The Phenomenon of Lack: Being, Man and Community. A Synthesis of an Interdisciplinary Inquiry

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and with others opens up. Psychology views community as an innate human characteristic. The sense of community, which has From the anthropological been mentioned as one of the social needs, is innate (a lone human point of view, reciprocity and being cannot survive). People feel exchange are a response to wholesome and happy when they ontological lack. successfully cooperate with others in achieving the objectives of one’s own or of the society (Laurinavičius and Rekašiūtė-Balsienė 2016: 284).

Postulating natural human sociability, anthropology also demonstrates lack in all spheres of life: From the anthropological point of view, reciprocity and exchange are a response to ontological lack. Having experienced social isolation, a human being is afflicted by psychological and mental suffering. Having lost contact with their social environment people often lose their mental health or dehumanize, i.e., fall back into a primordial state of chaos, which in its essence is in opposite to what a human being is (Ma­ tulevičius, 2016: 238).

Human interdependence and the desire for relationship do not deny autonomy because the real craving for relationship is a desire to know the other as a free, independent “world.” By relating to others people enrich themselves and alleviate personal lacking. Enslaving others does not involve self-development. It only aggravates imperfection, loneliness and meaninglessness, rather than reducing them. 1.5. Positive aspects of lack A lack of a coherent philosophy of lack may explain its negative perception in the social sciences. The understanding of lack as a primordial principle enables a methodological breakthrough and the definition of its positive aspects.

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