Faculty of social sciences School of languages Grammar magazine English pragmatic grammar Lic. Delmy Amaya Students: BaĂąos Moreno Keyla Tatiana #8 Cabezas de LeĂłn Evila Madai #10
December, 2017
UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE EL SALVADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES ESCUELA DE IDIOMAS ASIGNATURA
: Grammar
SECCION
PROFESOR
: Licda. Delmy Amaya
EVALUACIÓN
: Grammar Magazine
CICLO
AULA
02-2017
GG.10
NOTA FINAL
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FECHA: ESTUDIANTE: ____________________________________
CARNÉ:
Grammar Magazine (60%) Competence: Apply knowledge learned during this semester by creating a grammar magazine. RUBRIC
CRITERIA The magazine has at least 15 pages. The magazine has all the elements. The magazine is very creative. The magazine looks very professional The content is logic and does not have any grammar mistake or spelling. It’s organize according with the order given. It has some pictures examples and their explanation It has adequate pictures. Students follow all the instructions.
SCORE 5 5 5 5 5
4 4 4 4 4
3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 TOTAL: _______
1 1 1 1
Comments: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2
Introduction This magazine was made with the purpose of ending this course with a complete summary of everything we learned during the semester. Starting with the first topic, parts of speech, we learn the basic parts of a speech and the use of every part, then we continue with the sentence structure, and we learn the four types of sentences and how to use them and join them; we continue with the type of clauses to learn about the independent and dependent clauses, we end up with the active and passive voice to learn what is the most used and how to make an active voice to a passive voice; we also have a summary of the expositions of our classmates about common mistakes in grammar and at the end we have our final thought on this course.
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Table of content Parts of speech
5-6
Examples
7
Sentence structure
8-9
Examples
10
Types of clauses
11
Examples
12
Active and passive voice
13
Examples
14
Common mistakes
15-18
Conclusion
19
Bibliography
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Parts of speech There are eight parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. The part of speech indicates how the word functions in meaning as well as grammatically within the sentence. An individual word can function as more than one part of speech when used in different circumstances.
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Examples:
In this picture we appreciate four types of adjectives (possessive, of number, descriptive, demonstrative), a noun, and a verb.
In this picture we can appreciate all the parts of speech. First we have the interjection, then we have a pronoun, after we have the conjunction to join the rest of the sentence, after that we have the adjective that is modifying the noun that is the next one we have, we also have a verb and a preposition to modify it. At the end we got the adverb that modifies the verb.
This picture starts with a pronoun, then there’s a verb, after that there’s an adjective that is modifying the following noun, we also have a conjunction that is joining two sentences, a new pronoun, a new verb and another pronoun.
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Sentences structure Sentence are group of words that come together to express complete thoughts. They make it easy to understand ideas and learn information. A sentence may be one of four kinds, depending upon the number and type(s) of clauses it contains.
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Examples:
 In this picture we have two examples of a compound sentence, first we have an independent clause, then we have a coordinating conjunction to join the rest of the sentence, and at the end we have another independent clause.
 In this picture we have a compound-complex sentence, the first and second independent clauses are marked in yellow and joined by a coordinating conjunction, and then we have the dependent clause at the end joined by an adverb.
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Types of clauses A clause is a group of words that contains at least a subject and a verb. Every sentence contains at least one clause. Some sentences can have two or more clauses. There are two major clauses called: dependent and independent clauses. And those two clauses have some subgroups.
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Examples:
 In this picture we have an example of two independent clauses joined by a connector, but both sentences make sense on their own.
 In this picture we have an independent and a dependent clause joined by a connector, the first sentence is the independent clause that makes total sense without the rest and the second one is a dependent clause that doesn’t sound okay without the first part.
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Active and passive voice An action of a subject, in relation to an object, is expressed in two ways. These two ways of expressing action of a subject are known as “voices�. The structure of the same sentence changes when expressed as active voice or passive voice. The meaning of a sentence, either expressed as active or passive voice, remains the same.
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Examples:

In this picture we have an example of how a sentence can change its structure to change voices. In the first one we have the active voice with the normal structure doer + action + receiver. In the second we change it and now the receiver goes first, then the action and at the end the doer; but this doesn’t change the meaning of the sentence.
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In this picture we got the same as the last one. The first sentence in active voice starts with the doer of the action, then the action, and at the end the receiver. In the passive voice is the other way around.
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Annexes Common mistakes Some words ending in –ly are adjectives, and not normally adverbs. Examples are: costly, cowardly, deadly, friendly, likely, lively, lonely, silly, miserly and unlikely.
Say means to pronounce words or sounds, to express a thought, opinion, or suggestion, or to state a fact or instruction. Tell means to say something to someone, often giving them instructions or information. Mistake: she said me good bye.
TOO MUCH + singular /uncountable Last winter, there was too much snow.
>TOO MANY + plural There are too many dogs in towns!
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Most English verbs form the past tense and the past participle by adding ed—want/wanted, help/helped, etc.
Articles are used before a noun. The articles are A/AN, the. a/an are used before singular countable nouns. Mistake: I have a sisters.
Connectors or linkers are words or groups of words that help us connect words, phrases or sentences. Thanks to them, we can express relationships between ideas and improve our expression by making longer, more complex sentences.
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The plural of “child” is “children” – because the word “children” is already plural, we don’t add “s.” Another possibility is to say “kids,” which is an alternative word for “children.”
Possessive adjectives describe to whom or to what something belongs. There is one possessive adjective for each grammatical person.
Basic Principle: Singular subjects need singular verbs; plural subjects need plural verbs.
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Many people think any sentence that has a verb like is, was, or were is passive voice, but that's not true. A passive sentence is when the object of the sentence gets promoted to the subject position.
(A) little and (a) few are quantifiers meaning ‘some’. Little and few have negative meanings. We use them to mean ‘not as much as may be expected or wished for’.
There are some mistakes when it comes to express a specific time of the week or maybe a time in general.
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Conclusion This semester was a complete surprise for us. The new things we learned made us feel that we are one step closer to finally have a great level of English. The most important thing we learned is that learning English is not something you do in a few weeks, it has its rules and its mistakes, it also has exceptions and it’s important for us to know them all or at least the most important ones because our English is not only for speaking to someone else. It’s also to be prepared for the future and the career we chose. It’s been a long journey for us because there were some things and some topics that were harder to understand like type of clauses, or the sentence structures, but we are glad we had the correct guidance and help to improve at those topics and add them to the list of things we know. Also, sometimes it was hard to keep up with the fast pace and the numerous tasks we had but we understand that we have to work harder than ever so that in the future we can be great professional.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.butte.edu/departments/cas/tipsheets/grammar/parts_of_speech.html https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/parts-of-speech.htm https://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/sentence-structure.html https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/sentences.htm http://fos.iloveindia.com/types-of-clauses.html https://learningnerd.com/2006/09/08/english-grammar-types-of-clauses/ http://www.studyandexam.com/active-passive-voice.html we made the mind maps in: https://app.imindq.com/
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