INDEX URBAN DESIGN Public Health 7 5 3
1
1 4
BOND[ING]
East Harlem and New Rochelle, NY
Local Economy 2
[ONE] OPEN NETWORK ECONOMIES
Kisumu, KENYA
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Resiliency 3
BEYOND REMNANT
4
INTERLOCKING THE [INTER]ROCKAWAY
Mapleton, IA
Rockaway, Queens, NY
Waterfront 2
* 6
5
TRANSFORMING LANDFORM
6
WATER FEEDING THE ISLAND
Missouri River, Omaha, NE
Turtle Island, South Bali, Indonesia
Public Spaces 7
EXPERIENTIAL CULTIVATION Kansas City, MO
Publication
* Professional Work Competition
urban design(regional) : public health
1
BOND[ING]
Project: Designing Healthy Cities and Defining Regions Location: American Cities and Regions (East Harlem and New Rochelle, NY) Urban Design Studio II, Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Collaborator: Belen Ayarra, Faisal Almogren, Ji Han Lew, Xin Fu Coordinators: Skye Duncan, Justin G. Moore Core Faculty: Lee Altman, Danielle Choi, Alison Duncan, Dongsei Kim, Christopher Kroner, Sandro Marpillero Site Partner: City of New Rochelle, Department of Development Urban Study Publication for the New Rochelle Department of Development, 2014 An active, safe and adaptive urban corridor that supports daily living and promotes community interactions is healthy for a city’s residents. Such urban corridor is often reinforced by having anchoring entities that attract users while also bonding with each other to strengthen connections. The design approach aims at defining the characteristics of each corridor, proposing new anchoring entities reinforcing existing identities, as well as introducing modification to the corridors to bring activities, safety and flexibility to the street. Contribution: data and research visualization from site visiting; developing concept and producing related multi-media products to deliver our idea; and producing diagram, modelling, renderings for the final review and official publication for New Rochelle’s Department of Development
Workshops in East Harlem and New Rochelle
NEW ROCHELLE
REGIONAL CONNECTIONS AND ATTRACTIONS BEYOND NEW ROCHELLE
Bonding the Inter-model Transit Corridor
The design develops both waterfront and downtown area, as anchoring points, which reinforce north avenue connectivities. A new waterfront green corridor is introduced by reconfiguring the landform as well as connecting existing public waterfront parks, while downtown area is reconfigured through modifying multiple existing structures as well as introducing new constructions. The waterfront and downtown is then connected through new inter-model transit system, while this connection is reinforced by plot rezoning along north avenue between the two assets. The systematic development of waterfront and downtown then becomes new destinations to the city while reconnecting to the north.
Location/ North Ave. cluster, NR. Project Area/ 40,000 SF Gross Building Area/ 40,000 SF Stakeholders/ NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL, IONA COLLEGE, MONROE COLLEGE, NEW ROCHELLE DOWNTOWN BID
REGIONAL VISITORS / RESIDENTS
DOWNTOWN
WATERFRONT
North Avenue has long been the main corridor in New Rochelle that services as a major transit connection between its northern and southern end of city. However, the city’s dependency on cars, lack of walkability, fragmented downtown corridors and limited access to waterfront amenities diminish the possibilities north avenue can offer while disjoints its northern neighborhood from the south.
PROPOSED BUS SYSTEM
20 MIN
TIME
5 MIN
PROPOSED BIKE LANES
TIME
4 MIN
PROPOSED TRAIL SYSTEM
LAGUARDIA AIRPORT
GRAND CENTRAL
Local Retail
WESTCHESTER AIRPORT
33 MIN
18 MIN
Regional Retail
TIME
16 MIN
Less Than 15 Min Less Than 30 Min
EXISTING PROGRAMS/ACTIVITIES
COMPETITIVE RETAIL CORRIDORS
MAINLY CONCENTRATED ALONG NORTH AVE
ANCHOR POINT
RECONSTRUCTING DOWNTOWN
ANCHOR POINT
ANCHORS BONDING
DEVELOPING WATERFRONT
RECONFIGURING CONNECTIONS
REGIONAL BONDING
RESHAPING TRANSIT MODES
EXISTING ACTIVITIES
DISCONNECTION
ISSUE
OPPORTUNITIES RECONSTRUCTING URBAN FABRIC
REGIONAL RELATIONSHIP
ACTIVATING OPEN SPACE
INCORPORATING EXISTING ACTIVITIES
RESHAPING TRANSIT MODES
FRAGMENTATION NEW TRANSPORTATION CONNECTION PROGRAMS
PUBLIC SPACES
PEDESTRIAN PATHWAYS
COMMERCIAL RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
FERRY SYSTEM
BIKE LANE
TRAIL SYSTEM
NEW PROGRAMS
BUS SYSTEM
BIKE LANE
TRAIL SYSTEM
FERRY SYSTEM
STREET CONDITIONS
BUS SYSTEM
BONDING PROCESS
4
“BOND[ING] model reactives New Rochelle’s waterfront as well as connecting the city from North to South.”
PROPOSED FERRY LINE
4
NEW ROCHELLE WATER TRANSPORTATION BRIDGEPORT & PORT JEFFERSON
2
WATERFRONT PARK SYSTEM
MULTI-MODAL TRANSIT HUBS
6AM - 10PM
NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL PARKS AND RECREATION
24/7
FERRY STATION CONNECTION TO LONG ISLAND SOUND
BIKE DOCKING
BUS STOP
NEW ROCHELLE WATER TRANSPORTATION BRIDGEPORT & PORT JEFFERSON
SIGNAGE
24/7
PUBLIC SPACES
TRAIL
FERRY STATION
RETAIL
6AM - a
CAFE
BUS STOP
2
RECREATIONAL WETLAND PARK NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL PARKS AND RECREATION
4
6AM - 10PM
MULTI-MODAL TRANSIT CENTER NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL FTA
BUS AND BUS FACILITIES PROGRAM
1
NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL
NEW ROCHELLE DOWNTOWN BID
8AM - 10PM CAFE
RETAIL
BIKE DOCKING
SIGNAGE
GREENR PROGRAM PARKS AND RECREATION
1
DOWNTOWN RESTAURANTS AND RETAILS
24/7
BUS STOP
OBSERVATORY BASKETBALL BASKETBALL COURT COURT
NORTH AVE. EXTENSION
GREENR PROGRAM BIKE SHARING PROGRAM
FERRY STATION TRAIN STATION
TRAIL
2
DOWNTOWN/WATERFRONT
NEW MIXED-USE LIBRARY
8AM - 10PM CAFE
DINNING
CLOTHING SHOP
NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL
SPORTING ELECTRONICS GOODS
ART ASSOCIATION SCHOOL DISTRICT
IONA COLLEGE, MONROE COLLEGE 24/7
3
NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT
RESIDENTIAL
PUBLIC LIBRARY
TECH CENTER
WORKSHOPS
AUDITORIUM
BIKE
PEDESTRIAN
MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT
24/7
RESIDENTIAL
8AM - 8PM
24/7
8AM - 8PM RETAIL
BY APPT.
DOWNTOWN GREEN
4
NORTH AVE. RECONFIGURATION NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL GREENR PROGRAM
24/7
BUS SYSTEM
DRIVING
METRO - NORTH
MULTI-MODAL TRANSIT CENTER DOWNTOWN
5 MIN
7 MIN
TAKING BUS
6 MIN
BIKING
NORTH AVE.
20 MIN
WALKING
1
NEW PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE AMTRAK
GREAT AMERICAN STATIONS
24/7
PEDESTRIAN LINK
ACCESSIBLE ALONG NORTH AVE. ACCESSIBLE VIA NEIGHBORING STREETS
1
DOWNTOWN GREEN NEW ROCHELLE CITY COUNCIL GREENR PROGRAM 24/7
PUBLIC SPACES
Establishing a healthier network of local connectivity between downtown and North Avenue.
I - 95
NEW PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE
DOWNTOWN GREEN
NEW MIXED-USE LIBRARY
MULTI-MODAL TRANSIT CENTER WATERFRONT
MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT
FROM WETLAND PARK
NORTH AVE. EXTENSION
WEEKEND MARKET PLACE
3 MIN
5 MIN
15 MIN
RECREATIONAL WETLAND PARK
DISTANCE: 0.36 MILE ELEVATION DIFFERENCE: 70 FT
I-95 - WETLAND PARK ACCESSIBILITY BY TRANSPORTATION MODES (1.2 MILES)
Transit Incubator
7%
30,000 SF
Research Centre
4%
20,000 SF
Public Media Centre
6%
25,000 SF
Live-Work Housing
8%
35,000 SF
Mixed-Use High Rise
8%
35,000 SF
Public Space
22% 100,000 SF
Retail
1%
6,000 SF
Library
33% 150,000 SF
Multi-Storey Parking
11%
50,000 SF
New developed ferry station links New Rochelle to New York City and regional recreational and natural spots.
EAST HARLEM
Bonding the Safe and Vibrant Corridor Location/ 3rd Ave. cluster, NY. Project Area/ 62,000 SF
OF CRASH VICTIMS IN EAST HARLEM BETWEEN CARS AND PEDESTRIANS ARE KIDS
!
ABSENCE OF PEDESTRIAN LIGHTING
SAFE 3RD AVE
3RD AVE
!
13% VACANT
!
E 116TH ST
LACK OF GREENERY
!
Absence Partial Existent
!
!
!
E 106TH ST
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
ACCOMMODATION & FOOD SERVICES OTHER SERVICES HEALTH CARE
28%
SERVICE
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE FINANCE & INSURANCE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION CLOTHING GENERAL MERCHANDISE FOOD & BEVERAGE MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRONIC SPORTING GOODS FURNITURE BUILDING & GARDEN MATERIAL
58%
RETAIL
MOTOR VEHICLE REAL ESTATE ARTS & RECREATION
LIMITED INVESTMENT
!
! !
STREET CONDITION ASSESSMENT 3RD AVENUE
17%
LOW OCCUPY
E 106TH ST
3RD AVE ACTIVITIES
!
E 116TH ST
EAST HARLEM NYCHA
3RD AVE BLOCKS VACANCY
100% VACANCY
VACANT
!
OTHERS
MAR
13%
!
83%
SUNRISE
FEB
UNKNOWN
Speed School
VACANCY TYPOLOGY
PARTIAL VACANCY
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00
AVERAGE RETAIL OPENING HOUR COMPARISON
E 125TH ST
!
125TH ST 5TH AVENUE
SIGNAGE
E 125TH ST
100% VACANCY
3RD AVE
00:00
!
HIGH VACANCY RATE OCCUPIED
3RD AVE
!
!
!
SUNSET
JAN
OF YOUTH SURVEYED IN EAST HARLEM AVOID AREAS OF THE COMMUNITY DUE TO GANG-RELATED CONCERNS
DAYTIME SAVING
THEY CARRY A WEAPON
Poor Condition Regular Condition Good Condition
!
Home to many locally owned shops, Third Avenue suffers inactivity and safety issues due to high vacancy rates, ill street surface conditions as well as lacking community oriented programs. 87%
DAYTIME SAVING 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00
22% OF YOUTH STATED THAT
CROSSING CONDITION !
MAIN ANCHOR INFILLS
!
37%
LOCAL COMMUNITY
Traffic Accident Street Crime Heat Map Station Amtrak Line Subway Line Projected Subway Projected Station
43%
ABSENCE OF LIGHTING
NYCHA
School Park Community Activities Vacancy Commercial
FREQUENT SAFETY ISSUE DEACTIVATE THE STREET HIGHER SPEED TRAFFIC FLOW High
ANCHOR POINT
ART, ENTERTAINMENT & EDUCATION ORIENTED RETAIL SPACE
Low
VACANCY INFILLS
ADDITIONAL RETAIL SPACE AND LOW INCOME HOUSING
BONDING
THROUGH STREET SURFACE RENOVATION
Main Anchor - Art Entertainment and Recreation Oriented Retail
STREET CONDITION
EXISTING PROGRAM
Vacancies
$$ ISSUE
Schools Street Renovation
OPPORTUNITIES
Projected Train Station
P
UTILIZING NYCHA STREET SAFETY
STREET INACTIVITY
REDEVELOPING VACANCY
ENHANCING COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES
SUPPLEMENTING SCHOOLS/RECREATIONAL SPACES
3RD AVE
3RD AVE
Existing Train Station
3RD AVE
P COMMERCIAL EDUCATIONAL ART
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
AFFORDABLE LIGHT BULB HOUSING STRUCTURE
LIGHTING SIGNAGE BIKE LANE GREENERY SEATING STREET INTERSECTION CROSSWALK PARKING
BONDING PROCESS
STREETSCAPE ACTIVATION ADDING PROGRAMS
INCORPORATING STREET FURNITURE
REARRANGING CIRCULATION
TRAFFIC CALMING
INCREASING GREENERY
P MARKET PLACE
EDUCATIONAL CENTER
SEATING
LIGHTING
INTERSECTION CROSSWALK
SIGNAGE
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
COMMUNITY LIGHT BULB
3RD AVE
To provide a safe and active main corridor, a retail and community oriented hybrid marketplace is introduced, aimed at developing new investment, anchoring existing programs along and around Third Avenue, offering activities while attracting foot traffic onto the street. These anchoring entities are bonded through recreating the street fronts by infilling NYCHA open space and occupying vacant units. The corridor is then further reinforced by series of beautification actions, aimed at providing a safe street environment, while extending its connection to the related existing contexts.
STREET PARKING BIKE LANE
STREET TREES
Lighting improvement and extended hours for community activities provide safer and more vibrant environment for the local residents.
urban design (global) : economy
KONDELE MARKET
KIBUYE MARKET OILE MARKET
WORLD BANK FUNDED MARKET
MANYATTA MARKET
2
INFORMAL SECTOR IN KISUMU, KENYA
NAKUMATT
KASAWINO MARKET
NYAMASARIA MARKET
MARKET TTA A NY
MA
[ONE] Open Network Economies Project: Re-purposing Kisumu Markets for Economic Inclusion Location: Kisumu, KENYA Urban Design Studio III, Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Collaborator: Wagdy Moussa, Crystal Ng, Ku Hun Chung Coordinators: Richard Plunz Core Faculty: Victor Body-Lawson, Michael Conard, Petra Kempf, Geeta Mehta, Kate Orff Site Partner: Kenya Millennium Cities Initiative Urban Study Publication for the Kenya Millennium Cities Initiative, 2014
The Open Market Economy project empowers informal vendors through the implementation of core infrastructure systems that facilitate entrepreneurship and bring development throughout Manyatta. Informal vendors are being displaced throughout Kisumu from development in particular of large supermarket chains. The municipality’s Manyatta Peace Market, sit empty, even as vendors operate in vibrant roadside markets with few amenities. We believe that strengthening the marketplace for the informal economy will positively impact 70% of the Manyatta community. This would provide a more sustainable economy than the supermarkets model, which do not promote local industries and drain profits from communities. Contribution: data and research visualization from site visiting; developing conceptual diagram and phasing map and producing related multi-media products to deliver our idea; and worked on sectional and perspective renderings for the final review and official publication.
TRIGGERS: LOCAL MARKETS
THREATS: BIG BOX SUPERMARKETS
FINANCING
EMPOWERING LOCAL TRADERS WITH SKILLS + INFRASTRUCTURE
WASTE COLLECTION INFORMATION ELECTRICITY SHELTER
TRANSPORTATION
INFRASTRUCTURE PLUG-IN EMPOWERS DENSIFICATION
1963 Centralize Government
THREATS, RISKS, OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FORM OF BIG BOX STORES kSH
NAKUMATT MARKET KISUMU
PHYSICAL IMPACT ON EXISTING CITY FABRIC
MONEY LEAVES KISUMU
KONDELE 2014
KONDELE 2009
PERMANENT LOSS OF TRADE SPACE
BYPASS CONSTRUCTION
BE TACTICAL
Creating Alternative Use Exploit Untapped Resources
THINK MICRO
Small Intiatives Offer Agility And Responsiveness
NO SEWAGE AND STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
TAXES
SHARE
NO STORAGE HIGH TRANSPORTATION
RENT + UTILITIES
EXPENDITURE
3 0 Ks h /Da y 3 2. 5 Ks h /Da y Na k u m a t t Profits Sh a r e h o l d e r s
25%
3 0 Ks h /Da y
OF NATIONAL GDP
70%
INGENUITIVE PRINCIPALS OF THE INFORMAL MARKET
Building Mutual Benefits
NO/UNRELIABLE ELECTRICITY LIMITED WORK HOURS
OF ALL NEW BUSINESS
OPPORTUNITIES
FORM ECOLOGIES
NO REFRIGERATION LOST OF PRODUCTS
98%
DISPLACEMENT OF THE INFORMAL MARKET THROUGH DEVELOPMENT
ROBUST MARKET
NO MUNICIPAL WASTE COLLECTION
BRIBES
MINIMUM WAGE JOBS
RISKS
KONDELE 2004
2010 Financial Decentralization PREVALENCE OF THE INFORMAL ECONOMY
Equitable Benefit Of Resources
BORROW
Te m p o r a l Oc c u p a t i o n Of Sp a c e ,
Ag r e e m e n t Be t w e e n Le n d e r An d Bo r r o w e r : Ho u r s , Da y s , Mo n t h s
PROGRAM TEMPORALLY UNBUILD TO BUILD MAKE DO Activating The City’s 24 Hour, 7 Days Cycle
As Mode Of Densification, If Density Does Not Suffice
Something From Nothing
Improvisation With Resources
DEPLOY
Agile Distribution And Mobility
3 0 0 0 -4 0 0 0 Ks h /Mo n t h
OF MANYATTA WORKFORCE IN INFORMAL SECTOR
NAKUMATT NO MUNICIPAL
MUNICIPAL MARKET NO REFRIGERATION
ROADSIDE MARKET
MONEY FLOW BY MARKETING TYPES
NO STORAGE
MARKETS AS ACTIVATORS IN KISUMU
INFRASTRUCTURAL NEEDS OF BUSINESS WORLD BANK MARKET
TRADERS FROM UGANDA / RURAL NYANZA PROVIDENCE
MORNING
TYPES OF MARKETS
TRADERS FROM RURAL NYANZA PROVIDENCE
INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS
TYPES OF SELLERS
MARKET
KONDELLE BYPASS
FINANCING
PRODUCE
MEAT
KIBUYE MARKET
LAKE VICTORIA
HOME
WASTE COLLECTION
LAKE VICTORIA HOUSEHOLD
AFTER SCHOOL
MANYATTA
MANYATTA MARKET BUS STATION
HOME ADDITION
OLIE MARKET D KISUMU CBD K
EVENING
TRAIN STATION
ELECTRICITY
TRADERS FROM TANZANIA / RURAL NYANZA PROVIDENCE
REPAIR
FORMAL MARKETS
SHELTER
INFORMAL MARKETS MOBILE TRADERS
OILE PARK MARKET
ROADSIDE STALLS
MANYATTA MARKET
FORMAL PAVILION
INFORMAL SHELTERS
FURNITURE
KIBUYE MARKET BYPASS TRADERS
Ksh
MORNING MARKET
TYPOLOGY OF INFRASTRUCTURE PLUG-IN
MOBILE
SUPERMARKETS
400m
SALON
STALL
KISUMU ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
(DUNGA BEACH / FISH MARKET)
BD KISUMU CB
TAILOR
ROADSIDE
KASAWINO MARKET
0 100
BUS STATION
INFORMATION
TRAIN STATION
N
MANYATTA
RESTAURANT
NAKUMATT MARKET TRANSPORTATION
BANKING
IMPROVE EXPAND DENSITY MULTI-FUNCTIONAL
MARKET LIMITS AND NEEDS 6 AM MORNING
12 PM
AFTER SCHOOL
KISUMU MARKET ACTIVITIES: DAY AND NIGHTTIME POPULATION
6 PM EVENING
12 AM
POTENTIAL SITES
CO-OPERATIVE IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES INSTITUTIONS (GOVERNMENT)
INFRASTRUCTURE PLUG-IN Money for space
collectors roam markets daily 30 kSH daily or 500 kSH monthly
INFORMATION
TOOLKIT
EXPAND MARKETS
LACK OF A PUBLIC FORUM Low Involvement of Citizens Participation in Government
RT
ELECTRICITY
PO
?
TAX COLLECTION
UP
TAX
IMPROVE MARKETS WASTE COLLECTION
R GE IG TR
Money for resources
SMALL INVESTMENT
FINANCING
S
SHELTER
GOVERNENCE
MARKET TRANSPORTATION
DENSIFY MARKETS
HUGE EFFECT
CONDITION ONE IMPROVE EXISTING MARKETS TO CREATE MARKET NETWORKS
CONDITION TWO DEVELOP MARKET EXPANSION AND ROADSIDE MARKET
CONDITION THREE
DEVELOP SHARED INFRASTRUCTURE FOR TEMPORARY MARKETS
A
INITIATIVE INVESTMENT B
SPONTANEOUS DEVELOPMENT
MARKET EXPANSION
DENSIFICATION
UTILIZATION OF FLEXIBLE MARKET SPACES
2 1
Market waste collection points keeps environment clean for the neighborhood
Landscape reduces erosion during rainy season
2 1
Storage allows vendor to spend less on transportation cost
BENEFIT OF ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE MINIMUM INFRASTRUCTURE
WIFI enables community board for market prices and community events
Community Space for table-banking activities
2 1
MIRCO GRID allow for incremental expansion
N
Solar power provides for extended work hours
2 1
extented work hours
2 1
traders
cheaper shared
tailor
salon
power for refrigeration
butcher
charge lantern for
free night time recreation energy
students
institutions
electrical and mechanical training
sell extra energy to neighborhood
training
energy seller
MAXIMUM IMPACT
SOLAR ENERGY DEPENDABLE ENERGY
OPEN MARKET RETRACTABLE FABRIC ROOF
TEMPORARY FABRIC ROOF SHARED SHELTHER
WIFI ACCESS CONNECTING MARKETS WITH RESOURCES
STORAGE PLUG-IN FOR SELLERS
TRAINGING HANDS ON EDUCATION
SMART BOARD ANNOUNCEMENT FOR MARKET USERS EXTENDABLE MARKET STALL PLUG-IN FOR SELLERS
WASTE COLLECTION OPEN SPACE IMPROVEMENT
REDUCE TRANSPORTATION COST
REDUCE ILLEGAL DUMPS SITES FINANCING MARKET WASTE COLLECTION
WASTE SORTING
NEIGHBORHOOD
NEIGHBORHOOD
CONNECTION TO REGIONAL AND GLOBAL MARKET
DAY TO NIGHT ACTIVATION
STORAGE
MARKET PRICES with wifi
TABLE BANKING
Community Spaces
COMMUNITY MEETING CENTER
STREET LIGHTING
NEW PAVED ROAD
MICRO GRID
EDUCATION
SHARE WIFI
TECHNOLOGY CLASSES
SOLAR ENERGY
INSTITUTIONS
COMMUNITY
INFRASTRUCTURE
FINANCING VENDORS FEE
WASTE COLLECTION COMMUNITY TABLE BANKING INFORMATION TRADERS UNION ELECTRICITY
SHELTER
TRANSPORTATION
IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS AND PLAYERS
resiliency : flood hazard prevention
QUEENS Rockaway
3
INTERLOCKING THE [INTER]ROCKAWAY Project: The 5 Borough Studio Location: Rockaway, Queens, NY Urban Design Studio I, Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Collaborator: Cheng Zhou, Nico Rios, Shixiu Wang Coordinators: Kaja K端hl, Walter Meyer
By reprogramming and shifting the existing impervious Jacob Riis Parking lot in Rockaway, Queens; the proposal brings a new intervention into New York City and the local community. The proposal will interlock hydrological and circulation networks through the equilibrium of cut and fill. By cutting a marina into the peninsula, a multifunctional destination is created to absorb and promote local recreational and commercial activities. Through sculpting the terrain, the landscape prepares the site for future flooding hazards by means of channeling, absorbing and storing excess water. New building typologies that adapts to the landscape and flooding levels will be implemented throughout the site, creating a model for future development in Rockaway. Contribution: data and research visualization from site visiting and further studio study; developing concept and producing related multi-media products to deliver our idea; and producing diagram, modelling, renderings for the final review and archive on official GSAPP Urban Design studio webpage.
DEFINING THE SITE
EQUILIBRIUM
ANATOMY OF ROCKAWAY
CUT AND FILL
Existing - vulnerable topography
PUBLIC SPACE
-Inefficient Land Use -Impervious Hard Surface -Mono-functional Space -Peninsula Discontinuity
EXISTING VACANT LOTS
Peak Season Occupancy of 5500 40% built in 1932
Area: 62 acres =
50%
Proposed - resilient topography
LANDFILL Jacob Riis Parking Lot
35x
* 50% calculated from surface area
LP
6.0 6.0
2013 100 YR FLOOD PLAIN
16 FT FLOOD LINE
42,600 residential units 18,790 residential buildings 649 commercial and other buildings
10 FT FLOOD LINE
42,600 residential units 18,790 residential buildings 649 commercial and other buildings
MASTER PLAN
6.0
LP
LP
LP
HP
LP
6.0
LP
6.0
2050 100 YR FLOOD PLAIN
HP
LP
HP
SUBWAY TRAFFIC VOLUME
PRE SANDY
6.0
LP
Learn from Topography HP BUS TRAFFIC VOLUME 2 FT SEA LEVEL RISE BY 2050
POST SANDY
SITE RISK
WATER RISE RISK HIGH WAVE RISK
SANDY IMPACT 10YR Flood Zone
N
Design with Water *Maps generated from Arc GIS
13.00
TYPOLOGY .00
45
Marina
Boardwalk
Tidal Wetland Park
Road Channel
New Residential Typology
Road Channel
New Residential Typology
Current Residential Typology
RESIDENTIAL
B’
.00
.00
45
C’
24
12.00
A - A’
Bungalow Typology
B
A’ 65.00
C
A
.00
Parking
Tidal Wetland Park
Road Channel
B - B’
New Commercial Typology
BUNGALOW
Marina
12.00
23
ABFE 1% Flood Level 11 FT 2080 Sea Level Rise 2 FT Current Sea Level
Marina
C - C’
New Commercial Typology
Road Channel
New Commercial Typology
Wetland
Parking
Road Channel
Dune Park
Hard Surface Runoff 30.0
Infiltration
0
COMMERCIAL
.00
12.00
Water Table
40
* ABFE 1% Flood Level 11 FT
Rockaway opens its door to welcome more opportunities of business through reinforcing its tourism assets.
resiliency : community design
4
BEYOND REMNANT Project: Mapleton Tornado Long-term Rebuild and Recovery Plan Location: Mapleton, Iowa LA 401 Community Design, Iowa State University Collaborator: Jihee Chung, Youngjae Ahn, Adam Mekies Advisor: Julia Badenhope, Tim Keller Award: 2013 ASLA Student Honor Award - Central States 2013 ASLA Merit Award for Design Unbuilt - Iowa Chapter Publication: Midlands Newspapers, December 2, 2012 World Landscape Architecture (WLA) Webzine, February 22, 2014 On April 9th, 2011, Mapleton Iowa was devastated by an EF-3 tornado, destroying 50% to 60% of the town. Trees were uprooted; infrastructures like lighting, drainage systems and sidewalks were subjected to different degrees of injury. Recently, recovery plans entered long-term recovery phase. We got involved as a team to give Mapleton design options that will excite the community about possibilities for the future and provide long term solutions to existing problems. The goal of this project is to provide Mapleton and similar Midwestern communities with a process by which to convert the remnant spirit of a survival community into the momentum of future design and construction projects. Contribution: Researching, making site analysis and evaluation, discussing general plan and design idea. designing block typologies and rendering.
Sidewalks
Street Trees
Lighting
Stormwater Management
Stormwater Treatment Recreation Gathering Parklet Community Garden Playground
Community Involvement Nodes
Degree of Transformation 10 %
30 %
50 %
70 %
90 %
Star Observation House
Bird Blind
Pavilion
Performance Stage
Overhanging Structure
House
Suspended House
Tall Retaining Wall
Short Retaining Wall
Green Wall
Play House
Passage
Terraced Bleachers
Bench
Dancing Stage
Variations
Top
Structural Components
Body
Base
waterfront : innovation
Study Site: Missouri River Branch 100-YR Flooding Area
? TERMINAL
TERMINAL
BROWN FIELDS
HABITAT DEPOSITS
BROWN FIELDS
HABITAT DEPOSITS
?
5
TRANSFORMING LANDFORM Project: Omaha - Missouri River Region Innovation Studio Location: Missouri River Region, Omaha, NE DSN_S 546 Interdisciplinary Design Studio, Iowa State University Collaborator: Jay Holinger Advisor: Carl Rogers Project Partner: University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Back to the River Workshop with Sasaki Associates, Watertown, MA The purpose of the Innovation Studio is to develop the framework and related initial intervention for Missouri River Region near the city of Omaha, Nebraska. Through site visiting and observation, problem and challenge should be defined for the study site selection. Our team collaborated with “Back to the River� and University of Nebraska-Lincoln. The framework we created in the end will be tested through early intervention done by ourselves. All the analysis, framework and idea will be delivered to our partner and continuously be improved through later progress. Contribution: Initial site observation, research and data collecting; established framework for site innovation; and then developed design ideas to test the framework. Finished group base maps for studio use, and worked on diagram, sections, axon and rendering for final presentation.
DEFINING THE INNOVATION
SITE STUDY
Our site selection is based off of our composite map. Where the layers from the composite map overlap, we start to see relationships to one another. An area with high concentrated layers is where we start to investigate our site. The size of the honeycomb is determined by the elements it encompasses, and their relationships to one another. Based on the location and land type we categorize each area by, Urban(U), Suburban(S), and Rural(R).
INDUSTRIAL
The Papillion Creek or canal is highly engineered to remove water as fast as it can away from the city and into the Missouri River. There are eroded banks, a monoculture of grass, and no containment of space through the creek’s lower corridor that we are analyzing. There is the existing Keystone Trail that runs along the top of the levy, which contains a small floodplain.
+
COMMERCIAL
CONVEX LANDFORM The major landuse in this section is industrial. It is highly developed. Most industrial sites are built on higher elevations to avoid flooding damage.
AGRICULTURE
R2
+
RESIDENTIAL
INTERMEDIATE VALLEY The major landuse in this section is linear agricultural land and residential. The cropfields are open and exposed. Medium-density residential starts to be developed on the edge of valley wall.
S1
ANATOMY OF THE SITE ECOLOGICAL LIMITS & BARRIERS
COMMUNICATION & LANDMARKS The urban category is run by social and cultural interactions. Communication is a key factor in this system. People are culturally connected by their surroundings.
CULTURAL PROGRAMMINGS
AMELIORATION & CONNECTION
U3
TOPOGRAPHY - 10FT
U2
100-YR FLOODING AREA
N
Major Flood Stage 40ft Moderate Flood Stage 32ft 2011 Flood Stage 36.29ft
1 MILE
OPEN SPACE
+
AGRICULTURE
JOINED FLOODPLAIN Most of the area in this section is open, undeveloped floodplain. The landform is flat with some groups of plants. Human impact is the least out of the three sections.
S5
S2
U1
S3
The suburban corridor brings the connectivity through out the urban area. Through improvement and innovation we can strengthen the relationship between urban and rural.
FLOODPLAIN
STUDY SITE
N 0
ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL
FLOODING & SAND DEPOSITS
0.5
1
PROTECTION & GENERATION The rural area gives us functional landscapes and the space to implement renewable energy practices. This portion of land can be extremely vulnerable and must be protected. 2 mile
CROSS-RIVER CI RCULATION
E ROSION
R1
EXISTING CONDITION
RIVER SIDE CIRCU LATION
SITE STUDY PLANNER
ESTABLISHING THE FRAMEWORK
PRINCE AGRI PRODUCTS INC
The framework derives from these two critical definitions from above. The structure is built from principles of space, elements, function and water. These principles have come from previous site analysis. The site analysis generates our credibility to the structure of the framework. Through our framework we start to learn more about the relationships of existing conditions and the linkage between them to develop potential innovative ideas.
DEPOSITS
PLANNER
RADIO ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES
DEPOSITS
OMAHA SEWER MAINTENANCE DIVISION AMERICAN CONCRETE PRODUCTS CO
FUCINARO EXCAVATING CO
KAREN WESTERN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
PLANNER
DEPOSITS
DEPOSITS
DEPOSITS
(IDEA)
KIEWIT INFRASTRUCTURE CO
PLANNER EDUCATION
GENERATOR
ON-SITE RESOURCES
Located within our site are many businesses, schools, and planners. They could be potentially used as resources and a local network that could make our framework a reality.
UNITED AUTO RECYCLERS
METRO LANDSCAPE MATERIALS
INSPIRATION: Honeycomb Structure
The outcome from the framework
INDUSTRIAL TYPOLOGY
THE METROPOLITAN UTILITIES DISTRICT
BRYAN HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION
BIKE SHOP
GENERATOR
DIRECTOR (PROGRAMMING)
DEPOSITS
Previously researched systems, elements and precedents
AGRICULTURAL URBANISM
DIRECTOR
EDUCATION
INDUSTRIAL
TERMINAL
DEPOSITS
FUNCTION
DRIVER (RESOURCE)
WATER
based on the site and potential for innovation
AGRICULTURAL URBANISM
TREES SHRUBS & MORE
BELLEVUE BERRY & PUMPKIN RANCH
SPACE BROWN FIELDS
BARRIER
HABITAT
ELEMENT RIVER
CANAL
OVERFLOW
DEPOSITS
HUMAN ACTIVITY
people who get involved to the project in each stage
PLANNER
PARTICIPANT
USER
AGRICULTURAL URBANISM
EXISTING LAND USE
DARLING INTERNATIONAL INC. IS AMERICA'S LEADING PROVIDER OF RENDERING, RECYCLING AND RECOVERY SOLUTIONS TO THE NATION'S FOOD INDUSTRY.
PAPILLION CREEK WASTEWATER
DEPOSITS
DEPOSITS
CORESLAB STRUCTURES INC
N PUBLIC PARK
AGRICULTURAL LAND
INDUSTRIAL
RESIDENTIAL
1 MILE
AGRICULTURAL TYPOLOGY
ECOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY
waterfront : systematic strategy
6
WATER FEEDING THE ISLAND Project: Schematic Master Plan for Turtle Resort Island Water System Location: Turtle Island, South Bali, Indonesia Internship, Turenscape Design Institute Collaborator: Taylor Clem, Shuangying Lin Advisor: Kongjian Yu The goal of the schematic design is to achieve the sustainable and self-efficient fresh water system for public consumption and landscape irrigation on the island from rainwater collection and management. Reflecting the main concept as�eco-pelago� (Ecological - Archipelago), ecological water system is the key aspect towards the achievement. Contribution: Developing the water system scheme for the whole island by data calculation and technique supports; making system diagrams, researching and analyzing the feasibility of its implementation; giving the research report to the entire design team.
photo offered by PT Bali Turtle Island Development
TURTLE ISLAND
The Turtle Island is located in the concentrated natural beauty district of the South Bali. It is the only isolated island in south Bali. The island is currently accessed by a sealed road and bridge. There are no land links to the Turtle Island.
LAND USE PLAN
DEM - Elevation
Ecological Sensitivity
GIS SITE INVESTIGATION
Tidal Analysis
Islands within Islands
REGIONAL AND DISTRICTS Sea Level Rise - 0.125 m
Sea Level Rise - 0.25 m
Sea Level Rise - 0.5 m
Sea Level Rise - 1.0 m
Sea Level Rise - 2.0 m
FACTS ABOUT WATER
rain water
irrigation water cosumption recycle
ISLAND TYPOLOGY
rain water island typology
rain season
dry season
1,456.31 acres 1.60 in average monthly rainfall (dry) 11.81 in average monthly rainfall (wet) 7.88 acres canal (brackish water) - 1% 315.48 acres ponds (fresh water) - 22% 70.87 acres mangroves (sea water) - 5% OPPORTUNITIES - High rainfall for fresh water harvest - Existing water bodies provide sustainable design opportunities - Mangroves possess high ecological value
CONSTRAINTS - Limited availability of fresh water during the dry season - Concentrated rainfall over a few months of the rainy season (DEC - MAR) - Poor bank and beach protection leads to potential hazard of soil and fresh water bodies salinization
district typology
sea
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
COMMUNITY TYPOLOGY
DISTRICT TYPOLOGY
high
building-community typology (fresh water)
low
salinity
low
rain season
sea
district typology
SOLUTION Three types of water systems (fresh water, brackish water and sea water) are distributed clearly for ecological and efficient water management. Independent water system will be established under each sub-level based on the watershed arrangement, converging by the canal.
dry season
high
5% 95%
10% 90%
20% 80%
30% 70%
50% 50%
60% 40%
Fresh Water Land
ISLAND TYPOLOGY
REFLECTION ON BALI’s SUBAK SYSTEM
Subaks are an interconnected network of irrigation and agricultural terraces that are all linked together, stemming from Mount Batur and Mount Beratan on Bali’s main island. Through Agama Tirtha, Balinese celebrate the Tri Harta Karana which is the interconnected relationship and harmonization between God, Man, and Nature. This is clearly represented by the hierarchical pattern of the Subaks.
HP
The conceptual water resource model connects the water resources of Bali Turtle Island through a hierarchical system guided by the subak system.
WATERSHED AND RUNOFF ANALYSIS
Pond-type Catchment Area Catchment Area Island-type Catchment Area High Point Overflow Direction Flow Direction Proposed Retention Pond/Bubbles Island-type Retention Pond/Bubbles
Salt Water
WATER TYPE ANALYSIS
Brackish Water Fresh Water Subsurface Fresh Water
PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL TYPOLOGY
Canal (Brackish) Rainwater Wetland
Eco-Residential
Canal
DISTRICT TYPOLOGY
Main Road
Pond (Brackish)
Canal ( Brackish)
WATER
WATER
Mangrove
Mangrove
VEGETATION
Ornamental
Rain Garden
Ornamental
VEGETATION
Mangrove Bird Habitat
LAKESIDE RESORT TYPOLOGY Eco-Resort
Main Road
Private Road
Private Road
Main Road
Pedestrian Route
TRAFFIC PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL TYPOLOGY
Canal
Bird Habitat
Ponds
Pedestrian Route
TRAFFIC LAKESIDE RESORT TYPOLOGY SOLUTION Underground water storage system are distributed beneath the low points of public hardscape in each water district. Within its service radius, storage system supplies stored rainwater to its allocated communities when communities suffer shortage of fresh water. Meanwhile, collected rainwater will be used for public landscape irrigation in its radius.
Main Road
Coastal Boardwalk
LP
Low Points/Inlets
HP High Points
Subsurface Roadway Storage System Bioswales /Drainage Direction Dr.Yu’s draft
Ornamental
Road
Community Rain Garden Eco-Residential
COMMUNITY TYPOLOGY
Canal(Brackish Water)
Expected Waterflow Expected Water Directional Sheetflow
Expected Water Piped Flow Expected Water Piped Overflow Bioswales / Drainage Direction
PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL TYPOLOGY
Ornamental
Road
Pond(Brackish Water)
Eco-Resort
Canal(Brackish Water)
LAKESIDE RESORT TYPOLOGY
Evaluation Through calculations for one Community Typology, we proved the feasibility of the schematic water system. Even in dry seasons, rain water collection can satisfy irrigation and public water landscape supply. SOLUTION Rainwater running from the green roof under the Building Typology and regional surface runoff converge in the central rain garden in each Community Typology. Collected water is purified ecologically and stored in underground cisterns to meet the irrigation and other purposes’ (cooling system, road cleaning, etc.) requirements. Overflow during the intense rain season is discharged to the canal.
Low Points / Inlets HP High Points
Proposed Underground Rainwater Storage Tank
Proposed Rain Garden Storage Tank
OBJECTIVES FOR THE SYSTEMATIC DESIGN DISTRICT TYPOLOGY
COMMUNITY TYPOLOGY
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
COMMUNITY TYPOLOGY
DISTRICT TYPOLOGY
OPTION ONE
IRRIGATION Surplus to Constructed Wetlands
Connected to Irrigation Outlets
Surplus to Community Storage System Irrigation Supply
PURIFICATION SYSTEM
Irrigation Supply
Surplus to Canal
GREY WATER
Canal (Brackish Water)
Community Constructed Wetlands
Eco Residences
Terraced Living Wall
Minor Roads
Community Rain Gardens
InямБltrated Water Tanks
Underground Rain Water Storage Cisterns
Green Roofs
Community Constructed Wetlands
Bioswales
Roadway Subsurface Storage System
Major Road
Sea
Bubbles (for public irrigation)
RAIN WATER
100%
WETLANDS
WATER BODIES REPLENISHMENT
100%
64%
MEET REQUIREMENTS
36%
0%-54% FROM MUNICIPAL NETWORKS
DAILY CONSUMPTION
FROM SEA
46-100%
MEET REQUIREMENTS (based on different land use)
Irrigation Supply
OPTION TWO RAIN WATER
GREY WATER
STORAGE SYSTEM
CONVEYANCE SYSTEM
IRRIGATION
WETLANDS
100%
100%
MEET REQUIREMENTS
64%
WATER BODIES REPLENISHMENT
36%
DAILY CONSUMPTION
46-100%
MEET REQUIREMENTS (based on different land use)
0%-54% FROM MUNICIPAL NETWORKS
public spaces : community revitalization
BURGEON
INTEGRATION
INFLUENCE
7
EXPERIENTIAL CULTIVATION Project: Community Center and Landscape Design in the River Market Community Location: Kansas City, MO LA 301 Site Design II, Iowa State University Individual reproduction of group project Graphic works in the portfolio were individually reproduced based on the original idea of our project. Collaborator: Youngjae Ahn, Sarah Behm, Maggie Dougherty Advisor: Carl Rogers, Bambi Yost Award: Finalist in the Hansen Design Competition / Hansen Price candidate The goal of this project is to design the community center for the diverse River Market community on our selected site. Landscape Design helps to build the connection to the neighborhood and enhances the aesthetic and experiential value of the site. Collaborating with Architecture students towards the result is the major practice of the studio. Contribution: Making regional analysis for site selection; developing the main concept; making diagrams, researching; building the physical model and drawing the master plan.
Rive t He rfron
ST
ST
e Tra
ritag
E 3rd
The project established a natural connection between the new and the existing not only in terms of design features but in terms of a wide range of healthy activities and a positive life attitude.
E 2nd
HARMONY - LIVING WITH A HEALTHY STYLE
il
Community garden and Rivermarket Community Center are active factors that collaborate to make the community healthier, more sustainable and more livable. River Walk with stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) is a major element that enhances ecological, entertainment, aesthetic, and educational value.
N 0
100 ft
BMP reflects the shape of the Missouri River, and enhances entertainment experiences while walking along the River Walk from the River Market to the riverfront.
BALANCE - LIVING WITH NATURE
River Market Community Center and new community gardens are more than a gathering spot. It is a place where locals can share their diverse culture and visitors are welcomed to experience.