Th k to Thanks t
Doretta Vicini
Cycling Mainstreamed Goal and Challenge
Marie K책strup Cycle Programme City of Copenhagen
M i K책strup Marie K책 t
C Copenhagen h – Capital C it l off Denmark D k
The Past Is The Future
Belgium g
U it d St United States t
England Italy
Nobel Prize Winner Winner, Niels Bohr
Crown Princess Ingrid, Later Queen of Denmark
Former Prime Minister, Anders Fogh Rasmussen
Present Prime Minister, Lars Løkke Rasmussen
Crown Prince Frederik
Lord Mayor of Copenhagen, Ritt Bjerregaard
Mainstreaming - Policy Making - Integration on all levels - Gender, Disabled Mainstream - Mass Culture - Popular Culture - Norm
36% 55 % 30 000 30.000
55 %
Why do Copenhageners cycle ?
Easy and fast: 54 % Exercise: 19% Convenient: 7% Financial reasons: 6% Environment: 1%
- Bus Passenger - Mother - Car Driver - Pisces - Socialdemocrat - Marathon Runner - Opera Lover - Pet Owner - Copenhagener
...Cyclist?
www.ibikecph.dk
Different types of bicycles Diff Different t ttypes off cyclists li t
Bicycle Gallery Cyclist’s Guide to Copenhagen
Folding Bicycles and Urban Transportation
Velo-City Velo City 2009, 2009 Brussels May 14th, 2009 Uwe Weissflog
3P Points i t for f Today T d 1. Why folding bicycles are great for urban use. 2. Why Multi-Model commutes can make a
j difference to public transportation projects. 3. What can be done to incorporate folding bicycles
in modern cities.
The catalyst to a vision: The Oil Crisis of the 1970s
And the realization that the promise of mass transit was far from fulfilled‌
http://www retro-futurismus http://www.retro futurismus.de/ de/
The Solution: A new kind of Folding g Bicycle y
= Folding F ldi Bi Bicycles l 3 Million+ sold since 1983 1/2 Million in 2008 alone 62 Countries 6 Years of 20%+ growth Average 5-7 Patents A 57P t t a year
Many y Early y Compromises p
Today: Few compromises and many new advantages
S what So h t makes k small wheels & folding bicycles y ideal for urban use?
1. Easier to maneuver and more stable at slower speeds.
2. Lower center of gravity makes loads more stable.
3. Small Wheels offer faster acceleration.
Tests have shown that up to 16 mph mph, the small wheel is more efficient than a big wheel wheel. Between 16 and 33 mph there is little difference. Over 33 mph the gyroscopic effect of the big wheel makes it more effective. http://www.bikefriday.com/node/1660?question=1662&x=8&y=6
4. Folding Bikes take up less space when parked.
5. Allows for greater adjustability. One bike can fit the entire family.
6. Low step over height makes stopping to shop and traffic lights easier to handle.
7. Upright riding position means a better, safer view of the area.
8. Smaller Bikes use less material so they can be lighter. 8 0 kg 8.0
Š2008 WIRED
9. Easier to take it with you!
Reasons why why‌ 1.Easier to maneuver and more stable at slower speeds. p 2.Lower center of gravity makes loads more stable. 3 Small Wheels offer faster acceleration. 3. acceleration 4.Folding Bikes take up less space when parked. 5.Allows for greater adjustability. One bike can fit the
entire family. 6 Low 6. L step t over h height i ht makes k stopping t i tto shop h and d
traffic lights easier to handle. 7 Upright riding position means a better 7. better, safer view of the
area. 8 Smaller Bikes use less material so they can be lighter 8. lighter. 9.Easier to take it with you!
What is a Multi-Modal Commute? A commute that combines more than one type of transportation transportation, public or private.
Multi-Modal Commute
END
Possibilities
with Folding Bicycle END
Bicycle left at Origin
2 km
START
START
Walking With Bicycle y Folding or Not Pedestrian Radius = 1 km Bicycle Radius = 4 km
Urban Commuter Bicycles y need to have certain things: g Carrier/Rack Mudguards/Fenders Lights/Visibility Appropriate Tires •But
when you start talking about Multi-Modal
commutes one thing has even greater impact commutes, impact‌
Folding!
Folded Size & Speed p to Fold/Unfold matter most.
The benefits of Folding Bicycles extend beyond y jjust their owners‌
Public Bike Projects F ld d for Folded f Storage/Security S /S i and d fi fit iinto storage lockers. Takes up much less space than full-size nonfolding.
Maximize Existing g Infrastructure Minimal changes g required q to support/allow pp folding g bicycles. All the benefits of access at BOTH ends of the commute. Compare cost of adding new stations/facilities for bicycles VS. supporting folding bicycles that leave the station immediately.
Pedestrian Radius = 1 km Bicycle Radius = 4 km
P k and Park d Rid Ride Supplement to Congestion Charging Programs Drive only to the edge of the city and ride a folding bicycle the rest of the way.
El t i + F Electric Folding ldi Yi ld iincredibly Yields dibl green transportation. The power to go the distance - with both electric assist & multi electric-assist multimodal combined!
Issues still to be solved or further opportunities for the future of folding bicycles
Trains T i (& Buses) B ) Folding g bicycles y are different than nonfolding. Need to be classified as such. Reduced or Free fare for folding bicycles - or just allowing folding bicycles at least. Riders need to get used to using a bag or slip-cover to protect themselves and other people.
Airplanes p Most airlines still charge a “Bicycle Fee� regardless of the size of the bag bag, if they even hear there is a bike inside. Folding bicycles can fit into airline approved baggage sized, si ed yet et ma may still get charged charged. Clear Exception: JetBlue (USA)
A t Automobiles bil Already working with some auto-makers auto makers. Fit a folding g bicycle y in a car for commuting, g, leisure, or emergency use. Why provide a limited use, short-distance spare tire tire, when a folding bicycle takes up about the same space?
P bli A Public Acceptance t Historically, many people want to stick with a full-sized non-folding bicycle. Test rides help a lot because people Test-rides discover for themselves the benefits. 20” Wheeled Folding Bicycles and Minig “Green Status Velos becoming Symbols” and popular fashion in some markets.
Summary For Citizens: Folding bicycles are the perfect urban vehicle – small, maneuverable, bl easy to t store t and d use with ith other th public bli transportation. For City Planners: Folding bicycles work with all types of transportation to enable green Multi-Modal commutes Can save money on public works projects, by increasing access without additional infrastructure investment
The question is no longer why folding bicycles, bicycles but why not not.
Dr. Peter Cox
University of Chester
Cycling into the Future or Trapped in the Past: infrastructure, technology and innovation
C cling as we Cycling e know kno it Over 100 y years of tradition • Familiar presumptions and expectations seen in best practice guidance • 95% values based on solo cycle without luggage • Need to ask if these will suffice for the future – Will th they be b appropriate i t ffor changed h d circumstances?
C cling As It Could Cycling Co ld Be • More trips, more often = more uses, uses more purposes • Different uses = different bicycles, different riders • Cycling ‘as as we know it’ acts as a trap to limit cycling ‘as it could be be’ • Facilities built to 95% rule may not facilitate new uses, users and cycle designs g
Implications p of Increased Modal Share • Need to understand diversity of cycling practices • Diverse needs may conflict • Cycling C li ttakes k place l in i a broader context of urban space use • Cycling is part of a continuum of urban transport • What do we want to prioritize and why?: the diffi lt political difficult liti l di dimension i
Di e sit Use Diversity: Users s • Variables – Age – Stage in lifecycle – Solo or in groups g p
• Family groups or peer groups – Health / fitness – Experience – Culture
• All affect riding y , purposes, p p , styles, preferences
Di e sit Tasks Diversity: • Variable reasons for cycling – Transport of persons
• Individual • Rider with 1 or more Children • Rider with other adults – Transport of Goods
• Shopping • Work – Leisure ((speed p unimportant) p ) – Fitness (performance oriented)
• Time constraints • All ffactors affect ff types off cycles l and d performance
Diversity: y Cycle y Design • Folding Cycles – Significant advantages for intermodality (if other modes can accommodate suitcase-size luggage) – Parking space at original and destination minimised – Interaction with design of other modes – Small wheels can be more vulnerable l bl tto poor road surfaces
Carrying y g Loads: Integral • Transport cycles – Stretched wheelbase – Platform 2 wheeler – Tricycle • Implications – Slower acceleration with ith load – Longer braking distance – Larger parking area (length and width for loading)
• D Dedicated di t d d design i maximises utility
Carrying y g Loads: Attachments • Trailers, Trailers trailer bikes – Longer parking spaces – Less manoeuvrable – Difficult to reverse
• Work with existing cycles • Maximum use for both around utility sites e.g. shops, schools • May not integrate well with faster cycle traffic • Require routes without barriers and restrictions
Feet Fo a d c Feet-Forward cycles cles
• Seated posture for comfort feet down at comfort, stop y useful for • Particularly older riders • Step-through frames also enable bl use b by those th with ith reduced limb function • Potential for tricycle layout to benefit those with balance problems and d other h impairment i i • Slightly longer than 95%
Recumbents & Velomobiles • Comfort and aerodynamic y benefits • Potentially higher speed (24km/h cruise) • Suitable to fit with weatherproof and aerodynamic fairings • Velomobiles extend bodyshell principle further • Current design speed for cycle facilities 20km/h – does not encourage more efficient cycle design
Assisted Power: Human– motor Hybrids • Electric assist (pedelec) & electric power (e-bikes) • Guideline max speed 25km/h (can limit development) • Design potential from minimal assist to full auto-mobility • E-bikes, velomobiles and some recumbents frequently in 20 2040km/h speed range • No legislative space for experimental assisted power vehicle class in EU
Bette Solutions Better Sol tions • Understand d d variety i off requirements • Allocation of transit spaces • Both higher speed/longer distance transit and local circulation requirements • Sustainable mobility requires q diversity y of options p and solutions • No ‘one size fits all’ solution But • Some sizes can limit who participates
Thank You Yo – Keep Riding
Wouter Florizoone BBL
Hi t History • 1997: started as a local campaign
(alternative for an extra circle road around city of Hasselt)
• 2002: Dutch D h speaking ki part of Belgium • 2006: export to The Netherlands • 2009: 9 first time in Brussels
T Target t groups and d goals l • Broad public: – Raising awareness – Effective behaviour change
• Local entreprises: – Promoting local shops (< (<-> > shopping malls)
• Local communities: – More attention for cycling policy
P t Partnership hi • BBL: federation for environmental NGO’s • Fietsersbond: cyclist union • UNIZO: umbrella organisation for small and p medium entreprises • Christelijke Mutualiteit: Christian health service
2009 : new concept
2009 : new conceptt â&#x20AC;˘ Save 8 stamps for the cycle bag (every shop visit with bicycle = 1 stamp)
â&#x20AC;˘ Save 6 stamps for lotery (Win 250 exclusive bikes!)
Bag g and bikes @ Walterstore
M k ti Marketing ‘09 ‘ ( ) (1) • 5 regional events: free Bikewash
M k ti Marketing ‘09 ‘ ( ) (2) • Cycle Chic blog: www. cyclechic.be
M k ti Marketing ‘‘09 (3) ( ) Launch event : Fashion Show on 16 may NAKED09, Antwerp.
R Results lt ((1)) 2002: 43 communities
2009: 196 9 communities
R Results lt ((2))
28% more bike trips
M More iinformation f ti Bond Beter Leefmilieu T Tweekerkenstraat k k t t 47 B-1000 Brussels info@belgerinkel.be T l +32(0)22821720 Tel. ( ) 8