Ear wigs

Ear wigs (Dermaptera) number ~85 known species in Australia and occur in moist habitats with leaf litter and debris, under bark and stones and in crevices. They are often yellow, red-brown or black with a flat slender body up to 30 mm in length. They are most notable for their pincers (called cerci) at the end of their abdomen, which they use to defend themselves in much the same way as a scorpion (although they are harmless to humans). Some species also release a pungent liquid to deter predators.

Ear wigs feed on insects, spiders and mites, pollen, fungi, mosses and algae and when in large numbers can damage flowers, fruits and vegetables. One species, Labidura truncata, attacks codling moth (Cydia pomonella) lar vae, so may benefit agriculture.

Female ear wigs care for their eggs and nymphs, defending them from intruders. They will clean them by licking off fungus and parasites and feed nymphs up to the second or third moult.

When open, the hind wings are thought to resemble a human ear. It is however, ver y unlikely an ear wig will crawl into your ear!

European Ear wig

European Ear wig | Forficula auricularia

This species is a pest of flower buds, often causing petals to drop. You are more likely to encounter this introduced species than one of the natives.

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There are ~530 cockroach (Blattodea) species in Australia, covering ever y terrestrial habitat. They range from 5-80 mm long and can be active both day and night, preferring dark, damp places. Their relatively flat bodies and strong legs allow them to hide in narrow spaces and run ver y fast when disturbed.

Cockroaches will eat almost anything, but usually feed on plant sap, pollen, vegetable matter and dead animals. They play an important role in decomposition that aids natural environments. Cockroaches in the home however can carr y bacteria that spread disease and contaminate food. Cockroaches are also an important part of the food web, being eaten by mammals, frogs, reptiles and other invertebrates. Some species produce an odour to deter predators.

Some females may also emit pheromones to attract males. Once mated, females can lay up to 40 eggs, four times a year. Eggs may be carried by the female to a suitable hatching location. Young cockroaches are called nymphs.

Wood Cockroach

Wood Cockroach | Neotemnopter yx sp.

While it is a close relative to one of our household pests commonly called the German Cockroach, this native species is unlikely to enter your house.

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