regions. As the seawater inundates the eastern coastal cities, most of the eastern residents need to move to the middle in advance, and Sheffield has become the last safe haven. However, with the increase in population density and the reduction of arable land, coupled with global food production caused by global warming, the food crisis will also be accompanied.

2120 _ Sea Level Increase 8m

2070 _ Sea Level Increase 5m

Soil Exposed to Seawater The sur face of the formation submerged by seawater will collapse due to long-term salt erosion. However, it will also form a protective layer in this long-term process without the seawater penetrating into deeper formations. In addition, the organic matter and impurities accumulated in the seawater are also It will continue to deposit on the interface between seawater and stratum, making the new interface layer thicker. Therefore, shallow land will not be suitable for the construction of building structures, and the research and use of floating structures is more important.

2050 _ Sea Level Increase 2m

2020 _ Sea Level Increase 1m

Concret Exposed to Seawater Seawater is ex tremely cor rosive t o c o n c re t e s t r u c t u re s. S u l f a t e, magnesium and chloride salts in seawater have a serious erosion effect on concrete.

City Center Flooding Process Prediction Kelham Island: Impact Of Global Sea Level Rise

According to NASA and Floodmap data, the ground of Kelham Island will be inundated by the direct threat of flooding in 2050, and will be a key point of flooding, when Kelham Island and the surrounding areas will be under two floors. All of them are submerged and cannot be used, and the original planting function of the land will disappear completely. Kelham Island and its surrounding submerged areas (including partially submerged buildings) will naturally form a new geographical division that will be geographically disconnected from the land. The original geological layer will increase the salt content due to seawater immersion erosion, and the geological stability will be weakened, which cannot be used as a stable building foundation.

Peddler Night Market Kelham Island Museum

Residential Building Rental Office

Abandoned Factories

Central Quay: Students Apartment

Metabolic Island

Arts Tower & Western Bank Library

The Chimney House

The Fat Cat

Cafe & Bar

The Diamond

The Moor Market

SHEFFIELD FLOOD 11th March 2220 Water Height

SHEFFIELD FLOOD 11th March 2195 Water Height

SHEFFIELD FLOOD 11th March 2095 Water Height

Kelham Island Water Height Prediction Note: Author's Own Drawing The fat catâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s wall in the Kelham Island records the water level of the Sheffield floods in 1864 and 2007. We can mark the future water level on the same wall.

Hill Area

2095: Submerged by 7m

Hill Area

2195: Submerged by 27m

Hill Area

2220: Submerged by 35m

Hill Area

2250: Submerged by 60m

Kelham Island Water Height Prediction Note: Author's Own Drawing We can simulate the water level in 2095, 2195, 2220 and 2250 based on the Floodmap data to show the impact of the flood on Kelham Island.

1939-1945: The World War II 1946: Atomic Bomb Nagasaki 1954: Lucky Dragon Incident A Japanese fishing boat accidentally entered the US hydrogen bomb test radiation range and caused all deaths.

Hiroshima

1945-1952: Occupied by USA 1954: Lucky Dragon Incident 1960s: Cold War

Soviet Union

The USA

1954: The First Godzilla Film Monster Godzilla was released five months after Lucky Dragon Incident, and the most classic fishing boat and nuclear explosion lens is the expression of this event.

Fear of Nuclear Ruin

Metabolism Architecture Architecture From Ruins 1960: World Design Conference Fumihiko Maki: Group Form Kisho Kurokawa: Agriculture City 1970s: Japan Economy Challenges In the mid-1970s, Japan faced a severe Decline economic challenge. Meanwhile, the 1973 oil crisis shocked the economy.

Kenzo Tange: Tokyo Project Kiyonori Kikutake: Ocean City 1976: Reyner Banham <Megastructure> Standardization & Unitization Huge and Unlimited Extension

1980s: Postmodern Architecture Flourished Decline The postmodern architecture happened in 1960s and flourished in 1980s which shocked Metabolism.

Small Units Can be Plugged in or Clipped on the Structure The Frame Structure's Lifespan Should be Longer Than The Units Now: Banham Four Principles are Still in Use

What is Metabolism During the preparation for the 1960 TĹ?kyĹ? World Design Conference a group of young architects and designers, including Kiyonori Kikutake, Kisho Kurokawa and Fumihiko Maki prepared the publication of the Metabolism manifesto. They were influenced by a wide variety of sources including Marxist theories and biological processes. Their manifesto was a series of four essays entitled: Ocean City, Space City, Towards Group Form, and Material and Man, and it also included designs for vast cities that floated on the oceans and plug-in capsule towers that could incorporate organic growth. Although the World Design Conference gave the Metabolists exposure on the international stage their ideas remained largely theoretical.

Lifespan: 200 Years

Lifespan: 100 Years

Four Principles of Metabolism Architecture _ <Megastructure> by Reyner Banham in 1976. Note: Author's Own Drawing 1.Standardizaiton and Unitization. 2. Huge and Unlimited Extension which means the Architecture Growing Concept. 3. Small Units Can be Plugged in or Clipped on the Structure. 4. The Frame Structure's Lifespan Should be Longer Than The Units. (Reyner Banham 1976) Reyner Banham's Four Principles Will be the Guidance of my Design.

Question 1: How to Retain and Inherit the Original Architectural Heritages?

Question 2: How to Deal With the Situation of Kelham Island Gradually Being Fully Inundated since 2250?

Filled Airbags - Floating Equipments -

2120 _ Kelham Island _ The Idea of Pre-fabricated Floating Metabolic Island - Constructing From the Beginning of 2020 -

Relationship Between Metabolism and Anthropocene Kelham Island Based on the above statistics, Kelham Island and its surrounding surface land will be completely submerged in 2070. In 2250, all buildings in Kelham Island will be completely submerged. This represents a devastating effect, which means that we should propose a new approach to the preservation of architectural heritage and generate a new architectural form by 2250. By then, Kelham Island will become a 'ruin' of underwater buildings. In order to revitalize Kelham Island in the inundated state, Ocean City proposed by Kiyonori Kikutake can provide theoretical guidance for the end of Kelham Island under Anthropocene, and Reyner Banham's four principles of Metabolism will become the design of Guideline and Methodology. In 2250, Kelham Island needed a new form built on the surface of the water, an island in the sea. This means that it needs to provide self-sufficiency conditions for its own operations (water, food, power, etc). At the same time, its design needs to consider the lifespan of the building as well as component maintenance and renewal. The modular prefabricated Metabolism Architecture under the large framework pointed out by Reyner Banham can fully meet these needs. For the flood threats that began in 2070, the two most important crises facing Kelham Island (food crisis and freshwater crisis) will be solved through modular vertical farming and desalination plants. Seawater erosion will greatly reduce the life of building components, and the modular Metabolism Architecture allows for the replacement of components and the growth and deformation of buildings. The towers in the Ocean city designed by Kiyonori Kikutake are also a collection of energy and vertical farming functions. (Nyilas 2016) At the same time, its floating design can provide inspiration for the design of the new floating Kelham Island in the future. Taken together, we can give Kelham Island a new name in 2250: Metabolic Island. On Metabolic Island, the area of apartments, vertical farming and power stations can vary according to the number of residents, and the island can be self-sufficient and export food and energy. At the same time, Metabolic Island's design is reproducible in other Sheffield areas where face the same problem. Beginning in 2020, the response under the guidance of Metabolism principles will begin.

Protect Strategy: Remain and Renovate Old Buildings' Traffic In 2030, the water level forecast found that in the next 70 years, the water level of the River Don will flood the first floor of all buildings on the kelham island due to global warming. The replacement of the first floor structure of the island began and was completed by the end of 2030 to prevent the construction of the building. The layer structure is rapidly destroyed by seawater erosion. In 2040, a floating-based wind power plant, a vertical floating foundation, and a erected structure above the kelham island museum began to be equipped. In 2050, in order to preserve and inherit the contents of the kelham island museum and the history of the island under the catastrophe era, a new metabolic island museum was built above the erected structure, and the glass corridor was connected to the original museum through a vertical glass traffic core. Inside the museum, you can visit people even when the island is completely submerged. From 2060 to 2070, exhibition buildings and vertical agriculture continued to develop, and desalination equipment was introduced to the daily needs of the supply of metabolic islands. In 2080, the erected apartments above the original apartments are also under construction, and all the buildings on the island will be connected up and down through the glass corridor.

Timeline: The Derivation of Metabolic Island _ Inspired by Reyner Banham's Four Principles. In 2020, based on climate projections, Kelham Island and its surroundings will face a possible threat of complete inundation in the next 230 years. In 2045, in combination with Metabolism and 3D printing technology, a strategy for floating kelham island and selfmetabolizing was developed. The first floor structure of the kelham island has also been gradually replaced by new structures to accommodate the imminent flood threat. In 2070, the replacement of the new structure at the bottom is completed, and the structural renewal plan begins to develop to a higher level. In 2095, the water level in and around kelham island gradually increased, and the flood of the River Don became more frequent. The bottom of the kelham island is gradually being completely submerged. The vertical structure above Kelham Island and the floating structure of vertical farming are under construction. In 2120, in order to enable the vertical structure to carry more loads in the future, giant support structures were built in the gaps between the original buildings of Kelham Island. In 2145, the structural conversion floor above Kelham Island was completed. We hope that the lifespan of giant structures will reach more than 500 years. In the gaps of the structure we can install airbag devices to achieve future floating structures. In 2170, following the four principles of the metabolismism architecture proposed by Reyner Banham in <Megastructure>, the giant structure is used as the framework, and the vertical farming with the same basic modulus (3600mmx3600mmx4200mm) as the structural conversion layer is being constructed. The 'power core' (including seawater desalination, power generators, and power plant equipments) in the middle of the erected structure that meets the same modulus is firstly built to provide energy and water for subsequent construction and activities. The three-dimensional traffic connecting the original building was completed. In 2195, the built and modular apartment (located above the central quay apartment) was built. Metabolic Island was initially formed. Indigenous people from Kelham Island moved into new apartments. The vertical farming and the apartment's farming areas began to supply themselves food and output to the surroundings. Fresh water and energy needed for life are supplied by 'power core'. In this process, the function modules and dwelling modules that lifespan reaches the upper limit can be replaced at any time. In 2220, the Metabolic Island museum, located above the Kelham Island museum, was completed and connected to the original building via three-dimensional traffic. At this point, the basic functions of Metabolic Island were all built. From 2240 to 2245, the sea level continues to rise and Metabolic Island brings together the original features of Kelham Island. It can supply its own energy, water, food and so on. These resources can gradually be exported to surrounding buildings. The functional modules on the island can be updated at any time, and this process is the metabolism of the building. In 2250, global warming has caused the Antarctic glaciers to melt, causing a global sea level rise of 60m. The Kelham Island and the surrounding hills are all submerged. The original support structure was completely removed before this, and the floating equipment of the structural conversion layer caused Metabolic Island to float on the water.

2095 _ Old Site Protection Corridor Note: Author's Own Drawing

Museum

2095 _ Vertical Function Connection Note: Author's Own Drawing

Power Core

2095 _ Vertical Function Connection Note: Author's Own Drawing

Apartment

2095 _ Vertical Function Connection Note: Author's Own Drawing

Activities Space Planting Areas Traffic Core

Ground Floor

2095 _ Modular and Growable Vertical Farming Assemble Analysis Note: Author's Own Drawing

2020: Global Sea Level Rised by 1m

2045: Global Sea Level Rised by 3m

2070: Global Sea Level Rised by 5m

2095: Global Sea Level Rised by 7m

2120: Global Sea Level Rised by 9m

2145: Global Sea Level Rised by 14m

2170: Global Sea Level Rised by 20m

2195: Global Sea Level Rised by 27m

2220: Global Sea Level Rised by 35m

2240: Global Sea Level Rised by 45m

2245: Global Sea Level Rised by 50m

2250: Global Sea Level Rised by 60m

2020: Global Sea Level Rised by 1m

2045: Global Sea Level Rised by 3m

2070: Global Sea Level Rised by 5m

2095: Global Sea Level Rised by 7m

2120: Global Sea Level Rised by 9m

2145: Global Sea Level Rised by 14m

2170: Global Sea Level Rised by 20m

2195: Global Sea Level Rised by 27m

2220: Global Sea Level Rised by 35m

2240: Global Sea Level Rised by 45m

2245: Global Sea Level Rised by 50m

2250: Global Sea Level Rised by 60m

Vertical Farming

Vertical Traffic Core

Metabolic Island Museum

Vertical Farming Traffic Core

Vertical Structure

Kelham Island Museum

Power Core

Turbo Section Power

72.000m

Food Exported by Boats

Âą0.000m -8.000m Vertical Structure

2220 _ Section of Metabolic Island In 2220, Metabolic Island was completed and fully operational. The island itself has the original functions of Kelham Island and hopes to connect with other newly built floating islands in other regions to form a larger water city. The island produces mainly food, and it is an expensive necessity in that era to sustain the economy. The product is connected to the outside world through an amphibious transport vehicle.

r Station

Modular Apartment

Vertical Traffic Core 115.200m

62.000m

Residents Leave by Boats

Some Residents are Still Living in Original Buildings

Rental Office

Connecting Corridor

Central Quay

17.000m

Vertical Structure

Hill Area

2095: Submerged by 7m

2195: Submerged by 27m

Hill Area

2220: Submerged by 35m

2250: Submerged by 60m

- 2320 _ Metabolic Island In 2320, Metabolic Island was completed and fully operational. The island itself has the original functions of Kelham Island and hopes to connect with other newly built floating islands in other regions to form a larger water city. The island produces mainly food, and it is an expensive necessity in that era to sustain the economy. The product is connected to the outside world through an amphibious transport vehicle.

Vertical Farming Supplies Food For The Apartments

'Power Core' Supplies the Fresh Water and Electric Energy to the Vertical Farming 'Power Core' Supplies the Fresh Water and Electric Energy to the Apartments

2220 _ Metabolic Island is Built and Running - The Positional Relationship With Nearby Buildings -

2220 _ View of Metabolic Island Modular Apartment Note: Author's Own Drawing

2220 _ Living Spaces of Metabolic Island Modular Apartments Note: Author's Own Drawing

2220 _ View of Metabolic Island Walking Corridor Note: Author's Own Drawing

2220 _ Metabolic Island Underwater Spiral Stairs Note: Author's Own Drawing

0 2 | 58.612.1730 I R O N H E A R T - Prestressed pavilion built with a 1.5mm thick steel plate set Collabrator: Yihao Liang, Guangxin Yu, Wenyuan Gao, Jiahe Chen, Jianqiao Wang, Jinkai Wang 2016 Shanghai " Digital Future " Workshop Exhibition Opening & International Symposium Robotic 3D Bending

Accompanied by some technologies which aim to build quickly and industirally, a large number of design have been built in modern cities. As a result of this phenomenon, a large number of buildings which are manufactured in a rough way appeared in modern cities. The buildings lost some traditional advantages which should have been inherited from thousands of years ago. So the handcraft and constructed by our architects ( who are not only responsible for designing )become more and more important. This can be called a kind of poem which belongs to construction and architects. We are trying to return to the process.

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Research on Space Prototype The space prototype is derived from one kind of basic space which combines two groups of slope and board .This kind of basic space is one of the most commonly using spaces. So, this kind of space is most worthy of researching. But the space which seems simple can be abstracted in three layers: ground, floor, roof. There will be a lot of combined results through the methods of substraction or addition for spaces even though the origin space is so simple.

Research on Effect of Structure Lines The whole structure of the pavillion is made up of 58 steel plates whose thickness is only 1.5mm. According to the common sense, so many steel plates with this thickness can not even support their own weights so it's impossible to use them to build a pavillion whose span is 7.5m .Based on this, we decided to calculate and create some structure lines on each steel plate so their strenth will be improved. The platform on the second floor can support the weight of one adult.

Sperated Method By Genetic Algorythm Since the thickness of each original steel plate is only 1.5 mm, the steel plate itself can only withstand a slight tangential stress. We use Kangaroo to cut each original steel plate in different positions into different force-bearing units, calculate the tangential stress that each force-bearing unit needs to bear, and increase the tangential bearing strength of the steel plate by designing the processing stress groove. At the same time, it does not affect the lightness of the pavilion.

Panels Manufacturing Method In the process of prestressed steel plate, in order to provide conditions for the processing of the prestressed groove, we first designed the processing load-bearing base composed of the wooden cone module, and inserted the triangular prism plastic body into the cone to strengthen the bearing capacity of the base. At the same time, the hollowed out part can provide a certain degree of deformation interval for the 1.5mm thick steel plate during the processing. The pre-stressed groove was machined using the KUKA robot's pressing force on the original steel plate fixed to the machining base with steel crimping. In order to reduce the friction during the process, we pre-spray the original steel plate.

Analysis Of Steel Panels To make all of the steel panels have enough strength to support forces from different directions, we utilized kangaroo which is a parametric software to calculate and generate different structure lines on different steel panels to reinforce them. There're 58 steel panels to form the construction in total. The pictures above express the different structure lines of the 58 steel panels and then we utilized these data to process through KUKA and water jet cutter.

Fabrication Process of The Iron Pavilion The construction of the entire pavilion lasted four days and four nights, using two scaffolding and a total of eight builders. I worked with Liang to design the entire construction process and conducted a construction risk assessment and presentation. The main body of the Pavilion can be divided into three parts, the two parts of the staggered space (inclined ramps and slabs) and the roof section. The roof part has a very large self-weight, and the structure of the single-use space part cannot support the weight of the roof. The design of the pavilion adopts the overall pre-stress, that is, the pulling force of the roof pick-up part is also subjected to the pulling force of the other part of the use space in addition to the supporting force of the used space part. Work together to achieve a balance of power. Therefore, our construction decided to first build the cross-use space section, use the scaffolding and the cable to lift the completed roof section and finalize the suspension to achieve the overall installation.

Risk Pre-Assessment, Result Feedback And Reflection Before the construction, I and Liang made a risk estimate for the construction process. First of all, when constructing the two parts of the staggered space, because the oblique steel plates and the floor slabs do not have the ability to bear their own weight, they need small scaffolding or construction personnel to carry out manpower support. This may cause injury to a certain extent, and the result is that the construction members are slightly Bruises. Secondly, the roof itself is extremely heavy, and it is necessary to add a set pulley during the lifting process, and it is necessary to pay attention to the roof safety at all times. Finally, in the process of docking up and down, due to the excessive self-weight, the roof always needs personnel to control the dangling. Due to the deformation and processing error of the steel plate, the docking error of the two is greatly accumulated, and a large external force is required to join. This process is also easy. Injury caused, in fact, caused a certain degree of abrasion. For the final result, the actual floor can withstand 1-2 adult weights and meet expectations.

03 | PEOPLE'S KITCHEN - A £600 Completely Limit Renovation Collaborators: Emma Koch, Karolina Kaminskaite, Juan Ruiz, Ifigenia Ioannou, Cristina Carcanescu, Alice Howland, Michael Jenkins, Samuel Myatt, Kelubia Onaro A Renovation of Listed House in Abbeyfield Park, Sheffield

This lovely house and garden dates back to a more gracious time in Burngreave. It was first built by local colliery owner, William Pass, in 1850 on what was then called Pitsmoor Road (now Barnsley Road). Although there are no religious connections with the site, he called it Pitsmoor Abbey. It was then sold to Bernard Wake, a wealthy solicitor, whose family lived at Osgathorpe. He changed the name to Abbeyfield House and made many alterations. He enlarged the house and changed its orientation so that it faced into the gardens with a view south-west towards Sheffield. He also added a boating lake, and stables, a kitchen garden, a sundial, and glasshouses to one side of the building. The gardens were completely remodelled in a naturalistic style. Records from the 1891 National Census show that Wake was living there as a widower with his son and daughter and six servants. The house and gardens were bought in 1909 after Wake’s death by Sheffield Corporation to create a park for local people. It appears to have been quite a controversial decision. At that time there was a debate within the corporation over whether there were enough green spaces in Sheffield. Some said that there were too many parks in the city, however the opening to the public was well received. A local newspaper of the time described how people flocked to view the new park and catch a glimpse of what life was like for the upper classes, in what had previously been a private place. Since the early 1900’s 1900s, the grounds have been continuously managed as a park, but the house has been used for a variety of purposes. It first became a centre for teaching domestic work, or training servants. During the First World War it housed Firshill School Infants Department, when the school itself was taken over by military authorities as a hospital. Then it became part of Firth Park Grammar School between 1918 and 1926 before being converted into three separate flats for caretakers. It is now used as office space for several community organisations.

Abbeyfield Park Location Diagram The proposed site for the Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Kitchen Pitsmoor is the largely derelict stables of Abbeyfield House. At the heart of Pitsmoor within the popular Abbeyfield Park the stables have the potential to be a valuable public space.

Abbeyfield Park Stable Elevation Collage The proposed site for the Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Kitchen Pitsmoor is the largely derelict stables of Abbeyfield House. At the heart of Pitsmoor within the popular Abbeyfield Park the stables have the potential to be a valuable public space.

Original Stable Elevation and Plan Drawing 1. Roof is in poor condition - The slate tiling is partly vandalised and falling off. 2. Timber structure is worn out and buckling in most areas within view. Roof is cladded with painted metal which sits on bitumen sheet (visible at the top edge of the wall). 3. Flat roof is coverd with bitumen sheet. It is also low enough to be climbed from the back, which poses a safety hazard. Walls are clad in brick and window openings are closed off with timber boards and wire netting. 4. Roof is covered with bitumen sheet (this appears to be a recent addition). 5. Roof is clad with slate roof tiles. 6. Walls are clad with brick which is very grimy in appearance. There are graffiti stains on the surface of the bricks and on the doors 7. Walls are clad with stone which also has a very unclean and unattrractive look. There are graffiti stains on the windows and doors.

Abbeyfield Park Site Analysis The stables are situated in Abbeyfield Park. The park forms a popular pedestrian route between Pitsmoor and Burngreave Road and contains football fields, a playgroud, sports pitch and bowling green.

Abbeyfield Park Site Potential The Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Kitchen could form the core intervention in Abbeyfield Park. The park has the potential to also support new ecological and social interventions.

Demographics Pitsmoor is characterised by its wide range of ethinicities, cultures and religions. Ethnic minorities make up over 63% of the population. Pitsmoor is part of Burngreave, a ward of Sheffield suffering extreme deprivation with significantly lower life expectancy and poorer general health compared to most wards in Sheffield. Whilst the statistics portray an unprivileged Pitsmoor, the community spirit and the community groupsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; willingness to engage surfaced in our discussions with the people of Pitsmoor. This was further proof to us that a place like The Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Kitchen would be of value to Pitsmoor and could act as catalyst in improving the area.

Global Food Culture Research

Disabled Access and Child Friendly Design The design of the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s kitchen should be accessible to all. Spaces should be large enough for a wheelchair to turn easily and should include furniture of a suitable height. Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s kitchen has the opportunity to provide social and play spaces for the families and young children in Pitsmoor. Key ideas generated from conversations at St. James playground and the Welcome Centre playgroup were: Children growing school; Eat and play sessions; Children eating area and flexible seating arrangements.

Design Activities in Pitsmoor Abbeyfield Park

Global Food Culture Research

Stable Inner Space Collage The skyscrapers in Cityside of Cyprus need an abstract design with complex origin city functions in them. Meanwhile, the design of elevation will be more commemorative and ritualistic. We can satisfy the needs of the functions that skyscrapers are as one kind of unity monument.

04 | "TOWARDS UNITY" SUTURING CYPRUS - A Form of Unity Monument in Cyprus Designer: Rujia Lin 2016 eVolo Skyscraper Competition - The Honoroble Mention Project

Cyprus, a splited country by Un buffer zone - Spliting Factor: Religions, politics, water, etc - Adding combination symbol of united spirit and functions - 'Touching' from Michelangelo Sistine Chapel Ceiling - Monolith from Kubrick: 2001 A space odyssey - Ape and David Bowie touched monolith and got evolution - Abstracting characters of monolith to adapt Cyprus Skyscrapers. Nicosia is the capital of Cyprus and it is the only one divided city in the world which was split into two parts since 1974. Two parts were divided by “UN Buffer Zone” which was made up of buildings, fences, walls and so on. The demographic composition of nicosia consist of Turks who live in northern cities and Greeks who live in southern cities. There were lots of public spaces and facilities in the “UN Buffer Zone” before Cyprus were divided and people needed them. But at the same time, the “UN Buffer Zone” became a barrier between the two parts because of it’s a limit of height. Both Turks and Greek in Nicosia are looking forward to a unified country very much but the “UN Buffer Zone” seems that it can’t be overstepped. So I decided to change the horizontal “ UN Buffer Zone ” and public spaces near it to vertical direction, and then the limit of height would be broken. Both Turks’ and Greek‘s ordinary life will have intersection in the skyscrapers and the connection can’t be limited any more. So we can suturing Cyprus! There’re three design points of the “Unify Monument” skyscrapers: 1. Looking at it for each time, people in Cyprus could remember those periods that Cyprus were split into two parts. 2. Water is one of the most important elements for people in Nicosia. Water in vertical “ UN Buffer Zone ” can make people know that we connected the two parts with “ water ”, and this is an important function of the skyscrapers. 3. These skyscrapers distribute in all the main areas of Cyprus which are passed through by the “ UN Buffer Zone ”. So the whole Cyprus will be “sutured”

UN Buffer Zone

Skyscrapers in N

Nicosia, Cyprus

UN Buffer Zone

Historical Evolution Collage & Sceneries In Un Buffer Zone There're a large number of buildings and constructions in UN BUFFER ZONE. These buildings are not utilized now but they're extremely important spaces for both Turkeys and Greeces. This is one kind of space wasting and it must be the entry point of the design. So the core of the design must be the method of creating ways for utilizing these spaces again.

1191 The British occupied Cyprus by Crusade

358 Unitied by Rome

1974 Military conflict formally erupted between Turkey and Greece

1960 Cyprus announced independent

1974 - now UN Buffer Zone 333 B.C Nicosia

395 Coexistence of Christianity and Islam in Cyprus

1571 Occupied by Turkey

1963 Conflicts erupted between Turkey group and Greece group

Split The national flag of Turkey and Greece are here.

Mosque No haji

UN Buffer Zone Limitation consist of buildings and constructions.

Monument The monument in the UN Buffer Zone is one kind of symbol of people's wishes for Cyprus' unity.

Trade Difficult to trade with each other.

Monolith in 2001: A Space Odyssey The mysterious Monolith in Stanley Kubrick’s film <2001: A Space Odyssey> is a source of inspiration for the stitching of Cyprus. In the movie, Monolith can be interpreted as a collection of aliens, gods, monuments, and super technology. It has multiple symbolic meanings. We should not even call it ‘it’, but should be ‘She’. In my opinion, we can extract three elements from Monolith: minimalist geometry, monumental, maternal. I use this most pure and original form to be the basic form of the skyscraper, and it is projected to be the largest shock to the Cypriots and the world. This shock will serve as a spiritual drive to drive the Cypriots to unite in physical action.

St. Catherline Kilisi Belediye Parazi Buyuk Han Holy Cross Catholic Church

Selimiye Mosque

Design Strategy - Suturing Cyprus by Skyscrapers

1. Cyprus is divided by Turkey and Greece. Nicosia is the capital of Cyprus and it’s the only one divided city in the world now. 2. “UN Buffer Zone” is the boundaries between the northern area and the southern area of Cyprus. 3. All the people in Cyprus are looking forward to unifying.

Water System of Skyscrapers

Horizontal Transport Center

Water Collecting Center

Vertical Transport Center

Water Treatment Center

Water Collecting Center: 1. Storing rainwater and transporting to the water treatment center; 2. Increasing spaces of collecting rainwater. Water Treatment Center: 1. The vertical " UN Buffer Zone " is filled with water; 2. Cities can get enough water for lives or industry. Vertical Transport Center: 1. The inner tubes transport water from top to bottom; 2. The outer tubes mainly transport seawater to the top for desalination. Horizontal Transport Center: Tubes have equipments to control the speed of water in them so the water can satisfy vray water pressure of different cities.

A church with abstract form which represents the faith of Greece .

Amosque with abstract form which represents the faith of Turkeys .

These are the architectural complex composed by some small public buildings which can satisfy the vary needs of a small number of people .

Communication spaces in Nicosia's skyscrapers play a great part in abandant the huge spaces in a long time instead of a short time .

Space Diagram of Skyscraper The skyscrapers in Cityside of Cyprus need an abstract design with complex origin city functions in them. Meanwhile, the design of elevation will be more commemorative and ritualistic. We can satisfy the needs of the functions that skyscrapers are as one kind of unity monument.

The Skyscraper's Section Design Concept The design of the skyscraper is embedded with abstract geometric features with ritual features from the inside out. The skyscraper in Nicosia is embedded in all the important public buildings around the UN buffer zone within its radiation range. These public buildings include: Nicosia Reservior (an important natural water source storage), Holy Cross Catholic Church, Buyuk Han, Monument (the original unified monument), Belediye Parazi (The Biggest & Oldest Market), Selimiye Mosque (The Biggest & Oldest Mosque), E.Cetin Street (The Biggest & Most Famous Business Street) and St.Catherine Kelisesi (The Most Famous Christ Church). These embedded features together constitute the main function of the skyscraper, in addition, the middle of the skyscraper is embedded with the spherical 'world's space, the split history and the Un buffer zone projected from the inside are even more shocking.

Typical Perspectives in the Skyscraper The skyscrapers in Cityside of Cyprus need an abstract design with complex origin city functions in them. Meanwhile, the design of elevation will be more commemorative and ritualistic. We can satisfy the needs of the functions that skyscrapers are as one kind of unity monument.

Freshwater System The freshwater symtem can collect rainwater and seawater transported from the sea and desalinate.

City Public Spaces For attracting citizen to gather into the skyscrapers, I extracted all the main elements of public spaces of Cyprus like theaters, zoos, factories, gardens and so on.

Viewing Rampway The rampways between up and down floors are not only connecting structures but also viewing platforms in the skyscrapers.

Monument : Unity As a monument for unifying, I designed two vertical rivers in the elevations of each skyscraper. The reversal strategy can emphasize the moral of unifying.

Atrium Space The atrium spaces in the skyscraper can make the space between up and down floors more abundant. At the same time, people can get a wide field of vision when they are near the atrium spaces.

Nature Landscapes Adding enough spaces for landscape of cities.

05 | TYPOLOGY - A Poem of Chinese Rural Fabrication Exploration Designer: Rujia Lin Collaborators: Jianfei Yang, Xuan Tang, Jun Yang

Water is the most important natural resource of traditional dwellings with agriculture as its core industry. The design focuses on rural water systems, taking advantage of the construction of new residential areas to improve rural infrastructure and expanding a single village drainage system into rural agricultural water storage, ecological landscapes and public spaces. This achieves the three goals of the new residence of the Yi people: 1. Improve the weak agricultural infrastructure with water storage systems to deal with the water shortage in the arid regions of central Yunnan and the uneven distribution of water resources in some areas. 2. The ecological landscape system improves the living environment and restores the living ecology of the landscape trees. 3. Public space carries traditional cultural activities and serves as a link to maintain the geographical relationship within traditional settlements.

Site characteristics and strategies The design site is located in Lifang Village, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China. The village is located at a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. The existing houses are arranged in a multi-parallel state in line with the dense terrain. The new dwellings take the original water system at the entrance of the village as a clue, and arrange the buildings to conform to the topographical height difference on both sides of the water system, forming a village street with waterscape as the carrier, and connecting the public squares in series. The waterscape system of the new dwellings is integrated with the drainage system of the old village to form the landscape infrastructure of the village.

Water Diversion Strategy For Uneven Water/Water Resource Allocation

Tea Culture

Neighborhood life

Traditional Crops

Square Sacrifice

Luo&Sheng(Chinese Instrument) Performance

Festival Celebration

Use The Original Water System Of The Village To Build Public Systems And Waterscape Ecosystems

Industry & House Types: Based on the production methods of different industries, the design proposes four different industrial types: handicrafts, agriculture, commerce and homestay. The design is to introduce the water system as a public carrier into the residential courtyard and participate in the public space inside the residence. The apartment type concretely defines the lifestyles of the four industries, and combines and mixes them in the new village to provide diversity for the public life of the new village.

Model 1: A+B+B+C

Type A: Handicraft House

Business provides sales channels for agricultural and handicraft products; handicrafts and agriculture are nearby to save transportation costs for business.

Model 2: A+C+D+D

Type B: Bussiness House

B&B guests can participate in the agricultural music experience, increase income beyond farming, and the income generated by guest consumption makes up for the lack of business functions.

Model 3: B+B+D B&B guestsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; traffic consumption promotes business development, and commercial products provide convenience for guests who come to stay.

Responding to traditional construction techniques: residential buildings use a mix of bauxite and wood frames, renewing traditional construction techniques to accommodate contemporary living needs. Using local materials to create a comfortable living space, it responds to the local tradition of traditional construction culture.

Type C: Agricultural House

Model 4: A+A+C+D The handicraft industry and the agricultural production process provide visitors with experience activities, and the flow of bed and breakfast guests increases the additional income of agriculture and handicrafts.

Type D: Homestay House

The Strategy of Original Water Using:

Original Site Status

Terrain Trend

Water Source Location

Enhance Water Floow

Water Diversion

Water Yard

The Current Spreading

Water As Desgin Medium

Living Around Water

Render of Water System Node At the entrance and exit of the new settlement, we have used the terrain to design the stacked water landscape and the collection square. The main axis of the village and the forest in the distance between the village and the forest form a natural form of natural integration of the village and the forest. As a node of the river, the pool becomes an important landscape for public activities, and also provides real-time water storage for the water inside the settlement.

Rammed Earth Fabrication System Node At the entrance and exit of the new settlement, we have used the terrain to design the stacked water landscape and the collection square. The main axis of the village and the forest in the distance between the village and the forest form a natural form of natural integration of the village and the forest. As a node of the river, the pool becomes an important landscape for public activities, and also provides real-time water storage for the water inside the settlement.

Design Site Plan The design site is located in Lifang Village, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China. The village is located at a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. The existing houses are arranged in a multi-parallel state in line with the dense terrain. The new dwellings take the original water system at the entrance of the village as a clue, and arrange the buildings to conform to the topographical height difference on both sides of the water system, forming a village street with waterscape as the carrier, and connecting the public squares in series. The waterscape system of the new dwellings is integrated with the drainage system of the old village to form the landscape infrastructure of the village.

Roof

Structure of Roof

The First Floor

Structure of Beam Frame

The Ground Floor

4 5

1. Dining Hall 2. Parlor 3. Kitchen 4. Yard 5. Storage 6. Bedroom

1. Kitchen 2. Dining Hall 3. Yard 4. Reception 5. Bedrooms

Plans of Handicraft House

Plans of Homestay House

Roof

Structure of Roof

Structure of Roof The First Floor

The First Floor

The Ground Floor

Structure of Beam Frame

1. Dining Hall 2. Storage 3. Yard 4. Parlor 5. Store 6. Bedroom 7. Studio

The Ground Floor

1. Livestock 2. Farming 3. Dining Hall 4. Yard 5. Kitchen 6. Parlor 7. Bedroom 8. Studio 9. Bedroom

1 2

Plans of Agricultural House

Plans of Business House

Render of The Business House: Street View and Yard Space The design site is located in Lifang Village, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China. The village is located at a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. The existing houses are arranged in a multi-parallel state in line with the dense terrain. The new dwellings take the original water system at the entrance of the village as a clue, and arrange the buildings to conform to the topographical height difference on both sides of the water system, forming a village street with waterscape as the carrier, and connecting the public squares in series. The waterscape system of the new dwellings is integrated with the drainage system of the old village to form the landscape infrastructure of the village.

Render of the Agricultural House The design site is located in Lifang Village, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China. The village is located at a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. The existing houses are arranged in a multi-parallel state in line with the dense terrain. The new dwellings take the original water system at the entrance of the village as a clue, and arrange the buildings to conform to the topographical height difference on both sides of the water system, forming a village street with waterscape as the carrier, and connecting the public squares in series. The waterscape system of the new dwellings is integrated with the drainage system of the old village to form the landscape infrastructure of the village.

Render of Handicraft House: Inner Space and Yard Space The design site is located in Lifang Village, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China. The village is located at a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. The existing houses are arranged in a multi-parallel state in line with the dense terrain. The new dwellings take the original water system at the entrance of the village as a clue, and arrange the buildings to conform to the topographical height difference on both sides of the water system, forming a village street with waterscape as the carrier, and connecting the public squares in series. The waterscape system of the new dwellings is integrated with the drainage system of the old village to form the landscape infrastructure of the village.

Render of The Homestay House: Bedroom The design site is located in Lifang Village, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China. The village is located at a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. The existing houses are arranged in a multi-parallel state in line with the dense terrain. The new dwellings take the original water system at the entrance of the village as a clue, and arrange the buildings to conform to the topographical height difference on both sides of the water system, forming a village street with waterscape as the carrier, and connecting the public squares in series. The waterscape system of the new dwellings is integrated with the drainage system of the old village to form the landscape infrastructure of the village.

06 | REBIRTH OF SPACES' MEMORIES - An Exploration about Architectural Memories Designer: Rujia Lin The Old Buildings Reconstruction of D17 Brewery Area

There are some memory remained in the old spaces of old buildings even though these buildings may not be utilized .Not only the spaces or structures but also the materials can awake people's memory of these buildings .The memories which are remained in these factors represent a kind of culture and emotion of this district and they may be the most important factors of the old spaces because these factors can activate them and then they may not be only lifeless stones .

Jiluo Road

r Rive Ci t y

u Ro

Diko

Satellite Map of D17 Cultural and Creative Industry Park

Small Commercial Street Small Beer Market

Winery Worker Families City River

Residential Area

D17 Cultural and Creative Industry Park

Shallow and Deep

Daily Necessities Market

Beer Culture Restaurants

Beer & Cafe & Disco Beer Workshops

Face International Beer and Entertainment

Hotels

Culture Relationship of D17 Cultural and Creative Industry Park D17 Cultural and Creative Industry Park is located on the former site of Jinan Baotuquan Beer Company. Baotuquan Beer is an important beer brand in Shandong Province of China. It was industrially impacted in the 1990s and gradually shut down production. The old site now mainly retains the production of fine beer and the promotion of beer culture. The Industrial Park is a transformational strategy under the government policy to preserve and transform the Baotuquan beer culture. The existing functions around the industrial park are mostly the cultural and commercial industries under the leadership of beer culture. The former site of the brewery carries the memories of the old brewery workers and the surrounding residents. The project took place under the leadership of the government and Baotuquan Beer Company, a design competition for industrial renewal and cultural preservation.

1. Original Figure & Ground

2. Align to the Same Axis

3. Pubic Spaces & Planting Area

Figure-Ground Relationship

4. Make some connections

Central Plaza : Pe o p l e c a n s p e n d their time resting or enjoy themselves drinking coffee here.

Moat : The moat accommodated 40 years people's memory of the area.

Face International : Including some functions such as restaurants, bowling, KTV, pubs, etc.

Office Building : Many old officers worked in this building since many years ago.

Shallow and Deep : This building was a chamber since many years ago lik e face international.

Inhabitant Area : This is the only inhabitant area around here.

Original Factories Original Brewery

Public

Yard

Width

Openness

Big Areas

Cylinder

Multi

Large

Steps

Renovation Design Thinking Diagram

Abstract Essential Factors of Spaces

As one Industrial Heritage

As one Cultural Center

Time

Abstract Essential Factors of Spaces

As High Yield Factories & Storehouse

As one High Yield Brewery

2017 1970

Factories Renovation Diagram

38.800 29.400

12.000 8.000 ±0.000

Office Southern Elevation 1:650

24.000 17.400 11.000 5.400 ±0.000

Office Eastern Elevation 1:650

Office Western Elevation 1:650

Office & Brewery Renovation Diagram

Face International

N Planting Area

4 5 6 1

12 12

13 17

5 6

5 2 7 14

Original Office Building

Ground Plan 1:650 1. Reading Area 2. Enterance Hall 3. Office 4. Storage 5. Resting Area 6. Office 7. Reading Area 8. Courtyard 9. Art Gallery 10. Exhibition Hall 11. Storage Room 12. Mediation Room 13. Storage Room 14. Exhibition Hall 15. Cafe 16. Library 17. Office

2Nd Floor Plan 1:1200

3Rd Floor Plan 1:1200

4Th Floor Plan 1:1200

5Th Floor Plan 1:1200

6Th Floor Plan 1:1200

7Th Floor Plan 1:1200

Plans of The Buildings

Perspective of The Library & Silo Space

45Â°

Section 1-

This building was one old brewery building in this district with seven floors. There are even no cut-through spaces among the seven floors so that the whole interesting and active spaces are created to make the old brewery building more suitable for users in it. What's more, the inspiration of those "z" shaped spaces c one amazing thing which can make sunlight a real factor in utilization

Section 2-

These three old factory buildings were used to store temporarily some raw metarials, equipments or some finished products and then from which places, these cargos extremely good chance to create some interesting spaces. So I designed some louvers to bring sunlight in and make the spaces some change in the vertical level. The sha into two parts in vertical level to make the height of each floor more suitable for people's activity. Secondly, I made some cut-through spaces in eac

45Â°

-1 1:600

e spaces won't get any change and activity. The design aims to create more changeable and activities for the old brewery building and then, more and more cut-through spaces comes from the master Beaza's design which can bring the sunlight into the bottom of the building through those cut-through floors. That's n. And this factor can make the people more familiar with the spaces.

45Â°

-2 1:600

can be transported otherwhere. And at the same time, the old factory spaces are a kind of longspan and high altitude space so that this basic condition gives me one ape of the louvers is really delicate and simple so that it can attract a lot of people to come in and make them want to take some activities in it. Firstly, I divided the spaces ch of the factories to motivate the original serious spaces. Finally, I inserted some functions into these buildings such as offices, cafe, bars and so on.

Activity Center in New Factory Space The old factories' structure should be remained and I have done it .To make more interesting spaces for communication ( both for viewing and talking ), I have utilized the columns of the old factories and made floors on them. Then, substraction of the floors may make the concept come true. At the same time, some insertion of wooden metarials will bring the old factories more vitality. Finally, I designed a new kind of skylight to get enough light for the function of office or cafe.

Exhibition Hall & Library in New Factory Space The old factories' structure should be remained and I have done it. To attract more people to come in, spaces of exhibition and library will be inserted on the ground floor. The design of high windows will provide the exhibition hall and library with enough and homogeneous light. So the old and closed spaces of factories can be activated to be really nice. The lively elevation in colorful boards can make the whole building renewable but still remains original structure.

07 | ABSTRACT NATURE - Relationship between Nature and Architectural Spirit Designer: Rujia Lin Design of school for nine-year compulsory education

Nature, which is one of the most fundational source of art creation, gives human beings continued inspiration to create more and more excellent projects and masterpiece by its representational shape or abstract properties. Mountains and rivers, which can be called the most common sceneries for people to abstract from for creating, have their unique properties in texture and tension. So I design the building by utilizing these factors abstracted from them.

Design Background The site is located in Qingdao. There're one lake and one resort hotel on the artificial island. Then, three residential districts on the west side of the site. Finally, scenes around the site are almost planting areas or farmlands instead of city scenery. Far beyond the site, the main scenery transfers to city buildings in high density.

3 Gym

Gym

4 Inside

Gym

Sunk Square

Outside

Inside

Outside

Response

Rotate

Source of Space Concept: Terrace Nature, as the soul of the planet, has become the most important source of art creation. Mountain, as one of the most common sceneries, has become one kind of interesting source of inspiration of architecture's shape. Meanwhile, terraced field, as one of the most glorious artificial scenery, showed their unique charm in space by combining the mountains' terrain and people's planning.

Photography of Model These two pictures are the perspective of model of the design which can vividly reflect the relationship among all the spaces. The main material of this model is melamine MDF which is one kind of density board. This kind of material can vividely reflect some sorts of the material when the design come to be constructed.

Secondary Enterance

13 1

16 22

20 1

C 24

Main Enterance Cars Enterance

Grou

2 2

2 1

10 14

16 17

6 4

17 20

18 17 17 17

2nd Flo

1. Enterance Hall 2. Media Room 3. Computer Room 4. Broadcast Room 5. Repairing Room 6. Reading Area 7. Decontamination Room 8. Diet Preparation 9. Saling Windows 10. Dining Hall 11. Large Classroom 12. Reading Area 13. Fine Art Classroom 14. Fine Art Equipment 15. Language Classroom 16. Teachers' Office 17. Music Classroom 18. Teachers' Office 19. Archives Room 20. Printing Room 21. Media&Computer Room 22. Technological Room 23. Swimming Pool 24. P.E Office 25. Media Resource Room 26. Technological Activity

15 21

17 18 19 11

und Plan 1:1600

oor Plan 1:1600

3rd Floor Plan 1:1600

1. Balcony Space 2. Teachers' Office 3. Reading Area 4. Common Classroom 5. Secondary Hall 6. Liabrary Space 7. Over the Courtyard 8. Diet Preparation 9. Saling Windows 10. Technological Room 11. Outdoor Corridor 12. Sunken Square 13. Auditorium 14. Technological Activity 15. Media&Computer Room 16. Over the Small Hall 17. Teachers' Office 18. Individual Coaching 19. Activities Room 20. Basketball Area 21. P.E Office 22. Tech Supporting Room 23. Multi-Function Hall 24. Music Classroom 25. Scenery Balcony 26. Language Laboratory

22 4

4 6

23 24

4th Floor Plan 1:1600

1. Enterance Hall 2. Common Classroom 3. Over the Small Hall 4. Reading Area 5. Secondary Enterance Hall 6. Moral Education Room 7. Scenery Balcony Space 8. Over the Courtyard 9. Enterance&Resting Area 10. Moral Education Room 11. Language Laboratory 12. Teachers' Office 13. Individual Coaching 14. Reception Area 15. Scenery Corridor 16. Language Classroom 17. Storage Room 18. Meeting Room 19. Secondary Enterance 20. Open-shelf Reading Area 21. Fine Art Exhibition Room 22. Moral Exhibition Room 23. Large Scenery Balcony 24. Long Scenery Balcony 25. Outside Corridor 26. Roof of the Auditorium

4 15 22 23

19 18 17

5th Floor Plan 1:1600

A-A Section 1:1600

B-B Section 1:1600

C-C Section 1:1600

Parallel of fourth floor's detail

Set up slope roof

Parallel of third floor's detail

Four-floor spaces shaped "U" superposition

Parallel of second floor's detail

Three-floor spaces shaped "U" superposition

Parallel of central yard's detail

Two-floor spaces in zigzag shape superposition

Parallel of dinning hall's detail

Parallel of main entrance's detail Cut-through space superposition

20.000

15.000

10.000 9.300

5.900 5.000 4.300

9.000 Âą0.000

Central Yard & Back Sets The first one is the central yard which is between the primary part and senior part. This yard is for all of the students in the school and students from different grades can play or study together here. The second picture is the parallel drawing of the back sets spaces which are formed by rotating blocks and they can create a large number of playing and studing spaces for students which can connect different students from different grades. So all the spaces can be connected together.

Enterance Yard & Library The first one is the enterance yard of the primary school part which is formed by different rotated blocks. There're a large number of terraces formed by this way and they can be wonderful spaces for students.The library whose space is formed by the rotating layers of back sets. One kind of wonderful spaces appeared then which are also one kind of back sets spaces inside. Addition to the spaces outside, the inside spaces become one extremely appropriate response to the environment.

0 8 | A B S T R A C T N A T U R E II - The Growing Umbrella Forest Designer: Rujia Lin Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding Extension Visitor Center

The Panda Base Entrance Visitor Center is located in the Giant Panda Base in Chengdu, China. It is a subsidiary of the Chengdu Giant Panda Base Expansion Project and aims to innovate and enhance the iconic entrance of the Giant Panda Base. The Visitor Center is adjacent to the famous Panda Gate and is the "living room" of the giant panda base. At the entrance of the world's top panda base, which receives more than 14 million visitors annually, our building is intervened in the site with groundbreaking lightness and transparency, natural growth concepts, and advanced green sustainable building technology and structural design.

Farmland Bus Parking Area Farmland

d Re lin e

Redline

Taxi&Shuttle Bus Station City Square

SITE

h Hig

e tag

re Wi

l Vo

Panda Gate People Flow from Road Personal Parking Area

Site Analysis The Panda Base Entrance Visitor Center is located in the Giant Panda Base in Chengdu, China. It is a subsidiary of the Chengdu Giant Panda Base Expansion Project and aims to innovate and enhance the iconic entrance of the Giant Panda Base. The Visitor Center is adjacent to the famous Panda Gate and is the "living room" of the giant panda base. At the entrance of the world's top panda base, which receives more than 14 million visitors annually, our building is intervened in the site with groundbreaking lightness and transparency, natural growth concepts, and advanced green sustainable building technology and structural design.

Architectural Concept Generation The design concept originated from the forest pebbles, with the sides facing the square crowd, dense forest and farmland. The natural curve of the pebbles softened the boundary between human and nature to the greatest extent, and also maximized the architectural landscape. The umbrellashaped growth of the pebble roof spreads out, staggered, and rises and falls, forming a superposition of the space with the dense forest behind, and the umbrella forest and the dense forest complement each other. The building is enclosed by laminated white glass and intervenes in the site in a light and transparent state, which expands the transparency of the building to the extreme, eliminating the sense of space depression brought by the huge number of visitors in the entrance square.

Plane Construction Positioning The building facade adopts 4 kinds of roof heights: 4m, 5m, 6m and 7m, corresponding to 4 structural forms and material styles: modern glulam, GRC concrete with white coating, steel frame structure anodized aluminum oxide plate and white steel frame. The various structural forms shape the soft and rich interior space, and the landscape atrium where the roof space overlaps becomes a natural breathing apparatus in the site.

Plane Construction Positioning In terms of spatial layout, the entrance to the square separates the exhibition space on the west side and the sales space on the east side, while meeting the needs of the existing 7 major functional areas, namely the tourist distribution center, display space, ticket sales, merchandise sales, guide explanations and voice Explain rental, stroller and wheelchair rental, catering. Combined with the transparent effect of ultra-white glass, the boundary between indoor and outdoor of the building is eliminated, and the passenger flow can enter and exit in multiple directions.

Construction Design Maintaining the transparency and lightness of the building is one of the prerequisites for the visual naturalness of the building. Chengdu's huge dustfall and rainfall are the main obstacles. The glass roof was compared with a variety of transparent roofing materials for the comprehensive consideration of dust resistance, load, light transmission and energy saving. Finally, 30mm laminated glass was finally determined and treated with nano-self-cleaning treatment, which reduced the trouble of building envelope in the later period. Natural wood is the only low-carbon sustainable building material in nature. We use umbrellashaped Douglas fir columns to flow from bottom to top to generate roofs, maximizing the green sustainable performance of the building space. We cooperated with Suzhou Kunlun Green Construction to complete the calculation of the umbrella-shaped Douglas fir plywood structure, ensuring the structural form of the original design to the greatest extent. The pillar is a six-lobed bifurcated pillar with a maximum height of 1500mm, which shapes the tall structure of the wooden structure, ensuring the concept of light growth.

300mm

Anodized Aluminum

White GRC Concrete

300mm

350mm

300mm

350

200mm

White Steel Structure

Modern Glulam Wood Structure

Sectional P

Maintaining the transparency and lightness of the building is one of the prer and rainfall are the main obstacles. The glass roof was compared with a varie dust resistance, load, light transmission and energy saving. Finally, 30mm la treatment, which reduced the trouble o

Perspective

requisites for the visual naturalness of the building. Chengdu's huge dustfall ety of transparent roofing materials for the comprehensive consideration of aminated glass was finally determined and treated with nano-self-cleaning of building envelope in the later period.

' Growing Umbrella Forest ' The building not only breaks the boundaries between indoor and outdoor space, but also creates a light and agile interior space. The landscape atrium is set as a fixed node in the indoor open space, which makes the interior streamline meander and flow. The light structure makes the building hidden in the natural dense forest; the growth and change of the atrium landscape pull the time dimension into the building, motivating "Growing Umbrella Forest".

09 | NANCHANG XINLI CENTER Corporative Design Design Team: Yi Chen, Yang Zhan, Ben Liu, Junyan Shen, Zhiqiang Huang, Suyang Li, Xiaojiao Pan, Weifu Yuan, Xiuqian Jiang, Rujia Lin

Xinli Center is located in the core of Chaoyang New City, which is uniquely located. As one of Nanchang's emerging urban cores, Chaoyang New City has a wide network of transportation roads. Xinli Center is located at the Chaoyang Bridge bridgehead. It can easily reach the airport and the city center within a few minutes by car. The planned subway station is also very close to ensure smooth roads for business people. Making a big business sometimes requires more than just extraordinary strategies. A timely cup of coffee and an elegant business atmosphere may be of great help at critical moments. The 199-meter entrance to the Xinli Center building is highly arrogant to both sides of the Qianjiang River and deserves to become the commanding height of Chaoyang New City. In the future, many domestic and foreign brand companies and wellfunded owners will gather here. At that time, Xinli Century Center will not only top the building in Chaoyang New City, but will also win in the future business model of Hongcheng with the temperament of wealth.

10 | WUHAN HANZHENG PLAZA Corporative Design Design Team: Yi Chen, Ben Liu, Zhiqiang Huang, Rujia Lin, Liuyi Li

Wuhan Hanzheng Plaza Project is located in the center of Wuhan Hanzheng Street, which is known as the "First Street in the World", namely Lijin South Road in the west. It is connected to Sanshu Street in the north, Xiangli in the east, and Hanzheng Street in the south. The total planned construction area of the project is 150,000 square meters, 110,000 square meters above ground and 40,000 square meters underground. The project is a commercial-residential complex project with a market of nearly 70,000 square meters and a residence of about 50,000 square meters. The project is fully equipped with 660 parking spaces and 10,000 square meters of comprehensive support; The density of commerce and trade is relatively high, with about 2,000 merchants operating in the professional market. Hanzheng Plaza is one of the only new professional markets on Hanzheng Street in 2015. The project is an old city reconstruction project and a Wuhan investment promotion project. It has been listed as a key construction project of Wuhan Municipal People's Government. Become a brand new landmark of Wuhan Hanzheng Street.

12 | FUJIAN JUNLINGTIANXI Corporative Design Design Team: Ben Liu, Zhiqiang Huang, Liuyi Li, Rujia Lin, Shuanghong He

Lianfa Junling Tianxi is located on Jiuhua Mid-level Mountain, the highest peak in Liyang's main urban area. It is surrounded by mature transportation network and commercial facilities. About 3,000 acres of Luxi Park are within easy reach, occupying the northern part of the city. Such a gifted resort, only the ultimate possession of scarce resources, is the greatest respect for nature. Lianfa Junling Tianxi takes the Jiuhua Mountain Ridge as the reference skyline. In terms of architectural pattern design, it pays special attention to the balcony and courtyard views. Everyone can have a panoramic view of the mountain.

13 | SHANGHAI TIANAN BUSINESS STREET Corporative Design Design Team: Yue Hou, Rujia Lin, De Zhang

The Tian'an Haoyuan Project is divided into two groups of Phase I and Phase II. At the junction of Baobao Road and the Outer Ring Road, combined with the Metro Line 9 station, a commercial group consisting of integrated shopping malls and several apartment hotels are set up. There will be a 50,000 square meters leisure commercial street in the center of Tianan Haoyuan Community. During the introduction of characteristic water features, it will form a characteristic commercial street that integrates cultural elements and living atmosphere. Configuration.

14 | XINGXING DELIVERY HOUSE Corporative Design Design Team: Yue Hou, Nishang Lian, Rujia Lin

In order to build the world's top giant panda culture and tourism brand, and conduct research on the protection and cultivation of the world's leading giant pandas and their associated animals, Chengdu will build a world-class "Panda Capital" around the expansion and expansion of the giant panda breeding and research base. The giant panda star production room is located in the base expansion area of the Beihu area. It is the core and key project of the entire "Panda Planet". The expansion area started in September 2019 and is expected to be completed by the end of 2020. At that time, the current panda breeding research base will carry out reconstruction projects. This project will be opened to the public as the only panda production room in the world, welcoming an estimated 14 million visitors from all over the world, and becoming a national cultural business card and an absolute landmark.

R U J I A L I N E-mail: arch.rujialin@gmail.com