More Fun With Sounds - Learning English 2 by Liberal Party

MOREFT]NWITHSOT]NDS

by Nirmali Hettiarachchi BA,ffCf (Speechand Drama) UICL(SpokenEnglish)

and RaiivaWijesinha MA,Dph.r(oxoN.) with

William Richards ne' AdvancedDiploma in Voice Studies (Central School of Speechand Drama,London)

] 7

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Illustrated by

Bandula Peiris

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Published by McCallurn Books for the English Association of Sri knka Junior Readers Proiect

@EnglistrAssociationof Sri I.anka Junior Readersproiect 199r

Chief Editor: Nirrnali Hettiarachchi Edirorialfusistant: Malathi'r,algodapitiya GraphicsDesign: Mrinali lhalgod apitiya Editorial Board: Nihal Cooray Nirmali Hettiarachchi Rajiva Wijesinha

rsBN955-9135.03 S MoreFunwith Soundsis at theSecondlevelof the kaming English projectof theEnglisir Series prepaledby theJuniorReaders . Association of Srilanka,with theassistance of a qrantfromthe Canadian International Development Agency.

GENERAL PREFACE The first three Readersin the LearningEnglishSeries haveproved very successful. Following on th'is, the English Associationhas beenable, with financial assistancefrom the Canadian International Development Agency,to produceseveral more readers in the serjes andmakethem wicjely avail able at reaclil y affordable pri ces. The LearnjngEnglishSeries has beendesjgnedespec.iallyfor Lankan students with words and pictures that are familiar to them. The notes are also' especially meantas gu'idel ines for Lankantea chers and learners of Ingl'ish. This is becauselearn'ingis madeeasjer whenconfidence'is built up and this is best cleveloped through js materjal that not strange or totally alien to the learner's culture. Accordi ngly, the greater numberof boot<sa stude nt j s gjven the opportunityof readjng the less al ienatedhe or she r^rj II feel . For thi s reason b,e hope al l stuclentswil l have accessto a number of brooks at eachlevel. trjorkbooks for each I evel are al so being designed. At each I evel the correspond'ing workbookshouldbe usedas soonas stuclentshave becontef amil iar vrith someof the material. Studentswil l al so benefi t f rom 90,ing through the exercises and ulordsanclsentences for practice that appearin almost every book. Great fun can be har:l'by construct'ingother exerc'ises,questjons anrJ gantes .based on or similar to those in the book. Aboveall, the i?earlers are meantto be used.in as manyt^Jays as r'rill developfamil'iarity w'ith and confidencein the abillty to hanclletheir contents, As plannedat the outset, five levels of Readershave not'lbeen made available. They are carefully gracJecl and adopt djfferent approaches.It is not essential that students 9o through all of themin order. Studentsat varyjng degreesof profjcjencymaybeg.in at the I evel wh'ichsuits them hest. 0uick studentswiI I be able to progresson to the next level after reaclingjust a s'ingleReacler at one level, Hob/ever, as the bookshave beenproducedprimarilv to eclucatethrough enjoyrnent,v'le hope that students wj l I take pleasurein readjngthroughas manybooksaS poss'ibleat eachlevel. Nirmali Hettiarachchi I

Ra jiva !' ' lije sin h a

Sound( 10) oo cansoundltke O I o

Hood Hook Rook Nook Soot

Book

Go o d S tood C o ok Look Took

oo can also be slightly longer. He yill call this sound(10), like Or/ * The difference has to be learnt by practice.

Stoop

Room Soon

Cool

Hoop

Stool

Moocl

Hoot

Boom

Loot

Boon

Toot

Doom

In these words sound ( l0) at the end of the word goes together yith another ro,rnO.The numberof the first soUnd tre use in each is written belowthe word. Saloon +

Baboon l{

Festoon 3

Cocoon aj

Lampoon I

Maroon t{

Bassoon t, Lagoon 4

Pontoon

Battoon

Racoon ti

Spittoon z

Dragoon 4

Morewordsfor practice with sound( 10)

Boot

Br o o m

Gloom

Croon

Troop

Crook

Loose Moose Noose

f I

Thereis no soundin sinhalaor Tamil like the soundmade by the letter f. But remember that there is a difference betveenp which is madewith both lips and whlch is I madeby your teeth and lowerlip.

Fan

Ftt

Five

Fed

Fi nd

0ffer

Fade

Fine

Fane

Fake Foe

Frame

Foot

Fool

Frost Ftog

Flan Flas Fie Fin Fl i p Fl ed Fen

Fret

Foo d Fat From Fun Profer Fi le 0ften Defer

S ound( 11) ee cansoundlike 6i o ihet Street Seek

li lr

Feel Leek Seep Peel Need Heed Meet

Reef

Street

Reek

Seek

Peek

Feel

Steed

Leek

Reed

Seep

Reel'

Keel Steep Breecl Greed Creed Speed Meed Sleet Sleek

5 l

I a

Feet Keep Steep

Thesamesouncl (11) can also be madeyith ea.

Seal Heat Seat

Leaf

Lead Read

Hea;l I{eat Bead Deal Reap

Neat Spea k

Heap Steal llean Meal

Peal Dream Creak Streak Treat

sometimes the letters ea are usedto makesound(3). Thls happens malnly in wordsthat enclin ead.

Dread

Bread

Dead Lead Stead

T I I

i i

Read(past tense) Remember in the presenttenseReadusessoundfil ).

The consonant[J should makea different soundfrom consonant V. Youuse your teeth and lower lip to mbkethe soundV. To makethe sound}{ you pushboth Iips out. l{eb

t{aei

Twit

ttlin

t{ir I I

tllet

Twin

w i g1

Tweak

}Jed

t'lest t{i Pe

}{ept I'rtake

l{eld, }{ood

Wend tl|eek ttr|eak

Wett Wind

l{on

witt

lfade

Sweet

lrlave

l,{eecl t{ife

Sweep I

S ound( 12) ou can soundlike

@ 9/9* o

Pout Foul Mound Hound Bound Bout Sprout

Rout

[ount 0uf

Around

Clout Tout Fl out

Spout

Abouncl

Loud

Aground

Sound

Astound

Found Scout

i L"'

The 'letters sh are often usedtogether and soundlike â&#x201A;Ź This is not a cormonsoundin Tamll but it can be madewith the letter orl

S hel f

Shoot

Shame

Sheep

Shacle Shut Shook Shine

Ship

Shock

SheII

Shatt She S hop

Shack Shot Shave Shape Shake Sheet

Sentences for practice

The rook swooped over the headof the fool.

l he pr o u dhound bou n d e da r o u n d th e m o u n d . Thebig baboonheld the balloon in his fist. Thewild west wind yill

sweepacrossthe trees.

I I

I :l

,I ;l I

I L

Moresentences for practice

The fine cook makesgoodfood in big pots.

The seat [eaps over tfre ship in the sea. Samanmalisleâ&#x201A;Źps on the cool ground instead of on her bed.

Sheshut the shopand svept under the shelf.

(e) W/q sound This soundis not only longer than sound(9), it is also madeslightly differently. It is often to be heardwherer follows a. The r is not sounded.

Art

Arm Far

Bark

Lark

Start

Barn

Smart

Darn

Dark

Harm

Cart

Farm Dart

Part

Jar spqrk

Mark

Bar

Stark

Park

Spar Star 13

There are other words too in which this long A soundl_l) is used. Often it occurs in words in whlch q is folloyed by S or l. The I in such words is not sounded,though a by the s is. Sometimes itself is long. buch trords have to be I earned.

Father Fast Past Last Ask Market

Patm

Cask Task

Calm

l4ask

Balm

Bask

Alm

Plaster

Cast Mast

Brass

Flask

Glass

Baslcet

Grass

Casket

Zo o The consonantz makesa soundnot found in Sinhala or Tamil, t , is so u n d e dwith vo ice b u t s o u n d c 5 14 j It is lik e t h e (v lbrat ion i n t h e t h r o a t ) .

t pd

,.I

Irabs Frogs ls As His

7ip

Haze

Zeal

Zone

Zinc

Doze

Zest

Zoom

Booze

Gaze

Daze

Glaze

Size

Sneeze

Snooze

Maze

Prize

Breeze

Freeze

0zone

The letter 5 also makesthe samesoundoften, This voiced S soundis never founcl i n uords that begin with s . I n other places the soundthe S makesneedsto be learnt by practice. Thes is voicedln all thesewords. 15

Theconsonant x is usually sounded like ! ands together.

0x Fix Tax Flax Ji nx Ioxtc

Sometimes,especially yhen it occurs after the letter 9, an d is followecl by a vowel, I is soundedlike g and z together"

Exam Exist Exact Exile Exult

(4) is longerthan sound(4)" Sound This is usuallyfoundwhene is followedby r. t{hen these tyo letters comeat the end of a word, the sound is usua'lly the shor.t sound (4) as vle have seen before.

t)iltltz,

Fern Jerk Stern Term

This samesoundis also foundwith a numberof other vowels whenfollowed by r. Thesehaveto be I earnt,

Curl Fi rm Fir

Pearl Hurl

Heard

Curd

Furl

World

Learn First Bi r d Word Girt

So far th has always been soundedas C It can also be soundecl like tl) This is usually the casewhenth endsthe word. Path Bath

Pith

Teeth

Kith Death

Mouth

Cloth Tooth

Breath

Bi rth

Froth

Fi rth

Moth

In the rest of the wordson this Pagethe voiced th sound(Q)is found. In the wordson this pagethe letter e whenit comesat the end of a vlord, is not sounded.

Fath er Mother Brother

In Tamil, the letter g; is used for both these sounds.The voiced â&#x201A;Ź sound is the one

wehearfor instancewheng occurs by itself after another consonant.The unvoicedt5) sound is the one whenF 5 occurs after anotherconsonant.

Breathe Clothe Heather Weather

r Feathe

Armawentto marketwith her basket

la. umbrel

The f ox tries to get the cheesefrom the bird. ;l

Annatook Malli to gazeat the turtles in the zoo. I I

green The herd of cowsgraze in the shade,on the fresh grass.

l,bre sentencesfor practlce

A mouthlooks nice vlth well brushedteeth.

-t-

Thegirl vith curls sneezesafter shegot uet..

--_-____

Six boxesare pitedon the cart the ox drags. The teacher helps the .children have fun ancl learn uith this book.

Thesound(7) is longerthan sound(7). Thts soundis often madeby or whereas before the I not sounded.

Corn

Morn

Torn

Shorn

Born

Storm

Cord

Scorn

Lord

Border Horse

Corded

Stork

Fork Cork

Gorse Morse

Ir*.i

This sound(7) canalso be madeby manyother combinations. Thesewordshaveto be learnt.

Drawn Dawn

Jaw

Sawn

Fawn

Stal

BaII

Prawn

SaIt

Bald Brawl

Cause

Bawl

Pawn

Becauseit sometimeshelps vowels to make a different itself, U is called a semisound,while not being sounded vowel. You can see that the letter U often helps vowels to make longer soundswhen it comesafter them. This happenswith several other soundstoo. U in such words is not sounded.

Tatk Watk Att Fatt Tatt 22

The 'letter y is a lso a semi-vouel.It can be used as a vowel or d consonant.WheniL is a consonantit sounds like ea/w I Yawn Yel I ow

Yet

YelI

Yen

Yams

-tr{hen it js a vowelit usually soundslike sound(5).

Spy

cry My By

Tvpe i

h il I

Dry

Ftv Try Fry Skv

shy

Soretlmeswhenyou have tuo consonantstogether only one of them is sounded.A lot of coilmonwords begin wlth yh whereonly the w ls souncled.

,A Fl

,-R-

WheeI

I{hlle

whlt When

lfhether Ulhite

Which

}{hip Hhiz

Whate

There are a fen words in which the U rather than the h is silen t. The most coilmonof these is basedon the word who uhere the vowelsoundis sound(10).

}{hoever

Who Whose Whom Whote

Wholeusessound(8).

Ite also find a silent w in wordstnat begin with wr'

t{rote }|rath I'lrest t'lrap lt|ri nkle tilriggle

Wreck

I tl

il il

g. It ls The last letter to learn is the queer letter like alwaysusedulth the letter u and is usually sounded k andu together.

Ouilt

1 0ue1

0uest

Sgueeze

Ouack

Squeal

Squirt

Quit squint

Ouick

0uitt

Squirrel

One more conssnant sound hre should soundmade learn is the eS/ I by the. Ietter g. These words have to be learnt.

Germ Giant Gist

Giraffe

General Gentle

Page t',age Sage

Theletter E can sometimes makesound(2) by itself. Event Return Decide Deprive Decli ne oO(C q"3

OEse

Depend

eefiQa'

Defy

_ --o --e d td e " ts rd d â&#x201A;Ź Q c G â&#x201A;Ź i

Repty Because Be g in Be hind

Refer

Report

Redeem

Recite

Remind

Pretend

Remember

Prefer

Recent

Prevent 27

Thevowelso anda togethermakesound(8).

Goad

Coat

Toad

Float

Foam

Moat Foal Goal

Boast Toast Roast

Boat Dr a in PaiI FraiI

The vowelsa ancli together makesound(6).

Vain Strain

TaiI Mail

Train

GaiI Brain Main

spain

Paint

Pain

Faint

Store Bore Fore Tore

Ti re

More Wore Sometimes the letter r, whenit is used betweentwo vowels that together makeup one sound, is not itself sounded. Thereare various slight changesin the soundsmadeby the vowels.t{e can see this in sounds(5), (6) and (8). S'ince the changesare different from eachother, these soundsneed to be learnt by practice.

Fare

Stare

Ifare

Tare

Care

Bare

Spare 29

for Practice Sentences

Thestorks fly acrossthe clouclysky.

^M :r ffi | 2r4<u^

\\.. \---.\ Ir \l 1l

'/,'

Ihe quickquaits escaPef rom the greedYf ox,

The smalt goat whichate the Paint feels ill. Malli helps Thathawhile he fixes the vheel'

for practice Moresentences

ffi Yi/

Ihe gentle giraffe b e n d sh i s n ec k to eat the gr een mangofro m the ground. Theboat sails swiftlY on the calmriver. il ll

1 I

Thewormwriggles homewhile the birds sleep. Nowwe must finel another bookto read.

II I I

,i.'.

NOTEFORTEACHERS This book is a continuationof Fun ln|ithSoundswhich'introduced 9 vow el soundsand 15 consonants.In this book t/e comeacr0ss 3 more vowel sounds, namelythe long sounds00, tE and 0u. The longer versions of 4 of these 12 main vo\^/el soundsare al so introduced. The balance 6 consonantsare also presentedand jt i s shournthat Y and l'l are useclto mal<evot,/el soundstoo. I n addition, a numberof double consonantsounclsare includecl.The principles on r,lhichsounclsanclworcisare 'introducedhere fol lows thoseenunciatedin the llote For Teachers'inthe earlier book. Because of the nlanyjnconsjstenc'i.es in tngljsh pronunc-iation there great is a deal moreto be learnt. Horuever these 2 hookstogether shouldbe sufficient for studentsto he ai:rleto use the language urith confidence. I t i s only througlr such usage that f urther subtlet'ies of pronunc'iati on w1I I ceaseto confuse and that s turlents will developthe abiljty to treat the language as a friencj. To thi s end b/e have i ntroclucerl a numberof practice sentences but, as prevjously, \^/euFgeteachersanclstudentsto makeup nany more, It 'is not essential to knovrthe riean.ings of all the rvords gi ven for practice i n the book. By making up the'ir o\,/ne xampl es too v;jth the vocabularythey knol, stucJents r^rill be able to develop t,hejr understancljng as vrell as th'ejr Dronuncjation.For this purposethey should be encouraged to makeconnectionsbetween thi s book, and any others they read, j n part.icular school textbooks. The booksi n th j s serj es are 'intendedas supplenrentary or suptt,ort niaterjal and teachers should therefore try to transpose the teachingmethodsintroducedhere to more familiar material also. A skjlful use of different materials alwaysappealsto students, and that wh'ichis available in this series shouldmakethe Drocess of I earning muchm0reenjoyabl e. After al I that -is the prjmary aim of th'is series, that r,vhatseemsunfami I iar should entertain and thereforebe moreread'ily pursued. N.H.

I-? ti,