Art Exploration
Name____________________________Block____
IllumInated InItIals PROJeCt What Is an Illuminated Manuscript?
Illuminated manuscripts are books written by hand and painted with precious pigments. Manuscripts contain most of the finest surviving examples of medieval painting. The word manuscript is derived from the Latin words manus (hand) and scriptus, from the verb scribere (to write). Today the term is used to describe any handwritten text. The word illumination comes from the Latin verb illuminare (to light up), which, in this context, describes the glow created by the radiant colors of the illustrations, especially gold and silver. Illumination took the form of decorated letters, borders and independent painted scenes, called miniatures. The making of illuminated manuscripts continued strong until the 1450s, when a German man named Johannes Gutenberg invented movable type and the printing press, making mass production of books possible.
Illuminated Initial
In manuscript illumination, a highly ornamented letter, usually the first letter of a word.
Who made Illuminated Manuscripts?
In early medieval times, monks were the sole makers of illuminated manuscripts. Before universities existed, monasteries were the central places for learning. Monks copied books mainly for use in worship. However, rulers and high-ranking churchmen commissioned books from monasteries, including historical records and Greek and Roman literature. To make a new manuscript, a monk had to obtain a book to copy. He might travel quite a distance to borrow one from another monastery, and even stay there to do his copying. Scribes worked in a writing room called a scriptorium. Sometimes the same person was both scribe and illustrator, but not necessarily. One monk might do the writing, and another the illuminating. After the twelfth century, monks were no longer the only scribes. The rise of universities and the middle class created a demand for books, and book production became a way to make money. Making illuminated manuscripts became a business conducted in cities. A person who wanted a book would order it through a bookseller, who hired scribes and illuminators to do the work.
Your assignment: Invent a creative illumination of your own initials (one or both). You will need to do a minimum of four thumbnail sketches that try out different ideas and a 9” x 12” enlargement of your best design before starting your final. Your final illumination will be on 9” x12” paper and should include:
1. Your Name Initial - Initials were enlarged decorated letters that were often found at the beginning of a section of text to introduce it. Think of an unusual way to depict your initials.
2.
3 Symbols - Miniatures were stand-alone illustrations that were not part of a scheme or initial. These should symbolize things about you. You will need a minimum of three symbols. Avoid doing the obvious. Think of creative ways to draw your symbols that no one else in the class will have.
3. Border - a group of images and illustrations that decorated the edges of a page. Historically hey were often filled with plants, animals, etc…Your border should relate to the rest of your illumination. It can be a traditional border or untraditional.
4. A Color Harmony- Your design will be outlined in thin black marker and filled with color. Choose one of the following color harmonies for your painting: •
Analagous- Any four colors that are directly next to each other on the color wheel (ex: red-orange, orange, yellow-orange, yellow)
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Triadic- three colors that are equidistant on the color wheel (ex: Orange, Green, violet) Split Complementary- One color plus the color on either side of its complement (ex: blue, redorange, yellow-orange) Double Complimentary- The four colors on either side of a pair of complements (If yellow and purple were the complements, the color harmony would include yellow-orange, yellow-green, redviolet and blue-violet.)
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Examples of modern designs: