Under the Ocean Alphabet Book
Mallory Adams
A is for…. Algae • The oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface, yet algae produce more than 71% of the Earth’s oxygen. • Like plants, algae make their own food by photosynthesis. • It is the major food for fishes.
B is for…. Barnacle It is an animal that contains a hard shell. Barnacle do not have a heart and gills. It
breathes through the body wall.
Barnacle swim only a short time after hatching
and spends the rest of its life attached to a hard surface.
A Barnacles’ diet consist of plankton and algae.
C is for…. Coral Reef They make up 25% of Marine life on the planet. They are made of tiny organisms called polyps which are
soft-bodied, but secrete skeletons.
The structure of the coral reef help slow down and shrink
waves as they go towards the shore.
Can be a habitat for some fish and protect them.
D is for…. Diatoms They are single celled organisms that create their own food. Are a major form of algae. So tiny you can’t see them without a microscope! A quarter of Earth’s Oxygen comes from diatoms.
E is for…. Euphotic Zone Also called the “sunlight zone”, and the depth of the zone is
what changes the color of the water.
This zone (layer) of the ocean receives most sunlight because it
is filled with plants like algae and phytoplankton.
Euphotic means “well lit”.
F is for…. Fin Fins are the most distinctive feature on a fish. Pectoral fins help fish dive or climb, turn right or left, and back
up.
The dorsal fins help the fish stay straight up when swimming.
G is for.… Gar They mainly live in the Atlantic Ocean. They surround themselves with coral reefs, and live at the bottom. They are an “ambush predator” and eat large fish and small sharks whole. Endangered!
H is for…. Habitat Very large area of salty ocean water. There are rocks, sand,
mud and seaweed.
Where some animals make to hide from predators. Reefs are the best known habitat in the ocean.
I is for…. Intertidal Zone This is where the land meets the water. Some animals that are located in this zone are barnacles,
brittle stars and crabs.
Has four different zones in it.
J is for…. Jaws Sharks help keep the food chain in the ocean in check. Sharks could possibly hold cures for diseases. If sharks stop moving, they could drown.
K is for…. Kelp Kelp is a large seaweed. Kelp grows in “underwater forests.” There are 30 different kinds of kelp.
L is for…. Lobe Coral One of the most important reef building species. Found in the tropical parts of the Indian and Pacific oceans. They grow very slow, about 1 centimeter per year.
M is For…. Marine Life The blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus, is the largest
known animal ever to have lived under water or land.
The oceans contain 99% of the living space on the planet. Coral reefs have been used to replace human bones to help
them heel quickly and healthy.
N is for…. Neap Tide A tide is the rising and falling of the ocean. Occurs twice a month when the sun and moon are at the
right angle towards earth.
This is a weak tide.
O is for…. Orca Also known as the killer whales! They feed on sea birds, squid, octopus, sea turtles, sharks,
rays, and fish.
They are at the top of the food chain.
P is for.... Pufferfish They are toxic! When they feel scared,
they puff up to look larger.
There are over 100
different kinds of pufferfish
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Q is For.... the Queen Conch It is a large edible sea snail. They can live up to 40
years.
They eat algae.
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R is for.... Right Whale The females are larger than the males. They feed off of Zooplankton and Krill. they critically endangered! They got their name because hunters believed
they were the "right" whales to kill.
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S is for…. Sun When the sun heats up the surface of the
water, it makes the water more dense.
The sun creates the wind that creates the
ocean currents.
The sun makes the Water Cycle happen!
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T is for…. Tides Tides are the rise and fall of the levels of the ocean. Ocean tides are created by the combination of the gravitational
force from the moon and sun.
There are many different tides like high tide, low tide, red tide, and
neap tide.
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U is for…. Unique Fish One of the most beautiful fish are the Parrotfish. The world’s ugliest fish is the blob fish. One of the most endangered species in the ocean are the Blue
Whales.
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V is for…. Volcanos The greatest amount of earths volcanoes are on the ocean
floor.
It is said 80% of volcanic eruptions occur underwater. Water from the volcanos are extremely acidic.
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W is for…. World Oceans The five oceans are.. The Atlantic Ocean The Arctic Ocean The Southern Ocean The Indian Ocean The Pacific Ocean
The Pacific is the largest of the oceans. June 8th is Ocean Day!
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X is for…. Xiphosura Another name for the Horseshoe Crab. They have six pairs of legs. They move into shallow waters to lay eggs.
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Y is for…. Yacht Were discovered in the 19th century
when J.P. Morgan turned them into recreational use and a sign of wealth.
Yachts can be hundreds of feet long. A “mega-yacht” refers to a yacht being
longer than 164 ft.
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Z is for…. Zones of the ocean The ocean can be divided up into 3 different
zones from the surface.
The sunlight zone (euphotic zone) is the top layer. The Twilight Zone is when the water becomes
deeper, and there is less light.
90% is the midnight zone where it is dark and no
sunlight can reach it.
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Standards CCSS. Science-LS.1.1.3 Basic Needs of Living Things.
This topic focuses on the physical needs of living things in Ohio. Energy from the sun or food, nutrients, water, shelter and air are some of the physical needs of living things.
Living things have basic needs, which are met by
obtaining materials from the physical environment. Living things survive only in environments that meet their needs. 03/22/17
Resource Page Col, J. (1996). Enchanted Learning. Retrieved from
http://www.EnchantedLearning.com Dasgupta, S. (2017, March 16). 10 Endangered Ocean Species and Marine Animals. Retrieved from http://marinebio.org/oceans/deep/ Garden, M. B. (2002). Temperate Oceans. Retrieved from http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/oceans/zone.htm Service, N. O. (2008, March 25). Corals. Retrieved from http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/corals/coral07_importance.html Yancy, P. (2011, December 29). The Deep Sea. Retrieved from http://marinebio.org/oceans/deep/
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