Manurewa Green Plan by Lisa Qianhui Sang

MANUREWA GREEN PLAN

STUDIO 7 BY: Lisa Qianhui Sang, Taylor Supharada Boonchuen, Zoe Wood, Saja Rassam, Dhara Patel, Grant Hamblyn

INTRODUCTION - CONTEXT

AUCKLAND

MANUREW

Auckland Auckland is home to many cultures, the majority of inhabitants claim European - mainly British and / or Irish - descent, but much Māori, Pacific Islander and Asian communities exist as well. Auckland has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world and a higher proportion of people of Asian origin than the rest of New Zealand. Ethnic groups from all over the world have a presence in Auckland, making it by far the country’s most cosmopolitan city. Lifestyle of Auckland, influenced by the fact that while it is 70% in rural areas, 90% of Aucklanders live in urban areas - although most of these areas are the suburbs, rather than many. cities in Europe and Asia Auckland Domain is one of the park’s largest city of Auckland and have a good view of the Hauraki Gulf and Rangitoto Island. smaller park near the city center are Albert Park, Garden. Myers Park, Western Park and Victoria Park. While most volcanic cones in the Auckland Volcanic Field have been affected by quarrying, many of the remaining cones are now within parks, and retain a more natural character than the surrounding city. Walls and fortifications prehistoric history in several of these parks, including Mount Eden, North Head and Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill.

THE SOUTHERN INISITIVE

Other parks around the city are in Western Springs, which has a large park bordering MoTat museum and the Auckland Zoo. The Auckland Botanic Gardens are further south, in Manurewa. Most of the technical and trades workforce is based in the industrial zones of South Auckland, the largest commercial and industrial areas of Greater Auckland are in the southeast of Auckland City and the western parts. Most of the old town, bordering the Manukau Harbour and the Tamaki River estuary. (Reference: “Auckland.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 19 Mar. 2015. <http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Auckland>)

WA LOACL BOARD

Auckland's Vision - The World's Most Livable City A fair, safe and healthy Auckland

A green Auckland An Auckland of prosperity and opportunity

"To realise Auck our network of grow and impro

A well-connected and accessible Auckland A beautiful Auckland that is loved by its people A culturally rich and creative Auckland A MÄ ori identity that is Aucklandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s point of difference

Manurewa Local Board Plan Outcomes Spaces and places that people use and enjoy

lots of opportunities for sporting, leisure,creative and community activity at their doorstep.

Natural heritage and resources are preserved and nurtured for future generations

To enjoy attractive bush, stream and harbour environments that are healty and free from litter and pollution.

kland's vision to be the world's most liveable city, parks ad open spaces will need to continually ove."

-Auckland’s parks and open spaces in 2040

Treasure our parks and open spaces Enjoy our parks and open spaces Connect our parks and open spaces Utilise our parks and open spaces

• Local heritage sites are recognised and protect • Ensure there are places to gather, play and create that support people's needs • People are able to take part in a range of activities • The health of the Manukau Habour is improved • Our freshwater streams, bush areas and wildlife habitats are restored and protected • Reduce the amount of waste taken to landfill from Manurewa each year

INTRODUCTION

Manu _ (noun) bird, kite Rewa _ (verb) to float. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kites were flown to celebrate the start of the Maori New Year, as well as a means of communication. The name Manurewa preserves the time of when a kite broke loose at Onehunga and floated south to the place now known as Manurewa. "

LAYOUT

GOODWOOD HEIGHTS TOTARA HEIGHTS

WIRI

THE GARDENS

MANUREWA MANUREWA EAST CLENDON PARK

WEYMOUTH

WATTLE DOWNS

1:50,000

There are a number of distinct areas of Manurewa which are generally separated by a major road: the large 1970’s housing matrix in the central part of Manurewa is separated from the Wiri Industrial area by Browns Road. The Great South Road which runs through the town centre also separates central Manurewa from the heritage Hill Road area. This area is again separated by the Auckland Motorway which seems to separate Manurewa’s socio-economic classes. To the east of the motorway is the more affluent Goodwood Heights, Totara Heights and The Gardens, an area which is also much more ecologically rich that it’s western counterpart. Wattle Downs in the west however is a slightly more wealthy community than central Manurewa which is separated more geographically.

QuickStats about

Manurewa Local Board Area POPULATION AND DWELLINGS

Total population

82,242

6.5%

since 2006

Mäori population

19,131

3.3%

since 2006

Total dwellings

23,847 Age and sex of Māori

Age and sex of people

Age (years)

Age (years) 85+ 80–84 75–79 70–74 65–69 60–64 55–59 50–54 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 10–14 5–9 0–4

Male

85+ 80–84 75–79 70–74 65–69 60–64 55–59 50–54 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 10–14 5–9 0–4

Female

29.8

By employee count For year ended February 2013

2013 Census

Percent

20 Male

Female

15 10 5 0

21.8

Manufacturing Education and Wholesale trade Health care and Construction training social assistance Industry (ANZSIC06)

since 2006

Top five industries in Manurewa Local Board Area

Manurewa Local Board Area

3.9%

Percent

Median age (years)

How Manurewa Local Board Area compares with the national average Individuals

Households

Major ethnic groups

Percent born overseas

European

36.8%

74.0%

Mäori

25.3%

14.9%

Pacific peoples

33.0%

7.4%

Asian

20.3%

11.8%

Middle Eastern/ Latin American/ African

2.3%

1.2%

Other

0.7%

1.7%

This poster summarises results from 2013 Census QuickStats about a place. All results exclude responses that cannot be classified (eg ‘not stated’, ‘response unidentifiable’, ‘response outside scope’). The data has been randomly rounded to protect confidentiality.

35.4%

Percent of people with a formal qualification*

71.8%

Median income*

$24,700

25.2% 79.1% $28,500

*For people aged 15 years and over.

Source: Statistics New Zealand

Visit our website for more information

www.stats.govt.nz/2013Census

Percent of households that own their dwelling*

54.7%

64.8%

$280

Median weekly rent

$320

Percent of households with internet access

71.0%

*Or hold it in a family trust.

76.8%

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Manurewa communities value their environment and the local coastal and marine environment in particular. It is important that all our natural areas are protected and maintained so that future generations can appreciate them.â&#x20AC;&#x153;

ENVIRONMENT

EXISTING NATURE

1:50,000

Manurewa is part of the Manukau Ecological District. The original forest in this area included characteristic northern North Island lowland forest types which contain large numbers of taraire and puriri. The alluvial flats and terraces were originally covered with kahikatea swamp forest, but were drained and converted to farmland. Approximately 6% of what remains are in protected areas. Manurewa is highly modified, with large areas of urban settlement and only small scattered remnants of modified or regenerating forests of conifer and broadleaved species (especially puriri and taraire). The only large area of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;natural landscapeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; is actually the Manukau Harbour itself.

(Reference: Lindsay, H., Wild, C., Stacey, B. (2009) Auckland Protection Strategy. Nature Heritage Fund. Wellington)

HYDROLOGY

Streams and Rivers

1:50,000

Catchments Coastal Line

Manurewa has around 37 km of shoreline on Manukau Harbour. There are roughly around 22 km of mostly small rivers. The Waimahia Creek contains the lower reaches of the Puhinui Creek and headwaters of the Papakura Stream. There is a strong relationship between the health of rivers and the type of land cover in the surrounding catchment. Rivers that drain through forested catchments (particularly native forests) typically have excellent water quality and ecology, while rivers that drain from urban catchments typically have poor water quality and ecology. The health of Manurewaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rivers is considered to be impaired. Urban development has led to a high level of impervious surface in the area, which prevents rainfall from soaking into the ground. This has follow-on effects for rivers in the area leading to high water temperatures, changes to the natural flow patterns and increased pollution from contaminated stormwater.

SOIL TYPE

1:50,000

Manurewa, being part of the Auckland region is underlain by Waitemata geology on which ultic soils are dominant. They are soils which typically have low subsoil permeability, highly vulnerable to compaction, variation in permeability, and have relatively shallow rooting depths. There are also allophonic soils found in small areas (generally <1 ha), which generally occur on gently sloping or flat broad ridges. These soils have high permeability and moisture storage potential. The entire site is made up of the same soil type and a prosperous farming village with its natural resources, plentiful fishing waters and fertile soils. All of the soil is very fertile, however; Soil quality is not as good as the land area around Pukekohe. Overall, the type of soil in this region is ideal for future development and address. (Reference: Lewis, M.; Simcock, R.; Davidson, G.; Bull, L. (2010). Landscape and Ecology Values within Stormwater Management. Prepared by Boffa Miskell for Auckland Regional Council. Auckland Regional Council Technical Report TR2009/083)

LAND USE CAPABILITY

1:50,000

Mapping area of vegetation heightened the lack of connectivity and patches within the site. There is a lot of built up area (town). Through the development of Manurewa there is potential to vegetate the land and increase the biodiversity.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;We plan to have a public transport system t h a t i s s a f e , re l i a b l e and affordable, with roads that are free of congestion and good networks of footpaths and cycle-ways.â&#x20AC;?

TRANSPORT

Main Roads

1:50,000

Motorway Railway

Manurewa has some of the busiest roads in Auckland. The Southern Motorway (State Highway 1) runs through the outskirts of Manerewa as well as the Great South Road which runs through the centre the train station also runs through the centre. The local board aims to encourage public transport by improving connectivity and the transport facilities. There is also focus on improving the connectivity of paths and cycleways around Manurewa including the foreshore. Planning is underway to improve traffic congestion in certain areas and addressing the problem of heavy vehicles on suburban roads.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Manurewa has a vast amount of important European and Maori history War Memorial Park, Botanical Gardens, Korero o Nehera Maori Marae, St Lukeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s memorial trees, and Nathan Homestead are just some of the important historical places still available to visit today in Manurewa.â&#x20AC;?

HISTORY

MANUREWA 1959

This 1959 Map of Manurewa shows the large amount of open green space and farmland (coloured in green) that Manurewa once was. There were very few residential houses in the area (highlighted in yellow).There are very few roads around this time and most were dirt and gravel.

MANUREWA 1996

Industrial Area Open Green Space and Parks Town Centre Residential Housing and Schools Railway Line Southern Motorway Weymouth Road

This 1996 map of Manurewa shows how much the green space has changed. There is a lot more residential housing and a large portion of the left side is industrial area like factories and warehouses (highlighted in purple).

MANUREWA 2015

Industrial Area Open Green Space and Parks Town Centres Residential Housing and Schools Existing greenspace being developed Railway Line Southern Motorway Weymouth Road

This 2015 map of Manurewa shows how little green space there is compared to 1959 and 2005.Most of the area is now housing and industrial areas.There is also a large patch of grassland near the edge of wattle downs which is currently being developed.

MANUREWA HISTORY In 1846 the land was a lot dfferent. Long plains of several square miles covered with grass and fern opened out beyond Otahuhu, stretching far out east to the back of the hills which bound the Tamaki, and sweeping westward round the base of Mangere Mountain and along the shores of the Manukau by Pukaki (near Auckland Airport), until it meets the Papakura Ranges. Cashmore, Clendon, Fairburn and Martin are the names of four prominent Pakeha settlers in the very early days of Pakeha settlement in Manurewa. However, Maori were here long before Pakeha arrived, and so gave the district its name. In 1859 the five Martin brothers bought most of Manurewa at one pound per acre. Their property was bounded by Oram’s and Brown’s Roads, the Manukau Harbour, Weymouth and Alfriston Roads, Claude Rd, Hill Rd, Grande Vue Rd, Lawrence Crescent and David Ave. From 1862 to 1863 roads were dug through thick bush and mileposts were placed along the road from Penrose to Drury to tell cart drivers how far they had travelled. One of the original mileposts is at the front of 88 Great South Rd in Manurewa. Roads stretched out over the Bombay Hills, and on to Pokeno, to the borders of ‘Maori country’ which then led to an invasion of the Waikato. In 1874, Manurewa had eleven houses and four mud huts and until the mid-1870s Manurewa was very small. Wiri (then called Woodside) was growing much faster as it was the half-way stopping point for coaches travelling from Otahuhu to Drury. The first school in the district was built at Wiri, and in 1906 the building was relocated to Manurewa to become Manurewa Central School. By this time, Wiri had declined so that it was almost entirely farmland and remained this way until Manukau City Centre opened in the mid-1970s. What made Manurewa grow was the railway, which reached Manurewa in 1875. As the railway progressed south, stations were built at roughly two kilometre intervals, the Manurewa station had an advantage in that it was also close to road transport on the Great South Rd. By 1879 Manurewa’s population was 81 and then 200 in 1890. In 1916 Manurewa became a Town District, in 1937 a Borough with its own mayor, and in 1965 a ward of Manukau City. It was the change to Borough in 1937 that started the change of Manurewa from a mainly rural area with small farms to a mainly urban area with houses on quarter acre sections. Roads to and around Manurewa improved from the 1920s. The Great South Rd was sealed by 1929 and bus services which were added to the railway made it much easier to travel to and from Manurewa. It became what was know as a ‘dormitory suburb’, because most who lived there just slept there and went to work somewhere else (such as Penrose or Otahuhu). There were few jobs in Manurewa until the 1950s. A big change came with the increase in private car ownership after World War II and the building of the motorway. In 1956 the section of motorway between Mt Wellington and Redoubt Rd was opened. Travel was slow through Papakura and Manurewa until the faster motorway which at that time went only as far as Penrose. Manurewa’s population was 40,000 in 1980, 50,000 in 1991, at the 1996 survey 57,451, and in 2005 it was 68,000. That makes Manurewa about the same size as Rotorua.

GREEN SPACE & OPEN SPACE

OPEN SPACE ZONING MAP DISTRICT PLAN

Public open space 1: heritage Scenic, scientific or historic reserve to protect natural and cultural heritage resources. The landscape, archaeology, geology and ecosystems are protected and any structures or activities that may cause damage are prevented. Public Open Space 2: Passive Outdoor Informal Recreation Protected for recreation and contribute to the greening and beautifying of the urban environment includes Neighbourhood reserves. Facilities limited to accessory buildings or structures and small community buildings. Public Open Space Zone 3: Active Outdoor Recreation/ Organised Sports areas for active outdoor recreation and organised sports and, includes stands, clubrooms, Public address systems and floodlighting. Also allows for informal recreation and leisure activities

Public Open Space Zone 4: Community Purpose Buildings and Indoor Recreation Facilities zone for community buildings and indoor recreation facilities, for local, regional or national events. this zone is close to public transport, road frontage, business areas and other community buildings to enhance use. can accommodate facilities such as: preschool, marae, community houses, halls, scout dens and guide halls, swimming pools, recreation centres, arts and cultural centres.

Heritage Passive Outdooe Informal Recreation Active OutdooeRecreation/ Organised Sprots Community Building/Indoor Educational

OPEN SPACE AREA ANALYSIS DISTRICT PLAN Auckland Design Manual's classification

TRANSECT RESIDENTAL vs GREEN SPACE

Manurewa

Mountfort Park

Waimahia creek Wattle downs

The Gardens

Botanical Gardens

South Motorway

Totara Park

INFORMAL RECREATIONAL 2780007 INFORMAL RECREATIONAL 2780007

ISSUES

ECOLOGICAL 21 ECOLOGICAL 21

HISTORIC 3 HISTORIC 3

VOLUM THE GREEN SPACE VOLUM THE GREEN SPACE

16.4%

SPORT & ACTIV SPORT & ACTI

Manurewa is 3696.9h and 16.4% (609.9h) Land is Green/Open Space, and

Each Person Has...

33.8 m2 Informal Recreation

74.2m2 Green space

Includes 14.3 m2

Sport & Active

10.5 m2

Ecological

The population of Manurewa was 82,242 in the 2013 census. This means that there is a ratio of about 34 m2 of informal recreational space available per person and about 14 m2 of sport and active space per person. A main ecological and socio-economical division of Manurewa can be seen in the physical division line created by the Auckland Motorway. In Manurewa, the majority of ecological space is focused near the borders of the Manurewa Local Board boundary. That is, Puhinui Stream to the north, Totara Park to the east and the Manukau Harbour coastline to the south and east. These areas are also areas of higher quality housing. Sports field and small low quality pocket parks predominate in the central parts of Manurewa. A main ecological and socio-economical division of Manurewa can be seen in the physical division line created by the State Highway 1.

806,980 m2 1,973,027 m2 Informal Recreation

1,109,043 m2 70,988 m2 Sport & Active

0 m2

861,316 m2

Ecological

East of State Highway 1 To the east of the Auckland Motorway, in addition to Totara Park, there are a number of ecological areas and other pocket parks This area is both richer in ecology and economic status when compared to the part of Manurewa west of the motorway. Next to the motorway is also the Auckland Botanic Gardens, which adds to the ecological spaces. This is categorised as a designated area similar to school catergory in the council plan. It is catergorised as educational on the map. Randwick Park area is an exception to this general trend seen to the east of the motorway, as it is more similar to the central park of Manurewa â&#x20AC;&#x201C; lower socio economic class and lower quality open space. West of State Highway 1 West of the motorway is people of lower socio economic class and the quality of open space is much lower and of a different nature. It is made up mostly of small pocket parks and sports fields. An exception to this is the Hill Road heritage area, close to the motorway and also close to the more affluent eastern side. It has similar high qualtiy ecological areas and higher socio-economic class of people living there. On the coastal edges, the green space it is of a higher quality than central Manurewa. There are parts of Weymouth and Wattle Downs that have newer and higher quality residential areas. The more significant green space around the coastal edges and at Wattle Farm Pondâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Reserve are also the areas where there are more higher quality homes. Coastal open space which is similar to informal recreation is catergorised as Landscape on map. The majority of central Manurewa is quite poor in comparison to the surrounding areas and has only small, low quality pocket parks scattered around the residential area, but has a much higher concentration of sports fields, including the large Mountfort Park.

ISSUES

Number of Manurewa Open space/Gree

NUMBER OF THE GREEN SPACE

14.1

45.6

1.4

5.6

10.4

19.3

3.4

— Totara Park =

Ecological Historic Informal Recreational Landscape Sport &Actives Community Educational

861,316 88,015 2,780,007 342,485 1,180,031 210,140 637,363 (m2)

Percentage of Area of Manurewa Open space/Green Space (%)

VOLUM THE GREEN SPACE

INFORMAL RECREATIONAL 79 SPORT & ACTIVE 12 COMMUNITY 7

INFORMAL RECREATIONAL 2780007

HISTORIC 88015

ECOLOGICAL 861316

LANDSCAPE 342485 HISTORIC 88015

COMMUNITY 210140

LANDSCAPE 342485

EDUCATIONAL 637363

COMMUNITY 210140

SPORT &637363 ACTIVE 1180031 EDUCATIONAL

LANDSCAPE 3

SPORT & ACTIVE 1180031 LANDSCAPE 3

VOLUM THE GREEN S

en Space

VOLUM THE GREEN SPACE

14.1 1.4

5.6

3.4

14.0

19.3

10.4

Percentage of Area of Manurewa Open space/Green Space exclued Totara Garden (%)

Ecological Historic Informal Recreational Landscape Sport &Actives Community Educational

861,316 88,015 856,428 342,485 1,180,031 210,140 637,363 (m2)

LANDSC SPORT &

A large part of the informal recreational space is provided by Totara Park. This provides the residents of Manurewa 24 m2 of open space per person. However this is localised on the eastern edge of Manurewa, which is ideal for the residents of Goodwood Heights, Totara Heights and The Gardens. This is high quality open space which includes ecological space, as well as area for sport.

EDUC

INFORM

ECOLO

COMM

“Art gallery for our young people, maybe a music and dance studio” “Parks designed by youth”

“Help the env to be the bes world” “Activity centre like a game zone for the kids”

“Our dream is to see the stream restored and to become a place where native birds will live and people can enjoy native trees”

“Preserve bu and parks – n for infill housi “Outdoor gym and exercise equipment”

“Clean lakes and streams”

vironment st in the

ush reserves not to be used ingâ&#x20AC;?

GREEN SPACE OPPORTUNITIES

Informal Recreation

Part of Puhinui Creek goes through the industrial area, very poor maintenance and polluted.

Other areas of informal rec consisting of an open grass facilities such as a playgrou attractive areas to enjoy any for residents living some dis quite isolated and surrounde and it is difficult to think that

may be opportunities to link from this, they seem just em

Internal Puhinui Creek reserve hiding in residential area with nice environment and management, could connect to the surrounding Puhinui Creek for greenway towards to Totara Garden.

The most significant areas of informal recreation space are in Totoara Park and the large areas reserved around the coastal edges of the Manakau Harbour which have pathways, open grass areas and areas of native bush.

creation are much smaller parks and are mainly in and around central Manurewa, s area of about 5,000m2 to 15,000m2, with a few trees. Some of these parks have und and usually have at least two entry/exit points. Generally they are not particularly y sense of recreation and have little to offer. There seems to be little availability or access stance away from the park and a poor link to any ecological processes. Each park is ed by housing sometimes in quite an intimidating way. They seem shabby and uninviting anyone would make use of them, except perhaps the ones with a playground.

k these green spaces and allow them to become more inviting and better used. Apart mpty, unused and poorly maintained green space.

Sport & Active Recreation

The largest of which is Mountfort Park near the centre of Manurewa, being much larger than the other parks also includes some more ecologically friendly areas.

There is a considerable amount of area zoned for sports and active recreation in Manurewa. Totara Park makes up the largest part of Informal Recreation Space and when this is removed, Active Recreation and Sports zoning accounts for the majority of green space use in Manurewa. Sports parks are predominately in the central and western areas of Manurewa. Much less space is reserved for sports in the east. A greater amount of council time and money is probably spent maintaining and improving these areas when compared to the informal recreation areas. However this may reflect Manurewa as being a predominately sports orientated community. Where these parks are located in Manurewa also reflects the socio-economic class of the neighbouring areas. In the higher socio-economic areas there is a predominance of reserves and heritage zones, whereas in the lower socio-economic areas there is instead a greater area designated for sports.

In some ways these sports parks are the same as the small informal recreation parks only they are larger, more accessible by being next to main roads and have bigger and more complex facilities.

Ecological

The small neighbourhood to the north east of Wiri Industrial affords some good connecting green spaces and ecology especially along Puhinui Stream for the local residents there. The small pocket parks around central Manurewa tend to have poor facilities and tend have little connection and utilisation to the surrounding community.

The Auckland Botanic Gardens, Totara Park and the bush remnants around Hill Park are valuable natural heritage resources. Other sports and neighbourhood parks also support the environment of Manurewa. The freshwater streams Puhinui, Waimahia and Papakura also have a significant role in Manurewaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s environment. Over the next three years, the local board aims to improve the health of the Manukau Harbour and restore and protect the freshwater streams, bush areas and wildlife habitats. (Reference: Manurewa Local Board Plan 2014)

Ecological and open green space to the east of the motorway is more accessible and there is greater awareness of it. Green space in the majority of the east is smaller, of lower quality and with less presentation of this space. Coastal edges are not so accesible because they are not readily visible.

Landscape (Coastal Walkway)

The coastal walkway and cycleway is planned to be extended and connected to the road cycleways. The access to the coast needs improving, to allow better connection from the centre of Manurewa.

History

The history has perhaps not been well identified or respected in Manurewa. One example is the War Memorial Park being considered and used as a sports field more than a place of memory. The council aims to improve the heritage of Manurewa by working with mana whenua and local heritage people to identify buildings, structures and places of importance. The council will then make plans to save and restore these. It is possible to create a heritage tour map of Manurewa in response to this development.

ensure Nathan Homestead is important local landmark and building is maintained as a heritage asset while continuing to serve as a venue for community arts programmes. Options are still being considered, but it's likely the board will want to invest in changes to secure a bright future for Nathan Homestead

Community

To the east there is not much space for sport, it is concetrated mainly to the west, especially the central area. Overall there is a large amount of sporting space in Manurewa available. The council has plans to upgrade certain parks as well as continuing development already occuring in Mountfort Park.

The council has assured that Nathan Homestrad is to be maintained as a heritage asset and venue for community arts programmes. The council also has plans for a new performance arts centre to be built. At this stage a suitable location is being investigated. Auckland Botanical Gardens is also a unique focal point for Manurewa.

There are considerable opportunities for sporting, leisure, creative and community activity in Manurewa.

References Auckland Design Manual, Auckland Council Auckland Plan, Auckland Council Freshwater Report Card Manurewa-Papakura Reprting Area (2013), Auckland Council manurewa local board plan (2014), Auckland Council parks and open spaces strategic action plan (2013), Auckland Council