LULU LE LI
2012-2013
UNIT 22 Izaskun Chinchilla, Carlos Jimenez
EXERCISE
1
THREE DWELLINGS
DWELLING 1
- TREE DWELLING -
DWELLING 2
- CHOCOLATE DWELLING -
DWELLING 3
- CHIMNEY DWELLING -
DWELLING 1
- TREE DWELLING -
BOOK CACHE HUT An invitation for adventure | China, Beijing
CHINA, BEIJING
BEIJING, HONGTONG
- CULTURAL INFORMATION Hutongs are a traditional form of architecture in Beijing that once dominated the city, but are now found mostly near the Forbidden City in the heart of the Chinese capital. China’s economic boom, as well as the decaying nature of many of the structures, have made the hutongs, with their central location, prime candidates for destruction. A hutong is actually an alley, however the meaning is much greater than a physical space. In Beijing, and China, it kind of refers to a way of life, almost a communal atmosphere.
TYPICAL HUTONG LAYOUT
TYPICAL SITE CONDITION
KEY ELEMENTS ON SITE
BEIJING HUTONG PLAN
Chinese scholar tree
SITE SUMMER
Relatively dry and a lot of shade provided by the tree.
The most commen tree type in Beijing, usually between 6 to 25 meters tall.
aerial view
TRADITIONAL COURTYARD HOUSE Existing structure and construction
typical main street
SITE WINTER
Very dry winter and plenty of winter sun.
typical small street
- SITE INFORMATION Hutong layout has a lot of repetition and similarities. Hutong are a type of narrow streets or alleys. They are formed by lines of siheyuan, traditional courtyard residences. Many neighbourhoods were formed by joining one siheyuan to another to form a hutong, and then joining one hutong to another. The word hutong is also used to refer to such neighbourhoods.
traditional hutong activities
CURRENT HUTONG CONDITION
Enjoyed by people from different ages
Under protection or demolition, tourist area, left only with elderly
- PROGRAM AND CONCEPT BOOK CACHE HUT
Adventure | Culture | Secrecy | Roofscape | Fun | Site specific • • • • •
A book cache hut encourage young people to share and exchange books Reintroduce the disappearing Hutong activities A secret space sit within the hutong labyrinth Bring back the roofscape adventure which used to be enjoyed by the youth Site specific design respond to existing architecture and nature
THE BOOK CACHES The concept of bookcrossing with geocaching, about share, exchange and surprise
3D LASER SCANNER
ARCHITECTURE 3D SCANNING
ARCHITECTURE MID-RANGE SCANNING
- ARCHITECTURE 3D SURVEYING The relatively new technology of 3D imaging and laser scanning is used to record an accurate existing site condition, which will later be used in the book cache hut form finding, so the design of the book cache can successfully avoid clashing with the tree brunches and other elements on the existing site. About 3D laser scanning: 3D imaging and laser scanning is essentially the rapid capture of three-dimensional data using laser beam signals relected from an object or surface. The latest 3D scanner is able to capture data at a rate of up to 1milion points per second. The 360 x 320 degree field of view allows very dense point clouds, comprising of literally milions of co-ordinated points, to be created within minutes.
CLOSE-RANGE SCANNING
TYPICAL SECTION DIAGRAMME
The study of the form, modular system and design response to the tree structure and the existing architecture
FORM TESTING
3D computer model testing the initial form and relationship to the existing site condition
- GEOMETRICAL RESOLUTION The design of the book cache hut has different response to Nature and the Existing Architecture. A more precise and specific form is used at the top half to respond to the complicated surrounding tree structure. Bigger modulers and simpler geometry is applied to the bottom half to respond to the relatively flat existing roof structure.
PRIMARY STRUCTURE DIAGRAM
STRUCTURE reference
Exploded structure diagram showing the key connections and key joints between primary elements
structure reference
Swallowtail Chrysalis supported from the tree by a silk string
Tension rod, Tensile structure, Floor joist hanger system
plan view
Rigid sectional cross ribs to maintain the overall shape under tensile force
sectional view
The holes left on the top of the ribs allows metalic cables to be connected through and tie the structure to the tree trunk
- SUSPENDED STRUCTUER In order to respect and protect the existing structure of the traditional courtyard house, the hanging Swallowtail Chrysalis is used as a structural reference to suspend the book cache hut from the adjacent tree. Therefore, the weight of the structure would be supported by the tree rather than the courtyard house, to form an independent and seemingly floating structure.
force diagramme
A triangular balance between the tensile forces and the compressional forces
CORK FLOOR_exterior
CORK FLOOR_interior
Slightly charred cork resembles the idea of nantural tree bark (Physical model scale 1:20)
The natural softness and non-slip property made cork ideal for the floor surface without addtional finish (Physical model scale 1:20)
cork harvest
cork SEASONing
Boiling process
Cross section of cork oak tree
Cork after curing process and ready for processing
Cork planks being boiled, softened and cleaned
Natual corks The best quality planks are chosing to make top-quality natural corks
Serpentine Gallery Cork landscape
Agglomerated cork
cork casting
GRINDING PROCESS
The desired shape are produced using the large scale floor mould
Adhesive agent are mixed with cork granules to reach the desired quality
The remain cork barks are grinded to granules for making agglomerate
Serpentine Gallery Cork floor and furniture
CORK FURNITURE Cork sofa
- CORK FLOOR AND PRODUCTION PROCESS Moulded/cast cork is used for the floor system, for: • Its balance between flexibility and structural ability. • It is super light weight, eco-friendly, waterproof and also fire retardant. • Its natural softness and non-slip surface made it ideal for the floor system without any addtional finish. • An effective insulation material for both temperature and noise. Agglomerated cork can be moulded into almost any shape and by using different binders and cork granules, the moulded cork products can have a wide variety or properties, it is made to be hard-wearing in this case.
cork interior
Cork ceiling and cladding
Spring/autumn • Typical environment condition: Rain, some leaves on the tree • Sealed roof stops rain from getting in • Transparent roof cover allows natural lighting
summer
winter
• Typical environment condition: very hot, some wind, lots of leaves on the tree • Roof window allows natural ventilation • Transparent roof cover allows natural lighting • Leaves on the tree provide natural shading avoid over heating
• Typical environment condition: very dry, very windy, some snow, very cold • Sealed roof stops wind from getting in • Transparent roof cover allows natural lighting • No leaves on the tree allows max sunlight
Roof/wall system_exterior
Hollowed pinewood prism modular system are used for both the roof and wall system (Physical model scale 1:20)
d
d b
c c
b
a
Roof/wall system_interior
Hollowed pinewood prism allows the potential for natural lighting and ventilation (Physical model scale 1:20)
Hoshakuji Station
Reference of the undulating ceiling
a
folded prism
The four continours piano hinges (two at internal corners and two at external corners) allow the prism to be folded during transportation
detail sketch
The initial prism connection detail
piano hinge
wedgelock
Each prism has holes on two sides and wedges on two sides, which allow them to be connected and locked to each other based on the designed position
Allow prisms to fold during transport
transparent perspex For the roof cover
- MODULAR PRISM SYSTEM AND CONNECTION DETAIL In order to reduce the overall weight of the book cache, hollowed pinewood prism are used for both the roof and wall system. The prisms are connected and suspended from each other with wedges, creating a varied spatial experience. The prisms are generally short in the centre to create a lofty space, and the ceiling drops at the edges turning into walls to create an intimate enclosure.
top window
Some of the prims have hinged window allowing them to be opened for natural ventilation. Others have fixed transparent top cover allow for nantural lighting
local pine planks Materials for the prisms
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
USE AND ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
• The 400mm*400mm modular system of the floor and book storages are designed to serve the reading related activities based on the size of the human figures • The 200mm*200mm modular system of the ceiling and walls are designed for both artificial and natural lighting
- PERSPECTIVE SECTION AND INHABITATION The book cache hut is designed and contructed with both fixed and movable modulars that allow users to configure and modify the space according to the reading related activities. Fixed modules: 400*400 cork floors, 200*200 roof and wall prisms Movable modules: 400*400 book storages
stability
The triangular force diagram formed by a,b,c,d keep the hut stable vertically. But additional pulling force “e” is needed to stop the hut from swinging horizontally in the case of strong wind.
a b c
reinforcement
Similar idea to the reinforced concrete, in order to strengthen the cast cork floor, reinforcement bar/ mesh could be added during the cork molding process.
tree a
b
c
e
d
book cache hut
e diagrammatic plan
reinforcement bar
- FUTURE SPECULATION AND IMPROVEMENT -
In order to revitalise the Hutong area and bring back the fun of the roofscape adventure, mutiple book cache huts will be designed and installed to a number of chosen sites. The book cache hut will become an icon in the Hutong, ecouraging the love of nature, the love of sharing and the love of culture. After completing the design and the model, a self-ciriticism was done, resulting a few further improvement and questions to be considered.
Access
Potential issues with the access: Is it accessed by a ladder? Is there a conventional door? How does the “door” work?
DWELLING 2
- CHOCOLATE DWELLING -
KIMONO HOUSE The fabric architecture | Japan, Jiyugaoka
Japan, TOKYO
TOKYO, Jiyugaoka
- CULTURAL INFORMATION JIYUGAOKA is an artistic, commecial and residential neighborhood in Tokyo. There are many numbers of independent small shops and restuarants. With it’s fully developed commercial, educational and transportation system, Jiyugaoka is often considered as one of the most wanted place to live in Tokyo. Jiyugaoka is specially known for its numerous home improvement and clothing shops and its sunday afternoon feelings.
Jiyūgaoka site condision
KIMONO DESIGN
Very poetic and artistic site with everthing in intimate scales
Simplicity of structure but highly decorative
KIMONO HISTORY
KIMONO VENTILATION
The ides of wrapping and layering Ventilation is very important for Kimono design as most of the areas in Japan is warm and humid
KIMONO SILK
FABRIC QUALITY
- SITE AND PROGRAM THE KIMONO HOUSE
Fabric | Textile | Wrapping | Decorative art | Layering | Ventilation • Gottfried Semper’s “theory of clothing” and the notion of the textile origins of building • A kimono house reintroduce the traditional Japanese wooden structure and the folk art of Ukiyoe and kimono design. • An independent structure plays with the intimate site scale. • An architecture reflect the concept of Kimono: simplicity of structure but highly decorative and ornamentive
PATTERN DESIGN
- INITIAL IDEA AND FORM TESTING The design of the KIMONO HOUSE responds to the notion of the textile origins of building by “dressing� the house with ornamentive and textile-like facades. In order to reflects the concept of the kimono design, the wooden facades are designed to mimick the delicacy and lightness of the komono fabric; the thin veneers are used to express the layering effect of kimono and the translucency of the silk; also the idea of the ventilation in kimono design is fully coorperated in the design of the porous facade.
IDEA OF LAYERING
wooden structure + hanging kimono + thin wood veneer
IDEA OF SUSPENSION
The suspended structure allows a reaction to the potential earthquake and the elegant movement of the kimono ladies
IDEA OF VENTILATION
The porous wooden structure and thin wood veneer allows natural ventilation under the hot but humid weather condition
IDEA OF DYEING WOOD
The fabric wooden wall could potentially be dyed to match the kimono fabric print
- INITIAL IDEA AND ANALYSIS The design of the KIMONO HOUSE reflects the 4 main ideas of kimono design, which are: the simplicity of structure but highly ornamented and decorative the idea of the laying the idea of natural ventilation the idea of dyeing silk and fabric printing
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ELEMENTS
REPETITIONAL CURTAIN WALLS
WAVY SHADOW EFFECT
MODEL DETAILS
WOOD FABRIC WALL MODEL SCALE 1:20
TRADITIONAL WOOD JOINT
DIGITAL WOOD JOINT
FABRIC CAST CONCRETE
DIGITAL WOODEN STRUCTURE
- DIGITAL FABRICATION The design of the KIMONO HOUSE wants to find the potential links between the traditional wood joints and the digital fabrication. Computer 3d modelling and laser cutting have been used in the process of creating the “wood-silk” wall which mimicks the delicacy and lightness of the silk fabric but being structural at the same time. Traditional Japanese wood joints and digital fabrication of fabric related designs have been studies as references.
FABRIC PAPER SCULPTURE
i
c
DIAGRAMMATIC VOLUMNS FOR PROGRAMS f h
a
g
b
e d
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE FABRIC FALL
• • • • • • • • •
a. Shop front with display window b. Shop display area c. Tailoring space d. Fabric storage5555555 e. Changing room f. Workshop area g. Counter space h. Waiting area i. Toilets
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE FABRIC FALL
- FABRIC ENVOLOPE TEST In order to test the idea of wooden fabric structure on a larger scale, a computer model test is carried out to redefine the envolope structure of the Kimono house based on similar fabric principles. Form finding: • Computer simulation of the fabric strucutre formed by gravity • The idea of using a large kimono silk fabric to wraps around and covers the required volumns Result: The structure is too complicated to be realised and the large scale doesnt express the same delicate fabric quality.
INITIAL SKETCH AND TEST
- - KIMONO CHANGING ROOM - A test of a small sized, enclosed space formed by the “silk” wood structure. An architecture design responds to the idea of warping and Kimono ceremony.
DWELLING 3
- CHIMNEY DWELLING -
THE MAD TEA PARTY The fantasy tablescape | UK, London
United Kingdom, LONDON
LONDON, hyde park
- CULTURAL INFORMATION Hyde Park was originally created to satisfy the royal passion for hunting. But over the years it became a place where people have pursued many other pleasures. Hyde Park is one of London’s finest and largest park in central london. Over 7 million visitors visit Hyde Park each year. There’s something for everyone in Hyde Park, from swimming and boating in the Serpentine to concerts and exhibitions. The park has a lot of sites of interests and has been the venue for many famous events such as music concerts, shows and “winter Wdonerland” etc.
hyde park events
Hyde park has been the venue for major events, such as art shows,architecture festival, music concert and annual “winter Wonderland”.
THE MAD TEA PARTY
The mad tea party is a theme from “Alice in Wonderland”, a fantasy which plays with the logic and the scale of object.
THE ELEGANCY OF AFTERNOON TEA A combination of layout, teasets, presentation and creativity
THE IDEA OF ORIGAMI The spacial secret betwwen the folding and unfolding
- SITE AND PROGRAM THE MAD TEA PARTY
Fantasy | Scale | Origami | Temporary | Tablescape(landscape) | Operative • • • • •
Turn the tablescpae in ‘Alice in wonder land’ into landscape in the park Multiple tea sets intergrated together to form enclosed and open spaces The fold and unfold idea of the 3D origami The changing and flexible spaces plays with the scale and revealing A suggestive space that can be operated and configured by the users.
Diagrammatic plan
showing the idea of folding and overlapping, its sequence and direction
CARD MODEL TEST cake stand
enclosed and semi-open spaces revealed through the process of unfolding, the design of each “fan sleeve� changes to create varying spacial quality
unfolding sequence pencil sketch
- PLAN DIAGRAM The design of the MAD TEA PARTY learn the folding idea from the traditional origami, the transition between the 2D form and 3D form. The design plays with the scale of the teaset object, turning the tablescape into landscape. The intergrated tea houses allow people to operate and configure them according to different needs. The diagram above illustrades the main connections, ways and directions of the unfolding process.
fan pavilion the origami idea
b
a DIAGRAMMATIC PLAN
ELEVATIONAL SECTION a
THE sample TEASETS OBJECTS
ELEVATIONAL SECTION b
THE sample fan sleeves for the teaset objects The joint pieces and individual pieces
- DIAGRAMMATIC ANALYSIS The joint pieces between each teaset objects allow the series of structures to stay intergrated but can be reconfigured by the users. The varies densities of the fan sleeves for each object and their relationship to the ground level and existing trees allow the creation of different spatial qualities, such as enclosed spaces, semi-open spaces, sheltered spaces and open sinked spaces etc. The individual free pieces allows to be places around as mobile furnitures.
- PHYSICAL MODEL SCALE 1:20 The laser cut physical models aim to test the the transition between the 2D fan sleeves to the 3D structure, the spacial quality formed by the origami architecture, and the potential of the reconfiguration by the users.
THE Folding chair
The folding chair plays the fan origami in a different different direction, rather than flip orizontally, it flips vertically to form a sitting chair. Counter weight is used to control the folding and unfolding process.
The folding chair 1
The folding chair connecting two fan sleeves takes idea from the origami and pop up books, which allow changes between fold and unfold.
Fabric possibilities:
THE velcro column
The velcro column in the centre allows central support and the free combination and varies
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) coated polyester Silicon coated glassc
PVC coated polyester is the least expensive and has a design life of 15 to 20 years due mainly to ultra violet attack. Besides cost it has the advantage of being very robust, easier to ship and install and can % $ $ # # ) %"# ,,
openess of the structures
wheel detail
Small caster wheels or smart wheel with locking system could potentially be applied to the fan sleeves for easier folding process
$ ## $ + $ " # " tensile strength than PVC coated polyester, but being glass it is slightly more brittle therefore it can be subject to more damage from " ! $ + ( # " # $ #% $ $ % $" & $ $$ # " #% $ # ) " # ,, " # $%" $%" % $ + $ * " ##
+ " #$ ! $ ) ) "$ " # #$ $ $ #$%" " " # # & # !" ! "$ # ,, Information needed from manufacturers: base fabric weight * # ' $ " ' tear strength life expectancy + " # #$ stretch cleanability
onnections Types:
hannel (with gromets) and Lacing sed with PVC-coated polyester fabric, ges has gromets spaced at frequent ervals. Rope is laced thorugh the ommets and tie into the chanel
Playa Vista Bandshell, LA
Fabric pocket with cable Used with PVC-coated polyester fabric or
Clamped Edges with Plates THE COVER Used withADDITIONAL PVC-coated polyester and Fabric or rice paper cover can be applied to create a more enclosed space with soft light.
Fabric Research
Belts Can be stitched or weled along the edges Used with PVC- coated polyester fabric
hinge detail
The potential hinge detail for the connection between the fan sleeves of the structure
Potential clamped edge with plates
From: http://fabricarchitecturemag.com
- DETAILS AND POTENTIAL USE The potential joins for the origami structure and the potential add on in to the fan sleeves to make the intallation operates better.
Reversable Fabric Connections Joining Fabric to the Wooden Frame