Live the French Riviera as an artwork
2 Live the French Riviera as an artwork
Baie des Anges - Sky by Pierre Bonnard
Live the French Riviera
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as an artwork In the beginning, there was light: exceptional light that attracted the greatest artists to the Riviera, where they chose to remain. Painters - mediaeval and baroque, 19th-century landscape artists, Impressionists, Fauvists, Expressionists, contemporary artists - all found a land of inspiration here to match their talent. The French Riviera or Côte d’Azur became a crucible for masterpieces that form today an exceptional artistic heritage. From the coast to the villages of the hinterland, it can be discovered in museums, galleries, palaces, castles, chapels... And the art of the Riviera continues to thrive outdoors along the beaches, in the streets, squares, Mediterranean gardens or in the middle of nowhere. “La Côte d’Azur des Peintres” invites you to follow in the footsteps of these artists, in town or off the beaten track. The “Itinéraire sur les pas des grands maîtres” (an itinerary in the great masters’ footsteps) will take you to the heart of the natural settings and towns with their charm intact, where famous artists set up their easels. You, too, will be able to admire the exceptional sights immortalized in their works, reproduced on lecterns marking out the itinerary. “La Côte d’Azur des Peintres” then takes you to key venues for contemporary art, museums and foundations dedicated to avant-garde painters, as well as more unexpected places, hotels, restaurants, alternative galleries for a different relationship with art. Beloved of painters, the French Riviera maintains privileged ties with them. And today more than ever, from the Riviera to the Alpine foothills, art is part of the landscape...
Contents An itinerary in the great masters’ footsteps Painters of the French Riviera
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From one lectern to the next, another approach
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Idling on azure
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Dream settings - life size
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“Cities of Art”
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Painters’ favourite sights on the Riviera
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Spotlight on... Nice, cultural capital of the French Riviera
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Painting on the Riviera today Havens for contemporary art
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Life through painting
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For more… Discovering the late Gothic “Niçois primitives”
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Baroque, inspirational art
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4 In the great masters’ footsteps... the lecterns
An itinerary in the great masters’ footsteps
At the origin of the main pictorial movements of the 19th and 20th centuries, they left their marks on painting and on the French Riviera: Renoir, Monet, Bonnard, Derain, Matisse, Picasso, Chagall, Dufy, Cocteau, Soutine... Their works and palettes were influenced, revealed, even
empowered by their discovery of the light, colours and spectacular landscapes of the Mediterranean. During their travels or during a stay, they succumbed to the charm of this land so different with its ever-present sun. By the sea, amid the pine and olive trees, in the shade of little town squares or on a steep sloping street, they set up their easels. And they captured all the magic of the Riviera, moments they immortalized on their canvases. You will discover exceptional works and sights along this route
in the footsteps of the great masters. From the coast to the hinterland, some sixty lecterns mark out the itinerary, placed at the exact spots where they created their paintings. Your eyes will then see precisely what they saw. Looking at these preserved landscapes, you will be able to share their emotion. And you will understand the powerful attraction that bound them so strongly to the French Riviera...
Painters of the French Riviera
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As you follow the itinerary “La Côte d’Azur des Peintres”, you will see the names and works of these artists. Presentation... Emmanuel Bellini, born in 1904 in Monaco, settled in Cannes as an architect. A self-taught painter, he created his first canvas in 1948 and his exhibitions met with success as early as 1949. The painters Louis Pastour and Jean-Gabriel Domergue praised him. His work is dominated by intense colours with Fauvist and Impressionist accents. Pierre Bonnard, born in 1867 in Fontenay-auxRoses. He discovered Paul Gauguin in the School of Fine Arts (Beaux-Arts) which was to have a great influence on his life. He became a member of the “Nabis”, a group of painters who embraced colour and symbolism rather than the naturalism of the impressionist painters. Eugène Boudin, born in 1824 in Honfleur. He moved to Paris in 1849 where he began studying art and became close friends with Courbet and Monet, whom he was to influence strongly. A passionate traveller, he travelled far and wide and fell in love with life at sea. Marc Chagall, a Belarusian Jew by origin, born in 1887. The Master of Surrealism moved to SaintPaul in 1966 where he worked without cease until his death in 1985. Jean Cocteau, born in 1889 in Maisons-Laffitte. Being, at different times in his life a poet, a draftsman, a graphic artist, a playwright and a film director, he had a profound effect on his period and hence after. Joseph Contini, born in 1827. In 1863, this landscape painter from Milan settled in Cannes where he gave classes, in particular to Adolphe Fioupou. He participated in the Universal Exhibition of 1878 in Paris when he was decorated with the Order of the Crown of Italy. Henri-Edmond Cross (born H.E. Delacroix), born in 1856 in Douai. He was part of the Pointillist movement. Employing strong lively colours, his work is luminous and bright. Emile Charles Dameron, landscape painter, born in1848 in Saumur-en-Auxois. He moved toward the Barbizon style where nature and its subjects are the central theme in pictorial works.
Gould became her sponsor. She loves to paint the landscapes of Nice near the sea: the Port, Promenade des Anglais, the beach at La Tour Rouge. Maurice Gottlob, born in Paris in 1885. This artist was initially a sculptor, with models such as Mistinguett and Charlie Chaplin. He first began painting the old quarters in Paris and then moved to Mougins where he painted numerous landscapes and portraits. Jacques Guiaud, born in 1810 in Chambéry. In 1847, he moved to Nice with his family until 1960. On return to Paris, he returned frequently to his city of adoption on the Côte d’Azur until the end of his life. Henri Harpignies, born in 1819 in Valenciennes. He glorified the landscapes of the South of France with realism and tenderness. A Landscape painter in watercolour, Anatole France nicknamed him the “Michael-Angelo of Trees”. Armand Ingenbleek, born in Alsace in 1896. He was part of a group of painters from Alsace who were closely linked to Impressionism. Friend of the well renowned Hansi, he expressed his visions using strongly contrasting colours. Joseph Inguimberty, born in Marseille in 1896. Joseph Inguimberty was the director of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Hanoï from 1925 to 1946 and created there a department to study and teach the art of lacquer. Back in France, he was inspired by the landscapes in Menton and he took part in the most important exhibitions of the time. William H. Johnson, black American painter born in 1901. He belonged to a tradition of painters dedicated to religious expression within the AngloAmerican community. An experienced artist, he spent several years in Europe among the many Avant-Garde artists. Charles Labor, born in Béziers in 1813. This landscape painter studied with Auguste Barthélemy Glaize. He began with the Salon in 1839 and was Curator of the Museum of Béziers from 1859 until his death in 1900. He painted fine landscapes in the Hérault département as well as Southern France, including many seascapes.
Ferdinand Deconchy, born in 1859 in Paris. After having studied architecture, he began to orientate more toward painting, and in particular the work of Claude Monet. In 1884, he moved to the Côte d’Azur, and it is he who, at the beginning of the 20th Century, encouraged Renoir to come to Cagnes-sur-Mer.
Louis-Ernest Lessieux, born in La Rochelle in 1848. While holidaying in Menton he was awarded the contract to design posters for the town by the “Compagnie Générale des Transatlantiques”... He then moved to Menton and taught art to the residing English colony on the Côte d’Azur.
André Derain, born in 1880 in “Ile de France”. Along with Matisse, he was one of the leaders of Fauvism. From 1906, he became strongly influenced by Gauguin and met such artists as Picasso, Braque and even Apollinaire.
Henri Matisse, born in 1869 in the North of France. He created a scandal in his use of bright colours and went onto become the head of the Fauvist movement. At 48, the artist came to Nice, where he remained until his death in 1954, at the age of 84.
Raoul Dufy, born in 1877 in Havre. He discovered Fauvism, which he then abandoned to study the technique created by Paul Cézanne. In 1911, he married a young girl from Nice and thus discovered the Côte d’Azur. Adolphe Fioupou, born in 1824 in Le Cannet. Cannes and the Estérel coastline was the principal source of his inspiration. An Officer of the Academy, he proved to be one of its best students as well as highlighting the beauty of the region’s landscapes. Maurice Frido, born in 1926 in Paris. Today he lives in Ascona, though he retains a great love for Menton. Influenced by Ignace Rubinstein, he studied under: Worms, Brayer and Bezombes He is still a member of the “Union Nationale des Artistes Français” and the “Association Belle Arti de Lugano”. Monique Giresse, born in 1926 in Villeneuve-sur-Lot. Studied at the Arts Décoratifs School in Nice, later won the Grand Prix de la Jeune Peinture Méditerranéenne and the wealthy American Dorothy
Jean-Louis Ernest Meissonier, born in 1915 in Lyon. His paintings were probably among the most expensive that were sold in the 19th Century. His work is a perfect example of the academic leanings in the world of art at the time. Claude Monet, born in 1840 in Paris. Toward 1860, he created a new philosophy in painting and thus led the Impressionist movement. Little by little, he gained a certain notoriety and recognition from the critics. Charles Nègre, born in 1820 in Grasse. He was fascinated by street life and human activity in general. His search brought him to adopt the art of photography from the beginning of the 1850’s. Yvon Peron, born in Paris in 1910 of Breton origin, his was initially an illustrator for magazines, then stage designer, author of comic strips, clothes designer for houses such as Grès, Balmain… He lived in Grasse from 1950 onwards, mastering the techniques of oils, gouache and charcoal.
Raymond Peynet, born in 1908 in Paris. He studied in the school of Applied Arts, opting for advertising design. Later he created and gave life to his famous character: a little violinist with a round hat, who was joined shortly after by his skinny partner, thus the couple “Les amoureux de Peynet” were born. Pablo Picasso, born in 1881 in Malaga, co-founder with Braque of the Cubist movement. He was one of the most important artists of the 20th century. He produced his first works at the very young age of eight. After his blue period from 1901 to 1903, he moved to Paris, living on the “bateau-lavoir”, where he commenced his pink period. As of 1906, he produced his first “Cubist” paintings. He moved to the Côte d’Azur after the War and his paintings expressed the joy of life that the region offered him. He was buried in 1973 in the gardens of the “Château de Vauvenargues”, close to Aix-enProvence. Pierre Auguste Renoir, born in 1841 in Paris. Friend of Sisley and Monet, he was initially fascinated by the Impressionists, then returned to drawing with an obvious preference for the pictorial technique. Seeking the Mediterranean climate, he moved to the now well renowned domain “Collettes” in Cagnes-sur-Mer. Chaïm Soutine, Jewish painter born in the ghetto in Belarus in 1893. He lived a very difficult early life. At 17, he decided to leave to dedicate himself wholly to painting and met Léger and Chagall, becoming a member of the Nabis movement. Erwin Sutter, a painter from Alsace born in 1897. He moved to Grasse in 1932. Chafed by war, Erwin Sutter joined the Expressionist movement. Raymond Tournon, born in 1870 in Gaillac-surTarn. He lived in Villefranche-sur-Mer in the 1920’s –1930’s where he adored the quality of light. A classical painter by origin, initially for the press, he rapidly joined the Impressionist movement. Félix Vallotton, a painter and wood engraver, born in 1865 in Lausanne. The artist was enthralled by the world around him, adoring the shapes and colours he observed. From 1910 he became totally fascinated by sunsets. Emile Wery, born in 1868 in Reims. After having studied in the “Académie Julian” and becoming friends with Dufy, Emile Othon Friesz but above all Matisse (with whom he travelled in 1895/96), he became famous for his portraits of famous personalities, which were much admired. He also possessed a neo-impressionist dimension. He moved to Cagnes-sur-Mer in the 1920’s where he ornated the walls of the Hôtel du Cagnard with magnificent frescos, right next to his demeure. Félix Ziem, born on 25 February 1821 in Beaune (Burgundy). This French painter of the Barbizon School is best known for his seascapes. He is the only artist whose works were displayed in the Louvre during his lifetime. After 1841, he regularly visited Southern France before establishing his studio in Nice in 1880 where he spent most of his time.
6 In the great masters’ footsteps... the works
Notre Dame Chapel of Misericorde Ferdinand Deconchy (circa 1900) Haut-de-Cagnes, Rue Hippolyte Guis
Cagnessur-Mer
Antibes Juan-les-Pins
Antibes, Afternoon Effect Claude Monet (1888) Promenade Pierre Merli Ponteil/Salis
Landscape near Cagnes André Derain (1910) Haut-de-Cagnes, St-Paul Gate
Way up to Bourgade Emile Wery Haut-de-Cagnes, Montée de la Bourgade
Antibes seen from the Salis Claude Monet (1888) Cap d’Antibes Boulevard de Bacon
Landscape at Les Collettes Pierre Auguste Renoir (1914) In the gardens of the Renoir Museum
Place du Haut de Cagnes en hiver Monique Giresse (1979) Haut-de-Cagnes, Place du Château
Morning at Antibes Claude Monet (1888) Cap d’Antibes Boulevard de Bacon
The farm at Les Collettes Pierre Auguste Renoir (1915) In the gardens of the Renoir Museum
Harbour of Antibes Eugène Boudin (1893) Pointe de l'Ilet
La Montée de Cagnes Chaïm Soutine (1923-24) Haut-de-Cagnes, on the Planastel car park
Cannes Adolphe Fioupou (1862) Near the kiosk, Pantiéro
Antibes Henri-Edmond Cross (born H.E. Delacroix) (1908) Square Albert 1er
Landscape, Chemin des Caucourts Chaïm Soutine (1924) Haut-de-Cagnes, Montée des Caucours
Vue de Cannes Joseph Contini Boulevard du Midi
Antibes, la promenade à cheval, l’artiste et son fils Charles Jean-Louis Ernest Meissonier (1868) Promenade Pierre Merli Ponteil/Salis
Landscape at Cagnes Chaïm Soutine (1923) Haut-de-Cagnes, Place Notre-Dame de la Protection
Le Quai Saint Pierre et la Douane Charles Labor Quai Saint-Pierre
Le marché du Cours Masséna à Antibes Emile Charles Dameron (end of the 19th Century) Corner of Rue Sade and Cours Masséna
The Road Up the Hill Chaïm Soutine (1922) Haut-de-Cagnes, Rue Hippolyte Guis
Cannes, la rue Félix Faure Emmanuel Bellini (1965) Flower Market
Antibes Henri Harpignies (1888) Boulevard du Cap (top of the steps)
Cagnes-sur-Mer William H. Johnson (1926-29) Haut-de-Cagnes, Montée de la Bourgade
The lovers by the ramparts Raymond Peynet (1985) Pointe de l'Ilet
Les cyprès à Cagnes Henri-Edmond Cross (born H.E. Delacroix) (1908) Haut-de-Cagnes, Sainte-Anne car park
View of Grasse Raoul Dufy (circa 1930) Cours Honoré Cresp
Night Fishing at Antibes Pablo Ruiz y Picasso (1939) Bastion Saint André, Museum of History and Archaeology
Mimosas en fleurs à Cagnes Félix Vallotton (1921) Haut-de-Cagnes, Montée de la Bourgade
Mills Area Charles Nègre (circa 1860) Place du Pontet
Street in old Cagnes at sunset Félix Vallotton (1920) Haut-de-Cagnes, Courtine Saint-Sébastien
Rue de la Fontette Erwin Sutter (1935) Rue de la Fontette
Cannes
Grasse
From one lectern to the next,
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another view of the French Riviera
View of Grasse Yvon Peron (1996) Cours Honoré Cresp
Bay of Villefranche Eugène Boudin (1892) Promenade des Marinières
Mougins
Paysage de Mougins II Pablo Ruiz y Picasso (1965) Chapelle Notre-Dame-deVie car park
View of Villefranche Jacques Guiaud (1856) Quai Amiral Courbet
Ciel d’orage sur Cannes Pierre Bonnard (1945) Chemin des Collines
L’Etang de Mougins Maurice Gottlob (1948) Fontmerle pond
Les filets de Villefranche Raymond Tournon (1918) Quai Amiral Courbet
Lanscape at Le Cannet Pierre Bonnard (circa 1927) Gardens of the Hôtel de Ville
Porte Sarrazine Maurice Gottlob (1930) Porte Sarrazine
Fontaine à Villefranche Armand Ingenbleek (1927) Place Félix Poullan
The Pink Street Pierre Bonnard (1934) 30, avenue Victoria
Village de Mougins sous ciel nuageux Maurice Gottlob (1946) Car park in front of the administrative centre
Paysage du Midi Pierre Bonnard (circa 1923) Le Cannet Corner of rue Jean Mermoz and rue Tavel
La Chapelle Notre Dame de Vie Maurice Gottlob (1943) Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Vie
Le Cannet
Parvis Saint Michel Raoul Dufy (circa 1927) Parvis Saint-Michel
Couple in the blue landscape Marc Chagall (1969-71) Route de La Colle Carrefour Calder
La Place Saint Michel et les trois clochers Joseph Inguimberty (1965) Parvis Saint-Michel
Couple above Saint Paul Marc Chagall (1968) Chemin de Sainte-Claire
Grande vue de Menton Maurice Frido (2002) Place du Cimetière at the Old Castle
Table in front of village Marc Chagall (1968) Chemin de Sainte-Claire
Le port de Menton vu de la route d’Italie Ernest Louis Lessieux Belvédère du Clos du Peyronnet, Boulevard de Garavan Barques et pêcheurs, baie est de Menton Ernest Louis Lessieux Rondelli stadium
Villeneuve-Loubet André Derain (1905) Chemin Pas de Bonne Heure
Pêcheur au bord du Loup Félix Ziem Avenue des Plans Roundabout at “Les Bords du Loup” motorway exit
Saint-Paulde-Vence
Menton
VilleneuveLoubet
Villefranchesur-Mer
Rue Obscure Jean Cocteau (1956-57) Rue Obscure
Les Bords du Loup Charles Perrot (circa 1940) Avenue des Plans Across from the bridge
The “Painters of the Côte d’Azur” Route has been put in place by the Comité Régional du Tourisme Riviera Côte d’Azur. This concept has been made possible through the collaboration and assistance of the Alpes-Maritimes Regional Council, the Regional Council of the Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur and the partner towns and cities of the region such as Antibes Juanles-Pins, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Cannes, Grasse, Le Cannet, Menton, Mougins, Saint-Paul-de-Vence, Villefranche-sur-Mer and Villeneuve-Loubet.
8 In the great masters’ footsteps... idling on azure
Idling on azure
La Croisette - Cannes
From Cannes to Menton, the water, rocks and sky blend in a stream of unique landscapes.
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They can be discovered from a curve on the Corniche roads overlooking the coast, along a trail, on shingle or sandy beaches, on capes and in small harbours nestled in lovely bays. The coast, both untamed and gentle, charmed landscape painters, Impressionists, Fauves... They all plunged their artist’s souls in the gold and blue monochromes. Through this itinerary, discover the works inspired by the Mediterranean Sea they loved so much some of them never left.
Raoul Dufy (1877-1953) La Baie des Anges à Nice (circa 1927) Jules Chéret Museum of Fine Arts, Nice In 1911, at the age of thirty-three, Dufy married a girl from Nice, thereby reinforcing his attachment to the French Riviera. Here, he found all the necessary ingredients for his art. He wrote: “The painter constantly needs to see a certain quality of light, a flickering, an airy palpitation bathing what he sees.”
10 In the great masters’ footsteps... idling on azure Lecterns
Museums
Visits
Impressions of Antibes Dominated by the Grimaldi Castle that now houses the Picasso Museum, the town of Antibes proudly overlooks the Mediterranean, rich with its 3,000-year history. From its imposing ramparts to the seaside resort of Juan-les-Pins lies a peninsula full of contrasts, lined with beaches of fine sand, welcoming harbours and rocky inlets bounded by sheer cliffs. Twenty-five kilometres of coastline where Impressionists and Pointillists set up their easels to capture the miracle of light in this natural Eden, on the blue waves caressing or beating against the ramparts. www.antibesjuanlespins.com
The quest for light “In order to paint here, one would need gold and precious stones.”, Claude Monet wrote in 1888 during his stay at Cap d’Antibes. The unreal intensity of the Mediterranean light struck the painter. In the morning, in the afternoon, he worked ceaselessly to capture its incessant shimmering on the ramparts of the old town, the leaves and the surface of the water. The shapes are diluted in the ambient scintillation where the beauty of the moment lingers...
Claude Monet (1840-1926) Antibes seen from the Salis (1888) Toledo Museum of Art, Ohio, United-States
An absolute must: the Picasso Museum The first museum to be dedicated to the master, the Picasso Museum of Antibes is home to some 245 of his works. Displayed in the Grimaldi Castle, this exceptional collection is the result of the privileged ties between Pablo Picasso and the town where the artist was invited, in 1946, to set up a studio. Six months later, after a period of intense creation, he left 23 paintings and 44 drawings to the city of Antibes. The best known include: La Joie de vivre, Satyre, faune et centaure au trident, Le Gobeur d’oursins, La Chèvre, the Antipolis series, Têtes de faunes, etc. More works by Picasso have been added since: paintings, drawings, ceramics, prints and tapestries. There are also works by other contemporary masters like Picabia, Nicolas de Staël, Hans Hartung, Balthus, Brassaï, Yves Klein, etc.
“What I will take back from here will be the mildness itself white, pink, blue - all wrapped up in that magical air.”
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Claude Monet
Focus on the magic of the Riviera As you walk along the seafront, you, too, can admire the same bewitching landscapes and the works they inspired: Plage de la Salis (beach), Promenade du Bastion, Pointe de l’Ilet and Boulevard de Bacon on Cap d’Antibes. Winding near the water between the sun-splashed white limestone rocks, the Customs Trail will take you along the walls of sumptuous villas all the way to Cap d’Antibes. The sea spray meets the fragrance of the tall Aleppo pines and other Mediterranean trees... Raymond Peynet (1908-1999) The lovers by the ramparts (1985) - Peynet Museum, Antibes Peynet’s lovers in front of an idyllic view of Antibes; an artist to whom the city dedicated a museum.
A dazzling 360° panorama From the little harbour of La Salis, Chemin du Calvaire leads up to Plateau de la Garoupe. This is an opportunity to stop in front of Peynet’s Calvaire de Notre-Dame-des-Amoureux, before going to Chapelle de la Garoupe, famous for votive plaques (ex-votos) left by fishermen in gratitude for divine intercession. From this privileged belvedere, you can admire the Alpine foothills as well as the Bay of Juan-les-Pins against the background of the Isles of Lérins, Cannes and the Estérel mountains. Eugène Boudin (1824-1898) Harbour of Antibes (1893) Jules Chéret Museum of Fine Arts, Nice
Antibes between the sea and sky, an ideal subject for the preImpressionist painter Eugène Boudin.
12 In the great masters’ footsteps... idling on azure Museums
Cannes, festival of all lights
Stretching nonchalantly along its fine sandy beaches, Cannes and its famous Boulevard de La Croisette sparkle with countless lights: those of spotlights during the International Film Festival focused on the town lit up by the stars of cinema and those of the ever-present sun whose rays burst into countless sparks on the Bay’s turquoise waters. The Bay is a natural jewel enhanced by two pearls: the Isles of Lérins and the flamboyant Estérel massif with its craggy peaks and steep valleys. www.cannes.fr
Artists, ambassadors of this dream setting Since the 19th century, rich British aristocrats, then many artists and filmmakers began promoting this legendary Eden. Like the painters Pierre Bonnard, Théo Tobiasse, Emmanuel Bellini and Jean-Gabriel Domergue, let yourself be inspired by the typical charm of the Riviera in this sumptuous natural setting and this
Pointe Croisette
multifaceted town... You can see their works in the Bellini Chapel where the painter set up his studio; at Villa Domergue with its gardens and architecture inspired by Venetian palaces; or at Musée de la Castre at the Castle of Cannes. You can reach it be climbing the narrow streets whose houses boast brightly coloured shutters in the town’s historic centre, Le Suquet. There, you can admire the works of painters from Provence and Cannes and enjoy a breathtaking view on the Bay of Cannes.
13 At the foot of the historic Le Suquet district, small fishing boats are lined up in the Old Port of Cannes.
Bay of Cannes.
Adolphe Fioupou (1824-1899) Cannes (1862) MusĂŠe de la Castre, Cannes
In 1862 already, the landscape painter Adolphe Fioupou became attached to the peaceful charm of Cannes, a small maritime town still unknown to the world.
14 In the great masters’ footsteps... idling on azure Lecterns
Museums
The Bay of Villefranche, an idyllic model
A privileged harbour for the most prestigious cruise ships, Villefranche-surMer is a splendid stopover, immortalized by many painters. Exploring Rue Obscure (dark street) plunges visitors straight into the town’s past. Built between the 14th and 16th centuries, this corridor covering over a 130-metre stretch served to shelter the population in case of bombing. The poet Jean Cocteau, so attached to the town where he stayed often, painted this mediaeval passageway.
The artist also left his mark on Chapelle Saint-Pierre, which he decorated in 1957 with murals evoking the life of the Apostle Peter (patron saint of fishermen), the Mediterranean atmosphere and his sympathy for fishermen. The imposing citadel, witness to a turbulent past, now houses four museums, in particular the Volti Foundation displaying the artist’s sculptures and sanguine drawings, and the Goetz Boumeester Museum with works by Goetz and drawings by such masters as Picasso, Miró, Hartung... Returning to the Customs Trail, you can also walk around the Cap Ferrat peninsula, east of the Bay, with its wonderful vistas on the Mediterranean, pristine inlets, spectacular cliffs and luxury villas. www.villefranche-sur-mer.com
Eugène Boudin (1824-1898) Bay of Villefranche (1892) Jules Chéret Museum of Fine Arts, Nice
In 1892, Eugène Boudin settled in Villefranche-sur-Mer, a privileged site for this pre-Impressionist painter of seascapes, many of whose works show the lives of fishermen in harbours and markets.
Raymond Tournon (1870-1919) Les filets de Villefranche (1918) Private collection
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Starting from the lovely little harbour at the foot of the old town, it is enough to stroll a few minutes along the fishermen’s wharfs to reach the long beach of Villefranche with its turquoise waters.
Jacques Guiaud (1810-1876) View of Villefranche (1856) Museum of Fine Arts, Carcassone
In 1847, Jacques Guiaud settled in Nice. His delicate refined painting strongly appealed to members of the rich Russian colony. His works depict picturesque sights of the Riviera and its hinterland, ports and local events, like the arrival of Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna in Villefranche-sur-Mer.
16 In the great masters’ footsteps... dream settings - life size
Dream settings - life size
The Castle of Haut-de-Cagnes, from Domaine des Collettes
From natural parks 17 to extraordinary gardens, the French Riviera is ideal for bucolic wanderings in a luxuriant setting with something of Paradise. In the heart of the pine groves to the strains of the crickets’ song, along rocky slopes colonized by succulent plants, in leafy gardens lulled by the fresh murmur of fountains, relive the wonder of the greatest painters. Renoir, Cross, Monet, Matisse... were inspired by the sublime contours of these landscapes, manmade or untouched, paying vibrant tribute to Nature on the Riviera.
Claude Monet (1840-1926) Morning at Antibes (1888) Philadelphia Museum of Art, Pennsylvania, United-States
It was Eugène Boudin who instilled a taste for outdoor painting in the young Monet. Later, the master of Impressionism also went to the Riviera to seize the fleeting nuances of ever-changing Nature, like the shimmering leaves delicately softened by the morning light.
18 In the great masters’ footsteps... dream settings - life size
Impressions on canvas At the end of the 19th century, Impressionist painters were drawn to the Mediterranean and its landscapes. Their paintings reflect the profound emotion they experienced through contact with Nature that enchanted their works, ‘snapshots’ with bright luminous colours. Like them, let your eyes wander in the foliage of cypress, pine or cork-oak trees with their incessant play on light. Let yourself be permeated with the scents and colours of the arbutus, broom, heather, rockrose, myrtle, lavender and olive trees.
Maurice Gottlob (1885-1960) L’Etang de Mougins (1948) Gottlob Museum, Mougins
Henri-Edmond Cross (born H. E. Delacroix) (1856-1910) Les cyprès à Cagnes (1908) Musée d’Orsay, Paris
With pointillist touches, Cross was able to render all the gaiety of the vicinity of Cagnes, with Nature bathed in light and, in the background, the house that would later be the home of the singer Suzy Solidor.
The French Riviera, colour in all its purity The solar yellow of the mimosa, sun-drenched stretches of greenery between the shade of the trees, multicoloured corollas of flower gardens... This explosion of colours also subjugated Fauvist painters, influenced by Gauguin and Van Gogh. The bold palettes of Matisse, Derain and Dufy were passionately suited to the Mediterranean landscapes, ablaze with light. These colours are just as intense today, artfully strewn about the exotic gardens of the Riviera or freely scattered in untamed Nature... Visiting Val Rahmeh in Menton is like a botanical world tour. The outstanding garden, which belongs to the National Museum of Natural History, is dedicated to the acclimation and conservation of species that are rare or have disappeared from their natural habitat.
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“When I realized I would see that light every morning, I could not believe my good fortune.” Henri Matisse
A stroll though a billionaire’s dream, through the nine gardens of Villa Ephrussi de Rothschild at Saint-Jean-CapFerrat. A succession of landscaped compositions starting with the large “jardin à la française”, the rose garden, the Spanish garden, the Florentine alley, the lapidary garden, the Japanese garden nestled in bamboo, the exotic rock garden, the “jardin de Sèvres” and the Provençal garden.
Enchanting gardens of the Côte d’Azur In the 19th century, prestigious landscape painters and gardeners sublimated the French Riviera, already richly endowed with bits of Paradise where Nature, art and history blend so harmoniously. Some of the most remarkable... • In Menton, Jardin Maria Séréna with its tropical plants, palm trees and cycads; Jardin Serre de la Madone, a listed historical monument; Jardin Fontana Rosa and its pergolas, arbours and busts of famous writers; the Palais Carnolès garden with the largest collection of citrus trees in Europe; Val Rahmeh botanical garden and its rare plants, etc. • Villa Ephrussi de Rothschild at Saint-Jean-Cap Ferrat with its gardens from all over the world. • Designed in the “French style”, in the tradition of Le Nôtre, the gardens of the Château de Gourdon, an island of greenery at the tip of a rocky spur overlooking the Loup Valley. • The gardens of Château de La Napoule, with sculptures of fantastic or grotesque inspiration. • The gardens of Fondation Maeght, with works by the greatest modern and contemporary artists.
20 In the great masters’ footsteps... dream settings - life size
Henri Matisse (1869-1954) Le Jardin de Renoir (1925) Private collection, Switzerland
“One morning, one of us ran out of black and used blue: Impressionism was born.”
Renoir had died seven years earlier. Matisse returned to his friend’s home and painted the garden of Les Collettes, capturing all the intimacy and magic of this Garden of Eden where “Vénus Vitrix” seems timeless and very much alive.
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Renoir Museum
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Domaine des Collettes and its olive trees over 600 years old at Cagnes-sur-Mer
Cagnes-sur-Mer Domaine Renoir, an inspired site
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Museums
Visits
In 1908, Pierre Auguste Renoir moved with his family to Domaine des Collettes at Cagnes-sur-Mer. The Impressionist master had succumbed to the charm of its splendid olive grove. It was to save these centuries-old olive trees from being cut down that he decided to acquire the estate where he spent the last eleven years of his life. www.cagnes-tourisme.com The atmosphere of his works pervades this haven of peace, today the Renoir Museum. The master’s aura is still very much present here. His house and studio have preserved the natural simplicity and poetry to which he aspired. Eleven original paintings are on display. His presence can also be felt in the garden, with its many flowers. Today, it hosts many cultural events, including concerts of vocal music, Voix du Domaine Renoir, which re-enchant this timeless bucolic site. You can imagine the artist seated in front of his easel, facing the olive grove. A dream setting against the background of the perched mediaeval town of Haut-de-Cagnes...
Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) The farm at Les Collettes (1915) Renoir Museum, Cagnes-sur-Mer
22 In the great masters’ footsteps... “Cities of Art”
“Cities of Art” Meeting with the soul of the Riviera
Square - Villeneuve-Loubet
23 Huddled at the foot of the impressive cliffs of the baous, perched atop rocky peaks or stretching along broad attractive bays, the towns and villages of the French Riviera have captivated the greatest painters, for a single work or for a lifetime.
Let yourself be charmed by the typically Mediterranean atmosphere of the “Cities of Art”. Wend your way through the maze of paved streets with delectation and stroll on little town squares brimming with flowers against the murmur of fountains.
Visions of light and shadow Today, painters still set up their easels in the towns and villages of the Côte d’Azur, whose power of seduction remains intact. Cagnes-sur-Mer, Villeneuve-Loubet, Mougins, Saint-Paul, Menton, Grasse... their tall façades of stone or brightly coloured rendering still project their silhouettes on narrow passages, while arcaded houses and old vaulted alleyways are sheltered from the heat of the sun. This alternation of insolent light and dark shaded areas echoes the contrasting visions of Nabi or Expressionist painters like Chaïm Soutine, Félix Vallotton, Erwin Sutter and William H. Johnson.
Erwin Sutter (1897-1976) Rue de la Fontette (1935) Municipal library, Grasse
24 In the great masters’ footsteps... “Cities of Art”
Grasse Fragrances of art and history...
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Museums
Visits
From the fragrant flowers of the surroundings of Grasse to the delightful scent of perfume, Grasse, a “City of Art and History”, offers a great tradition to discover. www.grasse.fr In this town with its Provençal spirit, distillation and enfleurage have acquired their world renown over the centuries. The International Museum of Perfumery will take you through the complexities of this wonderful olfactory world. It retraces the history of perfume, soap and cosmetics over four thousand years and unveils the different steps in the creation of a perfume. But in Grasse, another alchemy continues to prevail, that of the old town, with its blend of mediaeval buildings, 17th-century townhouses and fine 18th-century villas spiralling around the cathedral. This is a heritage you will want to take in with eyes wide open, as you walk through narrow streets and squares, where Charles Nègre, Raoul Dufy, Yvon Peron et Erwin Sutter painted their works. Other interesting sights include the JeanHonoré Fragonard Villa Museum, with works by the famous 18th-century painter who was born in Grasse.
Yvon Peron (1910) View of Grasse (1996) Musée d’Art et d’Histoire de Provence, Grasse
Raoul Dufy (1877-1953) View of Grasse (circa 1930) National Museum of Modern Art, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris
View of Grasse
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Menton Pearl of the Baroque on the Riviera
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Museums
Lemon, orange, palm, mimosa trees... the exuberance of the vegetation seems to be reflected in that of the architecture of this city, a balcony anchored on the edge of the Mediterranean Sea. www.menton.fr In Menton, everything is rapturous. Thanks to the almost subtropical climate, many exotic plants are easily acclimated in luxuriant gardens. Fine homes and palaces bear witness to the town’s elegant aristocratic past. And the brilliance of the cloudless sky rivals that of the sumptuous Baroque decoration of Place Saint-Michel or the old town’s campaniles with their glazed tiles. Thus, at the confines of the Côte d’Azur, Menton has delighted painters like Jean Cocteau, Raoul Dufy, Maurice Frido, Joseph Inguimberty and Ernest Louis Lessieux, who found here a paradise up to their inspiration. A “City of Art and History”, it continues to celebrate artists’ talent with the Cocteau Museum in the Bastion overlooking the sea or the Palais Carnolès Museum of Fine Arts. And popular tradition is very much present, too, with the “Fête du Citron”, famous for its floats decorated with citrus fruit whose acid colours brighten up the winter. Maurice Frido (1926) Grande vue de Menton (2002) Museum of Fine Arts, Palais Carnolès, Menton
Raoul Dufy (1877-1953) Parvis Saint Michel (circa 1927) Jules Chéret Museum of Fine Arts, Nice
26 In the great masters’ footsteps... “Cities of Art”
Vence
Museums
The magic of the hills Within view, the blue ribbon of the shore, the white limestone cliffs of vertiginous baous, the gentle curves of hills and dales... Ideally located, Vence has always had a knack for attracting artists, a privilege it has preserved to this day... www.vence.fr Just a few kilometres away from the Mediterranean Sea, old Vence girdled in its mediaeval ramparts is more evocative of the hinterland than the coast. It offers its markets with stalls permeated with the scent of herbs of Provence, its maze of narrow streets whose orientation defies the wind and sun, its vaulted passageways and fine weathered 17th and 18th-century façades. A timeless grace emanates from this city that charmed Matisse, Soutine, Carzou to name only a few. Buoyed up by this authentic town, Dufy imagined the Cargo noir series. The cathedral boasts a mosaic by Chagall. Dubuffet built his house and studio here, later acquired by the contemporary painter Nall who also bought a quiet wooded estate for the Nall Art Association. This estate opens its studios to painters, sculptors, writers and musicians. In Vence, art is very much in stride with the times, greeting today’s creators and their works, for example, at the Fondation Émile Hugues at the Château de Villeneuve.
View of Vence
Fondation Emile Hughes
Chapelle du Rosaire, Matisse’s spiritual testament In 1943, Matisse decided to move away from the threat of bombing in Nice. He rented Villa Le Rêve in Vence where he lived for six years. He closed this long parenthesis by decorating Chapelle du Rosaire for the Dominican nuns of Vence with murals, stained-glass windows, vestments, liturgical objects... “This work has taken four years of constant exclusive work; it is the result of my entire active life,” he wrote. Matisse made this sacred place into a limpid site whose luminous simplicity verges on the sublime, making visitors feel “purified and relieved of their burdens.” This is a unique structure where the master delivered the quintessence of his art.
Chapelle du Rosaire
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Villeneuve-Loubet Between tradition and modernity
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Charles Perrot Les Bords du Loup (circa 1940) Private collection
From the immense castle to the imposing pyramidal silhouette of Marina Baie des Anges, cultural discovery and Nature make Villeneuve-Loubet a privileged venue for family holidays. www.ot-villeneuveloubet.org This is where André Derain, Félix Ziem and Charles Perrot set up their easels. The birthplace of Auguste Escoffier - King of chefs and chef of Kings - deserves special attention. The steep flowerdecked streets of the old hilltop village will take you to the Museum of culinary art in the house where was born this great Castle of Villeneuve-Loubet
chef, the inventor of “peach Melba” in particular. With your appetite whetted, you can enjoy a meal at one of the terraces that come alive in good weather, before exploring Villeneuve-Loubet’s historic heart, all the way to the castle of Romeo de Villeneuve, an impressive mediaeval fortress with a tower thirty-three metres high. The modern town stretches down to the Mediterranean Sea with 4 km of beaches dominated by Marina Baie des Anges. With its daring concrete pyramids, this seaside complex is recognized as part of the architectural heritage of the 20th century. In addition to water sports, many activities are practised in the 120-hectare Parc de Vaugrenier and Parc des Rives du Loup: adventure trail, golf course, horseback riding, etc.
Marina Baie des Anges
28 In the great masters’ footsteps... painters’ favourite sights on the Riviera
Painters’ favourite sights on the Riviera
A journey, a brief stay, an invitation from friends was enough for strong ties to form between the greatest artists and the Côte d’Azur. Picasso in Antibes, Vallauris and Mougins, Chagall in Saint-Paul, Cocteau in Villefranche-sur-Mer and Menton, Bonnard in Le Cannet... All of them found fertile inspiration in these dynamic authentic towns. Today, the works they realized here are witness to the intense artistic creativity fostered in these cities.
Pablo Ruiz y Picasso (1881-1973) Paysage de Mougins II (1965) New Pinacothek, Munich
Pablo Ruiz y Picasso (1881-1973) Night Fishing at Antibes (1939) Museum of Modern Art, New York
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Mougins and Picasso,
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Museums
a story of life
Built on a hill with cypress and olive trees, Mougins overlooks the Bay of Cannes. It is in this privileged site that Picasso chose to spend the last fifteen years of his life. In 1961, he moved into a large house near Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Vie. Driven by a creative inspiration as vital as ever, he continued his work there, surrounded by his wife Jacqueline and friends, André Villers, in particular, whose photographs of Picasso are on display in the Photography Museum of Mougins. Since the 19th century, Mougins has attracted many more artists: Cocteau, Gottlob, Paul Éluard, Man Ray, Brel, Piaf, Christian Dior... stayed there. Picabia built Château de Mai. Today, the mediaeval streets are always brimming with the activity of artists from all horizons present in the many art galleries and painters’ studios in this enchanting village. Others practise their art... in the kitchen. In Mougins’s restaurants, gastronomy is also an art in which great chefs collect (Michelin) stars.
www.mougins-coteazur.org Maurice Gottlob Village de Mougins sous ciel nuageux (1946) Musée Gottlob, Mougins
From Antibes to Vallauris and Mougins, the master in the midst of creativity Picasso began visiting the Riviera in 1919, with short stays in SaintRaphaël, Juan-les-Pins, Cannes... These were summer breaks in which his Mediterranean cradle brought him back to the founding myths. He painted La Flûte de Pan and worked on the theme of the Minotaur. But it was in 1946 that he was completely “overwhelmed by Antiquity.” He was able to settle in Antibes, at the Grimaldi Castle where, for six months, he plunged into intense creation. His talent surged forth in his vast studio bathed in sunlight and overlooking the sea. Fauns, centaurs and satyrs dance their way through his works, giving expression to his joy of living on this convivial shore. From 1948 to 1955, Picasso lived in Vallauris, a town of craftsmen with a strong pottery-making tradition. There he indulged a passion for ceramics, creating nearly 4,500 pieces! Then, tirelessly, he resumed the making of paintings, sculptures, linocuts. The painter also decided to leave a durable trace in his favourite town by decorating the Romanesque chapel in the Castle of Vallauris. There he realized a truly masterly work, La Guerre et La Paix (War and Peace), bearing witness to his attachment to the commune. Aware of its value, the inhabitants obtained the status of National Museum for the chapel. Picasso ended his stay on the Riviera in Mougins. It was in “L’Antre du Minotaure”, his home near Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Vie, that he pursued his creative momentum until the very end.
Pablo Picasso Les pigeons, Cannes, 1957 Picasso Museum, Barcelona
Picasso in Provence Côte d’Azur This is a new tourist itinerary with museums and places where one of the 20th century’s most famous painters lived and worked. An itinerary between Avignon and Vallauris, the better to understand this exceptional artist’s career. Major exhibitions and cultural events in cities and on sites as well as a selection of hotels, restaurants, art classes and workshops enrich the tour.
30 In the great masters’ footsteps... painters’ favourite sights on the Riviera
Chagall
Lecterns
Museums
Visits
Marc Chagall (1887-1985) Couple in the blue landscape (1969/71) Private collection
Joy of living and creating in Saint-Paul-de-Vence Marc Chagall and his wife Vava settled in Saint-Paul de Vence in 1966. On Chemin des Gardettes on the edge of Bois de la Sine, they built “La Colline”, a big house made of local stone in the midst of the Mediterranean vegetation so dear to the artist. In this place designed for rest, leisure and work, Chagall pursued his creation. His brush transformed the commonplace into something magical, thanks to his intense colours with cheerful combinations of mystic purples, luminous reds, shimmering greens and oxide blues. Colours reflecting the pleasure of living in Saint-Paul, where Marc Chagall could be seen having breakfast at Café de la Place or lunch at La Colombe d’Or. And there were other painters, like Pablo Picasso, Miró and Antoine Verdet. He bequeathed several works to the village that welcomed him for twenty years: the painting Ma vie and the mosaic Les Amoureux at the nearby Fondation Maeght. Offered by Vava, an original drawing by Chagall also served as the model for the mosaic on the façade of the village school: a symbol of joy, a beaming child smiling at life, as the painter did so well at the light of Saint-Paul...
Marc Chagall (1887-1985) Table in front of village (1968) Private collection
www.saint-pauldevence.com
Saint-Paul-de-Vence An invitation to art...
Since the 1920s, major figures in the worlds of art, letters and cinema contributed to the cultural renown of Saint-Paul de Vence. Matisse, Modigliani, Prévert, Chaplin, Doisneau, Clouzot, Montand, Signoret... all walked its delightful little streets. Today, the village continues promoting contemporary art with its famous galleries and Fondation Maeght with works by Miró, Calder, Giacometti, Braque and Adami in particular.
The White Penitents’ Chapel decorated by Folon “Attaching my name to a chapel in Saint-Paul will be a declaration of love to all those I have loved in this village...” explains Folon, who agreed to decorate the White Penitents’ Chapel. It would be his last work. In 2005, the artist died before its completion and master craftsmen pursued his project. Inaugurated in June 2008, the Chapel today is testimony to Folon’s poetic imagination with an immense mosaic, stained-glass windows, paintings and sculptures on the theme of giving.
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Bonnard,
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subjugated by the colours of Le Cannet In 1926, Pierre Bonnard bought Villa Le Bosquet, where he settled for good in 1938 with his wife Marthe. On the heights of Le Cannet, Bonnard’s chromatic ecstasies carried this Nabi painter to the peak of his art. In the shelter of an amphitheatre of hills covered with pine, mimosa and orange trees, this site overlooks the Bay of Cannes. Luxuriant vegetation, blue sky and water, ruddy Estérel Massif in the background... the colours explode. Bonnard made them vibrate in the many works he created in Le Cannet, inspired by its splendid vistas or everyday life he sublimated with such talent.
www.lecannet.com
Chapelle St-Sauveur in Le Cannet, restored by the painter Théo Tobiasse.
Pierre Bonnard (1867-1947) Landscape at Le Cannet (circa 1927) Musée de l’Annonciade, Saint-Tropez
Old Cannet retains the charm of traditional Provence with its narrow stepped streets, little squares and artists’ studios.
Pierre Bonnard (1867-1927) Paysage du Midi (circa 1923) Fondation Bemberg, Toulouse
Pierre Bonnard was not yet living in Villa Le Bosquet but he was already under the spell of the superb vistas he could enjoy from the heights of Le Cannet, landscapes he would continue to paint until his last years.
32 In the great masters’ footsteps... painters’ favourite sights on the Riviera
Cocteau’s elegant Riviera
Lecterns
Museums
Jean Cocteau (1889-1963) Rue Obscure (1956-57) Musée d’Art et d’Histoire, Citadel of Villefranche-sur-Mer
A fervent adept of the Riviera, Jean Cocteau found his muse here. His artistic career followed a magnificent cliffside path to Menton. Cocteau directed Beauty and the Beast at La Victorine film studios in Nice. A few years earlier, in Monte Carlo, he had worked with the Ballets Russes. At Villefranche-sur-Mer, he wrote Orphée, painted the famous Rue Obscure in the old town and decorated Chapelle Saint-Pierre. At Cap d’Ail, he created a Greek theatre. He also covered Villa Santo Sospir at Cap Ferrat with mythological murals. All the artist’s poetry can be sensed in the murals he painted in the Wedding Hall at the Menton town hall, and the Cocteau Museum he created himself in the 17th-century Bastion overlooking the sea, where his paintings, watercolours, drawings, tapestries and mosaics are displayed. Since 2005, this collection has been enriched with an exceptional gift by the collector Séverin Wunderman: a total of 1,525 works, some of which are already shown to the public, until the opening of the future Cocteau Museum which will house the entire collection in 2010.
“The French Riviera is the greenhouse in which roots grow; Paris is the shop where the flowers are sold.” Jean Cocteau After having served for storing fishing nets, Chapelle Saint-Pierre on the harbour was restored by Cocteau in 1956-1957. The artist’s murals on the inside walls evoke the life of the Apostle Peter, patron saint of his fishermen friends, as well as scenes of Mediterranean life, in particular Les Demoiselles de Villefranche.
Musée du Bastion - Menton
The itinerary in the great masters’ footsteps expands A great success for the initiators of this original itinerary through the French Riviera’s most splendid sights! Since 2007, it has charmed the public, surprised and delighted to follow these cultural paths off the beaten track and punctuated with artistic masterpieces.. More and more communes are joining in this operation with its growing success. The itinerary in the great masters’ footsteps will soon have new lecterns in Nice, Vence, Sospel, Lucéram... “La Côte d’Azur des Peintres” has many more fine artistic escapades in store. From Nice into the mountains of the hinterland, there are already a few additional possibilities to pursue the exploration of this prestigious heritage, a rich mosaic of late Gothic, Baroque, modern and contemporary art.
Mediterranean Sea
* Future partner towns
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34 Spotlight on...
Nice
cultural capital of the French Riviera A land dedicated to the arts, Nice today grants a special place to creativity. At the dawn of the Third millennium, its exceptional artistic heritage can be seen side by side with surprising modernity in the streets, gardens, squares, museums and galleries. This cultural prestige makes the city today an international capital of art... www.nicetourism.com
Sacha Sosno Tête Carrée Sculpture habitée (lived-in sculpture)
Nice, the sky, the sea, the land and sunshine seem to have conspired to create Baie des Anges, a radiant garden of Eden echoed in the Baroque gold and ochre of Old Nice and creamy Belle-Époque façades along Promenade des Anglais and on the Hill of Cimiez, and mirrored in the glass walls of contemporary buildings.
Sculptural itinerary An architectural jewel fashioned over the centuries, Nice today is studded with sculptures attesting to the city’s privileged ties with modern art. At the Airport, Max Cartier’s Voyageur salutes incoming visitors, opening the way to a sculptural itinerary that includes Farhi’s Dissémination at L’Arénas, Sosno’s monumental Hôtel Elysée Palace façade,
Ben (Benjamin Vautier) Aphorismes calligraphiés sur les stations du tramway (handwritten signs at the tramway stops).
Bernar Venet’s Arc 115°5 in Albert Ier Gardens and, along Promenade des Arts and Promenade du Paillon, works by Arman, César, Tobiasse, Chia, Gilli, etc.
Art in the city By day and by night, art is a daily experience along the tramway with fourteen works by world-famous artists: Jaume Plensa’s Conversation à Nice avec les sept penseurs on Place Masséna; Ben’s 76 handwritten aphorisms at each stop; Jean-Michel Othoniel’s Confident at Square Doyen Lepine; Jacques Vieille’s Palmiers vertigineux opalescents, etc. This series represents the largest commission for urban art in France.
Jaume Plensa Conversation à Nice Place Masséna
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Matisse shapes light
Matisse was forty-eight years old when he fell in love with Baie des Anges. He lived in Nice near the sea, which dazzled him, from Hôtel Beau Rivage on Quai des États-Unis, then on Promenade des Anglais before he settled in a fine ochre building on the lively colourful Place Charles-Félix, at the eastern end of Cours Saleya. Only the leafy Castle Hill separated him from the Port and the Club Nautique where he enjoyed rowing. These magical sites inspired him. The light of the Riviera became the raw material for his works, filtering through the partly opened louvered shutters of the rooms where he enjoyed painting. He also captured it in Cagnes-sur-Mer, setting up his easel at his friend Renoir’s estate at Domaine des Collettes. And he marvelled at the Mediterranean at Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat where he stayed in Villa Lou Mandi or near the Port. In 1939, Matisse moved to the heights of Cimiez at the Regina, where Queen Victoria had once stayed. Until his death in 1954, the painter spent most of his time in this elegant Belle-Époque district where his works and personal belongings are now on display at the Matisse Matisse Museum, Museum. It is in a superb 17th-century Genoese villa in Parc des near the Roman amphitheatre of Cimiez, entirely dedicated to the artist’s life and work. Arènes near the ancient Roman amphitheatre of Cimiez. There you can glimpse the master’s creative privacy...
Nice, the painters’ muse The birthplace of the Bréa family, masters of Gothic panel painting, home to the famous Van Loo family, immortalized by 19th-century landscape painters, Nice has attracted and inspired the greatest painters. Toulouse Lautrec, Modigliani, Utrillo, Dufy, Renoir, Chagall, Matisse stayed her. The city’s many museums reflect the intense artistic creation it aroused. At Musée Masséna, in a sumptuous seaside villa, a large collection of paintings depict life in Nice from the 19th century to the end of the 1930s. The Museum of Fine Arts also offers immersion in the city’s artistic past in a villa built for Princess Kochubei with works by Brea, Van Loo, Fragonard, Boudin, Mossa, Chéret, Dufy... In Cimiez, in a splendid garden, the Chagall Museum displays major works by the artist, including the seventeen Biblical Message paintings. Château Sainte-Hélène houses
Anatole and Renée Jakowski’s prestigious collection of Naïve Art with over six hundred paintings and graphic works. This rich and diverse pictorial itinerary also includes the MAMAC (Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art).
Musée Masséna Twenty-three exhibition rooms on the history of Nice and its artistic heritage, from 1792 to 1939.
The art of the landscape painters of Nice Hercule Trachel, Emmanuel Costa, Cyrille Besset, Joseph Fricero, Alexis Mossa... these street names familiar to the people of Nice are those of 19thcentury landscape painters. They were the first to capture on their canvases the charm of a coast that would soon become world-famous... More and more British and Russian aristocrats chose to winter in Nice, then in Cannes, attracted by the mild climate. Throughout the 19th century, this growing fashion of winter holidays favoured the landscape painters of Nice. Wealthy winter visitors appreciated their works, taking them back as souvenirs of their stays. These landscape painters celebrated the shore, panoramas seen from the heights above the cities, districts that were still completely “rural”. Joseph Fricero, who married Tsar Nicholas I’s natural daughter, painted grandiose panoramas of rocks, mountainous horizons blending in warm ochre shades. Augustin Carlone preferred more romantic views. From 1863 to 1926, Alexis Mossa created over seven thousand watercolours, an incomparable inventory of the region. The landscapes are on display at Musée Masséna or the Museum of Fine Arts. Raoul Dufy (1877-1953) Feu d’artifice à Nice, le casino de la jetée-promenade (1947) Jules Chéret Museum of Fine Arts, Nice
36 Painting on the Riviera today
Havens for
contemporary art
Villa Arson, in Nice, an institution of higher learning, exhibition and artistic exchange between creators.
The French Riviera could have rested on the artistic laurels of its remarkable cultural heritage. But, far from stopping there, the region opened to modernity and the artistic avant-garde. Here, contemporary artists freed themselves from their elders’ prestigious shadow, contributing new approaches to painting. Today, prestige museums and foundations echo their explorations. The French Riviera has also remained ideal for the emergence and flourishing of today’s talents with the Villa Arson Art School as well as major art galleries and more original exhibition venues for displaying their works. On the Côte d’Azur, the future of painting is definitely on the move.
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Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art - Nice Showcase for the School of Nice On Promenade des Arts and Promenade du Paillon stands a fabulous architectural complex with one of its epicentres at the MAMAC (Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art). Its collections are built around the French and American avant-garde from the 1960s to the present. Significant works illustrate New York Pop Art, echoed by French ‘Nouveau Réalisme’, first promoted by Yves Klein, Arman and Martial Raysse. An entire room is dedicated to Klein, the Museum’s emblematic figure, with some twenty major works. The MAMAC collections also include contributions from American Abstraction, Minimalism and ‘Support-Surface’ in France with Claude Viallat, Bernard Pagès, Noël Dolla, Louis Cane, etc. And there is Fluxus with the creations of Ben and artists from ‘Figuration Libre’ who, in the 1980s, developed themes linked to comics, graffiti and street slogans. www.mamac-nice.org
Villa Arson - Nice The future of painting Dedicated to contemporary art, Villa Arson comprises an art school, an exhibition centre and artists’ residences. It is a privileged venue for training the talents of tomorrow, in a setting particularly favourable for creativity on the Hill of Saint-Barthélemy, in the north of Nice. It occupies an estate covering over two hectares overlooking the city of Nice and Baie des Anges. Every year, several exhibitions are held featuring artists at the start of their careers or little known in France. www.villa-arson.org
Three national museums Fernand Léger Museum - Biot From painting to ceramics... In the 1950s, the painter Fernand Léger went to Biot regularly to work with one of his former students, the ceramist Roland Brice. In his studio on Impasse des Roses, he made many pieces, like La Femme au perroquet. Today, the Fernand Léger Museum greets visitors at the foot of the village, on the estate of Le Mas Saint-André. With 348 original works by Fernand Léger - drawings, paintings, stained glass and ceramics - the collection illustrates the artist’s pictorial evolution, from neo-Impressionism, to Cubism, then to Abstract Art and Mechanical works.
MAMAC temple to modern and contemporary art in Nice.
Marc Chagall Message Biblique Museum - Nice Art and spirituality The artist wished to bring together in a single place his seventeen Biblical Message paintings. This is how the idea for this Museum came about. Today, it features the largest public collection of works by Chagall. In the vast rooms, the painter’s art is enhanced by the sobriety of the contemporary architecture, which includes stained glass and mosaics by the artist. This is a museum in which to immerse oneself in Chagall’s fantastic spiritual universe with its brightly coloured works filled with Biblical characters, creatures that are half man, half animal, people in levitation...
“War and Peace” Picasso Museum - Vallauris A temple to Peace Picasso celebrated his seventieth birth in the deconsecrated chapel in the Château de Vallauris where the inhabitants organized a banquet in his honour. Aware of the symbolism of the site and charmed by the vaulted ceiling, he dreamed of making it into a ‘Temple to Peace’. After making 250 preparatory sketches, Picasso finally realized two immense panels, La Guerre (War) and La Paix (Peace), set up in the chapel in 1954. A third one, Les Quatre parties du monde (The four parts of the world), completed the display in 1957. This was the master’s last great political composition. This is a visit not to be missed, as essential as the Picasso Museum in Antibes (see p.10). www.musees-nationaux-alpesmaritimes.fr “La Guerre et La Paix” chapel in the Picasso Museum, Vallauris
Fernand Léger National Museum in Biot where “abstract art leads to murals”.
38 Painting on the Riviera today
The School of Nice At the end of the 1950s, Yves Klein, Arman and Martial Raysse opted for a joyful turbulent artistic rebellion against the intellectualism that was de rigueur. They signed the Manifesto of New Realism, the first movement of the School of Nice. Other artists joined them: Tinguely, Niki de Saint-Phalle, Spoerri, Hains, César... What did they have in common? Creative exploration at the crossroads of life and art that appropriated everyday objects, as well as their complicity, fantasy and non-conformism: “We live in this land of leisure, which gives us that spirit of madness,” declared Yves Klein. With the School of Nice, the attitude was also an artistic reality. A master in this genre, Ben Vautier’s writing and performances are now an integral part of art history, like his extravagant “Magasin-Galerie Ben doute de tout”, on display at Beaubourg in Paris. Then, after 1965, painting became its own object with the artistic approach of “Support-Surface”, including Claude Vialat and Noël Dolla, whose explorations concentrated on the very elements forming the painting. Rich in all these avant-garde approaches, the School of Nice brought a new view of art and the world, recognized worldwide today.
settled with his wife in a house designed by Hartung himself. Surrounded by a large park with centuries-old olive trees, this remarkable contemporary architectural ensemble includes a villa, outbuildings and the artists’ respective studios. This is where, until the end of their lives, they devoted themselves to their art in all quietude. Visitors to this sunny place discover the Hartung-Bergman Foundation’s exceptional heritage. Today, it houses over 16,000 original works by both artists: canvases and drawings, as well as several thousand prints, photographs, films and personal writings. www.fondationhartungbergman.fr
Magnelli Museum - Vallauris The works of a lifetime A pioneer of abstract art, the painter Alberto Magnelli wished to see his personal collection remain in a place near Plan de Grasse, where he had found refuge during the Occupation. After his death in 1971, his widow donated his works to the CastleMuseum of Vallauris. In the artist’s own opinion, this collection represents the main highlights of his career. Since then, other donations and acquisitions have reinforced the collection on display, the largest in France dedicated to this painter from Florence who, living in France since 1932, practised painting, drawing, engraving and collage. www.vallauris-golfe-juan.com
Fondation Maeght Saint-Paul de Vence Art in a natural setting Fondation Maeght is a unique venue, boasting one of the largest collections of modern and contemporary art in Europe, with nearly 9,000 works. But is it truly a museum? Here, art is everywhere. It is not on display, it is something that must be experienced and takes on its full dimension in an architectural complex that goes beyond the boundaries separating indoors and outdoors. Often monumental, the works blend in with the landscape, caressed by the sunshine and shade of the pine trees. On the lawns, sculptures by Calder, Ossip Zadkine and Chillida offer themselves freely to view. Strolling through the Foundation’s gardens leads to the Giacometti courtyard, Miró’s labyrinth peopled with sculptures and ceramics, Tal Coat and Chagall’s mosaic murals, Braque’s pond and stained-glass window or Bury’s amazing fountain. Bathed in light, the fast rooms in Fondation Maeght offer a panorama that is just as exceptional on contemporary painting with works by Miró, Chagall, Bonnard, Braque, Léger, Alechinsky, Adami, Dubuffet, Van Velde, etc. www.fondation-maeght.com
Hartung-Bergman Foundation - Antibes In the heart of abstraction The leader of Lyrical Abstraction, Hans Hartung is one of the greatest representatives of contemporary painting. In 1972, he
Two imposing sculptures by Miró in the Fondation Maeght gardens, Saint-Paul-de-Vence
Espace de l’Art Concret Mouans-Sartoux Learning to look... Since 1990, L’Espace de l’Art Concret raises awareness to Concrete and Contemporary Art through exhibitions, children’s workshops and lectures. This project was built around donations by two collectors, Sybil Albers and Gottfried Honegger and their philosophy: “learn to look, since looking is a creative act.” Today, in the park of the mediaeval castle of Mouans-Sartoux, the Centre offers a chance to discover the works of protagonists of abstract art and the historic avant-gardes like Joseph Albers, Jean Arp, Marcelle Cahn... The creations of Max Bill, Richard Paul Lohse, Gottfried Honneger and François Morellet attest to the prospects offered by Concrete Art, resolutely non-representational with its geometric compositions. www.espacedelartconcret.fr
to a husband-and-wife team, Henri Goetz and Christine Boumeester, displaying a hundred of their works: a fifty year career during which both of them went from representational painting to abstraction. The filmmaker Alain Resnais dedicated his first film to them in 1947. The Goetzes were in close contact with Picasso, Picabia, Miró and Hartung, some of whose works are also shown in the museum as souvenirs. www.villefranche-sur-mer.fr
Château de Villeneuve Fondation Emile Hugues Contemporary art in all its diversity
Overlooking the Var Valley, the mediaeval castle of the Counts of Blacas in Carros Village now houses the International Contemporary Art Centre. Since 1998, the Centre has been developing an ambitious policy of top-notch exhibitions and retrospectives. Open on the world and representative of the region’s artists, they bear witness to movements in contemporary art. The Centre also presents leading artists of the past decades, like Appel, Arman, Klein, Léger... www.ville-carros.fr
Goetz-Boumeester Museum Of art and love Overlooking the Bay, the 16th-century citadel houses nice little museums where you can spend time in all tranquillity. In particular the museum dedicated
Fondation Maeght
In 1966, Émile Hugues, former minister and mayor of Vence, bequeathed the Château de Villeneuve to the commune. This historic site has become an art museum, hosting temporary exhibitions. This cultural programme is oriented towards stays in Vence by such great artists as Matisse, Dufy, Chagall, Dubuffet... It also focuses more specifically on contemporary art, presenting the diversity of its practice through the works of recognized artists. At the Foundation, the paths of creation involve artists in residence, artistic awareness workshops and meetings with artists and critics. www.museedevence.com
Château de La Napoule - Henry Clews Foundation - MandelieuLa Napoule Artists from the world over
International Contemporary Art Centre - Carros Close to the most contemporary trends
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Château de Villeneuve Fondation Emile Hugues
When the American sculptor Henry Clews acquired Château de la Napoule in 1916, the mediaeval fortress was nothing more than a ruin. With his wife, Mary Clews, he restored all their prestige to the building and its gardens. Magnificently located by the sea, the site has become, thanks to their efforts, an art centre dedicated to interdisciplinary and international exchanges. It receives artists in residence from all over the world. Today, as in the past, the main courtyard, Galerie Spencer, a vast vaulted hall, and Galerie Blanche host exhibitions, lectures, concerts and artistic performances. www.lnaf.org
Musée Magnelli
40 Painting on the Riviera today
Hôtel Windsor, Nice
Espace de l’Art Concret, Mouans-Sartoux
La Colombe d’Or restaurant, Saint-Paul-de-Vence
Hôtel Negresco, Nice
Life
through painting On the French Riviera, art is part of everyday life and the street, not only museums. Painting covers walls and shows off in town, in galleries, hotels, restaurants and venues for artistic performances.
Art in hotels
Galleries
Spending the night in a work of art is the unforgettable experience available at Hôtel Windsor in Nice. Twenty-six rooms were decorated by contemporary artists, including Mosset, Vialat, Ben, Hains and Honneger, as well as Dolla, Basserode and Dolla, the last to have been invited to decorate them. Jeanne Augier, owner of Hôtel Negresco in Nice, has made her famous luxury hotel into a true living museum, sharing with her guests her love of art, from the Renaissance to the Third millennium. The presence of great artists has left its mark on other hotels like Le Beau Rivage in Old Nice where Matisse stayed. In Villefranche-sur-Mer, Cocteau stayed at Le Welcome, ideally located across from the fishermen’s chapel he renovated. In Menton, the rooms in Grand Hôtel des Ambassadeurs evoke the career of painters, musicians, writers and masters of cinema. In Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat, exhibitions of contemporary art are organized regularly in Le Royal Riviera hotel and its gardens.
From coastal towns to villages in the hinterland, the French Riviera boasts an impressive number of art galleries. Don’t hesitate to enter; showcases of modern and contemporary art, they display the great names that have made history and support the work of established artists and young innovative talents, to the public can discovered by the public. Some suggestions for this exploration rich in pictorial discoveries: Galerie Chave in Vence, famous for Art Brut and Art Singulier; Galerie Sintitulo in Mougins which presents many Mediterranean artists; Galerie Catherine Issert in Saint-Paul which has been working with the main artists of the past decades since 1975. In Nice, the key is Galerie Ferrero, representative of the School of Nice, but other galleries - Norbert Pastor, Depardieu, Sandrine Mons, Joël Scholtès, Sapone and Atelier Soardi - participate fully in making contemporary art known to the public. And there are also municipal galleries: Galerie des Ponchettes, de la Marine, du Château, SainteReparate and Jean Renoir.
Painting is to be savoured… … for a meal in many hotels and restaurants, especially in Saint-Paul-de-Vence at Mas d’Artigny and La Colombe d’Or, a legendary establishment founded by Monsieur Roux. Matisse, Braque, Léger, Picasso, Miró and many other habitués left their works in the unique setting where they enjoyed getting together. There are paintings on the menu, too, at Les Arcades in Biot. Before dinner, a visit of the owner André Brothier’s art collection is a must, an opportunity to appreciate works by Vasarely, Braque, Melano, Segasta, Kolb, César… Immersion in art is also possible at La Palme d’Or in Cannes, Le Bacon on Cap d’Antibes, Le Moulin de Mougins, Café Llorca in Vallauris, etc. On the French Riviera, art and gastronomy are in perfect harmony…
Alternative rendezvous In Nice, contemporary art also thrives in unexpected places: Fondation Dabray, made available to La Station, an artists’ collective; Le Dojo, which invites creators to reconfigure the premises. The Diligence collective occupies Sous Station Lebon, an atypical site with post-industrial architecture. Villa Cameline is ‘abandoned’ to the creativity of artists inspired by this fine home. All these experimental platforms open regularly to the public for exhibitions, performances and lecture-debates on contemporary art.
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42 For more…
Painters of the sacred: mountains and Merveilles The roads winding their way along the Roya-Bévéra, Vésubie and Tinée Valleys take you to see masterpieces of sacred mediaeval and Baroque art. Realized by itinerant painters from the 15th to the 17th centuries, they can be discovered in the heart of villages perched on sharp peaks, in the hinterland’s sumptuous natural setting.
Discovering the late Gothic “Niçois primitives” Dating from the end of the Middle Ages, precious works light up the roads of the “Alpes d’Azur”. Panel paintings and murals grace humble chapels, churches and monasteries. They include genuine masterpieces preserved in the privacy of timeless venues, painted by the Gothic artists known as “Niçois Primitives”: Bréa, Canavesio, Baleison, de Cella…
Artists in the service of faith Parishes, confraternities or worthies called on their talent to add beauty to places of worship. Altars were enhanced by majestic works of art glorifying the Virgin Mary, Christ and the saints... These panel paintings with all their grace inspired the faith of the people, for whom they portrayed models, protectors and intercessors in the Virgins with their damask robes, saints with gold halos, messenger angels. Chapel walls came to live, covered with pictures, spelling out a catechism for illiterate believers.
Panel painting by Louis Brea in Lucéram
Major works Their ranks included many anonymous artists. Others have come out of oblivion, like Jean Mirailhet, from Montpellier who painted the lovely Vierge de Miséricorde, the oldest panel painting in the Comté de Nice (1429), kept in the Black Penitents’ chapel in Nice. History has also preserved the names of the Piedmontese painters Giovanni Canavesio and Giovanni Baleison, who created the exceptional frescoes in the NotreDame-des-Fontaines chapel in La Brigue. And there are the “Niçois Primitives”: Jacques Durandi and, especially, Louis, Antoine and François Brea who have left major works. These paintings can be admired in the churches of Lucéram, Sospel, Saint-Martin d’Entraunes, Lieuche, Roure, Biot and in Nice, in particular at the Monastery of Cimiez or the cathedrals of Antibes, Monaco, etc.
Notre-Dame des Fontaines Chapel near La Brigue
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Baroque, inspirational art Starting at the end of the 16th century, the Baroque movement brought new impetus to artistic inspiration from Rome to the Comté de Nice. The range of emotion expressed spoke to the soul of the people, strongly attached to the decorum of religious ceremony and dramatic processions of Confraternities of Penitents. In contrast to the starkness of the Protestant Reform, Baroque magnificence reinforced the prestige of the Catholic Church.
Sumptuous Baroque! Today, from the coast to the hinterland, over eighty monuments - churches, chapels, palaces - punctuate the ‘Route du Baroque Nisso-Ligure’. This itinerary reveals much of the splendour and often pompous grandeur of this art of excess. It will take you to the Saint-Michel church in Sospel, Sainte-Marguerite et Rosalie in Lucéram, Saint-Pierreaux-Liens in L’Escarène, Sancta-Maria-in-Albis in Breil-sur-Roya. You will visit Notre-Dame-del’Assomption in Tende and Saint-Michel Basilica in Menton as well as Chapelle de la Miséricorde, the Gesù church and Chapelle Sainte-Croix in Nice… Baroque art is always dazzling, drawing your eyes towards light: light from the windows high in the walls, divine auras of painted ceilings and celestial halos towards which all the faces in the paintings are turned.
Painters of ecstasy You will feel the power of expression of Baroque art through a hundred, mainly oil-on-canvas paintings by local artists like Baudoin, Bottero, Planeta, Rocca, Toesca... Others are the work of painters from Liguria, Monaco, Provence or further away, like François Mimault from Vendée or the Dutchman AbrahamLouis Van Loo. Their favourite subjects include ecstasy, passion, martyrdom, miracles… Baroque painters emphasize the dramatic intensity of these sacred scenes using bright colours, chiaroscuro, daring perspectives, dynamic movement of shapes that are both very carnal and full of grace.
On a level with the best Palaces and castles were taken up in the Baroque wave, too. Monumental staircases, successions of rooms of increasing splendour, trompe-l’oeil murals… Baroque art was intended to show off the power of its patrons for the purpose of dazzling and impressing visitors. This decorative and pictorial wealth is particularly striking at the Palais Lascaris in Old Nice, the most important aristocratic home preserved in Nice, at the Princes’ Palace in Monaco and the Castle of Cagnes-sur-Mer with paintings by Carlone and Benso.
In the sunshine of the Riviera, Baroque art took on all its dazzle. Discover this exceptional cultural heritage along the “Route du Baroque Nisso-Ligure” to admire painting, sculpture and architecture in a flamboyant profusion of colour, gold, marble and stucco...
Chapel - Breil-sur-Roya
Palais Lascaris in Nice
Mediterranean Sea
Photo credits: Edith Andreotta P1, 8, 12, 16, 22, 27, 32 - Jupiterimages P2, 4, 10, 11, 13, 18, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 42, 43 - P10 Town of Antibes - P13 Town of Cannes - P14-15 Town of Villefranche-surMer - P19 Villa Euphrussi de Rothschild - P20-21 Town of Cagnes-sur-Mer - P26 Town of Vence - P29 « Les pigeons, Cannes, 1957 » by Pablo Picasso, Picasso Museum, Barcelone/Bridgeman-giraudon – © Succession Picasso 2008 - P30 Town of Saint-Paul-de-Vence - P32 Town of Menton - P34 « Tête carrée » by Sacha Sosno - sculpture habitée; architects: Yves Bayard, Claude Chapus/Town of Nice - Art dans la rue/Town of de Nice - P35 Matisse Museum/Nathalie Lavarenne, Masséna Museum/Town of Nice - P 36 Villa Arson: Ecole d’art & Centre national d’art contemporain/Photo Villa Arson - P37 Mamac/Town of Nice – Fernand Léger Museum/Patrick Gerin - Chapelle du Musée Picasso « La Guerre et La Paix » à Vallauris – copyright Succession Picasso 2008 - P38-39 Fondation Marguerite et Aimé Maeght, 06570 SaintPaul, France (Architect: Josep Lluis Sert) Labyrinthe Miró: Joan Miró, Femme à la chevelure défaite, 1968; Oiseau solaire, 1968 Photo: J.J L’Héritier © Archives Fondation Maeght; Succesio Miró, Adagp Paris 2008 - P39 Espace de l’Art Concret/JM Sordello - Château de La Napoule/Town of Mandelieu-La Napoule, Château de Villeneuve/F. Fernandez © Château de Villeneuve - P40 Hôtel Windsor - Musée de l’Art Concret/JM Sordello – La Colombe d’Or - Hôtel Negresco Salon Royal – « Nana Jaune » by Niki de Saint Phalle © Niki de Saint Phalle – 1997 © ADAPGP 2008 - P42 Michel Graniou - « Antibes, Afternoon Effect » by Claude Monet, Photograph © 2006 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston – « Antibes seen from the Salis » by Claude Monet, © 2006 Toledo Museum of Art – « Morning at Antibes » by Claude Monet © Philadelphia Museum of Art: Bequest of Charlotte Dorrance Wright, 1978 – « Harbour of Antibes » by Eugène Boudin, Musée d’Orsay - © Photo M. Anssens – « Antibes » by Henri-Edmond Cross (born H.E. Delacroix), Photographie © Musée de Grenoble – « Antibes, la promenade à cheval, l’artiste et son fils Charles » by Jean-Louis Ernest Meissonier, Photo RMN / © Hervé Lewandowski – « Le marché du Cours Masséna à Antibes » by Emile Charles Dameron,© Ville de Nice – « Antibes » by Henri Harpignies, © Photograph M.B.A. de Bordeaux / photographer Lysiane Gauthier – « The lovers by the ramparts » by Raymond Peynet,© ADAGP 2006, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Night Fishing at Antibes » by Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, © Succession Picasso 2007, © Joseph S. Martin / ARTOTHEK - « Landscape near Cagnes » by André Derain,© ADAGP 2006, © Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery – « Landscape at Les Collettes » by Pierre Auguste Renoir, Dépôt d’état du Musée d’Orsay, Collection Musée Renoir- « The farm at Les Collettes » by Pierre Auguste Renoir, (property of the state) Musée d’Orsay, Collection Musée Renoir / Bought by the town of Cagnes-sur-Mer en 1984 – « La Montée de Cagnes » by Chaïm Soutine,© ADAGP 2006, © Photograph, M.B.A. de Bordeaux / photographer Lysiane Gauthier – « Landscape, Chemin des Caucourts, Cagnes-sur-Mer » by Chaïm Soutine, © ADAGP 2006, © Photograph Graydon Wood - « Landscape at Cagnes » by Chaïm Soutine,© ADAGP 2006, Photography © The Art Institute of Chicago – « La Route de la Colline » by Chaïm Soutine, © ADAGP 2006,© Tate, London 2007 – « Cagnes Sur Mer » by William H. Johnson, © Smithsonian National American Art Museum – « Les cyprès à Cagnes » by Henri-Edmond Cross (born H.E. Delacroix), Photo RMN / © René-Gabriel Ojéda – « Mimosas en fleurs à Cagnes » by Félix Vallotton, © Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, Zürich (Switzerland) – « Street in old Cagnes at sunset » by Félix Vallotton, Fondation Félix Vallotton, Lausanne – « Notre Dame Chapel of Misericorde » by Ferdinand Deconchy, © Bernard Olives – « Way up to Bourgade » by Emile Wery © Bernard Olives - « Place du Haut de Cagnes en hiver » by Monique Giresse, © Photo Graniou, CGAM – « Cannes » by Adolphe Fioupou, © Musée de la Castre – « Vue de Cannes » by Joseph Contini, © Musée de la Castre – « Le Quai Saint Pierre et la Douane » by Charles Labor, © Musée de la Castre – « Cannes, la rue Félix Faure » by Emmanuel Bellini, © ADAGP 2008 - © Musée de la Castre - « View of Grasse » by Raoul Dufy, © ADAGP 2006, © Photo CNAC / MNAM Dist. RMN – © Jean-François Tomasian – « Mills Area » by Charles Nègre – « Rue de la Fontette » by Erwin Sutter, © Photo Graniou - CGAM – « View of Grasse » by Yvon Peron, © Photo Graniou – CGAM - « Ciel d’orage sur Cannes » by Pierre Bonnard, © ADAGP 2006, © Photo Josse – « Lanscape at Le Cannet » by Pierre Bonnard,© ADAGP 2006, © L’Annonciade Museum Collection, Saint-Tropez / Photo P.S. Azema – « The Pink Street » by Pierre Bonnard, © ADAGP 2006, © L’Annonciade Museum Collection, Saint-Tropez / Photo P.S. Azema – « Paysage du Midi » by Pierre Bonnard, © ADAGP Paris 2008, © Fondation Bemberg, Toulouse - « Parvis Saint Michel » by Raoul Dufy, © ADAGP 2007, © Photo M. Anssens, Ville de Nice – « La Place Saint Michel et les trois clochers » by Joseph Inguimberty, Collections of Menton Museums, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Grande vue de Menton » de Maurice Frido, © ADAGP 2007, Collections of Menton Museums, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Le port de Menton vu de la route d’Italie » by Ernest Louis Lessieux, Collections of Menton Museums, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Barques et pêcheurs, baie est de Menton » by Ernest Louis Lessieux, Collection des Musées de Menton – © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Paysage de Mougins II » by Pablo Picasso, © Succession Picasso 2007, © Blauel/Gnamm / ARTOTHEK – « L’Etang de Mougins » by Maurice Gottlob, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « La Chapelle Notre Dame de Vie » by Maurice Gottlob, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Porte Sarrazine » de Maurice Gottlob, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Village de Mougins sous ciel nuageux » by Maurice Gottlob, © Photo Graniou - CGAM - « Couple in the blue landscape » by Marc Chagall, © ADAGP 2006, Permission given for paper reproduction by the Comité Chagall – « Couple above Saint Paul » by Marc Chagall,© ADAGP 2006, Permission given for paper reproduction by the Comité Chagall – « Table in front of village » by Marc Chagall,© ADAGP 2006, Permission given for paper reproduction by the Comité Chagall – « Rue Obscure » by Jean Cocteau, © ADAGP 2006, © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « Bay of Villefranche » by Eugène Boudin, Musée d’Orsay © Photo M. Anssens – « View of Villefranche » by Jacques Guiaud – « Les filets de Villefranche » by Raymond Tournon, Private collection – « Fontaine à Villefranche » by Armand Ingenbleek, Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art of Strasbourg – Photo M. Bertola - « Villeneuve Loubet » by André Derain, Museum of Modern Art of Troyes – Pierre and Denise Lévy Donation - © Photo: Daniel le Névé –« Pêcheur au bord du Loup » by Félix Ziem, © Ziem Museum, Martigues – « Les Bords du Loup » by Charles Perrot, © Rights reserved - © Photo Graniou – CGAM – « La Baie des Anges à Nice » by Raoul Dufy, Émilienne Dufy Bequest - Work from the National Collections entrusted to the MNAM at the Jules Chéret Museum of Fine Arts - © Photo M. Anssens - Copywriting: Christine Mahé
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September 2008
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