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ART HISTORY 4450 Post-Impressionism: Cézanne
(Left) CÉZANNE’s Mature period Still-life with Fruit (c. 1880) vs. (right) CÉZANNE’s Final Period Still-Life w/ Apples and Oranges (c. 1900)
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(Left) CÉZANNE’s Impressionist period Jas de Bouffan (c. 1875) vs. (right) CÉZANNE’s Mature period Jas de Bouffan (c. 1885)
(Left) CÉZANNE’s Impressionist period View from Jas de Bouffan (c. 1875) vs. (right) CÉZANNE’s Mature period Large Trees at the Jas de Bouffan (c. 1885)
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Cézanne: Final Period
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Trees and Rocks (1904) – – –
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perspective: planar • limited linear & aerial contour: describes boundaries forms: abstract • not seeking to “depict” • rather to compose or “construct” • motif passes from state of nature to status of an object brushwork: directional & patchy color: naturalistic light/shadow: role assumed by color
CÉZANNE’s Mature period •
Mount Sainte-Victoire – –
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motif: appears in more than 80 pictures between 1870-1906 crucial subject from 1885-86 • views show it as distant and inaccessible • gradually closes in on subject perspective: planar forms: abstract • not seeking to “depict” • rather to compose or “construct” • motif passes from state of nature to status of an object color: reconciles warm and cold tones through complements
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(Left) CÉZANNE’s Mature period Sainte-Victoire (1885-95) vs. (right) POUSSIN’s French Baroque Landscape w/ Orpheus & Eurydice (c. 1650)
CÉZANNE’s Mature period Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1882-85)
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CÉZANNE’s Mature period Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1885-87)
CÉZANNE’s Final period Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1898-1902)
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CÉZANNE’s Final Period Bathers (1890)
CÉZANNE’s Final period Large Bathers (c. 1900-06)
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CÉZANNE’s Final period Large Bathers (1900-06)
Cézanne: Figurative •
The Bather (c. 1885) – – – – –
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phase: mature “Provence” period narrative: secondary role to analysis of formal elements brushwork: thick impasto forms: outlined w/ dark contour figure: • attention to large muscle groups (e.g., pecterals, abs, quads, calves) • modestly clothed (opposite of Classical Greeks) • pose “contrapposto” composition: stable color: muted primaries (e.g., ocher reds & icy blues) • assumes role of light/shadow • patches of color describe surface planes & volumes perspective: planar
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Cézanne: Figurative •
Madame Cézanne (1888-90) – – – – –
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phase: mature “Provence” period narrative: detached human emotion; objectified forms: outlined w/ dark contour brushwork: thick impasto • patches of color describe surface planes & volumes composition: synthetic • not strictly planar • diagonal positioning of figure • balanced w/ horizontals & verticals color: assumes role of light/shadow • muted primaries (e.g., ocher reds & mustard yellows) • complimentaries (red/green) light/shadow: directed
(Left) CEZANNE’s Mature “Provence” period Madame Cézanne (1888-90) vs. (right) EL GRECO’s Mannerist Portrait of a Cardinal (c. 1575)
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Cézanne: Figurative
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Young Man in Red Vest (1890) – – –
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narrative: detached human emotion; objectified forms: outlined w/ dark contour brushwork: thick impasto • patches of color describe surface planes & volumes composition: synthetic • not strictly planar • diagonal positioning of figure • balanced w/ horizontals, verticals, and sweeping arcs color: assumes role of light/shadow light/shadow: directed
Cézanne: Figurative
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Portrait of Gustave Geffroy –
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date: 1895 • completed over a period of three months in G's library narrative: at work in library forms: outlined w/ dark contour brushwork: thick impasto • patches of color describe surface planes & volumes composition: synthetic • not strictly planar • diagonal positioning of figure • balanced w/ horizontals, verticals, and sweeping arcs color: assumes role of light/shadow light/shadow: directed
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CÉZANNE’s Mature “Provence” period Card Players (1890-92)
(Left) CARAVAGGIO’s Italian Baroque Supper at Emmaus (c. 1600) vs. (right) CÉZANNE’s Post-Impressionist The Cardplayers (c. 1890)
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IMAGE INDEX • Slide 2:
• Slide 3: • Slide 4:
(Left) CÉZANNE’s Still-life: Apples, Peaches, Pears, and Grapes (1879-80), Oil on canvas, 15 1/8 x 18 ¼ in., The Hermitage, St. Petersburg; and (right) CÉZANNE’s Still-Life with Apples and Oranges (c. 1900), Oil on canvas, 29 1/8 x 36 5/8 in., Musee du Louvre, Paris. (Left) CÉZANNE’s Impressionist period Jas de Bouffan (c. 1875); and (right) CÉZANNE’s Provence Jas de Bouffan (c. 1885) (Left) CÉZANNE’s Impressionist period Jas de Bouffan (c. 1875), Oil on canvas, 44.5 x 59 cm, Le Musée Granet; and (right) CÉZANNE’s Provence period Large Trees at the Jas de Bouffan (188587), Oil on canvas, 64.7 x 79.5 cm, Courtauld Institute of Art Gallery, London.
IMAGE INDEX • Slide 5: • Slide 6: • Slide 7:
• Slide 8: • Slide 9:
CÉZANNE, Paul. Viaduct at L'Estaque (1882), Oil on canvas, 46.5 x 55.6 cm, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH. CÉZANNE, Paul. Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1885-1895), Oil on canvas, 28 5/8 x 38 1/8 in., The Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA. (Left) CÉZANNE’s Post-Impressionist Mt. SainteVictoire (1885-95); and (right) POUSSIN’s Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice (1650), Oil on canvas, 120 x 200 cm, Musee du Louvre, Paris. CÉZANNE, Paul. Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1882-85), Oil on canvas, 65.5 x 81.7 cm, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. CÉZANNE’s Mature period Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1885-87).
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IMAGE INDEX • Slide 10: • Slide 11:
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CÉZANNE, Paul. Mt. Sainte-Victoire (1898-1902), Oil on canvas, 78 x 99 cm, The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia. CÉZANNE, Paul. The Bathers (1890), Oil on canvas, 28 x 44 cm, Musée Granet, Aix-enProvence, FR. CÉZANNE, Paul. The Large Bathers (1894-1905), Oil on canvas, 127.2 x 196.1 cm, The National Gallery, London. CÉZANNE, Paul. Large Bathers (1899-1906), Oil on canvas, 81 7/8 x 98 in., Philadelphia Museum of Art. CÉZANNE, Paul. The Bather (1885-87), Oil on canvas, 50 x 38 1/8" (127 x 96.8 cm). Lillie P. Bliss Collection, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York.
IMAGE INDEX • Slide 15: • Slide 16:
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CÉZANNE, Paul. Madame Cézanne in a Yellow Chair (1888-90), Oil on canvas, 31 7/8 x 25 5/8 in., The Art Institute of Chicago. (Left) CEZANNE’s Mature “Provence” period Madame Cézanne (1888-90); and (right) EL GRECO’s Mannerist Portrait of a Cardinal (c. 1575). CÉZANNE, Paul. Boy in a Red Vest (1890), Oil on canvas, 92 x 73 cm, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. CÉZANNE, Paul. The Card Players (1890-92), Oil on canvas, 52 ¾ x 71 ½ in., The Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA.
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IMAGE INDEX • Slide 19:
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(Left) CARAVAGGIO’s Italian Baroque Supper at Emmaus (c. 1600); and (right) CÉZANNE’s PostImpressionist The Cardplayers (c. 1890). CÉZANNE, Paul. Portrait of Gustave Geffroy (1895), Oil on canvas, 45 5/8 x 35 in., Collection Mr. and Mrs. Rene Lecomte, Paris.
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