LUKE DOUGAL
ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
Luke I. Dougal Austin E. Knowlton School Of Architecture The Ohio State University B.S in Architecture|2014 Masters in Architecture|2016
Dougal.3@osu.edu 585-749-7327 207 W. 8th Ave Columbus OH 43201
Stortorget Square/Urban Fabric - Stockholm
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 01
Medial Diffusion
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Two To Tango
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Sustainable Connections
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Studio|Jesuit University of East Africa
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Competition|School of Architecture / Museum
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Studio|Sustainable Aquaponic System
p.20
ated flex
Studio|Installation p.28
Campus Housing
Studio|Dormitory for Case Western University
p.34
Cant Stop Wont Stop City
p.38
Honors Research Studio|Global Research
Tetris3
Travel
Comprehensive Studio|Mixed Use Housing/Retail
Study Abroad|European Studies
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p.54
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MEDIAL DIFFUSION Kaijado, Kenya Jesuit University of East Africa G2|Spring 2015 Instuctor|Ann Pendleton-Jullian Collaborators - Tyler Brozovich
The Jesuit University of East Africa is sited on 1100 acres of open sanvanna in Kaijado, Kenya close to the boarder of Tanzania. The project aims to be an emergent system creating a gradient of social heirarchy operating at 4 different scales. The overal site strategy was to build along the river on the western edge. The entry sequence is made up of more public programs like the sports stadiums, library, fitness center and art museum while private programs extend down the river. Formally the educational buildings take the shape of an “S�. This adaptation of the typical palazzo allows for the educational and social parts of the program to each have their own courtyard while maintaining a unique bond encouraging the mixing of programmatic elements. This is further emphasized by the housing which branches off of the various schools extending their roots into the savanna. This not only gives a gradient of public to private but also the sense of an urban condition to a pastoral situation, familer to the local population and the surrounding Maasai people. 6
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[ABOVE]- The formal strategy for the educational buildings was a split palazzo, shifted and then connected, forming an “S” shape. This allowed for the joining of the educational building with a key social component while allowing each to maintain their own courtyard.
Site Plan Scale: 1” = 250’
Component Plan Scale: 1” = 64’
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Residential
Nucleus - Learning Center Membrane - Residence Rooms College Nucleus - Student Centers
College
Nucleus Membrane Campus Nucleus Residential Nucleus -
Conference Rooms Lecture / Office Library / Tech Center Residential
Campus
Nucleus Membrane Global Nucleus College Nucleus -
Learning / Athletic Security Infrastructure Multicultural Centers College
Global
Nucleus - Learning / Athletic Membrane - Security Infrastructure Campus Nucleus - Campus
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[LEFT]- The program operates at 4 different scales, each creating necessary programatic connections. These connections encourage a distribution of key programatic elements throughout the campus.
LIBRARY ATHLETIC STUDENT CENTER MULTICULTURAL CENTER
[RIGHT ABOVE]- The diagram highlights the distribution of various programs throughout the site plan. [RIGHT BELOW]- A gradient of public to private was used to maintain a sense of the pastoral nature of the local Maasai people.
PUBLIC SEMI PUBLIC PRIVATE/SAVANNA
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TWO TO TANGO Buenos Aires, Argentina GUI Competition UG4|Autumn 2013 Instuctor|Isabela Gould
The site for the project is a long narrow site located on the dique, the port to Buenos Aires. It is bordered on one side by Puerto Madero, the new up and coming area of the city and on the other side by Monserrat, the old city center and historical part of Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires is a city that is deeply rooted in culture, and is the birthplace of the Tango, a dance that ties all parts of the city together. The program for the project was an architecture school and museum, to serve the city and nearby campus area. The goal of the project was to highlight the present dichotomies, contextually (Puerto Madero vs. Monserrat), culturally (male vs. female in the Tango) and programmatically (architecture school vs. museum) and have the school and museum embody this opposition, engaging in its own “dance�. The dance happens a variety of ways, through use of material, formally, and spatially. An analysis of the Tango dance was done, looking at the relationship of two bodies in motion and using those to inform programmatic and formal decisions. The building culminates in the central space where the ramp systems for each of the projects engage in their own dance, setting up views of the project and the city and highlight the dialogue between the opposing dichotomies.
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[LEFT]- The first dance to introduce the
[ABOVE]- The diagram illustrates the
idea of improvisation was the Tango. The diagram is an abstraction of the steps of the Tango, taking a regular system and introducing moments of improvisation. This idea of improvisation takes place throughout the project.
influence of Tango throughout the city, by mapping the Tango bars present in Buenos Aires it is clear that Tango is the common thread, tying the city together.
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[TOP LEFT]- The diagram shows the analysis of bodies in motion in the Tango dance. [1] A moment of improvisation [2] A “break” in the normal sidedness of male and female, where the leg presents itself on the other side, [3] An overlapping condition, introducing a “shared space” between the two opposing sides.
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[RIGHT]- The diagram illustrates the dichotomies present, contextually, culturally, and programmatically
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SUSTAINABLE CONNECTIONS Columbus, OH Olde Town East, Trolley Barn UG3|Spring 2013 Instuctor|Sam Rosenthal Collaborators - Julie Klosterman, Nick Castillo, Lariissa Stauffer
The Trolley Barn complex is made up of nine masonry buildings dating from the 1890’s on, located on a gently sloping site in central Columbus. The aim for this adaptive reuse project was to retain as much of the existing structures as possible while creatively transforming the site into a sustainable network of programs. Through researching various models of ecosystems and self-contained networks, we settled on a set of programs that connect to one another, enhance the functions of each other, and create a self-sustaining network within our site. Combining the systems of aquaculture and hydroponics, we created a continuous loop of waste processing and nutrient production. This system is enhanced by an engineered wetland to filter waste water and an on site restaurant supplied by the fish and produce from our site to feed area residents. The site can sustain production of fish and produce for export to local grocery stores, connecting the site to the Columbus area. 20
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Vegetables for R est au ra nt
Re st au ra nt
s Event r to we Po
to
ce
Po w er
s om stro to Re Power
nts ve rE fo
sh Fi
d
use nho ee Gr
W et la n
to Fis h
Heat to Fish
Waste to Converter
t ran tau Res o t Fish
Sp a
d Waste Water to Wetlan
[ABOVE]- The diagram shows the network of connections present on the site, making a closed loop, self sustaining system. [BELOW]- The gently sloping site supports the aquaponics system in which water is circulated, primarily via gravity, between the fishery, wetland and greenhouse.
Hydroponics
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Cle an Wa Fis ter t hW o Fish aste to We tland
to er w
Power
er w Po
H ea tt o
es Offic r to e w Po Ru no ff W at er to
Po
KELTON AVENUE
P
Engineered Wetland
Aquaculture
Hydroponics OAK STREET
Water Flow Diagram
Engineered Wetland Aquaculture
Gravity Fed Water Lines Pressure Fed Water Lines
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Using the existing buildings as a base, we situated the fishery and greenhouses in the largest existing buildings on the east and west ends of the site, with supporting programs in the central buildings. The buildings divide the site into two main exterior courtyards, one housing the engineered wetland and the other an outdoor event space. Connections are formed from program to program through a series of paths, which cut through the outdoor spaces and connect specific programs to one another. The addition of a welcome center and a bar of classrooms and labs tie together the old buildings.
Green House
The topography of the gently sloping site provides the perfect opportunity for an outdoor amphitheater, as well as the necessary level change for the engineered wetland. To support both of these programs, a system of terracing permeates the outdoor spaces, and connects to the interior terracing in the greenhouse and labs.
UP
ection Through Amphitheater
ongitudinal Section Through Greenhouse
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Ground Floor Plan
P
Cold Room
Wetland Storage
Mechanical
Kitchen
Production Space
Outdoor Seating DN
Restaurant
Event Seating
Growout Tanks
Performance Stage
Shipping
DN
Wetland
Growout Tanks UP
Welcome Center
Aquaculture Event Space
UP
Classroom UP
DN
Nursery
UP
Laboratory
Green House
Offices
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Rendering done in conjunction with Nick Cas-
ated flex Knowlton School of Architecture Installation UG2|Spring 2012 Instructor |Sandhya Kochar Collaborators - Fran Rivas, Garrett Bunting, Rob Smith-Waters
The aim of the installation was to take the inherent properties of a material and through the process of its fabrication make it behave like a material of a different quality. FABRICated Flex harnesses the natural rigidity of wood in a popsicle stick and uses its behavior in an unsuspecting manner, in this instance behaving like a piece a thread, woven together to construct a FABRIC. The creation of a simple flexible joint was achieved by small wooden dowels that secured popsicle sticks together through pre-drilled holes at each end. A hexagonal shape allowed for multiple connection points between sticks and the ability to expand and contort the surface. The new surface produced dynamic screens that stimulate interaction with the human body. Each screen is meant to be moved, pushed, and reformed based on the user’s preference and flexibility. All of the screens were constructed in an identical manner, with the diversity between each screen being dependent on its attachment points to the frame. In order to move through all five screens, one must physically distort the geometry of the screen and adjust their body accordingly. Accounting for a range of flexibility levels between people, there are two penetrable areas within each screen: one for those with a high level of flexibility and one for those with lower level. FABRICated Flex harnesses the natural rigidity of wood and uses it in a unique way to create a versatile flexible surface. 28
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[ABOVE]- A rig was developed to drill multiple popsicle sticks at a time and make the fabrication more time efficent.
[BELOW]- The diagram illustrates the connection pieces that were made to attach the screens to the frame.
[ABOVE]- The diagram shows the various movements of each screen. The first column representing the sationary position of each screen, the second showing the first movement, and the third showing the second movement or movement requiring increased flexiblity.
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Diagrams done by Rob Smith-Waters
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[LEFT]- A templete was created to construct the 18 23
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screens in a uniform and time efficent manner.
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A B C
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A
[ABOVE]- The diagram shows how the screens were put together, each color representing a layer of popsicle sticks.
B
C
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CAMPUS HOUSING Cleveland, OH Case Western Reserve University UG3|Autumn 2012 Instuctor |Kristy Balliet
The campus housing project for Case Western Reserve University is centrally located on campus. The aim of the project was to unite the campus, not only through geographic location but also through programmatic and architectural function. Architecturally the dormitory is a large box that is intersected by 3 separate “tubes�, each with a different function. The tubes vary in proximity to each other as they ascend the building vertically, in turn creating different spatial arrangements on each floor. The first tube can be seen on the exterior of the envelope, hinting at an opposing condition inside, its programmatic function is graduate housing. The second tube is not occupy-able but continuous throughout, becoming a light cannon to bring natural light into all floors of the building. The third and final tube functions as double height study spaces serving two floors. The two occupy-able tubes break apart in the middle creating large public spaces in the center of the building. The Cafe and Gym become central in the building to not only serve the residents of the building but also the campus as a whole, providing views of the university from above. At the base of the building the envelope opens up to an atrium , providing students with a shortcut on the way to class. The campus housing project becomes a symbol for the university as a whole, architecturally experimenting with objects of different geometries embedded within one another to create varying spatial relationships while serving the necessary programmatic functions. 35
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[LEFT]- The diagram shows how the varying proximities of the tubes create a variety of spaces as they ascend vertically throughout the building. [1] The closeness of the tubes makes a bow tie shaped space. The bow tie shaped space naturally divides itself into two different sized spaces. [2] The resultant space becomes a much smaller intimate space. [3] As the tubes separate the in-between space becomes larger and a more unified community space. [4/5] As the tubes further separate the space becomes so large that it splits apart and becomes two smaller spaces once again.
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CANT STOP WONT STOP CITY Location: Global Equator UG4|Spring 2014 Instuctor |Lisa Tilder Collaborators - Jay Herman Meredith Garda, Jose Navarette
The Honors Research studio thematically called for a deeper look/expansion of a project done in the mid-late 20th century. Our team decided to expand upon Archizooms “No Stop City” from 1969 which took Modernism to its limits, in conjunction with Rem Koolhaus essay “Junkspace”. Our aim was to once again take Modernism to its limits through the lense of the “Junkspace”essay, which describes various programs that are in a cookie cutter sense architecturally deployed creating miserable space to inhabit. The synthesis of these two works creates a crass model of Earth, where uninterrupted “Junkspace” has created an almost uninhabitable planet. Endless vacant shopping malls, offices, restaurants, etc, so in an effort to save humanity, and stop the sprawl of “Junkspace” we must relocate Earths population to a contained environment, an equatorial global city. Lines of Longitude were used to determine population distribution in the global city, along with designated strips of program distribution e.g. the airport strip, the restaurant strip, the housing strip, etc, isolating each program in order to control there spread. In densly populated areas towers form, where each level of the tower is one sqaure mile and becomes a different program e.g. the airport floor, the restaurant floor, etc. effectively creating a city within each tower.
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[ABOVE]- Map showing the longitudinal redistribution of Earths most populous cities to the Equator.
ZOOM: 1 X 5000
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ZOOM: 1 X 10000
[POPULATION GROWTH]- As the popluation expands the cities with grow higher and wider along the equator eventually creating a global city.
ZOOM: 1 X 1000
ZOOM: 1 X 100
ZOOM: 1 X 10
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[ABOVE]- Model representing the equatorial city, with the strips of programs inbetween the cities.
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[ABOVE]- Model representing the global redistribution of Earths population.
[NEAR RIGHT]- section of one of the towers, showing how each floor is designated to a certain program, creating a city within each tower.
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TETRIS3 Columbus, OH Grey Hound Bus Station G2|Fall 2014 Instuctor |Rob Livesey, Bart Overly Collaborators - Nick Castillo, Bobby Hintz
This project for Comprehensive studio called for mixed use program occupying an entire city block of downtown Columbus. Program requirements included housing, retail, commercial and a grocery store. Our approach to this project was through the development of 3 equally sized modules in the shape of an L, T, and Z. The use of these 3 shapes allowed for a large variety of spacial combinations that pertained to each aspect of the program. Vertical elements of the project became our residential towers while the corresponding horizontal aspects became ammenity spaces, retail and grocery. Also developed was a sectional system of distribution of the floors within each 30’ module allowing us flexibility with the floor plates depending on what the program called for. Structurally the buildings were made up of a steel cross bracing system which allowed up freedom on the facade to clad it in a similar system as our original modules. Cladding was based on orientation, so that the North and South sides were largely transparent with horizontal sun shading and the East and West sides are largely opaque. On each horizontal roof is a garden. The quality of garden changes depending on altitude, so that higher gardens are more arid and lower gardens are more lush. Through this we developed a water collection and retention system. The module system of L’s T’s and Z’s is deployed at all scales creating a wide variety of spaces suitable to all aspects of the program at all scales.
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A R C H I T E C T S
T
11 Colu
A’
DRAWN BY:
Robert Hintz SCALE:
1/32” = 1’-0” DATE:
OUTH ELEVATION. CALE: 1/64” = 1’-0”
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NOTES:
A
1
LEVEL 7 PLAN. SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
2
LEVEL 1. SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
LEVEL 16 PLAN.
12/04/2014 2 SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
2
EAST ELEVATION. SCALE: 1/64” = 1’-0”
3
NORTH ELEVATION. SCALE: 1/64” = 1’-0”
GROUND LEVEL GARDEN
DRAWING TITLE:
4
WEST ELEVATION. SCALE: 1/64” = 1’-0”
Plans, Level 1, Parking DRAWING NO:
A1
SECTION A. SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
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SECTION B. SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
T
[LEVEL 16 ROOF GARDEN]- The roof garden is placed adjacent to the ammenities bar, creating an enjoyable public space for all residence.
TETRIS3 TETRIS3 : COMPOSITION
TETRIS TETRIS3 3: DIAGRAMS
COMPOSITION CASTILLO / DOUGAL / HINTZ
TETRIS COMPOSITION TETRIS3: CASTILLO / DOUGAL / HINTZ
TETRIS3 TETRIS3 : COMPOSITION
LTZ UNITS
LTZ UNITS
3
AGGREGATE
AGGREGATE
TRANSFORMATION
DIAGRAMS
PLINTH / ROOF GARDENS
ROOF GARDEN
PLINTH / ROOF GARDENS
LTZ UNITS
CONTINUOUS 10’ FLOOR SPACING
AGGREGATE
OFFSET 5’ x 10’ x 10’ x 5’ FLOOR SPACING
OFFSET 5’ x 10’ x 10’ x 5’ FLOOR SPACING
CASTILLO / DOUGAL / HINTZ DIAGRAMS
TOWER
TOWER TOWER
AGGREGATE
AGGREGATE AGGREGATE
TRANSFORMATION
5’ RECESSED ROOF GARDEN
[ABOVE]- Diagram representing the section system CONTINUOUS 10’ FLOOR SPACING
CASTILLO / DOUGAL / HIN DIAGRAM
of floor distribution giving variety depending on each program
5’ RECESSED ROOF GARDEN
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ONE ONE BEDROOM BEDROOM ROOM ROOM UNIT UNIT 11 SCALE: SCALE: 1/8” 1/8” = 1’-0” = 1’-0”
INTERIOR INTERIOR ELEVATION ELEVATION SCALE: SCALE: 1/2” 1/2” = 1’-0” = 1’-0”
NTERIOR INTERIOR ELEVATION ELEVATION SCALE: SCALE: 1/4” 1/4” = 1’-0” = 1’-0”
HARDWOOD FLOORING TRIPLE PLANE GLASS, ARGON FILLED 2” x 5” WINDOW MULLION
STUDIO APARTMENT ONE BEDROOM ROOM UNIT 1
4” POST TENSION CONCRETE FLOOR
SCALE: 1/8” = 1’-0”
5/8” GYPSUM WALLBOARD, CEILINGS ONLY #5 POST TENSION REBAR TWO TWO BEDROOM BEDROOM ROOM ROOM UNIT UNIT 22 SCALE: SCALE: 1/8” 1/8” = 1’-0” = 1’-0”
SOUND DAMPENING INSULATION
LOUVERS
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2 BEDROOM APARTMENT
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[ABOVE]- Cladding system detail
THREE THREE BEDROOM BEDROOM ROOM ROOM UNIT UNIT 33 SCALE: SCALE: 1/8” 1/8” = 1’-0” = 1’-0”
ESTCODE
W14 X 500 WIDE FLANGE BEAM
INTERIOR ELEVATION SCALE: 1/4” = 1’-0”
3 BEDROOM APARTMENT
ESTCODE
POLYURETHATNE FOAM WALL INSULATION, R VALUE OF 6 PER INCH OR GREATER, R-21 MIN.
INTERIOR INTERIOR ELEVATION ELEVATION 44 SCALE: SCALE: 1/2” 1/2” = 1’-0” = 1’-0”
½” GYPSUM WALLBOARD
INTERIOR ELEVATION SCALE: 1/2” = 1’-0”
1
[ABOVE]Structural system detail STRUCTURE AXON.
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TETRIS3
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FACADE
FILTER
COLLECTION TANK
111 E Town St. Columbus, OH 43
UPPER GARDENS
TETRIS3
PAVING
A R C H I T E C T S
PIPING
MID GARDENS
PLANTINGS FILTER COLLECTION TANK
NOTES:
PIPING
LOWER GARDENS WETLANDS PLANTINGS / WATER
BIO SOIL LAYER FILTER
PEA GRAVEL
DRAWN BY: GROUND LEVEL
Nickolas Castillo
PIPING
SCALE:
VARIES MECHANICAL
DATE:
12/04/2014
OVERFLOW STORM WATER OVERFLOW COLLECTOR
DRAWING TITLE:
TECHNICS FILTRATION / PURIFICATION
[LEFT]- Water retention/collection system DRAWING NO:
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TRAVEL European Study Abroad UG3|G3 Summer 2012|2015 Instuctor |Jackie Gargus Students travel across Europe engaging in discussions and presentations about architecture and art previously learned about in architecture history class. A large part of the trip is also sketching the bulidings studied and understanding light, shadow and perspective. A thorough understanding of history and various styles help students gain a better understanding of architecture as a whole. Cities highlighted in the two trips were Helsinki, Stockholm, Copenhagen, London, Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam, Cologne, Frankfurt, Berlin, Basel, Munich, Venice, and Vienna.
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Neuschwanstein Castle - Schwangau
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Bath Abbey - Bath
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Salisbury Cathedral - Salisbury
Abbey of la Madaleine - Vezelay
Sens Cathedral - Sens
Notre-Dame de Paris - Paris
Beauvais Cathedral - Beauvais
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Amiens Cathedral - Amiens
Cologne Cathedral - Cologne
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St. Pauls Cathedral - London
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Maison Louis Carre - Bazoches-Sur-Guyonne
Villa Savoye - Poissy
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Sainte Marie de la Tourette - Eveux
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SchrĂ–der House - Utrecht
Bibliotheque Ste-Genevieve - Paris
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Charles Bridge - Prague
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Piazza San Marco - Venice
San Giorgio Maggiore - Venice
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Parliament - Budapest
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