MAEER’s
MIT INSTITUTE OF DESIGN
Graduation Project 2018
Lighting Design Sponsor
Circumpunct Design Student
Manali Manoj Kabre
Industrial Design (Interior Space & Furniture Design)
Industry Guide
Faculty Guide
Garima Kakkar Vasudha Karhadkar
The Graduation Project Evaluation Jury recommends MANALI MANOJ KABRE to be awarded the Graduation Degree of the MIT Institute of Design, Pune in INDUSTRIAL DESIGN (INTERIOR SPACE & FURNITURE DESIGN) herewith, for the project titled “LIGHTING DESIGN” MEMBERS : NAME
ORGANIZATION
MAEER’s
MIT INSTITUTE OF DESIGN
on fulfilling the further requirements by *
(*Subsequent remarks regarding fulfilling the requirements :)
GRADUATION PROJECT 2018 PROGRAMME : UG PROGRAMME
Chairperson of the Jury
SIGNATURE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would ďŹ rst like to thank my college - MIT Institute of Design, my mentor - Prof. Vasudha Karhadkar, my HOD Prof. Amit Deshmukh and Prof.Gaurav Sharma for having given me this chance to work with a startup and understand the practical aspect of our ďŹ eld is. I would like to extend my gratitude towards my mentor, Prof. Vasudha Karhadkar for having guided me through this entire process and showing me the right path and helping me develop into a much better designer. I am very thankful to my Industry mentor Garima Kakkar, Sendil Kumaran and my Senior Designers Lakshmipriya, Vivek Krishnan and Akash for introducing me to a new and interesting material and having helped me discover various aspects of Lighting design and positively criticizing me towards achieving perfection. I would like to make a special mention to my family and friends without whose support completing this project would not have been possible. I would also like to thank all the execution workers who helped me develop my design and achieve it right. It has been a very encouraging, hardworking and an unforgettable experience throughout that has helped me grow as a person.
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CONTENTS 01. ABOUT THE FIRM - 11 02. PROJECT INITIAL BRIEF - 14 03. UNDERSTANDING LIGHTING - 16 04. MATERIAL RESEARCH AND TREND STUDY - 30 05. MARKET SURVEY AND USER STUDY - 40 06. FINAL ANALYSIS - 49 07. REDEFINING THE BRIEF - 50 08. THEME AND ITS PHILOSOPHY - 54 09. INSPIRATION AND CONCEPT GENERATION - 57 10. FINAL CONCEPT AND DETAILING 11. PACKAGING AND MARKETING - 121 12. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CONCLULSION - 124
TIMELINE UNDERSTANDING THE FIRM AND THEIR STYLE OF WORKING
MATERIAL UNDERSTANDING AND FINDING THE VENDOR IN INDIA FOR THE SAME
MATERIAL RESEARCH
LIGHTING RESEARCH - UNDERSTANDING ALL ITS ASPECTS
COMPILATION AND MAKING OF THE GRADUATION BOOK
THE SAME IS REPEATED FOR THE OTHER THREE LAMPS AS WELL
3D MODELLING AND RENDERING
LIGHTING FIXTURES - MARKET STUDY (BVK IYENGAR ROAD, SP ROAD)
CONCEPT GENERATION AND FINALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT
USER ANALYSIS AND CLIENT PERSONAS - GOOGLE FORM AND ONE ON ONE CONVERSATIONS WITH VARIOUS USERS
LAMP 1 - PENDANT- RESEARCH ON INSPIRATION AND FORM DERIVATION
MARKET COMPETITION STUDY
FINAL ANALYSIS AND REDEFINING THE BRIEF 7
01
ABOUT THE FIRM
CIRCUMPUNCT - ABOUT CIRCUMPUNCT DECODED We are a multidisciplinary Design+Build venture that primarily focuses on spaces and products: interiors, lighting and furniture. Established in 2012, we work to DESIGN+BUILD from the simplest to the most complex products. We have a distinctive work-style that is modern, striking, emotive and evocative. Our forte is that we provide 360 degree solution. THE BIRTH Circumpunct was born to bring an order to the Design+Build sector and make it more accountable. Till date, we find a lot of disparities in execution and pricing in executing projects. Our goal is to fill the gap, make the sector more organised. That is what makes us stand out from the rest. MUSE What’s in a name? Well, everything we believe. We wanted our name to be as unique, meaningful and distinct as our work. Thus was born ‘Circumpunct’! SOURCE CODE Circumpunct is believed to be the ancient symbol for the Sun, the one that balances the solar system. It is also a symbol for God, the point of beginning of creation. We imbibe meaning from both these concepts. CODE We aim to be the point of creation of design while maintaining a balance in all that we do. Hence, we coded ourselves Circumpunct.
DESIGN
TURNKEY
EXECUTION
Furniture, Lights, Space, 3D Visualization and Customisation.
Overall project conceptualisation, development and management.
Unique craftsmanship, handles all the aspects from start to finish.
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CIRCUMPUNCT - SERVICES
Every space has its unique personality and it’s how we design it that creates it’s vibe. Any space should welcome people with warmth and make them feel at ease. We believe in crafting areas that are both sustainable and future ready, while keeping the price points in check. We love spaces and any project associated with it, be it a corporate space, a residential space, or a F&B space.
Furniture is that factor which adds character to a space. They make a space what it is. Our mission is to design products that go beyond boundaries. We work to create well designed products that does not compromise on quality and adds value to your money. Our furniture line comprises of one of a kind products that are innovative and contemporary. The furniture line includes study tables, workstations, bar counters, chairs, stools and what not!
Light lends a space an unique aura and helps in enhancing its each and every aspect. Any space is incomplete without light, be it natural or artificial. Most of our lights are designed with a modern and contemporary touch. We deal with both decorative and task lights. Our ranges of products include chandeliers, table lamps, pendant lamps, ceiling lights, floor lamps and accessories. Apart from these, we also focus on custom lighting solutions.
CIRCUMPUNCT - TEAM Circumpunct is a team of five designers, two 3D modellers, HR, Accountant and approximately 25-30 execution team members, all headed by Mr. Sendil Kumaran, a very passionate leader of the whole team. Concept to Creation is the major USP of the firm.
CEO/FOUNDER
HR
ACCOUNTANT
DESIGN TEAM
EXECUTION TEAM
DESIGN HEAD
3D MODELLERS
DESIGNERS
DESIGN INTERNS
SPACE DESIGNERS FURNITURE DESIGNERS LIGHTING DESIGNERS 13
INITIAL BRIEF
INIITIAL BRIEF
To create a collection of lights for residences/homes. The latest trends, user’s choice and material exploration should be the major criteria for the design. Material Given : Chenel Paper Paper Technique : Exploring
02
LIGHTING RESEARCH
LIGHTING - BASICS Lighting measurements deal with: The Quantity of light – How much light comes out of the light and how much hits the surface you want to illuminate, such as a desk or countertop. Luminous Flux or Light Output is the quantity of light that leaves the lamp. This is measured in lumens. lluminance is the amount of light measured on the work surface, such as a desk or counter in the lighted space. This is measured in lux. A lux is one lumen per square meter. The Quality of light – What is the color of the light itself and how does it affect what colors are actually seen. To define light source color properties, the lighting industry predominantly relies on two metrics, correlated color temperature (CCT), commonly used as an indication of the apparent "warmth" or "coolness" of the light emitted by a source, and color rendering index (CRI), an indication of the light source’s ability to make objects appear natural. The Fixture efficiency – How much light actually leaves the fixture and is directed towards the area or surface that needs to be illuminated? How does that affect the cost? To make a full comparison of light fixtures you need to consider: - The overall energy usage of the fixture including ballasts, drivers and bulb. - The cost of the fixture. - The life of the light source and replacement costs over the lifetime of the fixture. - The amount, color and CRI of the light reaching the surfaces you wish to illuminate
WHY LIGHTING
Aesthetic eect and thereby improving the look and feel of the space.
Enhancing Task performances and the Elements in the space.
Illumination of the Space and to create a Mood or Relaxed atmosphere.
Energy eďŹƒciency to ensure no wastage of lights
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LIGHT AND SHADOW
Shadow is a true replica of each form. As a designer, I have made an attempt to utilize this by leveraging on the potential of Light. Every Light source inspires me to see how I could relate it to a discrete form and combine its effect along with the shadow tht it can create. Often, working with the source of light in various directions and angles, wonderful and aesthetic patterns come in. Infact in some cases, the effect is truly mesmerizing. Although without colour, the combination of light and shadow can give a scintillating effect. If appropriate geometric form can be added to this, it could develop unique patterns. Alongside, I have tried to understand these shadow patterns by playing with the geometric spaces within the weave patterns resulting in the foration of very intricate forms when lit.
LIGHTING - TYPES
TASK LIGHTING This is a smaller but more concentrated light. You want task lighting around when you’re working.Task lighting should be free of distracting glare and shadows and should be bright enough to prevent eye strain.
AMBIENT LIGHTING
ACCENT LIGHTING
Ambient light or General Lighting is a soft glow that blankets your space just enough for you to function without causing a harsh glare. It creates a warm and relaxing environment. Ambient lighting is often referred to as mood lighting.
It adds drama to a room by creating visual interest. It is used to highlight various elements. Accent lighting is one of the types of lighting that creates a very sophisticated atmosphere.
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LIGHTING - FIXTURES FLUSH RECESSED
EYEBALL DOWNSPOT EXPOSED CANISTER
ADJUSTABLE
PENDANT
REEL
Types of ямБxtures that provide Ambient indoor lighting: FLUSH LIGHT PANEL
SUSPENDED LUMINARY
TRACK LIGHTING
FULL ROOM LUMINOUS CEILING
SURFACE MOUNTED FIXTURE
SURFACE MOUNTED LUMINARY
CONFERRED LIGHT RECESS
SUSPENDED HANGING
CHANDELIER CEILING MOUNTED FIXTURE WALL-MOUNTED FIXTURE RECESSED FIXTURES AND DOWN-LIGHT TRACK LIGHT FLOOR LAMP TABLE LAMP
Types of Fixtures that Provide Task Lighting: DIRECTIONAL RECESSED FIXTURE OR DOWNLIGHT PENDANT LIGHTING PORTABLE OR DESK LAMP RECESSED COVE FIXTURE
RECESSED LIGHTS
WALL WASH
Types of Fixtures that Provide Accent Lighting:
INDIRECT PENDANT UNDER-CABINET LIGHTING
TASK LIGHTING
INDIRECT PENDANT
WALL SCONCE
TRACK LIGHT DIRECTIONAL RECESSED FIXTURE OR DOWNLIGHT WALL-MOUNTED FIXTURES
FIXTURES - MOUNTING DETAILS SWIVEL
BRIDGE ARM
LOOP
THREAD SOCKET
SHADE CANOPY
SOCKET
LOOP
HUSK ARM
SOCKET COVER FITTER SCREW
FITTER HOLDER BACKPLATE
SHADE
ARMBACK
FIXTURE SHADE FINIAL
LAMP SHADE
BREAK
HARP BULB
TUBE/ROD
All light fixtures have a fixture body and a light socket to hold the lamp and allow for its replacement.
LAMP SOCKET HARP BOTTOM NECK
Fixtures may also have a switch to control the light, either attached to the lamp body or attached to the power cable.
PIPE
LAMP BASE CORD SET HUSK SEATING RING
BASE
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BULBS - EVOLUTION INCADESCENT
FLUORESCENT
HALOGEN
LEDS
CFL
EDISON LEDS
BULBS - TYPES Pin Type/Bayonet
B15
B22
HOLDER PARTS
Screw Type
E14
E27
LIGHTING - EFFECTS Lights affect our lives in various ways. This is one of the reasons why lighting experts are hired to design the right ambience in homes, retail spaces, cafes and more.
EFFECIENCY AND FOCUS
EMOTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
Usually, the places where we need to stimulate our minds are brightly lit say schools or offices. However, the lights are often fluorescent keeping in mind energy efficiency & cost. Spending extended hours in such severe artificial light can make you feel uneasy and edgy. Try using dim lights when you need to do creative work and bright lights when you need to focus on work.
Our emotions are greatly impacted all through the day by the lights we are exposed to. You must have experienced that natural lighting through windows has a nice calming effect and that lack of lighting can be depressing. So when you are feeling low, go out for a walk and feel all charged up. Emotions are experienced intensely under bright lights. Contrary to this, dimming the lights reduces emotionality in the everyday decision making. BIOLOGICAL CLOCK Our built-in biological clock is based on our exposure to day light and our sleep cycle is dependent on our actions during the day. Exposure to bright light in the evening delays the cycle and leads us to prefer late sleep times. This adversely affects health. Dim light in the bedrooms is preferred as it has a soothing drowsy effect and help prepare to sleep. 23
LIGHTING - EFFECTS EYES Lighting, both natural and artificial can strain and even cause permanent damage to eyes. This fact is usually ignored. Spending long hours in very brightly lit areas can cause headaches and tiredness. Make sure you adjust the lights to avoid this strain. FOOD APPETITE Studies have found that light affects how much we eat, how fast we eat, what kinds of food we’re in the mood for, and even our perception of flavor. In general, we eat slower and consume less food in restaurants with softer, dimmer lighting. However, we may also be more likely to order unhealthy food in darker restaurants. Researchers believe this is because softer lighting may make us less alert and more relaxed, which means we’re less likely to think through our food selections (and assess how caloric they are) but more likely to eat at a leisurely pace, instead of scarfing our food down. But light doesn’t just affect what we eat—it can even have an impact on how things taste. One 2009 study, for instance, found that background lighting affected how much a group of volunteers liked a particular brand of wine, possibly because of the way different kinds of light affected the wine’s color.
LIGHTING - TRENDS OLED- ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE An OLED 'light bulb' is a thin film of material that emits light. OLED is the only technology that can create large "area" lighting panels (as opposed to point or line lighting enabled by LEDs and fluorescent bulbs). OLEDs can be used to make flexible and transparent panels, and can also be color-tunable. OLEDs emit beautiful soft diffused light - in fact OLEDs lighting is the closest light source to natural light
SMART LIGTHING With smart lighting, you can change the atmosphere in your home with the touch of a button. One remote control puts you in charge of up to 10 different wireless LED lights. Dim them, turn them on or off, and change the warmth of their glow. Combine them in your home any way you like and control them with our easy-to-use remote control.
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HOME LIGHTING - LIVING ROOM Lighting is important because of the intimacy it creates. "Since living rooms are usually one of the first rooms you walk into, it sets the tone for the rest of the house. A good living room lighting scheme uses different kinds of light, set at different levels, that work together to make the space warm and attractive. If you want people to linger, use dimmers that allow you to control the level of light to suit the activities that take place in the space. Accent lighting adds a pleasing variation of brightness, You're drawing attention and putting more light on an architectural feature. When you want to create interest and add sparkle to your living room, table lamps, hanging pendants and chandeliers can provide the decorative light that adds coziness and intimacy. The concept of layering light is particularly important in the living/family room, an area of the house where people tend to gather for long stretches of time and engage in an array of activities, including conversation, watching TV, reading, playing board games and using a laptop. In rooms where people spend a lot of time, get away from recessed downlights, and instead use lights that bounce off the ceiling for ambient illumination. Bouncing light off the ceiling creates a sense of brightness in the room, and avoids the shadows or downward direction of recessed lights.
HOME LIGHTS Warm and Inviting Relaxed atmosphere Fluidic or organic forms Simple and serene Elegance 27
03
MATERIAL UNCOVERED
WHAT IS THIS FRENCH PAPER?
A range of non-woven paper like material that is ďŹ reproof, luminiscent and a light diuser. The by product of the material is also put to use to create various innovative structures
AVAILABILITY THE MATERIAL
Procedes Chénel International is a young team with deep professional roots more than a century old. They specializes in the creation, development and distribution of materials and techniques for exhibition designers, event designers and interior designers. Committed for many years in a process of constant improvement, both socially and environmentally, Processés Chénel International is able to offer you more responsible solutions for your projects. WORKSHOPS available - Printing - Shaping - Cutting - Honeycomb - Locksmith - Origami (Basic)
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MATERIAL - TYPES
MATERIAL - DETAILS BASIC PROPERTIES
TYPES CHOSEN
FIRE RESISTANT - Hence, SAFER CAN BE DYED AND STITCHED
MAJOR RAW MATERIALS CELLULOSE
DROP PAPER® PAPER
MOLDABLE/CAN ATTAIN ORGANIC FORM - Since, it does not hold creases.
POLYESTER FIBERGLASS
LUMINOUS - Fibrous Material and hence, Transluscent LIGHTWEIGHT BUT STURDY
PAPER DROP A LA CARTE
VISUALLY APPEALING Because of the Self Texture. WATER RESISTANT - Hence, water based paper treatment is possible in interesting manners. Eg: Marble Printing NEWBIE That has just stepped into the country for exploration in the field of Lighting
APPLICATIONS
COLOUR BAND
PAPER ORIGAMI DROP
KRAFT DROP® PAPER
CEILINGS PARTITIONS CUSTOMIZABLE LIGHTING FURNITURES ACCESSORIES
CRYSTAL DROP® LAMINATE PAPER
WINDOW DISPLAYS DECORATIONS
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MORE ABOUT THE DROP PAPER
Non-woven made of cellulose, polyester and fiberglass Fibrous appearance Classified fire-resistant M1,B1, Class 1,, NFPA 701 Interior, Temporary Arhitecture, partitions, banners, lighting, false ceiling Width: 2.40m maximum(and any other lower width). Rolls of 25m and 50m length available. Printable by sublimation and latex inks Available in 21 colours. Exceptional lightness (60g/m2), luminiscent and light diffuser Easy to cut
EXISTING PAPER TECHNIQUES EXPLORING THE ART OF ORIGAMI
EXPLORING THE ART OF WEAVING
EXPLORING THE ART OF LAYERING
35
EXPLORED PAPER TREATMENTS
SPRAY PAINTING Spray painting is a technique where a devide sprays a coating (paint, ink, varnish etc.) through the air on the surface.
DYEING Textile printing and dyeing is the process of applying colour, mainly to fabrics. in properly printed fabrics he colour is bonded ith the fabric. in dyeing, the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one colour, whereas in printing one or more colours are applied to it in certain parta only, creating ptterns. The process of tie-dye typically consists of folding, twisting, pleating, or crumpling fabric and binding with a string or rubber bands, followed by application of dye(s). Bleaching is used to improve the appearance of the item by lightening discolorations and reducing stains
MARBLE PRINTING Paper marbling is a method of aqeous surface design, which can produce patterns similar to smooth marble or other kinds of stones
OTHER TYPES OF PAPERS USED IN LAMP MANUFACTURING
SILK PAPER
BANANA-FIBRE PAPER This Paper is made from banana fiber obtained, through an industrial process, from stems and the non-utilizable fruits. This paper can be either hand or machine made. The banana agricultural industry processes 42 million tonnes of bananasevery year. As a result of pulling apart the banana bunches from the main stem, there are leftover stems which contain 5%of fiber useful for the manufacture of paper.
Silk paper is capable of capturing the intense lustre and beauty of silk fibres but it is not considered a true sheet of laid paper. A shimmering sheet of the silk paper is created by simply laying down unspun fibres and ‘gluing’ them together. Various forms of adhesive mediums are used as the glue.
SHOJI PAPER The paper is translucent and people call it 'rice paper'. Traditionally shoji paper (washi) was made of Japanese mulberry tree called 'Kozo', or shrubs called 'Mitsumata' and 'Ganpi'. The paper was scarce and valuable because it was all natural and handmade. The use of synthetic and chemical fiber made the paper very affordable. Because of its rough texture, this paper refracts and diffuses lights. The paper throws a nice soft glow even on the hottest summer day. 37
04
USER ANALYSIS
USER FORM 1. What is your name, age, sex and marital status 2. What kind of an ambience do you prefer having in your living room? 3. Choose one amongst the lamp options below.
What is the reason for your above choice 4. Pick your favourite Lamp
1.
2.
9.
3.
10.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
5. What is the major purpose of your living room lamps? Mood Creation Night Light Decorative Piece Reading or Task purpose
The above was the USER FORM prepared to understand the types, usage and forms of lamps that are preferred by the user. Following this is an ANALYSIS REPORT based on about 95 responses given by users
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USER CHOICE IS ALWAYS A PRIORITY ANALYSIS: - A major audience group prefers to have a very warm, cozy and relaxed atmosphere in their homes, especially living rooms. - A lot of users also prefer having inviting and bright looks mainly keeping the guests and social gatherings in mind. - ORGANIC Forms and new materials and designs are being welcomed by a large group of people, moving away from the cliche and stepping towards LATEST TRENDS. - When it comes to home accessories, especially products like lights, most of the audience is looking for simple yet classy designs. Mood creation and as a Decorative/Statement piece are the two major purposes of the living room lamps for the major user group
ANALYSED CHARTS
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TRENDS 2018
BlACK & WHITE COLOR ACCENTS
ART DECO DRAMATIC LOOK
ORGANIC FORMS FLUIDIC
SHADOW PLAY
SUSTAINABILITY ECO - FRIENDLY
5467 C
10126 C
COLOR TRENDS
BLACK AND WHITE TREND
A truly timeless design trend, black and white furnishings and accessories will want to be on your list of trends to incorporate into your home’s decor this 2018. The visual contrast of black and white will provide a sense of balance and boldness to your home’s space. Something can be said for incorporating black and white into a space. It instantly makes the overall look feel more classy. Grey will still be the neutral of choice for many interiors
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CLIENT PERSONAS PERSONA 1 - Gender, Age : Male, 42 - Married with 2 children - Cost eďŹƒcient, Loves to explore with new trends, Strong believer in energy eďŹƒcient living - Avid reader having optimistic thoughts - Has a strong network but believes in spending quality time with family - Owner of a 3 BHK Lavish Apartment that needs to be refurbished. Thus, looking at having a living area where the family could spend relaxed evenings chit chatting together having simple but elegant elements
PERSONA 3 - Gender, Age : Female, 25 - Work Background: Software Engineer - Newly married - The couple is a strong believer in Vaastu - Want a warm and romantic ambience in the living area where they could sit together, spend time, watch movies.
PERSONA 2 - Gender, Age : Female, 34 - Married with 1 child - Freelance Interior Designer - Socially active - Guests in line all the time - Has an eye for details and uniqueness - Looking for a invitive, decor-based living space.
05
MARKET COMPETITION
TO BEWARE - MARKET COMPETITION (PAPER LIGHTS)
LOCATION: Indiranagar, Bangalore
LOCATION: Koramangala, Bangalore
FORTE: Fast running Organic paper lamps that are hand made in their in-house set-up
FORTE: Fast running Paper Wall sconces and Pendant lights
PAPER USED: - Natural Fibre Papers (mainly Banana Fibre) - Locta Paper (Nepali Paper)
PAPER USED: - Shoji Paper (Japanese paper)
MAJOR TECHNIQUES USED: - Paper crushing - Laser cutting
MAJOR TECHNIQUES USED: - Paper overlapping - Laser cutting
PRICE RANGE: Starting from Rs. 5000
PRICE RANGE: Starting from Rs. 2000
ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIES Strengths
Weaknesses
- Ease of Go-To-Market - Eco- friendly material - More inclined towards the elite or boutique market - Adaptable to Organic or fluidic forms - The possibility of Customization is quite high -
- Requirement of skilled labour leading to expensive pricing - Difficult to mass produce - Not Packaging and transport friendly - Time consuming manufacturing process - Limited choices available - Paper, as a material is prone to higher maintainance
Opportunities
Threats
- Upcoming demand in the commercial sector as well - Advocates eco-friendly or sustainable living thereby increasing popularity - No large scale competition owing to requirement of skill
- Difficult to compete with machine manufacturing
Strategies : After studying the market and the clientale that is incline towards paper lamps, it was seen that marketting should be concentrated on the slightly elite clientale base because these lamps form more like a style statement or a luxurious decor accessory because of its delicacy and expensive pricing.
49
REDEFINED BRIEF
To create a collection of lights for residences/homes focussing mainly on the living area for a luxurious or elite style. The latest trends, user’s choice and material exploration should be the major criteria for the design. The user or clientale base is mainly 25 to 45 years aged individuals since they are the maximum and explorative buyers. The collection must include one pendant, a wall sconce, a table and a floor lamp. The lights must mainly serve the accent purpose and hence should create the required warm and invitive mood. The lights should be designed in such a way that they could be bought as a range or even should individually stand out. Material Given : Chenel Paper Paper Technique : Exploring a different one for each of the lamps.
06
CONCEPT GENERATION
GRAPPE where design meets luxury
53
CLUSTERS IN NATURE Theme Board
THEME - CLUSTERS IN NATURE In a cluster, there are continuous, relatively densely populated regions of the space and, these are surrounded by continuous, relatively empty regions of the space. Using this definition for natural clusters we developed an algorithm for finding such clusters from the relative interpoint distances within a set. SOLITUDE in life is seldom encouraging. One is sorrow and many is happiness. We all go through this phase every single day irrespective of which profession we are in. Each one of us looks for company to enable exhileration of our thoughts and creativity, thereby, giving us positivity and cheer. This is also true for other living creatures in Nature. When we look around, our nature sights innumerable examples of clusters and cohesion. This reflects scale and harmony. From flowers and leaves, to bubbles and clouds, from flock of birds to coral reefs, clusters formation is everywhere. This is representation of synergy and bonding which depicts energy and enthusiasm. In a nutshell, it speaks about momentum and progress. Owing to the above mentioned philosophy, Each of the lamps are made considering a different cluster that is found in nature. THE FOUR MAJOR CLUSTERS USED FOR INSPIRATION ARE: - Yellow Clusterwinks - Flower Petals - Succulent Leaves - Hexagonal Crystals Adapting these forms into the lamps, which would be used in day to day living, required a lot of creative thinking and direct visualization and understanding of the clusters to the layman. The challenge was to not just depict the form but also to bring ou the feel so that the philosophy written above is percieved while using the lamps.
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GRAPPE CHIME - the Pendant
57
INSPIRATION BOARD 1 Clusterwinks or Hinea brasiliana are the first snails to be discovered to use the shell -flashing trick as a form of self defense and attracting a larger creature to prey on. They glow when disturbed with different intensities (bluish green light). It is one of only a few sea snail species able to bioluminesce. Hinea brasiliana, common name the yellow-coated clusterwink, is a species of small sea snail. It is native to New Zealand and southeastern Australia where it is found in the littoral zone of rocky shores. When the tide is out, these snails tend to cluster together in moist places, hiding in crevices or under rocks. As soon as the tide comes in, they disperse to graze on microalgae. It has been found that all other wavelengths of light are transmitted through the shell material and it is only the blue-green wavelength that is selectively diffused. TANGIBLE ASPECTS : - The Shell is thin at the edge of the aperture but thickens rapidly away from the edge. - The thickened part is marked with weak raised ridges known as lirae. - There is a horny operculum which closes the shell when the soft parts are retracted inside. - The colour of the shell is white both inside and out. The light shines through the pale translucent shell, which acts to diffuse the light so that the whole shell glows. - The outer surface is protected at first by a yellowish-brown periostracum which eventually gets worn away. INTANGIBLE ASPECTS : - The glowing of the shell in different intensties potrays a very calm or serene emotion. - The self defense mechanism also brings in a very protective and defensive aura. DEPICTIONS : SHELL-LIKE STRUCTURE
DYNAMIC FORM
WARM AND SECURE
FORM GENERATION
59
3D FORM GENERATION After exploring and deriving forms, based on the chosen inspiration, dynamic ones were taken forward for the 3D form making. Most of them were very close to shell-like forms. The ďŹ nal form has all the three mentioned depictions.
FINAL FORM ITERATIONS
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FINAL CONCEPT
Black Multicore Wire
- The lamp is aimed at providing a luxurious feel to modern day living. - Depiction of the warm and secure aura is through the clustered lights, that spread out from within the main shell-like form and light up the space around.
Candle LED Bulbs
Half Round Canopy
- The lamp is made using the process of paper segmentation. The original beauty and texture of the drop paper is seen here when lit. - This pendant light gives a very invitive mood and stands as a decor or statement piece in living areas.
WIREFRAME 350 METAL PIPE (ID= 10mm) DETAIL B
WELDING DETAIL A 130 METAL RODS (dia = 3mm)
108
271
630
DETAIL A
STRIP APPLICATION AND THE OVERLAPPING ZONE OF THE PLACEMENT OF TWO ADJACENT CUT STRIPS CUT STRIP -1
SPACE FOR THE METAL WASHER - 1
400
CUT STRIP -2
This detail describes how the chenel paper is applied over the metal frame with the help of FeviямБx. The same detail works for all the cut strips
ALL MEASUREMENTS ARE IN mm
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CURVE PROFILES ARC LENGTHS - BENDING PROFILES
270 250
220
210
C-5
0
C-3
C-4
C-2
C-1
FRONT VIEW
90
C-1
C-2
C-3
C-4
C-5
300 260 240 C-10
160
C-9 0
90
C-8 C-6
C-7
REAR VIEW
C-6
C-7
C-8
C-9
C-10
270
210 220 140
MAIN PROFILE
TOTAL RUNNING LENGTH OF THE CURVES: 3m ALL MEASUREMENTS ARE IN mm
FIXTURES AND WIRING DETAILS
LOWER CURVE -1
LOWER CURVE -2
C-3---C-2
C-1---0
0---C-6
C-2---C-1
845
260
LOWER CURVE -3
C-9---C-10
250
0---C-5
TOP-1 C-10---0
TOP-2
285
350
LOWER CURVE -4
C-7---C-8
C-6---C-7
C-4---C-3
C-8---C-9
VARIED LENGTH WIRE (Black) (Dia - 3mm)
C-5---C-4
275
1200
GRIPPER
90 35
All the cut proямБles in the above template are denoted how based on their placement from the starting to the ending curve
60
10
20
TEMPLATE DETAILS FOR LASER CUT
METAL WASHER - 1
HOLDER
50
90
DETAIL C CANDLE LED BULB
60 30
10
70
WASHERS
45
DETAIL C
WIRING HOLES ALL MEASUREMENTS ARE IN mm
DETAIL B
ALL BULBS ARE SCREW TYPE
65
FINAL RENDERS
SPACE CONTEXT
67
PROTOTYPE MAKING
METAL FRAMEWORK Metal strips are first put on the edges with the help of adhesive. This is done to provide a flat surface area for the main paper application The Chenel paper is then cut into segments as per the frame and put carefully over the strips using the same adhesive ELECTRICAL FITTINGS
COSTING Par�culars 1 Metal Framework Material - MS pipe (ID -10mm) Material - MS Rod (dia-3mm)
Unit
Quan�ty
Cost/unit (in Rs.)
Amount (in Rs.)
metres metres
0.5 4
100 200
50 800
hours
4
50
200
hours
0.5
60
30 1080
2 Chenel Paper (Total roll :10m x 1.2m) Material Used Labour Adhesive - fevifix Masking Tape (Thin) 2a Sub total
metres hours tubes Rolls
0.9 6 2 1
1619.5 80 30 10
1457.55 480 60 10 1997.55
3 Electrical fi�ngs Bulbs - LED (3W) Bulbs - Candle LEDs Black Wire (mul�core) Half round Canopy (Metal-black) Holders and Grippers for 3W LEDs Holders and Grippers for Candle LEDs 3a Sub total
nos. nos. metres nos. nos. nos.
2 6 6 1 2 6
100 150 30 80 30 40
200 900 180 80 60 240 1660
Welding (Labour including consumables) Powder coa�ng (Labour including consumables) - Black 1a Sub total
4 Grand Total (1a+2a+3a) 5 Profit Margin (60%) 6 Selling Price
4737.55 2842.53 7580.08 Transport and Packaging - not included
69
FINAL PROTOTYPE
71
GRAPPE TEREE - the table lamp
73
INSPIRATION BOARD 2 - in the form of leaves Trailing Jade
Terreriums - succulents The Crassula sarmentosa or the Trailing Jade is a succulent that forms a neat rounded plant with slightly toothed succulent leaves.In the cooler months the leaves turn an almost neon green with pink to red margins. It produces masses of light pink tiny flowers in sprays in the summer DEPICTIONS : FLUIDIC APPROACH
ENGULFING FORM
HARMONY
FORM GENERATION
75
FINAL FORMS
The final form was chosen so as as to achieve an engulfing cluster of the leaves inspired fron succulents - mainly the Trailing Jade
Achieving thr final form
77
FINAL CONCEPT - The design intent of this lamp is to avoid direct confrontation with the light to reduce glare and enable the elegance of the material. - The form achieved is such that it engulfes the light within and ows into a harmony - The foundation of the lamp rests in the tiny terrerium plant that has been placed at the root of the lamp signifying a step towards green living. - The lamp is developed using crushed Chenel paper which is a result of the explorations done with the material to give a feel of unision.
Terrerium - Succulent
Edison LED Bulb
Black Multicore Wire
CAD VIEWS Leaf - 1 Leaf - 5
Leaf - 4
MS RODS (dia=3mm) Powder coated - black
Covered with crushed Chenel Paper
Leaf - 3
PLAN
Leaf - 2
PLAN - LEAF PLACEMENTS
310
300
Front Face All measurements in mm SIDE VIEW
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
79
PROFILE DETAILS
Leaf - 2
Leaf - 3
130
Leaf - 4
90
210
230
270
310
110
130
Leaf 4
50
70
65
Leaf - 1
Leaf - 3 Leaf - 2 240
520
185
Leaf - 5
Leaf - 1
80
Leaf - 4
CUT PROFILES FOR THE CRUSHING 240
3D CURVE AND FIXTURE DETAILS LEAF 5 -3D CURVE
C-1
C-2
85
80
65
70
130
60 170
C-3
79
80
WIRING HOLES
80
80
70
Total Running Length: 500mm
C-2
C-1
C-3
150
80
Total Running Length: 430mm
C-3
Placement of the curves Dia - 40mm
Dia - 110mm For the Fixture and bulb holder - PLAN
Fixture Details - SECTION 81
FINAL RENDERS
SPACE CONTEXT
83
IN THE MAKING
The MS frame is made using 3mm Rods and the plot CAD drawings provided. After the process of Bending and Welding them together, it is powder coated. On the finished frame, the paper is crushed and placed, profile by profile. The end of each cut profile is turned over the frame and pasted well.
COSTING Par�culars 1 Metal Framework Material - MS Rod (dia-3mm)
Unit
Quan�ty
Cost/unit (in Rs.)
Amount (in Rs.)
metres
4
200
800
hours
2
50
100
hours
0.5
60
30 930
2 Chenel Paper (Total roll :10m x 1.2m) Material Used Labour Adhesive - fevifix Masking Tape (Thin) 2a Sub total
metres hours tubes 83 Rolls
0.5 3 1 1
1619.5 80 30 10
809.75 240 30 10 1079.75
3 Electrical fi�ngs Bulbs - LED (6W) Black Wire (mul�core) - with plug Holder and Gripper for 6W LED 3a Sub total
nos. metres nos.
1 2 1
150 40 30
150 80 30 260
nos. nos.
1 1
450 150
450 150 600
Welding (Labour including consumables) Powder coa�ng (Labour including consumables) - Black 1a Sub total
4 Miscellaneous Glass vase Terrerium 4a Sub total 4 Grand Total (1a+2a+3a +4a) 5 Profit Margin (60%) 6 Selling Price
2869.75 1721.85 4591.6 85
FINAL PROTOTYPE
87
89
GRAPPE ECLECT - the wall accent 92
INSPIRATION BOARD 3 - in the form of crystals
Crystals are always mined or extracted in clusters from quarrys. In this case, the inspiration is taken from the hexagonal crystals shown alongside like dioptase, apatite etc.
DEPICTIONS : GEOMETRIC CLUSTER
INTRICACY
ELITE
FORM EXPLORATION
94
FINAL FORM
Geometric crystal-like ďŹ nal form was worked on with various tesselations explored.
Two new explorations in terms of Paper Weaving and Paper Dyeing was explored as a contrast 96
WEAVES EXPLORED
FINAL CONCEPT
- This lamp form is inspired by hexagonal crystal clusters that depict a shine. It has been designed to designate continuity and contrast in an artistic manner. - Weaves were introduced into the form to add an interesting detail and a feel of intricacy. They also result in the diusion of light through layering thereby, adding to the aesthetics - Milky White Acrylic is laser cut and used as a backframe. - The glow through the spaces between the forms adds to the elegance of the lamp. - The white weaves and the dyed forms create a subtle contrast that adds to the design detail. - The weave chosen is mentioned below, and the dye colour could be as per the user choice. Mainly Grey or indigo is suggested.
LED Strip Light
Acryclic Backframe
Final Weave
98
CAD DETAILS
LED Light strip around the edges
COSTING Par�culars 1 Acrylic Framework - Inclusive of Laser cut, material and Labour 1a Sub total 2 Chenel Paper (Total roll :10m x 1.2m) Material Used Labour Adhesive - fevifix Masking Tape (Thin) Dye 2a Sub total 3 Electrical fi�ngs LED Strip with Adaptor 3a Sub total 4 Grand Total (1a+2a+3a) 5 Profit Margin (60%) 6 Selling Price
Unit metres
Quan�ty
Cost/unit (in Rs.) 1
4000
Amount (in Rs.) 4000 4000
metres hours tubes Rolls Bo�le
0.4 6 2 1 2
1619.5 80 30 10 10
647.8 480 60 10 20 1217.8
nos.
1
1400
1400 1400 6617.8 3970.68 10588.48 100
FINAL RENDER
SPACE CONTEXT
102
PHOTOSHOOT
SPACE CONTEXT
102
104
GRAPPE GRANDE -the floor lamp
106
INSPIRATION BOARD 4 - in the form of petals
Petals always cluster inwards in most of the cases as observed in the above pictures. The major inspiration is taken from the spread of lotus and its magniďŹ cient form.m.
DEPICTIONS : ORGANIC APPROACH
OPENING UP/BLOOM
SERENE
FORM GENERATION
The final form , inspired from the form of a lotus was worked on so as to achieve its magnificient and blooming structure.
108
FINAL CONCEPT
- The form of Lotus is illustrative and artistic, thereby, giving a feel of grandeur. - The pattern of this lamp has a blooming form, giving a serene look. - The design of the lamp has been done to dierentiate the cluster form from the geometric legs to give elegance and attention to the main form and also a culmination of an organic and geometric form. - The use of crushed Chenel paper brings a lustrous eect.
Edison LED Bulb
Black Multicore Wire
CAD DETAILS
190
METAL PLATE (thickness=5mm) With a socket for bulb holder Inner petals placed over the Metal plate
560
140
Covered with crushed Chenel Paper 30
MS RODS (dia=3mm) Powder coated - black
260
140
300
x8
120 INDIVIDUAL OUTER PETAL - MS ROD
MS RODS (dia=10mm) Powder coated - black
1080
EDISON BULB
BULB HOLDER
METAL PLATE
Wiring Hole FIXTURE DETAILS
All measurements are in mm
110
INNER PETALS - DETAILS CUT PROFILES 160
D*4
400 320 A*4
250
B*4
C*4 220
600
Placements of the inner petals Total Petals: 16
Bulb and holder
Outer welded Petals
Inner PLAN - Main Form
Main Form
RENDERS
112
IN THE MAKING
The MS Frame is made with the help of the Plot
The ďŹ nal frame is then powder coated Crushed Chenel Paper is put over the outer petals as mentioned earlier in the table lamp process The Cut proďŹ les are then folded, spray painted and placed on theinner plate, around the bulb
COSTING Par�culars 1 Metal Framework Material - MS Rod(dia -10mm) Material - MS Rod (dia-3mm) Material - MS plate(thicknes-6mm)
Unit
Quan�ty
Cost/unit (in Rs.)
Amount (in Rs.)
metres metres nos.
6 5.5 1
200 200 150
1200 1100 150
Welding (Labour including consumables) Powder coa�ng (Labour including consumables) - Black 1a Sub total
hours
6
50
300
hours
1
60
60 2810
2 Chenel Paper (Total roll :10m x 1.2m) Material Used Labour Adhesive - fevifix Masking Tape (Thin) 2a Sub total
112
metres hours tubes Rolls
1.5 6 2 1
1619.5 80 30 10
2429.25 480 60 10 2969.25
3 Electrical fi�ngs Bulbs - LED (6W) Black Wire (mul�core) - with plug Holder and Gripper for 6W LED 3a Sub total
nos. metres nos.
1 4 1
150 40 30
150 160 30 340
4 Grand Total (1a+2a+3a) 5 Profit Margin (60%) 6 Selling Price
6119.25 3671.55 9790.8 114
PHOTOSHOOT
SPACE CONTEXT
114
116
SAME FORM - DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS ORIGINAL - FLOOR LAMP
THE FLOOR LAMP FORM WAS USED WITH DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS TO EXPLORE ITS POSSIBILITIES AS A TABLE, PENDANT AND WALL
DETAIL DRAWINGS
PENDANT LAMP - OPTION 2 510
TABLE LAMP
170
215
235
255
510
510
116 PENDANT LAMP
WALL LAMP
230
350
118
07
PACKAGING AND MARKETING
PACKAGING - METHOD
BUBBLE WRAP The products would be wrapped with 3-4 layers of bubble wrap to prevent it from dust and wear and tear
PACKAGING FILLER
HONEYCOMB BOX It has been developed to transport your light or heavy products safely to their destination. The Box is an excellent export box and an alternative to heavy wooden or plywood boxes. It needs no treatment like wood and you will beneďŹ t from savings in handling, material and freight costs.
IMPROVISATIONS AND MARKETING STRATEGY SCOPE OF IMPROVEMENT Kaizen or continous improvement is intrinsic to every innovative design. The objective of undertaking such improvisation is to aim for transformation of customer satisfaction into customer delight. The main focus of my improvization would be to work on enhanced forms so as to make it easier for mass manufacturing. I would also like to concentrate on moving towards precision and accuracy when working with the material or finding for the right kind of artisans to do the same. Also, a major thrust would be given on using white colour while powder coating the metal instead of black to prevent the dark marks that may appear on the paper. MARKETING STRATEGY Each Family of lamps that would be created would be based on a unique theme thereby, classifying them into the category of boutique lamps. These would then be targetted on elite customers who are on a look-out of personification and style statement. It has been observed that majority of such customers have a flair for online shopping. Hence, my marketting strategy would be to position these products suitably on an online platform this would enable, attract the right traffic of customers and also facilitate appropriate value for them. In the hindsight, this would keep the overhead costs low. The plan is to have an experience store for customers to take a look and get a feel of these designer products subsequently they could utilize this experience to make an online purchase.
122
ONLINE MARKETING CATALOGUE This is virtual online catalogue as would be shown on the circumpunct website.
THE GRAPPE CHIME Inspired by clusterwinks, Grappe Chime is a pendant style statement poised to grace your living area. The lamp is spread out from the main shell, inviting attention and standing out as a jewel. Dynamic yet subtle, this is made for the ones who like to keep it simple yet elite. Aimed at providing a luxurious feel to the modern day living, this light is a combination of beauty and texture in its purest form. CODE : TGC101
THE GRAPPE TEREE Cute, artistic and green, Teree has a form that is achieved by engulďŹ ng the light within it. It is a tiny step towards preserving green life through its little terrerium foundation. The lamp avoids direct confrontation with the light, allowing the crushed paper texture to highlight. This side table lamp creates a positive vibe around the room. The lamp is designed to transmit the feel of harmony and luxury CODE : TGC102
THE GRAPPE ECLECT A contrast between the weaves and the dye, Eclect is an elegant combination of intricacy and simplicity. This wall accent is a deďŹ nition of extravagance amidst purity. The hexagonal beauty is the crowning glory of the wall that creates a beautiful glow in the room. Vibrance is what deďŹ nes this piece.CODE : TGC103
THE GRAPPE GRANDE True to it’s name, the Grande is inspired by the spread of lotus. This floor lamp is a maginificient form that can be kept aside a sofa as a reading light or as decor piece for the corner of a living room. It is a perfect combination of geometry with organic form creating magic. CODE : TGC104
BIBLIOGRAPHY Research Aids www.chenel.com www.mylampparts.com http://www.standardpro.com/3-basic-types-of-lighting/ www.urbancottageindustries.com/blog/lamp-holders-explained-lighting-101-unit-4/ http://www.continental-lighting.com/lighting-basics/choosing-light.php http://www.louisetucker.net/new-index/ www.hgtv.com/design/decorating/design-101/light-bulbs-know-the-dierent-types http://www.archlighting.com
Image Aids www.google.com/imghp www.pinterest.com
CONCLUSION
It has been an amazing learning experience as a student in MIT Institute of Design for three and a half years and as an Intern at Circumpunct for four months. Practical application of all the knowledge that we came across in college, was the major understanding aspect during the internship. Every single step made me grow as as Designer and helped me to attain an improved personality. “Concept to Creation” being the main USP of my firm, the manufacturing of the created design was understood in the best possible way. A lot of problems came across my way during the making of the prototype and solving each of it took me a step ahead. The internship helped me to gain exposure to a concept of “Design to Delivery” which is the crux of the commercial market where I would soon enter. It became very evident that “Design for Manufacturability” is an important approach that all designers need to follow. This project not only gave me an insight about a completely new material but also helped in developing my research skills. It helped me discover Lighting as a new medium of design in my field. I would love to continue this project further and explore the material much more and develop various ranges of luxury lamps. “Everytime knowledgeis graced with the ornament of practice, its power enhances and the result is WISDOM”
128