PRACTICE & THEORY CARDS Connecting and training participation experts in Europe
THIS COLLECTION OF PRACTICES & THEORIES RELATED TO PARTICIPATION & PUBLIC SPACES MIGHT BE A SOURCE OF INSPIRATION FOR YOU.
CONTENT
Local Squares is a EU funded Partnership of
Practices
Theories
Organizations
Popular Assemblies
Roles of citizens in urban
BRAL
Collaborative Maps
development
Cascoland
Europe. The overall objective of this two-year
Jane‘s Walk
Jan Gehl
Recetas Urbanas
project is the training of urban planners that
Autobarrios
Jane Jacobs
Open Space
David Harvey
World Café
Henri Lefebvre
seven urban development organizations in
aims at identifying and experiencing participatory approaches in local urban
Graphic Facilitation
contexts. The training focused on strategies
Design Thinking
and approaches to involve a broader
Democratic Walk Speed Dating Wisdom Council
spectrum of stakeholders in the management of public spaces. This collection of good
Dérive Walk
practices and theories is part of a toolkit that
Oasis Game
was produced during the partnership. It should
Collective Online Database Urban Rights Community Cooking Community Agenda Placemaking
provide a source of inspiration for people working in the field of participation and public spaces.
FOR US ALL „...in order to do something
big, to think globally and act globally, one starts with something small and one starts where it counts. Practice, then, is about making the ordinary special and the special more widely accessible – expanding the boundaries of understanding and possibility with vision and common sense. It is about building densely interconnected networks, crafting linkages between unlikely partners and organisations, and making plans without the usual preponderance of planning. It is about getting it right for now and at the same time being tactical and strategic about later. This is not about forecasting, nor about making decisions about the future. But it is about the long range, about making sure that one plus one equals two or three, about being politically connected and grounded, and about disturbing the order of things in the interest of change.“ Naabel Hamdi: Small Change. About the Art of Practice and the Limits of Planning in Cities.
practice
POPULAR ASSEMBLIES
// practice
Individual intelligence at the service of the common good, creating from the difference.
A popular assembly is a gathering called to address issues of importance to participants. Assemblies tend to be freely open to participation and operate by direct democracy. The term is often used to describe gatherings that address, what participants feel are, the effects of a democratic deficit in representative democratic systems.
Examples
PRINCIPLES
ABOUT
Consensus
Rotatory charges
Horizontal organization
Turns to speak
Patience and respect
Positive language
• •
European Assembly of Climate Justice (2010) 15M movement assemblies (2011-present)
Literature
Further details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_assembly
Quick guide for the dynamization of popular assemblies [ESP] http://bookcamping.cc/referencia/2305-guia-rapida-para
COLLABORATIVE MAPS
// practice
Collaborative maps allow corollary, diverse, and even contradictory narratives about a physical environment.
ABOUT Collaborative Maps are made by wide audience working in direct collaboration. The purpose of these maps is to collect people’s knowledge through a very simple interface.
QUALITIES Multiple visions Participatory representation of the reality Collective history
A collaborative map Photo: analogueartmap.blogspot.com.es
Literature Discovering Collaborative Mapping http://en.flossmanuals.net/openstreetmap/
Further details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_mapping
JANE’S WALK
// practice
Leaders of Jane’s Walk guide the conversation with compelling insights and encourage participants in Jane’s Walk to get involved and share their own opinions and observations.
ABOUT Jane’s Walk is a series of neighbourhood walking tours. Named after urban activist and writer Jane Jacobs, Jane's Walks are led by volunteers, and are offered for free. The walks are led by anyone who has an interest in the neighbourhoods where they live, work or hang out.
QUALITIES
CONTEXT
Demanding your rights
Participation processes
participate in meaningful
Expressing your needs and
conversations about the
interests
social and built future of
Potentially: resistance /
their neighbourhoods.
protest and consent / participation
People who want to
Planners and neighbours (e.g. neighbourhood management)
Literature
Further details: http://www.janeswalk.org/
Walk Guide Tips http://www.janeswalk.org/information/resources/walk-guide-tips/
AUTOBARRIOS SELF-MADE NEIGBOURHOODS
// practice
The collective construction of an urban imaginaire as a tool for empowering the community as a creative body. ABOUT
CONTEXT
QUALITIES
Self-made neighborhoods help
Applied creativity
to create an inititative for urban
Evaluation and upcycling of
Co-creating urban places.
local resources
Facilitators
the collective construction of an
Networking
External artists & creators
urban imaginaire as a tool for
Empowering people
Community
Social & local partners
community development: it uses
empowering the community as a
// Basurama & Sarah Fernández Deutch Autobarrios SanCristóbal Photo: Basurama
creative body.
Literature RUS (Urban Solid Waste) [ESP] Basurama.org/RUS
Further details: http://basurama.org/en/projects/autobarrios-self-made-neighborhoods
OPEN SPACE
// practice
Open Space works because it harnesses and acknowledges the power of self-organization. ABOUT
SETTING
PRINCIPLES
Open Space Technology is a simple but powerful approach to exchange, learn and develop ideas within a big group of people.
It runs on two fundamentals: the passion and responsibility of the participants. There’s one leading question to which the participants are invited to bring their own topics on the agenda and to start a self-organised working process.
Whoever it is that comes, they are the right people Whatever happens is the only thing that could have. Whenever it starts is the right time. Whenever it’s over it’s over You are allowed to leave a session in order to find another in which you can contribute or learn more (the law of the two feet)
Sponsor
Facilitator
Participants
Different places / rooms
A session developed through the OST methodology Photo: Interactive Workshop for Europe
Literature Further details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Space_Technology
Owen, H. (2008): Open Space Technology. A User’s Guide.(3rd Edition).Berrett-Koehler Publishers, San Francisco.
WORLD CAFÉ // practice
Conversation as a core process to cultivate collective intelligence.
ABOUT
People are invited to discuss preset topics around different tables by following simple rules After a fixed time all the participants are invited to switch tables and to look for another one they are interested in and they would like to contribute to. Each table is hosted by a person that at the end reports in plenary about the key outcomes of the table discussions.
PURPOSE
QUALITIES
Collective knowledge
Brainstorming
Collaborative inquiry
Civic dialogue
20 – 200 or more people
The World Café is a structured conversational process in which groups of people discuss a topic at several tables, with individuals switching tables periodically and getting introduced to the previous discussion at their new table by a "table host“. It is especially useful if you want to involve more than 50 people discussing burning questions on a certain topic. World Café principles Photo: http://www.theworldcafe.com
Literature
Further details: http://www.theworldcafe.com/
World Café Toolkit http://www.theworldcafe.com/tools.html
GRAPHIC FACILITATION
// practice
Translating words into drawings: a supportive tool for simplifying complexity and creating common understanding in a group conversation
ABOUT Graphic Facilitation is a method that aims at creating a conceptual map of a conversation happening in a group. The Graphic Facilitator is the visual - usually silent - partner to the traditional, verbal facilitator by drawing a large scale image in front of the group.
PRINCIPLES • A shared picture supports group learning • Draw just the essential, be simple! • Use images to support people to connect immediately with a complex concept
ROLES • Graphic Facilitator (silent) • Verbal Facilitator (in contact with the group) • Participants
• Be colourful! Colours bring lightness in the room.
Literature Agerbeck B. (2012): The Graphic Facilitator's Guide: How
Further details: www.localsquares.eu
to use your listening, thinking and drawing skills to make meaning.
DESIGN THINKING
// practice
Developing quick prototypes for user-oriented solutions, with team players of different backgrounds
SETTING
ABOUT
PRINCIPLES
Design Thinking is an innovative, user-oriented approach. It brings together interdisciplinary teams, which work on a concrete challenge. A design thinking process goes through six stages: understand, observe, define, ideate, prototype, test. Within these six steps, problems can be framed, the right questions can be asked, more ideas can be created, and the best answers can be chosen. The steps are not linear; they can occur simultaneously and can be repeated.
• Work with interdisciplinary teams • One conversation at a time • Generate as many ideas as possible, go for quantity • Encourage wild ideas • Build on the ideas of others • Defer judgement • Stay on time • Be visual • Stay on topic • Prototype early • Fail early, fail often
• Interdisciplinary teams (max 45 people per group) • Team facilitator • Time keeper
• Users
Literature Tim Brown (2009): Change by Design: How Design Thinking tranforms organisations and Inspires Innovation.
Further details: www.localsquares.eu
DEMOCRATIC WALK
// practice
The „Democratic Walk“ as a tool means drifting
through
the
city
by
making
cards that help to agree and decide in the
During the Democratic Walk the group is asked to focus on the following questions:
group where to go. Each participant gets
•
democratic decisions with green and red
one green and one red card (green for
Which criteria or aspects lead us to a decision?
turning right and red for turning left) which
•
are held in the air so that everybody could see who wants to go right or left at a crossroad. By doing a Democratic Walk we train our own comprehension of democratic decision-making.
Further details: www.localsquares.eu
How long do decisions take?
•
What do we have to discuss during the decision-making process?
•
Does someone lead the decisions?
# drifting though the city as group # making democratic decisions
SPEED DATING
// practice
To get in contact with several people in a short time slot PlanSinn uses the method Speed Dating. It gives space for exchanging experiences with different people in the field. You invite several experts hosting one table. The participants split up in groups whereas each invited expert hosted one table for exactly ten minutes to introduce their own work, experiences and insights. After ten minutes the participants change the tables. After all sessions the facilitator asks the hosts for the highlights of the discussions.
Further details: www.plansinn.at
1 Create the setting: topic experts place
4 Let‘s date
2 Invite the experts: Explain the process/maethod Ask them to bring an item fitting to their work!
3 Invite participants
WISDOM COUNCIL
// practice
Wisdom Council
Citizen Café
A wisdom council is a consultative participation method where people get randomly selected out of the population register to discuss for 1 ½ days mainly questions of local and regional development.
Responder Group
Report/Documentation
WISDOM COUNCIL: 12-17 randomly selected people out of the population register; invited for 1 ½ days to discuss questions of local and regional development; moderated with Dynamic Facilitation (www.dynamicfacilitation.com )
Political Committees CITIZEN CAFÈ: Two weeks after the wisdom council the participants present the results of the process in public to interested people, the administration and policy makers; similar to the World-Café design.
RESPONDER GROUP: workshop on the results; moderated with Dynamic Facilitation; politicians, administrative authorities, as well as concerned people (the participants differ from topic to topic). Political committees: the results will be discussed in the responsible political committees. Public Statement
Further details: www.vorarlberg.at/zukunft
DÉRIVE WALK
// practice
Laboratoire dérive arises from the way people during the “Situationistischen Internationalen” worked. The theories of Guy Debords as well as the ideas of psychogeography are connected to dérive walks. “Psychogeography is the study of the effects of geographical setting, consciously managed or not, acting directly on the mood and behaviour of the individual. Psychogeography research is carried through non-scientific methods such as the dérive – aimless drifting through the city, trying to record the emotions given by a particular place.”
Create research/walking groups
Share your research results
Document what you see, feel, hear, smell, etc.
Decide your path by chance and dive into the Psychogeography*
Further details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9rive
Psychogeography is the study of the effects of geographical setting, consciously managed or not, acting directly on the mood and behaviour of the individual. Psychogeography research is carried through non-scientific methods such as the dérive – aimless drifting through the city, trying to record the emotions given by a particular place:
OASIS GAME
// practice
The Oasis Game has a social effect (empowerment, stronger sense of community) and a physical result (dream is materialized during the process) and is realized in a very short time.
ABOUT The Oasis Game is a three to six or more day event that invites a community to project and build in a cooperative way a challenging project chosen by the members of the community to suit their needs. Projects can range from a square, a park, a kindergarten to a cultural center. The game considers a broad definition of the community and involves representatives from different sectors of the society – NGO’s, Government as well as community members from other parts of the city.
QUALITIES
Learning to see abundance
Fostering kindness
Valuing the dreams
Guaranteeing extraordinary results
Recognition and celebration
Evolve on the process, to propel new dreams
Oasis game process Photo: http://www.elosnederland.nl/
Further details: http://institutoelos.org/en/jogo-oasiswww.elosnederland.nl/
Literature ELOS pocket manual http://institutoelos.org/en/jogo-oasiswww.elosnederland.nl
COLLECTIVE ONLINE DATABASE
// practice
Collection of practices about urban informal/community/artistic planning and collaborative architecture, to be used as an inspirational tool to launch new similar projects
ABOUT The projects collected in the database suggest other ways of doing architecture as Cedric Price intended: one that moves sharply away from the figure of the architect as individual hero, and replaces it with a much more collaborative approach in which agents act with, and on behalf of, others. Examples: - Vivero iniciativas ciudadanas - Spatial Agency - Red de Arquitecturas colectivas
CONTEXT
PRINCIPLES
Critical attention is shifted
Useful collection of local
from architecture as a
artists to contact in case
matter of fact to
of need for support,
architecture as a matter
bottom-up initiatives, etc
of concern
projects
Celebration of the bravery, canniness and
Inspiration for new
Networking
optimism of an inspiring group of historical and contemporary figures
Further details: Spatial Agecy http://www.spatialagency.net/database/ Vivero Iniciativas map http://mapeo.la-mesa.org/iniciativas/ Arquitecturas colectivas network http://arquitecturascolectivas.net/la-red What if …? http://ecosistemaurbano.com/portfolio/what-if-cities-2/
Spatial Agency database Image: http://www.spatialagency.net/database/exyzt
Tips and manuals
Spatial Agency: Other Ways of Doing Architecture, Ed. Routledge, 2011, ISBN 0415571936
URBAN RIGHTS // practice Reflection on the « urban condition » and the rights that should define it
ABOUT Collaborative online project that seeks to be an urban infrastructure to build dialogue, to reach consensus on priorities for the definition of the « urban condition ». It takes as a reference the Universal Declaration fo Human Rights for collectively defining: - A right that should be protected - A right that should be conquered - A right that should be abolished
CONTEXT
PRINCIPLES
Analysing « trending rights »
A good help for launching a
by diagrams
collective reflection on
Generating a critical space
people’s needs for a better
of dialogue
urban life
We are all constructing the
General overview of human
city by thought, act or
behaviour in public space
omission
that it’s being limited by urban planning or security policies Image: http://declaracionderechosurbanos.com/
Tips and manuals STUDIO magazine n°1, RRC Studioarchitects Further details: http://declaracionderechosurbanos.com/
ISSUU eme3 festival in Barcelona catalog
COMMUNITY COOKING / EATING
// practice
Gathering for pic-nics, breakfasts and cooking in the street
ABOUT Sharing free home-made or onsite food is a relaxed way of occupying public space in a collective experience. Often it follows the snowball principle: the attendants must organize a new event in the following month. The aesthetics of the event must be recognizable but attractive so that new people feel free to join in. The process and the event must be documented: videos, photos, audio tracks, written testimonials…
EXAMPLES
PRINCIPLES
Free shared food
Unfolding furniture in streets and squares
Permanent breakfast, Vienna
Desayuno con viandantes, Valencia
Cooking in houses then sharing in the street or
Mobile kitchens
cooking in the street
Pain publik, Recyclart, Brussels
Opportunity to dream new public spaces
Bouillon Malibran, Brussels Desayuno con Viandantes in Brussels organized by one of its members. Photo: Cristina Braschi
Tips and manuals
Encajes Urbanos. ‘Azoteas Colectivas: Reactivado espacios en desuso’, PAISEA magazine, June 2013 Further details: http://www.desayunoconviandantes.org/ http://www.permanentbreakfast.org/?lang=fr http://www.straschnow.com/projects/mobile-kitchen/ http://www.recyclart.be/fr/agenda/pain-publik
Desayuno con Viandantes, Encajes Urbanos, Sostre, LaMinúscula, et al. ‘Encuentro Comboi a la fresca’, en NUEVOS FORMATOS. Arquia/Próxima 2012. Ed. Fundación Caja de Arquitectos, Barcelona, 2012. ISBN: 978-84-939409-8-0
COMMUNITY AGENDA
// practice
Instead of handing citizens a finished square, they will be able to participate in a collective brainstorming process that will determine its new configuration
ABOUT Series of activities to engage neighbours of a specific site in the co-definition of the needs for the space. It’s about creating a process for participatory thinking between dwellers and planners, instead of arriving to the context with a final project nobody can change anymore.
EXAMPLES
PRINCIPLES
Onsite physical laboratory
Dreamhamar from Ecosistema Urbano
for workshops, lectures and exhibitions
It’s necessary to have a local contact to reach all
Kolenkit project from Cascoland
the dwellers and invite them to participate
The agenda is adapted to the season, weather other events…
Dreamhamar activities https://www.flickr.com/photos/dreamhamar/sets
Tips and manuals Dreamhamar book, Madrid-Sevilla, ed. Lugadero, 2014 Further details: http://www.dreamhamar.org/category/blog/ Cascoland http://www.cascoland.com/2009/index2.php?cat=50&casco_cat=projects&expandable=0
ISSUU Future Hamar book, http://issuu.com/noawork/docs/future_hamar
PLACEMAKING // practices
Placemaking is both an overarching idea and a hands-on tool for improving a neighborhood, city or region
ABOUT Rooted in community-based participation, Placemaking involves the planning, design, management and programming of public spaces. The process inherits from the theories of Jane Jacobs and William H. White, Jane’s editor. The first step is listening to best experts in the field—the people who live, work and play in a place. The next is to implement firstly what is already there, before building brand new, in a “lighter, quicker, cheaper” strategy
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
It takes a place to create a community, and a community to create a place Think “lighter, quicker, cheaper”, not big, expensive, long-term builded structures. Working with local people, but attracting more partners for long-term structures Identifying potentials 11 simple principles: http://www.pps.org/referen ce/11steps/
Further details: PPS Project from Public Spaces http://www.pps.org/reference/what_is_placemaking/ Play the City http://www.playthecity.nl/
A strategy to study a place with the help of local people in orther to make a common agenda and process
Can help in order to make a common agenda, events, or temporay uses in an integrated, faster perspective Urban orchard build on the top of a parking deck. PPS. Photo: http://www.pps.org/reference/creativityplacemaking-building-inspiring-centers-of-culture/
Tips and manuals http://www.pps.org/reference/11steps/
THEORY
ROLES OF CITIZENS IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT
// theory
Political actors
Influence on political decision-making processes Elections Citizens initiatives Political actions
Citizens have different roles in the development of a city. Often they overlay each other and do not have clear borders. Who develops the city? Everybody!
Parties affected, involved parties
Demanding your rights Participation processes Express your needs and interests Potentially: resistance and protest, consent and participation
Civil society
Involvement in associations, collectives, ... Community based actions (e.g. neighbourhood etc.) Projects (urban interventions etc.) Social Entrepreneurs
Market Player
Location/Investment decisions/preferences Consumption/mobility preferences environmental consciousness recreation habits
Literature
Further details: www.localsquares.eu
Klaus Selle (2013): Über Bürgerbeteiligung Gemeinschaftsaufgabe? Analysen und Konzepte.
hinaus:
Stadtentwicklung
als
JAN GEHL
// theory
The “humanization” of the city: people at the center of Urban planning
ABOUT Jan Gehl started his career during the sixties, studying how people behave in public spaces, in order to design spaces for people not for cars. His book “Life between buildings” published in 1971 changed the car-planned city of Copenhagen into a bike-friendly one as we know it now. Gehl Architects studio works all over the World. The office helped in the transformation of Manhattan in a bike-friendly and pedestrian city, especially the Brodway area.
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
Creating cities for people, counting, measuring, and analyzing the spaces to work with Developing a public space network that can support the proposed public life through scale, form and climate “Public space, public life” surveys to improve Copenhagen in 1968 and Oslo 1987.
The book inspires openminded thinking and « design-for-all » principles: benches for elderly, wide sidewalks for mixed uses…
Gehl Architect’s projects can be used as study cases to help transform cities with bikes and pedestrians in mind
Jan Gehl Photo http://gehlarchitects.com/people/
Tips and manuals Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space, Copenhagen, 1971 Further details: http://gehlarchitects.com/story/
How to Study Public Life, Island Press, 2013
JANE JACOBS
// theory
The streets as places
ABOUT American writer who promoted life in the cities opposed to the ideas of international style. She was especially against this style’s theory of “zoning”, that separates the functions of: home, work, circulation and recreation. She proposed to use streets as places to gather and walk, not like just for cars, and to have little parcs adapted to people, not big green areas without human scale. She influenced the work of many sociologists as Françoise Choay.
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
Pro-city: finding qualities
Inspiration to change
in the city, not only
spaces into places:
outside of it
placemaking
Streets as places
Jane’s Walk
Create a good mixture
Fighting for more
and balance of activities
pedestrian cities, spaces
in neighbordhoods
to gather, public squares
People are the « eyes of the street »
Jane Jacobs as activist Photo East Central Community Council. http://eastcentralcc.org/?p=4418
Tips and manuals The death and life of great american cities, NYC, 1961 Further details and background photo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Jacobs
Dark age ahead, NYC, 2004
DAVID HARVEY
// theory
From the right to the City to the Urban Revolution
ABOUT British geographer member of the Interim Committee for the emerging International Organization for a Participatory Society. His book “Rebel cities “continues the work of Henri Lefebvre leading to an urban revolution, being an inspiration for Occupy movements. Harvey asks how cities might be reorganized in more socially just and ecologically sane ways.
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
Social justice should be at
Anticapitalist movements
the center of urban policies
Social justice promotion
The « Right to the city » as
Political engagement
the right to change ourselves by changing the city
Supporting Occupy movements David Harvey as activist Photo : The Daily Pennsylvanian http://www.thedp.com/index.php/article/2011/11/occu pypenn_shows_solidarity_following_arrests
Tips and manuals
Further details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Harvey Background photo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupy_Philadelphia
Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution, ed. Verso, 2012, ISBN 1781680744 Social Justice and the City, 1973
HENRI LEFEBVRE
// theory
The Right to the City
ABOUT French Marxist philosopher and sociologist who created the concept of the Right to the City: an abstract right for every citizen to decide about his environment, not leaving it to change according to private capitalist rules. His ideas foster the revolution of “everyday life”: the only way of people’s self-expression to reach a concrete utopian existence.
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
Comprehension of
The Right to the City
The revolution of
capitalists mechanisms
« everyday life »
that intervene in the
Supporting May 1968
construction of the city
student revolts
revendications
The social production of space
Social justice
Very widespread theory
Henri Lefebvre Photo: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Lefebvre
Tips and manuals Critique de la vie quotidienne, L'Arche,1947 Further details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Lefebvre Background photo: AK Press
Le Droit à la ville, Paris, Anthropos, 1968
organizations
BRAL
// organizations
BRAL: Brusselse raad voor het leefmilieu = Brussels council for the environment. Belgium
ABOUT Dutch-speaking association that gathers citizen groups, organizations and Brusselians with the same commitment: a livable city where each can move, can live and stay , in a nice way that remains environmentally-friendly and affordable. They work on a local level, like a socio-cultural center, but with wider perspective, starting campaigns for a more pedestrian and cycle-friendly city.
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
Solidarity values
Actions and lobbying tasks
Integrated, participative
Disseminating knowledge
and transparent urban policies
about Brussels
Raising awareness about
Proactive bike policy
environmental and social
To make Brussels pedestrian-
concerns
friendly
Building an activism park in Ninoofsepoort Photo: BRAL. http://bralvzw.be/fr/bewonersgroepe
Tips and manuals Further details: http://www.bralvzw.be/en
http://www.bralvzw.be/fr/downloads-en-documentatie
CASCOLAND
// organizations
Artists, architects and designers acting as «activators» and initiators for projects. Creating networks between these people and local citizens can be very enriching for the community!
ABOUT
PURPOSE
PRINCIPLES
International network of artists, architects, designers and performers promoting mobilization, participation and networking through artistic exchange and collaboration.
Projects are initiated by Fiona de Bell and Roel Schoenmakers and executed with multi-disciplinary teams of artists and designers, collaborating with other similar structures as Raumlabor from Berlin. .
Activating public space through art interventions Construction of architectural structures/objects Use of performance and new media Audience participation Projects/artwork are tools to be used by participants and audiences rather than artworks
Interaction between art and public space, and between artists and neighbours
Starting local initiatives as cultural process managers
Kolenkit project in Amsterdam Photo: http://www.cascoland.nl
Tips and manuals A+t magazine n°38 Strategy and Tactics in public space ISBN 978-84-615-6137-7 Further details http://www.cascoland.nl
Background photo: http://www.straschnow.com/
Isuu Cities magazine « We own the City » http://issuu.com/citiesthemagazine/docs/weown-issuu
RECETAS URBANAS
// organizations
Not illegal, not really legal, but «i-legal» situations to make cities more livable
ABOUT Recetas Urbanas architectural studio continues the work of Santiago Cirugeda, a spanish subversive architect. The studio develops different projects: from systematic occupations of public spaces made with containers, to the construction of prosthesis for facades, backyards, roofs and empty lots. All of these done through a negotiation process between the legality and illegality, as a way to remember the big amount of regulations we are subjected to in the cities.
CONTEXT
PRINCIPLES
Tools to negotiate with
Negotiation processes
Public space appropriations
Legal/illegal ambiguity
Strategies explained as DIY
rooftops, empty buildings or
projects: anyone can repeat
plots with neighbourhood
them
facilities
public administration
Ideas for occupying
Construction containers as playing furniture: legal as they as for its permit, but subversive in its use Photo: ecosistemaurbano.org http://ecosistemaurbano.org/castellano/%C2%BFquetienen-que-ver-los-okupas-con-la-arquitectura/
Tips and manuals Urban Disobedience: The Work of Santiago Cirugeda, Exhibition Catalog for the New York Institute of Technology's School of Architecture and Design, Manhattan, 2007. Situaciones Urbanas, Ed. Tenov, Barcelona, 2007. Further details: http://www.recetasurbanas.net/v3/index.php/es/
Arquitecturas Colectivas, Camiones, Contenedores, Colectivos, Ed. Vibok, Sevilla, 2010.
Connecting and training participation experts in Europe www.localsquares.eu
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission (Program "Leonardo da Vinci Partnership"). This information reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.