Infused by Lydia Mulyadi

NEW

IN D O NE S I AN T

Y PO G R A PH Y _a modern spin on tradition by

LY D I A M U LYA D I

an typography experimentation design experimetnt typography four design conference bali two thousands and thirteen an typography experimentation

typography four bali two thousands and thirteen design conference an typography experimentation experimetnt

design

design experimetnt design conference

typography four

bali two thousands and thirteen an typography experimentation typography four design conference bali two thousands and thirteen

an typography experimentation design experimetnt

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

Dedication

_ a modern spin on tradition

this book is dedicated to my Lord, Jesus Christ my parents, family and everyone who has supported me throughout the design process.

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NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

REP UBLIK IND ONE SIA [I N D O N E SI A N R E P UBL I C] -

is a tropical, beautiful country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising a total of 17,508 islands. It has 34 provinces with over than 238 million people, and is the world’s fourth most populous country in the world. The nation’s archipelago has been an important trading location during the 7th century, when Srivijaya and also Majapahit kingdom share with China and India. Local rulers gradually and political models from the an important trade region trade region since at least the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Srivijaya and Majapahit kingdom later Majapahit traded spices. Then, the Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms trading with China and India history has been influenced by foreign powers flourished. Indonesia Hinduism Buddhaism kingdoms drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders Muslims Islam brought Islam, and European powers brought Muslim traders brought Islam Christianity and fought one another to monoEuropean brought Christianity polize the trading in the Spice Islands of Maluku fought one another in order to during the Age of Discovery. During the time monopolize trading in of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia was ruled by Spice Islands of Maluku the Dutch for three and half centuries following Age of Discovery three and a half centuries the World War II. Indonesia’s history has since been turbulent, until Dutch colonialism it secured its independence in 1945. Ever since then, Indonesia’s challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, Independence after World separatism, a democratization process, and a long history changes with periods of rapid economic change.

Across its many islands, Indonesia consists of hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups. dominant—ethnic group are the Javanese. A shared identity is developed, defined by national developed, defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious a majority Muslim population, and a history of pluralism within colonialism and rebellion against it. Indonesia’s national motto, “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” (“Unity in Diversity” literally, “many, yet one”), articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the world’s second highest level of biodiversity.

flourished European

Christianity

War II challenges

The largest and politically ethnic and linguistic groups the largest are Javanese politically dominant too shared identity is developed defined by national language ethnic diversity and religious pluralism history of Bhinneka

rebellion

against Tunggal Ika

colonialism Unity in

Diversit

_ a modern spin on tradition

IND O NE SIA NE W IN D O N E S I AN T YP O G R A P H Y

05 >

RED MSI

M O

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

I n d o n e si a is in Southeast Oceania. an archipel approximately It has 34 pro million people, most populou archipelago 7th with China and early centurie kingdoms flo been influenc natural resou and European one another Islands of M Wo with challenge a democratiza is a country in comprising app million people, with Chin Hindu and influenced by traders broug one another to W by natural disa economic chan I n d o n e si a is comprising ap million people

with Chin a and Buddhist by foreign po brought Islam one anothe Islands of been turbule disasters, co process, and is a country in archipelago com has 34 province worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fourth a 7th with China and the early ce and Buddhist Indonesian his by foreign p natural resour brought Islam

a country t Asia and Indonesia is lago comprising 17,508 islands. ovinces with over 238 , and is the world’s fourth us country. The nation’s o has been an important h century, when Srivijaya and then d India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from the es CE, and Hindu and Buddhist ourished. Indonesian history has ed by foreign powers drawn to its urces. Muslim traders brought Islam, powers brought Christianity and fought to monopolize trade in the Spice Maluku during the Age of Discovery. of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia orld War II. Indonesia’s history has since been turbulent, es posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, tion process, and periods of rapid economic change. Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago proximately 17,508 islands. It has 34 provinces with over 238 , and is the world’s fourth most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important 7th century, when Srivijaya and then na and India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from the early centuries CE, and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been y foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim ght Islam, and European powers brought Christianity and fought monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia World War II. Indonesia’s history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed asters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid nge. a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago pproximately 17,508 islands. It has 34 provinces with over 238 e, and is the world’s fourth most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important 7th century, when Srivijaya and then na and India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced owers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders , and European powers brought Christianity and fought er to monopolize trade in the Spice Maluku during the Age of Discovery. of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia World War II. Indonesia’s history has since ent, with challenges posed by natural orruption, separatism, a democratization periods of rapid economic change. Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an mprising approximately 17,508 islands. It es with over 238 million people, and is the most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important h century, when Srivijaya and then d India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from enturies CE, and Hindu t kingdoms flourished. tory has been influenced powers drawn to its rces. Muslim traders m, and European

_ a modern spin on tradition

06aaaa 07 >

I TS

BR OADE S T

D EF INI T ION,

I S thought, character, or practice.

the term movement

describes

its set of

scale and far-reaching

arising from world

movements, originally

associated cultural

cultural tendencies and

in the arts,

the modernist

or practice. More specifically,

definition is thought, character

Modernism, in its broadest

More specifically, the term itself describes the modernist movement in the arts, its set of cultural tendencies and associated cultural movements, originally arising from wide-scale and far-reaching changes to Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In particular the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed then by the horror of World War I, were among the shaped Modernism. Related terms are modern, factors that modernist, contemporary, and Modernism explicitly rejects the ideology of postmodern. In art, realism, and makes use of the through the application of reprise, incorporation, rewriting, works of the past, recapitulation revision and parody in new forms. In general, the term Modernism encompasses the activities and output of those who felt the “traditional” forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, social organization and daily life were becoming outdated in the new economic, social and political conditions of an emerging of the fully industrialized world. The poet Ezra Pound’s 1934 injunction to “Make it new!” was paradigmatic of the movement’s approach towards the obsolete. Another paradigmatic exhortation was articulated by philosopher and composer Theodor Adorno, who, in 1940s, challenged conventional surface coherence, and appearance of harmony typical of the rationality of Enlightenment thinking. A salient is characteristics of Modernism self-consciousness. This self-consciousness often led to experiments with form and work that draws attention to the processes and materials used (and to the further tendency of abstraction). at the beginning The modernist of the 20th century, marked the first time that with the term avant-garde, which the movement was labeled until the used word “modernism” prevailed,was for the arts (rather than in its original military and political context).

MOD E RNI SM ,

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

CU LT U R E M EE T S M O D E R N IS M

changes to Western

I TS

BR OADE S T

DE F I N I T I O N,

I S thought, character, or practice.

the term movement

describes

scale and far-reaching

arising from

movements, originally

associated c

cultural tendencies and

in the arts,

the modernist

or practice. More specifical

definition is thought, chara

Modernism, in its broadest

More specifically, the term itself describes the modernist movement in the arts, its set of cultural tendencies and associated cultural movements, originally arising from wide-scale and far-reaching changes to Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In particular the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed then by the horror of World War I, were among the shaped Modernism. Related terms are modern, factors that modernist, contemporary, a Modernism explicitly rejects the ideology of postmodern. In art, realism, and makes use of t through the application of reprise, incorporation, rewriting, works of the past, recapitulation revision and parody in new forms. In general, the term Modernis encompasses the activities and output of those who felt the “traditional” forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, social organizati and daily life were becoming outdated in the new economic, social and political conditions of an emerging of the fully industrialized world. The poet Ezra Pound’s 1934 injunction to “Make it new!” was paradigmatic of the movement’s approach towards the obsolete. Another paradigmatic exhortation was articulated by philosopher and composer Theodor Adorno, who, in 1940s, challenged conventional surface coherence, and appearance of harmony typical of the rationality of Enlightenment thinking. A salient is characteristics of Modernism self-consciousness. This self-consciousness often experiment led to with form and work that draws attention to the processes and materials used (and to the further tendency of abstraction). at the beginning The modernist of the 20th century, marked the first time that with the term avant-garde, which the movement was labeled until the used prevailed,was word “modernism” for the arts (rather than in its original military and political context).

M O D E R N I SM ,

and early 20th centuries

societies in the late 19th

and early 20

societies in the late 19th

changes to

_ a modern spin on tradition

gunungan //

this is a simplified shape of gunungan, one of the properties used in a shadow puppet performance

09 >

E LE M EN T S

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

_ a modern spin on tradition

candi borobudur // borobudur temple is the most popular temple located in jogjakarta city, central java candi borobudur // borobudur temple

11 >

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

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and many others are

u gn ug

Mentawai, Asmat, Dani, Dayak, Toraja

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influenced movies.

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music political

India has

gnu

interaction between original indigenous customs and multiple foreign influences. Indonesia is centrally-located along ancient trading routes between the Far East and the Middle East world, resulting in many cultural practices being strongly influenced by a multitude of religions, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam and Christianity, all strong in the The result is a complex cultural mixture very major trading cities. different from the original indigenous cultures. Examples of cultural fusion include the fusion of Islam with Hindu in Javanese Abangan belief, the fusion belief of Hinduism, Buddhism and animism in Bodha, and the fusion of Hinduism and animism in Kaharingan; and others could be cited. Balinese dances have stories about ancient Buddhist and while Islamic art forms and architecture are Hindu kingdoms, present in Sumatra, especially in the Minangkabau and Aceh regions. Traditional art, music, and sport are combined in a martial art form called Pencak Silat. Western culture has greatly influenced Indonesia in science, technology and modern entertainment such as television shows films as well as system

gnu

I N D ONE SIA N CULT URE HAS EEEN SHAPED B Y A L ON G

a g n un

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EL E ME N T

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ung unu n a

u nu

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gu n u n

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g na

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un u n g u a un un

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gan

an g

nunga

g ungan gu

ngu

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n u nu g n a nu a u ng n

nga

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g ungan

g ngangu nungangunungangunun

gn ug un nunug

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nug

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angu

nug nagnu

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agn

nag

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u n un

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ang

agnunug

un u

unu

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un g

g nu n a

un u

u ng u n gun u g u gunu n n u a u nn g u g u g u n u n g g un gun gunung a gunung a gunu

nug

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nugnagnun

u ng g

nunu

ng a

C C C

gna

gu u gu nu n

ng g ga u n u g u nun g gunu ngan g ngang gu un gunun ga n g u gu unun n n un u u gun

nu ngu ngan ugnag

ng g ga un gn a nun gn ngunungangunungangu n na nunga u ug g unug n a un nung n an gunungangungunungg u ga gu n u n nu nun gunungangungunung gangunungangunungangu ag gunungangungunung gn u u n g u g n u n n n a a un g a g ngangu nu ung ngunun gunungangungunun ng nunug u n u g n u n ungu n g gnag gangununga gun na u n a gan ugnagnunu ng nag gunungangungunun an g n ang nuun unn g gangunungangununga n ng an unugnagnunugnagnunugn un unun n g u gunungangungunun gu nagn nu ag ang u g n u g u nu g nu u gunungangungunun u n g un n a gunungangungunun gnunu gunungangungunun gunungangungunung un g n gun g g ugna nug g gan gn nun n u n g aunug u ngu na un an ng g ga gn gn g ng a n g u n u n na n g g ung g g ang u u n u n ag gnunug n n ag nung ga g u nnuu unungang un a n u n g augn ga gu nun nga gn an ag u ngu u n g g g u nagnunugnagn n nu nu nu n gu nu un gun an gu g ung u n un g gu unung g nu nu n ang nu g a u unu nunga ng un g n un gu ga g nu unan gn a n u ga gu u un n g u n u n n u ng g g gu nu g u ng

this is a property of the shadow puppet performance from the javanese and balinese tribes

n u ng n un n u ung u g u g gunu nu n a n u n n u g nu u ung unng augng g u n g u n u n g a g nu n a gg u n u a gunu gunungang un ung gunu g u n u g n a gn g nu n a agnunugnagnun ug ung g nu n a ung g nu n a ung g nu n a ung g nu n a - n a g nu ung g nu n a ung g nu n a

nunn un u

gunungan //

gan

n u ng a

gan

n u ng

nun g

ngunungangun

unungangunungangunung angu ngang nung gunu ang ngan unu unu ang n g a ung ngu a gun nun a n gan a gan nun gu ga ngu nu nga n ga ga unu ng gangunungangunungan un ang gangunun gunun un u ng ung gunun gang ga ngan ng gun unu u ng gunu an u n n a n g g ng ang un nun nu ga u ng unu gu ngu ng ng an un nga an ng un unu u ng gu nu ga n gu ang n u g n un an ung g u ng a u ng ng n gun ga nu g u n n n gu u g gan un unu an nga ga nga nun ng nu ng u ng un ngun nu ngu un un ngangun ungan gu un un nga gunungangunungangunungangunungangunu an u ng ga ng gunu unung gun unu n g g n n nu g gunu n ng un gu gan ng gunun an ung an nun ng g ang unun u n u ng a n g u nu ngu unu gu unga g gu g nga n gunu gunu an n an g ng g g g a unu ng g g n gun nu gunungangunung ang u angu ung gu u n n ga n ung angu gunu an n ng nunga gun unun gan nga nu gunungang ngunungan n u ng a n g u gan gu gunungangunungangunungan n u n g an g u an ngun nun gangu unu ga ng a ngu n nu gan gun unga ng ng nungan gu nga u n g g an u ugnagnunugna nu g u n u n g a n unu ng ng un gn ng nung u an ug nu gu gunu ang agnunuuggnagn an a gu unugn ng unu ung n nu ng n an agn ug a g ng gun g u ugng nu ug nu un u u ag gan un u n n ug gu n agn ggn ag nu an nun n a g u g u g ng g g nag g gn n n u nu g u gan n nag gu ugnu gnu g nun an nu nga u angunungangun agn gnu gn ng g ngu unung u ung n u g g n a gn u n u g ga uggn u u nu nu nugnag gnun g an nga gnu un gun nu u nun gu un u g n u a g u a g u an g u u n un unu gun ugn ug ngunung ug gnunu ug gn ng an g n u g n a a n u g a g nu nu g n u n nu g unggan un nga ug a ug n g gu n u u nugn gun an nun ug unu angu gun gnagnun gunun ng gan ag n u n nung n unu ang nu gunun n gun gun g u n u n g a gn a ugn gu n ug ung a n a na an unu gun ng nug gn g g gnu nu ug g gna gn nun ag unu agn g nun nugn nu ug g agnunugnagnu

nun

unu

gu unugnagnu

n u ng

n a g nun

g a n g u nung gun an

g an n gunungangunu gangunu u u n a n gu n gu ng ngan nu n g nu unu un angu a ng u ng ung u nu ngangun

gunun

gn a n

gunu

g g n un

g g ug -n

g ug g nu g

gunungangunung

an nugnagnunu n gu nung a gunungan nagnunug ug u u gu n n ng ng g n a gn an ang ununu nagn g gu g u nu n ng a g u n u g u n g gunu g ngang gu nu nu g n nu

ang

g un

u gnagnunugnagn

gang

gan g u

un an

u n ng ga un n u

n u ng

ngu

nga

nu gu g

_ a modern spin on tradition

nga

gangun

unungangun

ngun

gnunugnagnunugnag

gangunun

n un u u n u gu unun n g unu unga g gu n gun an unnguagn n a g u n u g u n u n g a n g g u g u nun g nung un u ga gangunu ug g un u g n a g nun ug ng na g n

n u ng

unu

ugna

ang

nun

u n ung

nun

n u ng

ung

gangunu

n u ng

n nag naggun u nnugga n g unung a

nun

n u ng

u ng

nug

n nag

a gnun

u un

nu g ug

gu nu n gu u

n u ng

n ngu nga unu ang ung gn gun ugn a unugn a

nugnagnunugn

un u nunn n

unu a

gan

unugnagnunugn

nun

agn

ngu

n u nu

nu nu

ang

n un g u-

nu ng

n ng

u nga

ng u ng u n u ng

g un gu

ung

gun

unu

ga n

n gu

gan

gunungangunungangunungang gunungangu-

un un

unun

u nu n g

gan

nungangun

ang

ngunungangunungan nga

ngu

ungangunun

nga

gun

gn u n

g na

gunungangun

g na

gn u n

g na

gn u n

g na

gn u n

g na

g un nun angu

gang

unungan

ganga

13 >

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

raja ampat the latest tourist destination located in papua island, east Indonesia raja ampat //

_ a modern spin on tradition

A LAM NA T UR E

SPI C ED B Y 4 0 0 VOL C AN OE S, 1 2 8 O F WH I CH A R E

still active with 75 erupting in historic times with disastrous effects, Indonesian land enjoys frequent soil rejuvenation, allowing it to maintain its fertility and sustain a multitude of vegetations and plants. Equatorial waters of two great oceans, Atlantic, surround the Indonesian archipelago. the Pacific and the and salinity the nurturing of corals to blossom Its temperature into gradens, which in turn function as homes for whole communities of marine life, nourishment, and nurseries for thousand of fish, shellfish, sponges and marine plants, while also This richness makes the Indonesian waters one of scuba diving, deep diving, and reef exploration. 128 of which are still active with 75 erupting in effects, Indonesian land enjoys frequent soil its fertility and sustain a multitude of vegetations great oceans, the Pacific and the Atlantic, surround Its temperature and salinity allow the nurturing the Indonesian archipelago. of corals to blossom of corals into gardens, which in turn function

protecting

the shorelines.

the best sites

for snorkeling,

Spiced by

400 volcanoes,

historic times

with disastrous

rejuvenation,

allowing it

to maintain

and plants.

Equatorial

waters of two

as homes for whole communities of marine life, nourishment and nurseries for thousand of fish, shellfish, sponges, and marine plants, while protecting shorelines. This richness makes the Indonesian waters one of the best sites for snorkeling, scuba diving, deep sea diving and reef exploration.

04 1 2

05 1 3 >

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

lake T OB

upw seaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; to with 75 to mainta Indonesian fish, shellfish, and reef explor fertility and sust the nurturing into nurseries for thousan

A //

raja ampat // krakatau volcanic islands komodo island // CARSTENSZ pyramyd //

Spiced by

BORNEO forest //

twenty eight

of whic

seventy five

BROMO mountain //

eru

historic time

sustain a

Equatorial

wat

archipelago.

the nurturing

whole communities for and marine plants, while protecting makes the Indonesian waters one of scuba and reef

diving, exploration

Spiced by four hundreds volcanoes one hundred twenty eight of which are still active with seventy five erupting in historic time sustain a multitude of vegetations and plants, and unique topology.

deep best

_ a modern spin on tradition

T OB

raja ampat //

krakatau volcanic // komodo island // CARSTENSZ pyramyd // BORNEO forest // BROMO mountain //

LAKE TOBA. Lake Toba is the largest volcanic lake in the world. At 100 km long and 30 km wide, measuring 505 m at its deepest point, it is situated in the middle of the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Surrounded by tall mountains, it cradles the large island of Samosir in its middle. RAJA AMPAT. Located off the northwest tip of Bird’s Head Peninsula on the island of New Guinea, Raja Ampat, or the Four Kings, is an archipelago comprising over 1,500 small islands, cays and shoals surrounding the four main islands of Misool, Salawati, Batanta and Waigeo. Over 1,070 fish species, 537 coral species, and 699 mollusca species, the variety of marine life is really staggering. KRAKATAU VOLCANIC ISLANDS. Nestled between the large Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra is the Krakatau Volcano National Park. In the fourth century, a single marine volcano stood at this site, but in 416 A.D., the caldera of the volcano collapsed. The remnants formed a new caldera, or volcanic feature formed by the collapse of land following an eruption, around 7 km in diameter, with the peak’s remnants becoming the three islands of Verlaten, Lang and Krakatau. KOMODO ISLAND. Indonesia’s Komodo National Park includes the three larger islands Komodo, Rinca and Padar, as well as numerous smaller ones, for a total area of 1,817 square kilometers (603 square kilometers of it land). The national park was founded in 1980 to protect the Komodo dragon. CARSTENSZ PYRAMID. Indonesia, the highest peak in Oceania. Rising to over 5000 meters on the tropical island of New Guinea. It’s a steep granite wall with sharp good climbable rock. Heart of BORNEO FOREST. The forests of the Heart of Borneo are some of the most biologically diverse habitats on Earth, possessing staggeringly high numbers of unique plant and flower. The Heart of Borneo’s forest area is 1 of the only 2 places on Earth where orangutans, elephants and rhinoceros still co-exist and where forests are currently large enough to maintain viable populations. BROMO MOUNTAIN. The land is one of great variety and natural beauty. Inland, smouldering volcanic peaks soar wards to heights of more than three thousand metres. The pre-dawn departure and trek across the mountain’s ‘sand o watch the sun rise at the crater rim has become a daily ritual. Spi c e d by 4 0 0 v o l c a n o e s, 1 2 8 of w hi c h are still active 5 erupting in historic times with disastrous effects, Indonesian land enjoys frequent soil rejuvenation, allowing it ain its fertility and sustain a multitude of vegetations and plants. Equatorial waters of two great surround the n archipelago. the nurturing of corals to blossom as homes for whole communities nurseries for thousand of , sponges and marine plants, while protecting makes the Indonesian waters one of scuba diving, deep diving, ration. 128 of which are still active with 75 erupting in effects, Indonesian land enjoys frequent soil its tain a multitude of vegetations great oceans, the Pacific and the Atlantic, surround and salinity allow gardens, in which in turn function as homes for whole communities of marine life, nourishment and nds of fish, shellfish, sponges, and marine plants, while protecting the shorelines.

RA J A A MP A T PU LAU

four hundreds

volcanoes are still

O RA

one hundred active with

upting in multitude of vegetations and plants.

ters of

two great surround the Indonesian

lake A //

of corals to blossom as homes for thousands of fish, shellfish, sponge

diving, location.

06 1 2

07 1 3 >

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

SH A D O W PU P P E T

_ a modern spin on tradition

wayang // ++ +

W AY A NG wayang

w a y a n g

or so called s h a do w puppet in english is the most famous traditional PERFORMANCE in I n d o n e s i a Originated in B A L I and Java, there are different kinds of W A Y A such as wayang g o l e k, wayang k ul i t etc. The type of wayang and different s t o r will be based on the origin of the wayang performance.

One of the most famous story is RAMAYANA, with R A M A and S H I N T as the main roles.

08 1 2

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NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

wayang // ++ + +

+ + + +++ +

SH A D O

W PU P P E T

WA YA NG KULI T [I N D O N E SI A N SH A D O W P UP P ET] -

is a Javanese word for particular kinds of theatre. When the term is used to refer to kinds of puppet theatre, sometimes the puppet itself is referred to as wayang. Performances of shadow puppet theatre are accompanied by a gamelan orchestra in Java, and by gender wayang in Bali. UNESCO designated wayang kulit, a shadow puppet theatre and the best known of the Indonesian wayang, as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on In return for the acknowledgment, UNESCO November 7, 2013. required Indonesians to preserve their heritage. Wayang is term denoting traditional theatre in Indonesia. There is that wayang existed before Hinduism was brought to Southeast India around the first century CE. This leads to the that the art was imported from India or China, both of which puppetry and theatre in general. However, there very well may traditions that had a profound impact on the development of the tradition shadow puppet Wayang kulit is a unique form of theatre.

a generic no evidence Asia from hypothesis have a long

tradition of

shadow

have been

indigenous

storytelling

theatre employing light and shadow. The puppets are crafted from buffalo hide and mounted on bamboo sticks. When held up behind a piece of white cloth, with an electric bulb or an oil lamp as the light source, shadows are cast on the screen. are cast on the screen. The plays are invariably based on romantic tales, especially adaptations of the classic Indian epics, the

Mahabharata

and the

Ramayana.

Some of the

plays are also

based on

local

happening or other local secular stories. It is up to the conductor or dalang or master puppeteer to decide.

_ a modern spin on tradition

wayang // ++ +

00 2 2

01 2 3 >

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

_ a modern spin on tradition

G A D h

A o

rumah N G //gadang s e gadang house, or so called â&#x20AC;&#x153;B I G houseâ&#x20AC;? is the traditional house of MINANGKABAU tribe.

02 2 02 03 >

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

PE R O T Y

// INDONESIAN LITERATURE

P R A M O E D YA A NA N TA TO E R WA S I N D O N E SI A ’S M O S T

internationally celebrated author, having won the Magsaysay Award as well as being considered for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Other important figures include the late Chairil Anwar, a poet and member of the “Generation 45” group of authors who were active in the Indonesian independence movement. Tight information controls during Suharto’s presidency suppressed new writing, especially because of its ability to agitate for social reform. In the book Max Havelaar, Dutch author Multatuli criticised the Dutch treatment of the Indonesians, which later gained him international attention. Modern Indonesian authors include Seno Gumira Adjidarma, Andrea Hirata, Habi Burrahman El Shirazy, Ayu Utami, Gus tf Sakai, Eka Kurniawan, Ratih Kumala, Dee, Oka Rusmini. Some of their works have translated into other languages. There is a long tradition in Indonesia, particularly among ethnically Malay populations, of extemporary, interactive, oral composition of poetry. These poems are referred to as pantun.

Contemporary Indonesian

include

poets pantun.

among others,

Indone

Sutardji

Calzoum Bachri, Rendra, Taufiq Ismail, Afrizal Malna, Binhad Nurrohmat. Other important figures include

the late Chairil Anwar, a poet and memb

generation forty five group of authors wh

active in the Indonesian indepen

Tight information controls during pantun.

Indonesia pantun.

_ a modern spin on tradition

S T RA IN D O N E S I A

Contemporary

esian

poets

ber of the

ho were

ndence movement.

g president Soeharto

ndonesian

Contemporary poets Contemporary poets

04 2 2

05 2 3 >

N CE S group has

colonization.

Western styles

Middle East

Asian countries

visible, and

ranging from India,

distinct dances, makes

their own

Each ethnic

through

to European

such as

influences

China, and

neighboring

Melanesian tribal dance forms are

Indonesia. Austronesian roots and

that composed the nation of

of culture from ethnic groups

Indonesian dance reflects the diversity

Melanesian tribal dance forms are visible, and influences ranging from neighboring Asian countries; such as India, China, and Middle East to European western styles through colonization. Each ethnic group has their own distinct dances; makes total dances in Indonesia are more than 3000 Indonesian original dances. However, the dances of Indonesia can be divided into three eras; the Prehistoric Era, the Hindu/Buddhist Era and the Era of Islam, and into two genres; court dance and folk dance. There is a continuum in the traditional dances depicting episodes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata from India, ranging through Thailand, all the way to Bali. There is a marked difference, though between the highly stylized dances of the courts of Yogyakarta and Surakarta and their popular variations. While the court dances are promoted internationally, the popular forms of dance art and drama must largely be discovered locally. During the last few years, Saman from and even performed Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam has becomes rather popular and is often portrayed on TV. Reog Ponorogo is also a dance that originated from the district Ponorogo, East Java, which is a visualization of the legendary story Wengker kingdom and the kingdom of Kediri. A popular line dance called Poco-poco popular line dance called Poco-poco was originated in Indonesia and also popular in Malaysia, but in early April 2011 Malaysian Islamic dance for Muslims due to they believe it is traditionally a Christian dance and that its step make a sign of the cross.

IND O NE SIAN DANCE dance reflects the diversity of culture from ethnic groups that composed the nation of Indonesia. Austronesian roots and

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

piring topeng jai po ng kecak saman badui b a n y u m a s a n g a m b yong kipas legong lilin nandak p a k e n a p a y u n g pendet pocopoco remo r e o g serimpi t a m b un tortor

traditional dances //

list of I N

K E CA K

ING T OPE N G J A I PON G

PI R into 3 eras,

However,

total dances in Indonesia

There is a

court dance

into two

and the Era

the Prehistoric

the dances

can be divided Buddhist Era

must largely

forms of

be discovered

locally.

and drama

the popular

performed

are promoted

While the

dance art

internationally,

and even

court dances

variations.

and Surakarta and their popular

dances of the courts of Yogyakarta

though, between the highly stylized

Bali. There is marked difference,

through Thailand, all the way to

Mahabharata from India, ranging

episodes from the Ramayana and

the traditional dances depicting

continuum in

and folk dance.

genres;

of Islam, and

Era, the Hindu/

of Indonesia

Indonesian original dances.

are more than 3000

_ a modern spin on tradition

06 2 2

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n d o n e si a is a country in

outheast Asia and Oceania. ndonesia is anN E Warchipelago INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY omprising approximately 7,508 islands. It has 34 rovinces with over 238 million eople, and is the world’s fourth most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important 7th century, when Srivijaya and then with China and India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from the arly centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist ingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has een influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders brought Islam, nd European powers brought Christianity and fought ne another to monopolize trade in the Spice slands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia World War II. Indonesia’s history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change. s a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago omprising approximately 17,508 islands. It has 34 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world’s fourth most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important 7th century, when Srivijaya and then with China and India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been nfluenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim raders brought Islam, and European powers brought Christianity and fought ne another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia World War II. Indonesia’s history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed y natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid conomic change. n d o n e si a is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago omprising approximately 17,508 islands. It has 34 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world’s fourth most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important 7th century, when Srivijaya and then with China and India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu nd Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced y foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders rought Islam, and European powers brought Christianity and fought ne another to monopolize trade in the Spice slands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia World War II. Indonesia’s history has since een turbulent, with challenges posed by natural isasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization rocess, and periods of rapid economic change. s a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an rchipelago comprising approximately 17,508 islands. It as 34 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world’s fourth most populous country. The nation’s archipelago has been an important 7th century, when Srivijaya and then with China and India. Local rulers gradually and and political models from he early centuries CE, and Hindu nd Buddhist kingdoms flourished. ndonesian history has been influenced y foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders rought Islam, and European

n i y rtn u o c a s i a i s e n o d . a i n a e c O d n a a is A ts a e htu o ga lspin e p ihon cratradition na s i a is e no _ a modern yl etam ixorp pa gn is i rp 43 sah tI .s d n a l s i 805, n o i l l i m 8 3 2 r e v o ht i w s e c n i v ht ru of s’d lrow e ht s i d na ,e lp o s’no itan e hT .y rtnu o c su o lu p o p ts tn a t r o pm i n a n e e b s a h o ga l e p i h c r a neht dna ayajivirS nehw ,yrutnec ht7 d n a yl l a u d a r g s r e l u r l a c o L . a i d n I d n a a n i h C h t e ht m o r f s l e d o m l a c it i l o p d n a t s i h d d u B d n a u d n i H d n a , E C s e i r u t n e c yl s a h y r o ts i h n a is e n o d nI . d e h s i r u o l f s m o d g s t i o t n wa r d s r e w o p n g i e r o f y b d e c n e u l f n i n , m a l s I t h g u o r b s r e d a r t m i l s u M .s e c r u o s e r l a r u t t h g u o f d n a yt i n a it s i r h C t h g u o r b sr ew o p n a e p o r uE d e c i p S e ht n i e d art e z i l o p o n o m o t r e ht o n a e .y r evo c s i D fo e gA e ht gn i rud ukulaM fo s d na a is e n o d nI , ms i l a i n o l o c h c tu D f o ,tn elubrut n e eb ecn is sah yrotsih s’a isenodnI .II raW dlroW , m s i t a r a p e s , n o i t p u r r o c ,s r e t s a s i d l a r u t a n y b d e s o p s e g n e l l a h c h t . e g n a h c c i m o n o c e d i p a r f o s d o i r e p d n a ,s s e c o r p n o i t a z i t a r c o m e o ga l e p i h c r a n a s i a is e n o d nI . a i n a e c O d n a a is A ts a e htu o S n i y rtn u o c 832 r evo hti w s e c n ivorp 43 sah tI .s d na ls i 805,71 yl etam ixorp pa gn is i rp s’no itan e hT .y rtnu o c su o lu p o p ts o m ht ru of s’d lrow e ht s i d na ,e l p o e p no i l l tn a t r o pm i na neeb sah o ga l e p ihcra n e ht dna a ya j i v i r S n ehw ,y rutn e c ht 7 dna yl l a u d a r g sr e l u r la c o L .a i d nI dna an ihC ht d n a , E C s e i r u t n e c yl r a e e h t m o r f s l e d o m l a c i t i l o p d n a n e e b s a h y r o ts i h n a is e n o d nI . d e h s i r u o l f s m o d gn ik ts i h d d u B d n a u d n m i l s u M . s e c r u o s e r l a r u t a n s t i o t n wa r d s r e w o p n g i e r o f y b d e c n e u l t h g u o f d n a yt i n a it s i r h C t h g u o r b sr ew o p n a e p o r uE d n a , m a l s I t h g u o r b sr e d .y r evo c s i D fo e gA e ht gn i rud ukulaM fo s d na lsI e c ipS e ht n i e d art e z i lo p o no m ot r e ht o na e a is e no d nI ,ms i la ino l o c h c tu D fo d e s o p s e gn e l lahc hti w ,tn e lu brut n e e b e c n is sah y rots ih s’a is e no d nI .II raW d lroW d i p a r f o s d o i r e p d n a ,s s e c o r p n o i t a z i t a r c o m e d a , m s i t a r a p e s , n o i t p u r r o c ,s r e t s a s i d l a r u t a n .e gnahc c imo n o ga l e p i h c r a n a s i a is e n o d nI . a i n a e c O d n a a is A ts a e htu o S n i y rtn u o c a s i a i s e n o d 832 r evo hti w s e c n ivorp 43 sah tI .s d na ls i 805,71 yl etam ixorp pa gn is i rp s’no itan e hT .y rtnu o c su o lu p o p ts o m ht ru of s’d lrow e ht s i d na ,e l p o e p no i l l tn a t r o pm i na neeb sah o ga l e p ihcra n e ht dna a ya j i v i r S n ehw ,y rutn e c ht 7 dna yl l a u d a r g sr e l u r la c o L .a i d nI dna an ihC ht u d n i H d n a , E C s e i r u t n e c yl r a e e h t m o r f s l e d o m l a c i t i l o p d n a d e c n e u l fn i n e e b s a h y r o ts i h n a is e n o d nI . d e h s i r u o l f s m o d gn ik ts i h d d u B d s r e d a r t m i l s u M . s e c r u o s e r l a r u t a n s t i o t n wa r d s r e w o p n g i e r o f t h g u o f d n a yt i n a it s i r h C t h g u o r b sr ew o p n a e p o r uE d n a , m a l s I t h g u e c ipS e ht ni e d art e z i lo p onom ot r e ht o n a e .y r evo c s i D fo egA e ht gn i rud uk u l a M fo sdna a is e no d nI ,ms i la ino l o c h c tu D fo e c n is sah y rots ih s’a is e no d nI .II raW d lroW l ar uta n y b d e s o p s e gn e l l a h c ht i w , tn e l u b r ut n n o i t a z i t a r c o m e d a , m s i t a r a p e s , n o i t p u r r o c ,s r e t s a . e g n a h c c i m o n o c e d i p a r f o s d o i r e p d n a ,s s e c n a s i a is e n o d nI . a i n a e c O d n a a is A ts a e htu o S n i y rtn u o c tI .s d na ls i 805,71 yl etam ixorp pa gn is i rpmo c o ga l e p ih e ht s i d n a , e l p o e p n o i l l i m 8 3 2 r e v o ht i w s e c n i v o r p 4 3 s s’no itan e hT .y rtnu o c su o lu p o p ts o m ht ru of s’d lr tn a t r o pm i n a n e e b s a h o ga l e p i h c r a n e ht d na ayaj ivi rS n e hw ,y rutn e c ht7 d n a yl l a u d a r g s r e l u r l a c o L . a i d n I d n a a n i h C h t m o r f s l e d o m l a c it i l o p d n a u d n i H d n a , E C s e i r u t n e c yl r a e . d e h s i r u o l f s m o d gn ik ts i h d d u B d d e c n e u l fn i n e e b s a h y r o ts i h n a is e n o sti ot nwar d s<r e0w2o p ng i erof 03 > s r e d a r t m i l s u M .s e c r u o s e r l a r u t n a e p o r uE d n a , m a l s I th gu

NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

I N D O N E SI A I S H OM E TO VA R I O US S T Y L E S O F M USI C , with those from the island Java, Sumatra and The traditional music of central and East Java 29, 1965, Koes Plus, a leadin Indonesian pop 1980s, was imprisoned in Glodok, West Jakarta, for playing Western-style music. After the resignation was dismantled and replaced with guitars and ukulele as the main musical by Portuguese traders in the 15th Jakarta and other traditional Portuguese influences. This music genre was a contemporary form of Kroncong is called Pop musical orchestra, native of west java, received as unesco has listed the traditional west java made from bamboo in the list of intangible. The soft sasando music from the province of in west timor is completely different. Sasando (borassus flabellifer), which bears some resemblance to a harp. Indonesia is home to various styles of music, with those from the islands of java, sumatra and the traditional music of central and east java 29, 1965, koes plus, a leading indonesian pop 1980s, was imprisoned in glodok, west jakarta, for playing western style music. After the resignation was dismantled and replaced with guitars and ukulele as the main musical by portuguese traders in the 15th jakarta and other traditional portuguese influences. This music genre was a contemporary form of kroncong is called pop musical orchestra, native of west java, received as unesco has listed the traditional west java made from bamboo in the list of intangible. The soft sasando music from the province of in west timor is completely different. Sasando (borassus flabellifer), which bears some resemblance to a harp. Indonesia is home to various styles of music, with those from the islands of java, sumatra and the traditional music of central and east java 29, 1965, koes plus, a leading indonesian pop 1980s, was imprisoned in glodok, west jakarta, for playing western-style music. After the resignation was dismantled and replaced with guitars and ukulele as the main musical by portuguese traders in the 15th jakarta and other traditional portuguese influences. This music genre was a contemporary form of kroncong is called pop musical orchestra, native of west java, received as unesco has listed the traditional west java made from bamboo in the list of intangible. The soft sasando music from the province of in

A N G KL U N G

KO LI N TA N G SA

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Bali being frequently recorded. and Bali is the gamelan. On June group in the 1960s, 1970s and playing Western-style music. of President Sukarno, the law was a large shopping mall. Kroncong instruments. This genre had its century. There is a traditional Keroncong

music group

popular in

in Maluku,

the first

with strong

half of the

20th century;

Kroncong. Angklung international recognition musical instrument cultural heritage. The East Nusa Tenggara uses an instrument made of President Sukarno, the law was a large shopping mall. Kroncong instruments. This genre had its century. There is a traditional music group

Keroncong popular in

the first

in Maluku,

with strong

half of the

20th century;

Kroncong. Angklung international recognition musical instrument cultural heritage. The East Nusa Tenggara

_ a modern spin on tradition

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NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

L AN D SC A P E R EP UBLIK IND ONE SIA [I N D O N E SI A N R E P UBL I C] -

is a tropical, beautiful country in Southeast Asia archipelago comprising a total of 17,508 islands. than 238 million people, and is the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fourth the world. The nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s archipelago has been an during the 7th century, when Srivijaya and also an important trade region wiht China and India. Local rulers gradually and trade region since at least the early centuries CE, and Hindu and later Majapahit traded spices. Then, the Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms history has been influenced by foreign powers flourished. Indonesian drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders has brought Islam, and European powers has brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolize the trading in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. During the time of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia was ruled by Dutch for three and half centuries following the World War II. The history turbulent

has been ever since.

Afterwards, has been

Indonesia, challenged

by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and a very long

periods

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economic

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Field in B A L I // Indonesia is a T R O P I C A L country, thus, its land is very fertile for a g r i c u l t u r e.

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NEW INDONESIAN TYPOGRAPHY

CO LOP HON Concept and design LYDIA MULYADI // Illustration LYDIA MULYADI // Photography INTERNET RESOURCES // Printer EPSON R1800 // Printer PREPRESS // Paper ENTRADA RAG BRIGHT //

_ a modern spin on tradition

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