The Newsletter of the HSTG A Task Group of the International Union of Geological Sciences Nยบ 1
Compiled and edited by Lola Pereira and Bjรถrn Schouenborg HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 1(15)
Contents: 1. Welcome to the HSTG newsletter 2. An overview of HSTG 3. Recent activities 4. Activities in the near future 5. Reports from our board members 6. Calendar
1. Welcome to the HSTG newsletter Welcome to our new Newsletter! It is our pleasure to share with all of you the involvements and activities of this Group with the aim that you get implicated with them as much as possible. We hope to send this newsletter to you once a year and receive feedback from you in order to improve it every issue! The Newsletter will only be available electronically, sent to all HSTG members and available for download at www.globalheritagestone.org .
2. An overview of the HSTG HSTG is a Task Group, formally established by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) in 2011, with an initial administrative Board of Management being appointed at the 34th International Geological Congress in Brisbane for the period 2012-2016. HSTG had earlier origins in 2008 as a project within Commission (C-10) - Building Stones and Ornamental Rocks of the International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG C-10) that was recognised at its meeting during the 33rd International Geological Congress in Oslo, Norway. The first board of the HSTG is made up of: PRESIDENT Dr BjĂśrn Schouenborg (Sweden) SECRETARY GENERAL Associate Prof. Barry J. Cooper (Australia) VICE PRESIDENTS & MEMBERS Prof. Dolores Pereira (Spain) Dr Sabina Kramar (Slovenia)
BOARD
Prof. Jan Elsen (Belgium) Dr Joseph T. Hannibal (USA) Prof. Brian R. Pratt (Canada) Dr Nelson R. Shaffer (USA) Prof. Fabiano CabaĂąas Navarro (Brazil) Prof. M.Jayananda (India) Dr Hirokazu Kato (Japan) Dr Phil Paige-Greene (South Africa) Dr Brian R. Marker (UK)
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HSTG retains its link with IAEG C-10 with the HSTG President also being IAEG C-10 Chair and several events are prepared and executed in collaboration. The objectives of HSTG are:
To facilitate formal designation of natural stones that have achieved widespread recognition in human culture (i.e. heritage stones).
To create the “Global Heritage Stone Resource” (GHSR) as an internationally recognised heritage stone designation.
To promote the adoption and use of heritage stone designation by international and national authorities.
At present, there are 222 HSTG correspondents from 50 countries.
3. Recent activities Activities in 2013
HSTG had a very successful year. It continued in its formative phase with the organisation of the first Heritage Stone Conference as a session at the General Assembly of European Geoscience Union (EGU conference) in Vienna, Austria, 7-12 April 2013.
See Table 1 for EGU 2013 contributions. The success of the meeting allowed us to compile a symposium volume on Heritage Stone, with most contributions presented at the EGU. This Special Publication of the Geological Society of London has already been published on-line and a hard copy will be available by mid-2015. One important outreach activity during the Vienna conference was the interview of the HSTG Secretary General by the British Broadcasting Commission (BBC) with details of the project being available to be viewed and read at www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment22097403 and www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22102933 .
Table 1. Contributions to the EGU 2013 congress Basis for application of criteria for definition of Global Heritage Stone Brian Marker Sierra Nevada serpentinites. An important element in the architectonic heritage of Granada (Spain). Rafael Navarro, Dolores Pereira, Carlos Rodríguez-Navarro, and Eduardo Sebastián-Pardo Piedra Pajarilla: A candidate for nomination as Global Heritage Stone Resource from Spain Dolores Pereira, Ana Gimeno, and Santiago del Barrio The "Global Heritage Stone Resource": Past, Present and Future Barry Cooper Introductory Overview of Stone Heritages in Japan HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 3(15)
Hirokazu Kato, Teruki Oikawa, Masayo Fujita, and Shunji Yokoyama Methods for tracing the origin of white marbles used in antiquity Walter Prochaska and Silvana Maria Grillo Bulding and Ornamental Stone in the History of St Petersburg Architecture Andrey Bulakh Biofouling of granite-rapakivi in St. Petersburg monuments and in the quarry in Russia and Finland Dmitry Vlasov, Elena Panova, Elena Alampieva, Elena Olhovaya, Tatyana Popova, Alexey Vlasov, and Marina Zelenskaya The Kolmården serpentine marble in Sweden, a building stone found at many levels in the society. Anders Wikström and Dolores Pereira Steatite and schist: natural stones built heritage in Brazil as contenders for the Global Heritage Stone Resouce Antônio Gilberto Costa The OSMATER project: promotion of stone materials from the Verbano-Cusio-Ossola region (Italy) and the Canton Ticino (Switzerland). Alessandro Cavallo and Giovanna Antonella Dino Drropulli Stone and Gjirokastra World Heritage in Albania Afat Serjani and Sabina Kramar Multidisciplinary studies on ancient sandstone quarries of Western Sardinia (Italy). Silvana Maria Grillo, Carla Del Vais, and Stefano Naitza White Macael marble: a key element in the architectonic heritage of Andalusia for over 25 centuries Rafael Navarro, Ana Sol Cruz, Lourdes Arriaga, and José Manuel Baltuille The relevance of "Santa Pudia" calcarenite: a natural stone to preserve heritage buildings in Andalusia (Spain) Rafael Navarro, Eduardo Molina, and José Manuel Baltuille “Piedra Dorada”: a natural stone as an intrinsic part of two World Heritage Cities in Andalusia (Spain) Rafael Navarro, Josefina Sánchez-Valverde, and José Manuel Baltuille The use of local natural stone in construction of St. Petersburg region and south-east Finland Hannu Luodes, Paavo Härmä, Elena Panova, Heikki Pirinen, and Olavi Selonen The Significance of PodpeÄ limestone in the Cultural Heritage of Slovenia Sabina Kramar, Mojca Bedjanič, Breda Mirtič, Ana Mladenović, Boštjan Rožič, Dragomir Skaberne, and Nina Zupančič Portugues Marbles as Stone Heritage Luis Lopes and Ruben Martins Welsh Slate: A Candidate for Global Heritage Stone Status Jana Horak, Terry Hughes, and Graham Lott The geological heritage of Piedmont Region: Turin a "Stone-Town" Alessandro Borghi, Daniele Castelli, Emanuele Costa, Anna d'Atri, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Sergio Favero, Simona Ferrando, Chiara Groppo, Luca Martire, Rosanna Piervittori, Franco Rolfo, Piergiorgio Rossetti, and Gloria Vaggelli The Marble Types of Thassos Island through the Ages Kostas Laskaridis, Michael Patronis, Christos Papatrechas, and Björn Schouenborg Colmenar limestone as a resource for built heritage Rafael Fort, Mónica Álvarez de Buergo, MªJosé Varas-Muriel, and Elena Mercedes Pérez-Monserrat Global stone heritage: larvikite, Norway Tom Heldal and Rolv Dahl HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 4(15)
Villamayor stone (Golden Stone) as a Global Heritage Stone Resource from Salamanca (NW of Spain) Jacinta Garcia-Talegon, Adolfo Iñigo, and Santiago Vicente-Tavera Eucisia schist a natural stone from Northern Portugal Silvia Aires, Cristina Carvalho, and Fernando Noronha Natural stones of historic and future importance in Sweden Björn Schouenborg, Jenny Andersson, and Mattias Göransson Ruschita Romanian marble - 130 years of official exploitation and 130 m depth of architectural beauty around the word Valentina Cetean Preliminary notes about Heritage Stone Resources from Apulia region South Italy Vincenzo Simeone and Angelo Doglioni Hungarian travertine: a historic and current stone resource of Central Europe Ákos Török Contribution of Portuguese two-mica granites to stone built heritage Angela Almeida and Arlindo Begonha
A model paper nominating “Portland Stone” from the United Kingdom as a “Global Heritage Stone Resource” was also published while the Task Group has also approved Check Lists for describing both a “Global Heritage Stone Resource” and a “Global Heritage Stone Province”. (see Episodes, 2013)
Our correspondent in Japan Hirokazu Kato proposed at the 48th CCOP Annual Session that a CCOP Global Stone Heritage Book be compiled and published. The proposal was warmly received and the meeting recommended Japan to give a proposal of this issue and to publish a book as the third volume of CCOP Books. The Book project was approved at the 60th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting in March 2013 in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. It was agreed that Dr. Hirokazu Kato, Dr. Yoshihiko Shimazaki and Dr. Anthony Reedman will serve as Editors of the book. The title of the book will be "Stone Heritage of East and Southeast Asia" and the content of the book was tentatively agreed as follows:
Preface by Editors Message from GSHR Message from CCOP Chapter 1: Stone Heritage of Cambodia Chapter 2: Stone Heritage of Indonesia Chapter 3: Stone Heritage of Japan Chapter 4: Stone Heritage of Korea Chapter 5: Stone Heritage of Malaysia Chapter 6: Stone Heritage of the Philippines Chapter 7: Stone Heritage of Papua New Guinea Chapter 8: Stone Heritage of Thailand Chapter 9: Stone Heritage of Vietnam HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 5(15)
Activities in 2014
The second edition of HSTG session at the EGU 2014 took place on the 28th of April. Nineteen contributions were presented, either as posters or oral presentations. Although less contributions were presented than in the previous EGU edition, the public interest was greater and the discussion more fruitful. See Table 2 for EGU 2014 contributions.
Table 2. Contributions to the EGU 2014 congress Porphyry of Russian Empires in Paris Andrey Bulakh “Petit Granit”: a Belgian limestone used in heritage, construction and sculpture. Dolores Pereira, Francis Touneur, Lorenzo Bernáldez, and Ana García Blázguez "Piedra Franca": the same name for many different natural stones. Dolores Pereira, Rafael Navarro, and Jose Manuel Baltuille Bath stone - a possible Global Heritage Stone from England Brian Marker Microbial monitoring in treated stone at the Royal Chapel of Granada Fadwa Jroundi, Guadalupe Pinar, Maria Theresa González-Muñoz, and Katja Sterflinger The historical and cultural heritage from Brazil: rocks and deterioration patterns Antônio Costa Monitoring of the Heat and Moisture Transport through Walls of St. Martin Cathedral Tower in Bratislava Ľudovít Kubičár, Ján Hudec, Danica Fidríková, Vladimír Štofanik, Peter Dieška, and Viliam Vretenár Carrara Marble: a nomination for Global Heritage Stone Resource piero primavori Characteristic roofing slates from Spain: Mormeau and Los Molinos Victor Cardenes Van den Eynde, Veerle Cnudde, and Jean Pierre Cnudde Digitalization of the exceptional building and decorative stones collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna Ludovic Ferrière and Christian Steinwender Limestone types used from the classic Karst region in Slovenia Sabina Kramar, Breda Mirtič, Ana Mladenović, Boštjan Rožič, Mojca Bedjanič, Jože Kortnik, and Andrej Šmuc The Dala (Älvdalen) Porphyries from Sweden Anders Wikström, Lola Pereira, Thomas Lundqvist, and Barry Cooper Quality assessment of the melanocratic basalt outcrops for the mineral fiber producing, Southern Urals, Russia Antonino Pisciotta, Boris V. Perevozchikov, Boris M. Osovetsky, Elena A. Menshikova, and Konstantin P. Kazymov Berroqueña stone of Madrid (Spain). A traditional and contemporary building stone David Martin Freire Lista, Rafael Fort, and MªJosé Varas Muriel “Azul Platino”: another Spanish natural stone to be considered as Global Heritage Stone Resource. Juan José Tejado, M. Isabel Mota, and Dolores Pereira “Gris Quintana”: a Spanish granite from the Past into the Future.
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Juan José Tejado, M. Isabel Mota, and Dolores Pereira “Sydney sandstone”: Heritage Stone from Australia Barry Cooper and Sabina Kramar Purbeck Stone - A possible Global Heritage Stone from England Brian Marker Traces of the heritage arising from the Macelj sandstone Mateja Golež
Our HSTG Russian member Andrey Bulak
Collection of Stones from the World, an
marking in the map where his stone came
initiative of EGU 2014, where participants
from.
could leave a sample brought from their country.
A publication for a special issue on “Episodes” has already been compiled with some of the contributions at EGU 2014. It will be published in June 2015. The following natural stones will be considered in this issue: Petit Granit and Lede Stone, from Belgium; Porphyries from Sweden and from Russia; Slates and Alpedrete granite from Spain; Bath Stone and Purbeck stone from United Kingdom; and Sydney sandstone from Australia.
The HSTG was represented as well at the IAEG congress in Turín. A session took place in the frame of our link with the C-10 commission on Building Stones and Ornamental rocks. Table 3 contains the list of contributions.
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Table 3. Contributions to the XII IAEG 2014 congress, C-10 seminar on Building stones and ornamental rocks A Global Heritage Stone Province in Association with the UNESCO World Heritage City of Salamanca, Spain Dolores Pereira and Barry Cooper Characterization of the Natural Variability of Macael Serpentinite (Verde Macael ) (Almería, South of Spain) for Their Appropriate Use in the Building Industry Rafael Navarro, Dolores Pereira, Ana Gimeno, and Santiago del Barrio Some Examples of Heritage Stones from Australia Barry Cooper Granites from south west England - a global heritage stone resource' Brian Marker The Karst region of Slovenia: a potential global heritage stone province' Sabina Kramar The Natural Stone in the Historic Buildings of the City of Granada (Southern Spain). Features as a Possible Candidate for the Designation of “ Global Heritage Stone Province” Rafael Navarro, Josefina Sánchez-Valverde, and José Manuel Baltuille Petrographic, Physical– Mechanical and Radiological Characterisation of the Rosa Beta Granite (CorsicaSardinia Batholith) S. Cuccuru and A. Puccini Changes in Marble Quality After Sodium Sulphate Crystallization and Long-Lasting Freeze-Thaw Testing Tatiana Durmeková, Peter Ružička, Miroslav Hain, and Mária Čaplovičová Assessment of Potential Natural Stone Deposits Hannu Luodes, Heikki Sutinen, Paavo Härmä, Heikki Pirinen, and Olavi Selonen P-T-XCO2 Pseudosection Modelling of Talc-Magnesite Soapstone Seppo Leinonen Adnet ‘ Marble’ , Untersberg ‘ Marble’ and Leitha Limestone— Best Examples Expressing Austria’ s Physical Cultural Heritage Beatrix Moshammer, Christian Uhlir, Andreas Rohatsch, and Michael Unterwurzacher The Wiborg Granite Batholith— The Main Production Area for Granite in Finland Paavo Härmä, Olavi Selonen, and Hannu Luodes Methods for Evaluating the Natural Stone Weathering Condition in Selected Historical Buildings Within the Project “ Efficient Use of Natural Stone in the Leningrad Region and South– East Finland” Nike Luodes, Hannu Luodes, Heikki Pirinen, Paavo Härmä, Heikki Sutinen, Aleksei Shkurin, and Claudio De Regibus Granites of the Verbano-Cusio-Ossola District (Piedmont, Northern Italy): Possible Candidates for the Designation of “ Global Heritage Stone Province” and a Proposal of a Geotouristic Route Alessandro Cavallo and Giovanna Antonella Dino Building Stone Evaluation Applied to Weathered Granites— The Example of Amarelo Real Granite (Northern Portugal) LMO Sousa and JMM Lourenço Production of Granitic Press Rollers in Finland Arto Peltola, Olavi Selonen, and Paavo Härmä The Uses of Natural Stone in the Building of Canberra, Australia’ s National Capital City Wolf Mayer Fire on the Rocks: Heat as an Agent in Ancient Egyptian Hard Stone Quarrying Tom Heldal and Per Storemyr Size Effect in Flexural Strength Test on Dimension Stones HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 8(15)
Rossana Bellopede, Paola Marini, and Lorenzo Collaro CE-Marking of Natural Stone— Practical Application and Solutions in Sweden Linus Brander and Björn Schouenborg Hierarchical Approaches Toward Safeguarding Heritage Building Stone Resources in England and Wales Ian A. Thomas and Barry J. Cooper The Relation Between the Petrographic, Physico-Mechanical Properties and the Use of Some Deposit Paving in Algeria Chentout Malika, B. Alloul, and D.J. Belhai
All these contributions have been published in the Proceedings Book edited by Springer: Engineering Geology for Society and Territory. Volume 5. Urban Geology, Sustainable Planning and Landscape Exploitation, Part IV Building Stones & Ornamental Rocks— Resource Evaluation, Technical Assessment, Heritage Designation A workshop took place the day after our session. 28 people joined the presentation and following discussion, adding fruitful comments and suggestions for the HSTG management, activities and other issues related to GHSR. An image of attendees is shown below.
Participants at the IAEG C-10/HSTG workshop in Turin. Mid conference, a city tour of Turin was arranged to study the local use of building stone. For this occasion an app had been developed: TOURinSTONES, and can be downloaded from Google play or Appstore.
A heritage stone session was also organised, 24-25 April 2014, at the North Central Section meeting of the Geological Society of America in Lincoln, Nebraska under the title of “Cultural Geology: Capitol Buildings, Heritage Stone, Parks, and more”. There were nine presentations with Joseph Hannibal and Nelson Shaffer presiding. (See GSA 2014) HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 9(15)
A field trip was also held in association viewing “Building and Ornamental Stones in the Nebraska State Capital Building”.
The 5th Global Stone Congress was held in Antalya, Turkey, from 22-25 October 2014. Approximately ten papers featured heritage stone in their content. An interim secretariat for future Global stone congresses was formed and it was decided to postpone the next event until 2017 in order not to collide with the IGC congress in Cape Town 2016.
Björn and colleagues at Perge, the ancient Roman city in the eastern part of Antalya.
Global Stone Congress organizers in Antalya
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4. Activities in the near future
EGU 2015: We are organizing a third edition of Natural Stone Heritage. Abstract submission deadline is 7th of January. EGU 2015
A regional heritage stone conference as part of the North Central Section conference of the Geological Society of America in Madison, Wisconsin 19-20 May 2015. The theme will be “Cultural Geology and Geoarchaeology: Millstones, Dimension Stones, Capitol Buildings, Heritage Stone, and More” GSA 2015 Madison
Geological Society of America, Baltimore 2015. A heritage stone conference is being planned as a session at the Annual Meeting of Geological Society of America in Baltimore, Maryland, 1-4 November 2015. Field trips examining the stone heritage of Baltimore and local stone quarries are being planned. More details will be announced at the GSA web page. GSA 2015
35th IGC in Cape Town 2016. The HSTG and IAEG C-10 has submitted a proposal for a stone seminar/session during this event. We are also trying to arrange a field trip. More information about the congress can be found on: http://www.35igc.org/
Detailed information on all these activities will be reported in the periodical reports from the Secretary General.
5. Reports from our board members. Reports from everywhere
Lola Pereira in Oxford In January 2014, Lola Pereira stayed a week in Oxford, while enjoying an Erasmus exchange at the University of Birmingham. Staying in Oxford allowed her to visit the Natural History Museum to see the superb collection of dimension stones and the Museum itself, which is built using different natural stones that serve as an incredible catalogue. Here she wants to acknowledge the great help of Professor Paul Smith, Director of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, and Monica T. Price, Head of Earth Collections at the Museum.
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Interior of Museum of Natural History. The court is surrounded by thirty columns, each made of a different British natural stone.
In addition Lola visited as well the Department of Geography, where Dr Heather Viles teaches and has a magnificent laboratory for testing industrial rocks. Heather is tutoring two Marie Curie fellowships at present, both dealing with subjects that have a strong link to the HSTG interests. At the moment a second visit by Lola Pereira is organized to identify possible ways of collaboration and joint contributions. During this same visit, Lola Pereira gave a seminar at the Department of Geography University of Birmingham, hosted by Dr Mary Thornbush. Mary is a member of the IAGeoethics, linked to the IUGS. Attendance to the seminar was important in number and in the profile of participants: many retired members of the Department assisted and were interested in following HSTG activities. In fact a Master´s student subsequently contacted Lola Pereira asking for material to complete his Master´s thesis.
Contacts with India Besides the fluent and friendly connection the HSTG has with India, a new strong link is being developed with the Stone Technology Center in Ahmedabad. The Director of the Center Vikram Rastogi has recently showed his interest in a proposal to study serpentinites by the research group of Lola Pereira at the University of Salamanca. This proposal was sent to the HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 12(15)
Spanish Economy Ministry requesting funding and including an Expression-of-Interest letter from Mr Rastogi, together with other research and institutional correspondence. Furthermore a Memorandum of Understanding has been signed between the International Stone Research Centre and the University of Salamanca.
Report from Luis Lopes, Portugal Luis Lopes was in Mozambique during the Spring of 2014 where he had the chance of discussing the work of HSTG. He has been promoting the Group during the past couple of years not only in Mozambique, but also in USA (GSA meeting in Denver), Turkey (Global Stone in Antalya) and Argentina, at the National Geological Congress where he had been invited by the organization.
Report from Lidia Catarino, Portugal The First Meeting European Quarry Landscapes took place, 30- 31 October 2014, in Gran Hotel Botánicos, Teruel, Aragón, Spain, dedicated to the international cooperation of recovering historic quarries and landscapes. The meeting was organized by the European Quarry Landscapes Network. This meeting was part of the LIFE + Programme of the European Commission, the financial instrument for the environment of the European Union. European quarries are rich cultural landscapes which also enjoy special natural conditions and habitats, and rich geological and fossil evidence. Stone use occurs from the beginning of European art and architecture, and quarries are vital for the conservation of this heritage. Some quarries have been worked since classical times, providing the stone for Europe’s greatest buildings and urban settings. Examples of quarries from Austria, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain (Madrid, Menorca, Salamanca) and UK were presented. From the Teruel quarries came the clay to make the bricks and tiles to build the 12th century Mudéjar art of Aragon, now a World Heritage site. Influenced by Islamic traditions and European Gothic styles, this building tradition is characterized by an extremely refined and inventive use of bricks and glazed tiles. The quarries of Teruel were visited by the participants of the meeting guided by the organization and giving all the information about the works in progress in order to recover the landscape and reuse the place for the citizens of the city. The panel discussion about the TICCIH Thematic Report on the inscription of quarry landscapes on the World Heritage List was very fruitful with different opinions. The term “quarry” was discussed because, in some opinions, quarry landscapes must not be restrictive to the quarry itself but include other mining aspects. The quarries must be preserved but in HSTG Newsletter no.1 Page 13(15)
conditions to permit the exploitation if necessary. In some countries (for example Austria) it is common sense to allow this. In others it is restrictive and there can be interference. Also some of the quarries are still in operation and must remain operative thus providing people with work and advantages to the local economy. The Declaration of Participation and Commitment to the European Network of Quarry Landscapes was signed by several of the participants with minimal revision.
Assistants to the First meeting of the European Network of Quarry Landscapes Report from Hirokazu Kato, Japan Our Japanese Board member reported on his new situation in retirement from the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). He still maintains working connections to the Institute and works as consultant for OYO corporation. Dr Kato is the responsible coordinator of a Special Book on natural stones, elaborated after the 48th Annual Session of CCOP that was held in Langkawi, Malaysia on 5-8 November 2012. It was organized by the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (JMG), Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE) Malaysia and the Technical Secretariat of CCOP (CCOP TS) in cooperation with PETRONAS. There were 109 delegates attending the Session from the following Member Countries - Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam
6. Calendar Please, visit regularly the calendar at our web page. Information will be updated periodically, with important meetings and interesting activities for the HSTG
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