E–G U I D E
Oil & Gas in Qatar
C O N T E N T S • Special Features OGP 101 The Gas Industry Explained
• OGP Update • Company Activities
QATAR OIL, GAS AND PETROCHEMICAL E-GUIDE ©
MARHABA
000 OIL N GAS EGUIDE LAYOUT.indd 1
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Founder & Managing Editor Hilary Bainbridge Marhaba endeavours to quote accurate information and updates each of its sections every issue. However, the magazine accepts no liability in the case of unintentional errors. Š 2020 Marhaba Information Guide. All Rights Reserved. No part of this magazine may be reproduced, in any form, without written permission of the publishers.
Editorial Sarah Palmer (Editor) , Ola Diab (Deputy Editor) , Terry Sutcliffe , Gina Coleman Online Lubuna Jeffin Advertising Howard Bainbridge Digital Lalaine Turqueza , Charlotte Wright , Weslee Dizon, Sisner Baricas Jr. Retail Sales Ayen Molina Design and Artwork Dick Tamayo , Mar Principe , Arnel Ramos Dana Public Relations PO Box 3797, Doha, Qatar Tel (+974) 4465 5533, 4465 0083 Fax (+974) 4465 5588 General Information marhaba@qatar.net.qa Retail Sales retailsales@marhaba-qatar.com Follow us on
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Oil, Gas & Petrochemicals The information contained in this guide has been checked and verified as correct as at the time of compilation. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, information is subject to change. Follow marhaba.qa for the latest updates.
All the latest news from around the world and in Qatar
Feature – The Gas Industry Explained We explain everything you’ve ever wanted to know about the gas industry!
Company Activities • • • • • • •
Qatar Petroleum • QP Industrial Cities Qatargas • Qatar Fertiliser Company Qatar Petrochemical Co • Qatar Plastic Products Co Qatar Fuel Additives Co • Qatar Chemical Co Ltd Ras Laffan Operating Co • ConocoPhilips Exxonmobil Qatar Inc • North Oil Company Oryx GTL • Qatar Shell • Sasol • Total • WOQOD
Feature – OGP 101 An overview of some of the terminology used in the industry.
Oil, Gas & Petrochemicals
Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals Update
Feature – LNG20245 One of LNG’s most prestigious events will be coming to Qatar in 2025.
©
MARHABA
M78 AUTUMN 2020
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3
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Hamad Ambulance Al Bidda Hospital Wyndham
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St
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Summit Academy
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Qatar Sports Club
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West Bay
Khalifa Tennis & Squash Complex Barzan
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Messila
Sa
Al Salam St
53
Traffic Police
Royal Hall
Wathnan Mall
Appletree Nursery
Al Rayyan Security Dept
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Al Messila Resort & Spa
Al Rayyan I/C
Al Shedaida St
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Qatar Guest Centre
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Traffic Dept HQ
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Ansar Gallery
Al Shafi St
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Al Shaqab
lM uk ht ar
Al Hazm
Khalifa St
Omar Bin Al
eday St Al B
Al Rayyan Municipality Food Centres
Doha College Al Wajba
Doha Metro Network
Makkah St
Education City St Al Rayya
Chef’s Garden
EC Golf Club
Gate 5
Doha Exhibition Centre
SEK Doha College WB Campus
West Bay Al Meera
Jasi m B
Mathaf
Makkah St
Al Shaqab
Chouiefat
Institut Francais du Qatar
Omar A
Starfish Lane Kids
Omar Bin Al Khattab
Swiss International
Newton
Newton
Al Khafji St
St
Onaiza St
Qatar Nat’l Library
EC Stadium 2022
y
CCQ Boys
32 33
Al Gharrafa I/C
Gate 2 Oxygen Park
sit
Madinat Khalifa
Immigration Dept
Al Luqta St
Education City
qt
Gold line Al Aziziyah - Ras Bu Abboud
E
National Library
K 21
66
Elder Tree KG
Souq Al Ali
a St
Al Lu
Porsche Quick Service
Compass QNCC Qatar
Car Park
66
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Kanga’s Pouch
a St
Park View Compass Pet Centre
Little Academy
St
iv
Edison
Umm Lekhba I/C
51
QSTP
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Un
67
Dahl Al Hamam Family Park
St
Al Wajba
2
Al Markhiy
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L
St
Lusail St
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Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI)
68
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ACS Int’l School Ezdan Mall
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Road
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Gulf Mall
Mo
St
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Lycee Wadi Rawd a n St Voltaire
Al Ghaf St
Jelaiah Complex
Qatar Canadian School
Duhail I/C
Education City Premier Inn
Le
Japan School
Mall of Qatar
19 20
Sherborne
Interchange
Starfish Lane Kids 2
Al Khafji St
Al Gharrafa Sports Club
13. Qatar Foundation Headquarters
Celebration Hall
Riviera Gardens
St
Al Rayyan Stadium 2022
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College of the North Atlantic
Qatar Veterinary Centre
l St
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Doha Golf Club
Legtaifiya Lagoon
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ad
Interchange
Al G
Academic Bridge Program (ABP) Al Shaqab Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar (CMU-Q) Ceremonial Court Georgetown University in Qatar (GU-Q) Education City Golf Club Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) Mosque Multaqa (Student Center) Northwestern University in Qatar (NU-Q) Oxygen Park Qatar Academy Doha (Primary School)
Doha Sports Park
QIPCO
Qatar University
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Ministry of Education
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68
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Vendome Mall Qatari Diar
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Str
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B
70
70
QATAR
Beverly Hills Lusail Energy City Qatar
Qatar Petroleum District
Duhail Water Pumping Station
Doha Festival City
CGIS
Fox Hills South
1A u
oad
Doha prepared in cooperation with
Crescent Park
The International School of London in Qatar
IKEA
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ACS
Qatar Finland Int’l School
Map of Greater
Fox Hills North
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Al
A
Lusail Stadium 2022
6
r Coa
2
Al Shamal Al Ruwais Ras Laffan Al Zubara Al Khor Umm Garn Umm Slal
o Al Kh
4
2
Lusail Al Mazrooah Al Shamal Rd
aC
1
Ras Laffan Al Shamal Al Zubara Al Khor Al Shamal Rd
Barwa Al Baraha
3
W
8/1/20 1:34 PM
Birla
4 Qetaifan Island North
Lusail Stadium 2022
5
Qetaifan Island North
EMBASSY LOCATIONS
Fox Hills North
Waterpark Project vard
Boule
ercial
Comm
Crescent Park
Fox Hills South
e 1A
Lusail City
und
Beverly Hills Lusail
n tio ruc nst eco er r
Vendome Mall
Energy City Qatar
Qatar Petroleum District
Qatari Diar
et
Stre
19 20
et il Stre Lusa
rfa
Al Ta
WOQOD
69
1A
Katara Towers
Marina
Marina District
Staybridge Suites Doha Lusail Katara Hospitality
Doha Sports Park
QIPCO
tar rsity
Ritz-Carlton
Grand Mondrian Hyatt
Legtaifiya Lagoon
Qanat Quartier
Hilton The Pearl
Legtaifiya
Abraj Quartier
4
ag o
g
L
St
iv
66
er
sit
y
St
Chouiefat
Institut Francais du Qatar
Omar A
son
CCQ Boys
rA
sim
St
62
Bi n
ziz
Ab du lA
li S
t
Four Points by Sheraton
National Museum of Qatar
he St Souq Al Cornic Waqif Bin Zaid MME Movenpick
Alwadi
Msheireb
Souq Waqif
Saraya
National Museum
Ras Abu Aboud Stadium 2022
Doha Marriott
Sharq Village & Spa
d St
t
St
e eir sh Mu
Bin Mahmoud
t bS
Mercure Al Safa
d St A b bo u Ras Bu
Premier Inn Capital Al Liwan Police Concorde Jarir Bookstore
t d S
Rawdat Al Khail St
bou
Rd
erc ial A Jee ven ra ue
Ab
ng Rd
Kahramaa Water Project
Airport (49) I/C
B Square Mall
MegaMart
d
B4
Bangladesh
D4
Mauritania
Belarus
B3
Mexico
C4
Belgium
C3
Moldova
B4
C4
A
C4
C3
Morocco
C4
Bosnia & H
B3
Nepal
E3
Brazil
B3
Netherlands
C4
Brunei
B3
Niger
Bulgaria
B3
Nigeria
C4
Burkina Faso
B3
Oman
B4
Canada
C4
Pakistan
C4
C3
B3
Palestine
C4
Chile
C4
Panama
B4
China
B3
Paraguay
B3
C3
Peru
Croatia
C4
Philippines
B3
Cuba
B3
Poland
B4
Cyprus
C4
Portugal
Djibouti
B4
Romania
C4
Dom. Rep.
B3
Russia
B4
Ecuador
B4
Senegal
C3
C3
C4
B4
Serbia
B3
Eritrea
E4
Singapore
B4
eSwatini
B4
Somalia
Ethiopia
B3
South Africa
B3
France
C4
Spain
B4
Gambia
E4
Sri Lanka
E4
Georgia
C4
Sudan
Germany
C3
Sweden
C4
Ghana
B3
Switzerland
B3
Greece
B4
Syria
C4
Hungary
B3
Tajikistan
C3
India
C4
Tanzania
C4
Indonesia
D3
Thailand
Iran
C4
Tunisia
C4
Iraq
C4
Turkey
B4
Italy
C4
Uganda
B3
Ivory Coast
B4
Ukraine
B3
Japan
B4
United Kingdom
C4
Jordan
C4
United States
Kazakhstan
B3
of America
Kenya
B3
Uruguay
C3
Korea (S)
B4
Venezuela
B4
Kosovo
C4
Vietnam
B3
B
C4
C4
C4
C
C3
GR
Al Jasra Al Bidda Mohd Bin Jasim Mushaireb Barahat Al Jufairi Old Al Ghanim Al Souq Wadi Al Sail Arumaila, Armeilla Al Bidda Abdul Aziz Al Doha Al Jadeeda Old Al Ghanim Sharg Zone/ Al Hitmi/Al Rufaa Sharg Zone/Slata Doha Port Wadi Al Sail Al Rumeila, Armeilla Bin Mahmoud Bin Mahmoud Rawdat Al Khail Al Mansoura/ Bin Derhem Najma Umm Ghuwailina
28 Sharg Zone/ Al Khulaifat 29 Ras Bu Abboud 30 Duhail 31 Umm Lekhba 32 Madinat Khalifa (N) 33 Al Markhiya 34 Madinat Khalifa (S) 35 Kulaib 36 Al Messila 37 New Al Hitmi/ Bin Omran Hamad Medical City 38 Al Sadd 39 Al Nasr/Al Sadd Al Mirqab Al Jadeed 40 New Slata 41 Nuaija 42 Al Hilal 43 Al Maamoura, Nuaija 44 Nuaija 45 Old Airport 46 Mesaimeer/ Al Thumama 47 Al Thumama 48 Doha Int'l Airport 49 Hamad Int'l Airport/ Banana Island
51 Al Gharrafa/ Bani Hajer 52 Al Luqta/Lebday Old Al Rayyan/ Al Shaqab 53 New Al Rayyan Muaither, Al Wajba 54 Al Soudan, Mehairja, Muraikh, Luaib, Baaya 55 Al Soudan, Al Waab 56 Bu Hamour, Mesaimeer, Ain Khaled 57 Industrial Area 60 Al Dafna 61 Al Dafna, Al Gassar 62 Lekhwair 63 Onaiza 64 Lejbailat 65 Onaiza 66 Legtaifiya, Onaiza 67 Hazm Al Markhiya 68 Jelaiah, Al Tarfa 69 Al Egla 70 Wadi Al Banat, Al Ebb Rawdat Al Hamama
D
49
Legend
Ras Bu Fontas
Barwa Village
R ing
Birla
Free Zone
kra
om m
C4
Mali
St
Wa
aC
Malaysia
B4
bb
uA
sB
Ra
F Ri
d ou
Al
rw
Bu
ri St
Ansa
Ba
Ras
ub Al
ng Rd
F Ri
Al Meera
Air Force I/C
St
Najma
Barwa City
Lulu Hypermarket
C4
Azerbaijan
Hotel
Hospital
Mosque
Shopping Mall
Bookstore
Religious Complex
Cultural Landmarks
Sports Stadium
Petrol Station
Government Office
School, College, Club
Veterinary Clinic
Housing Complex
Club
Sub-station
Auto Dealer
Restaurant
Non-stop Expressway
Health Centre
Road Interchange
New Interchange
E
Umm Besher I/C
Sub-station
Sub-station
Ayyo
Rd
St
Pak Shama
26 27
Abu
New I/C
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Rd
47
daill
Al Fa
Masaken Mesaimeer
Religious Complex
rt
Ansar Gallery Nissan
46
t
Um h Al Weteyyat I/C m Al A Le kh h m a d C orridor ba I/C – H amad Int’l Airport
Kahramaa Awareness Park
Kings College
aS
In
Sub-station
Thumama 2022
Drainage Dept
B
A
HIA T1
Airport Traffic Supreme American Division Education Academy Council
jm
Medical Commission
Concourse C
Nafie St
Na
Rd
Sa ba
ue a afw
Ras Abu Funtas Power Station
St
Al Wakra
Newton British Academy
Bu Ras
Funtas St Celebration Hall
Newton Int’l Academy
Soud Bin Abdulrahman Street
pr Ex ay
sw
es
Al Wukair
a
Al Wukair I/C
4
Ezdan 3
Najm a Stre
Al Wakra Sports Club
Vision International
Doha British Al Meera
Al Janoub Stadium 2022
Public Beach
Souq Al Wakra Hotel
Souq Al Wakra Ezdan Mall
d
r Roa
ukai
Al W
Al Wakra Hospital
Al Wakra
Mesaieed Road Hamad Port
Al Jabal St
Souq Al Wakra
Park
eed Road
ha
Do
Ezdan 10
et
Noble International School
GEMS Grand American Hypermarket Academy Ezdan 7 Pharmacy Ezdan 8
n from
Ezdan 5
nsio
Ezdan 4 Ezdan 6
Rd
Al Meshaf I/C
akra Al W
/
Exte
eer ery
a
Mesaimeer I/C
Safari Mind Institute
lA
Oryx Airport Hotel
Oqba Ibn Nafie
Shoprite
E
D
48
po
d
Zaks Uniform Store Ideal Indian
Qatar Ind Tech QDC
Berlitz
ria
st
du
Oqba Bin
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 14 15 16 17
Hamad International Airport
Airport
E Ring
E Ring Rd
re
Doha Mall Al Jazeera Academy
45
Montezine
t aS
rR ee aim
desh
44
The Mall IAID
Qatar Red Crescent
Tank Farm
Immigration
Park House
Al Ahli Sports Club
jm
s Me
Summit KG
Elder Tree Nursery
Na
43
Doha Academy Girls Al Ma Creativity ad Centre ee Egyptian dS Qatar t Language Skills Academy TEK Cambridge Indian Alfardan Girls Cultural Gardens 3 MES Centre Doha Modern Mesaimeer Indian Mesaimeer Services
LuLu
Regency Kahramaa Halls
Air
Newton Int’l
Little Academy
2526 Najma St
y
wa
ss
pre
Ex
D Ring Rd
German School Doha
Pak Education Centre
Austria
Full details of Qatar’s districts and zones on gisqatar.org.qa
Ras Bu Abboud
Abu Baqr
Al Doha Al Jadeda
41 42
40
Ha
56
B3
Macedonia
(zones comprise one or more districts, some of which are listed below)
C Ring Rd
ha
24
lo
C4
Libya
C4
THE ZONES OF DOHA
Me s a i
St
Amiri Diwan
Grand Hamad
Jawaan
St
16 23 14 15 27
La Cigale
39
Do
5
Liberia
B3
Australia
Banana Island by Anantara
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Qatar Sports Club
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Arabian Dhows All Rights Reserved. 06.2020 No part of this map may be reproduced or copied without the written permission of the publishers marhaba.qa
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Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals Update PWC's quarterly 'Qatar Economy Watch' stated 'The most important economic development in many years was the surprise announcement by Qatar Petroleum in November that new appraisals had extended estimates of both the geographic scope and volume of North Field.'
Global and Local Overview The 69th annual edition of the bp Statistical Review of World Energy (bp Stats Review) was issued in June 2020 and highlights global energy trends prior to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Key findings from this year’s edition shows that growth in primary energy consumption was 1.3% in 2019, less than half the rate of growth the previous year (2.8%), while carbon emissions from energy use grew by 0.5%. Renewables accounted for more than 40% of the global growth in primary energy last year, more than any other fuel. Natural gas consumption increased by 2%, below that of 2018; its share of primary energy hit a record high of 24.2%. Natural gas production rose by 3.4%, due to a record increase in liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports. Oil consumption grew by 0.9 mn barrels per day (bpd), and demand for liquid fuels, including biofuels, was 100 mn bpd. Coal was at its lowest level in 16 years (27%), but was still the single largest source of energy for power generation, at over 36%. Oil prices fell in late July after The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and other producers including Russia reached an agreement to ease record supply curbs from Augus. However, the drop was cushioned by global economic activities picking up. OPEC and its allies, referred to as OPEC+, have agreed to scale back oil production cuts from August. They will reduce their cuts to 7.7 mn barrels per day (bpd) through until December, from the record 9.7 mn bpd supply cuts that have been in place since May – this was done to bolster oil prices that have suffered since the onset of the coronavirus pandemic. According to PwC, the long-term outlook for Qatar’s second gas boom is the same despite the eventual economic impact of COVID-19, for both the energy market and the country’s non-hydrocarbons economy – in fact, the current crisis may work to Qatar’s advantage as competitors, such as the US, delay or cancel major LNG investments.
The field, previously thought to be offshore only, is now found to extend at least 10 miles onshore. The reserves have increased to 1,760 tn cubic feet of gas and 70 bn barrels of condensates, a doubling of gas reserves and more than a tripling in oil. Due to these larger reserves, QP has increased its plans for the North Field Expansion project by 50% to six new LNG trains. These will add 49 mn tonnes per annum (tpa) of capacity, about a 64% increase on the current capacity of 77 mn tpa. This is the fourth time the project has been upsized since lifting the 12 year moratorium on new projects in 2017. Oil producers are still having to contend with the shift in consumer habits and greener fuel solutions though. As such, partners were chosen earlier this year to build Kahramaa's Siraj-1 solar power plant project, Qatar's first solar plant and the first to produce electricity using photovoltaic technology with a capacity of 800MW.
News From Qatar: Oil Qatar Petroleum (QP) received the 'New Venturer of the Year Award' in July as part of the Wood Mackenzie Exploration Awards 2020, in recognition of its outstanding and growing international exploration presence around the globe. QP is the first national oil company to win this award, beating such energy giants as ExxonMobil (winner in 2018), Total (winner in 2019), ENI, BP, PTT Exploration and Production, and Petronas. QP entered into a farm-in agreement with Total in May to acquire a 45% participating interest in blocks CI-705 and CI-706 in the Ivorian-Tano basin, offshore the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire. The two blocks cover approximately 3,200 sq km, with hydrocarbon prospects in water depths ranging from 1,000 m to 2,000 m, 35 km from the shore and about 100 km from the nearby Foxtrot, Espoir and Baobab fields. Also in May, QP entered into three farm-in agreements to acquire about 30% of Total's participating interest in blocks 15, 33 and 34 in the Campeche basin, offshore Mexico. The three offshore blocks are situated in the Campeche basin and 30 to 90 km of the giant Cantarell and KMZ oil fields. The area covered by the blocks is approximately 2,300 sq km, with water depths ranging from about 10 m to 1,100 m. ©
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As part of its ongoing strategy to strengthen its global competitive position in the downstream sector, QP will integrate Qatar Chemical and Petrochemical Marketing and Distribution Company (Muntajat) into QP. During integration, Muntajat will continue to deliver its commitments and contractual obligations to its global customers without interruption.
News From Qatar: Gas Qatar kept its position as the world's largest LNG exporter in 2019, according to the 2020 World LNG Report, with huge investment in expanding production and shipping capabilities. In June, QP announced the signing of the biggest LNG shipbuilding agreement in history, for more than 100 ships valued at over QAR70 bn, as part of its LNG growth plans. Agreements are with South Korean companies Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co, Hyundai Heavy Industries Co and Samsung Heavy Industries Co. By expanding LNG shipping capabilities, alongside the well-established production and liquefaction facilities, the country is building an efficient and resilient LNG supply chain. These agreements, along with that signed in April with Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group, a subsidiary of China State Shipbuilding Corporation Limited, sees QP securing approximately 60% of the global LNG shipbuilding capacity through to 2027, vital for their LNG carrier fleet requirements during the next seven to eight years. Qatargas delivered the first cargo of LNG on the Q-Flex vessel 'Al Gharrafa' to the ENN Zhoushan LNG receiving terminal in China. This is the first cargo discharge operation by Qatargas to Zhoushan LNG terminal involving a Q-Flex LNG carrier. Qatargas is successfully using LNG boil-off gas to power its chartered conventional LNG vessels during unloading operations at Japanese LNG terminals.
The LNG vessel ‘Al Jasra’ had successfully conducted the first such operation while discharging at the Niigata LNG Terminal in October 2019. LNG tankers carry natural gas in liquid form at –163°C, close to the vaporisation temperature. This natural evaporation is known as boil-off and has to be removed from the tanks to maintain the cargo tank pressure. Using this boil-off natural gas instead of conventional fuel oil allows Qatargas to reduce harmful emissions during the discharge operation. Qatargas received the Crystal Award for supporting Qatarisation in the ‘Training & Development’ category. For the last 12 years, companies showing excellent work in advancing the goals of Qatarization have been honoured under the Energy Sector Annual Qatarisation Awards. Qatargas develops nationals through effective and efficient development plans for graduates, national employees on establishment, and nationals in talent pools. The candidates are monitored and followed-up on their individual development and provided counselling, as well as supported with best practice learning interventions to close any competence gaps and prepare them for future roles as part of the company’s succession planning.
News From Qatar: Petrochemical QP has entered into a binding agreement to acquire Yara’s 25% stake in Qatar Fertiliser Company (Qafco), marking the end of a successful, long-standing partnership. The transaction sees the parties agreeing on a purchase price of USD1 bn for Yara’s share in Qafco, conditional upon customary regulatory and closing conditions. Qafco is now one of the world’s largest single-site urea producers, since its set up as a joint venture company in 1969. m
Dutch geo-data specialist company Fugro has completed the first phase of their offshore site investigation for Qatargas' North Field Production Sustainability’s Compression Phase. The North Field is the largest nonassociated gas field in the world, 80 km off the north coast of Qatar. Fieldwork began in March and phase two's geotechnical scope will run until August this year by teams from Fugro’s vessels 'Proteus' and 'Adventurer'. The final deliverables involving a bathymetric and geophysical survey and a geotechnical appraisal of the soils will be used to optimise jacket platform pile foundation design, and pipeline and cable-route engineering.
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FEATURE
The Gas Industry Explained By Sarah Palmer Qatar is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of natural gas – we explain the different types of gas the country produces.
Ras Laffan Industrial City
Qatar is one of the world's major producers of natural gas, a worldwide liquefied natural gas (LNG) giant, with the State sitting on huge reserves. Domestic companies such as Qatar Petroleum (QP) are all involved in the natural gas industry, alongside a number of foreign investors (see Company Activities in this section). According to BP's Statistical Review of World Energy 2020 report, Qatar has the third largest natural gas reserves, behind Russia and Iran, with 24.7 tn cubic meters (tcm). The report states that global proved gas reserves are sufficient to meet 50.9 years of global production at 2019 levels. QP started the development drilling campaign for the offshore North Field East (NFE) project in April, previously known as the North Field Expansion Project. This phase of the NFE project will increase the Qatar’s LNG production capacity from 77 million tons per annum (Mtpa) to 110 Mtpa; the second phase, the North Field South Project (NFS), will increase production to 126 Mtpa. Some residents and visitors to Qatar may find the unique vocabulary used in the oil, gas and petrochemical industry – or, as it is more commonly known, 'OGP' – hard to grasp. Here are some easy to digest facts about the main areas of the gas sector:
GTL: Gas‑to‑liquids When natural gas is extracted from offshore reservoirs and brought up to the production station (platform), it is subjected to a process that separates the oil particles (condensates -- light hydrocarbons including butane and propane) and water, which form a small percentage of the gas stream. The balance – pure, natural gas – is then fed via subsea pipelines to Ras Laffan Industral City (RLC). QATAR OIL, GAS AND PETROCHEMICAL E-GUIDE ©
This natural gas can then be processed into liquefied natural gas (LNG), as it is easy to transport, or routed to an alternative processing plant to be converted into other materials: diesel, lubricants, waxes and naphtha (a flammable oil containing various hydrocarbons). These are used to manufacture such things as talcum powder and liquid detergent. Qatar's ORYX GTL project in Ras Laffan employs the Fischer-Tropsch technology, which uses reactors and special catalysts in the conversion of synthesis gas into high‑quality products via a three–stage process: • Reforming of natural gas: methane reactors with oxygen over a catalyst to form a synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. • Conversion of syngas using the FischerTropsch technology: the most important step of the process, where a broad range of hydrocarbon streams are generated. Gas goes through special reactors and generates liquid hydrocarbons (condensate and syncrude). • Product upgrade: using isocracking technology, the syncrude is converted into diesel, naphtha and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
LNG: Liquefied Natural Gas Production companies search for evidence of oil and gas reservoirs, often found deep inside the earth, using sophisticated technology and drill wells in locations where it is likely to be found. When the gas comes ashore from the gas fields (in Qatar this is the huge North Field), it is cleaned of impurities, such as hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide and water. Condensates are removed, then processed and sold separately.
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The purified gas then enters a refrigeration unit that reduces its temperature and shrinks its volume by a factor of 600; in other words, 600 cubic feet of natural gas becomes one cubic foot of LNG, enough to generate about 100 kilowatts per hour of electricity. An average load of 4.7 mn cubic feet of LNG is usually carried by each tanker – enough to generate 482 mn kw/h of electricity or to power approximately 34,000 homes for a year. Facilities used to convert natural gas to liquid are called trains – this is because of the sequential arrangement of the equipment required to process the gas. Huge tanks store the LNG until it is loaded through a pipeline into tanks aboard LNG ships. Tanks and pipes are completely and efficiently insulated to keep the liquefied gas cold. LNG must be maintained at below –82°C to remain a liquid. However, the insulated tanks and pipes are not enough to keep the temperature of LNG sufficiently low. Autorefrigeration is therefore used to help keep the liquefied gas at a constant temperature by maintaining it at its boiling point. LNG is stored as a boiling cryogen, a substance used to produce very low temperatures, with a boiling point at around –84°C. Stored LNG is similar to boiling water, albeit much colder! The temperature of boiling water (100°C) does not change, even with increased heat, as it is cooled by evaporation (steam generation). In much the same way, LNG will stay at near constant temperature if kept at constant pressure. As long as the steam (LNG vapour boil-off) is allowed to leave the tank, the temperature remains constant. When an LNG ship reaches the customer’s port, the liquefied gas is offloaded into insulated storage tanks and then processed through a regasification terminal that puts heat back into, and vaporises, the liquid. The gas is then transported as conventional pipeline gas.
LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPG is refined from oil and natural gas the same way petrol is refined from crude oil. While LPGs may not be the primary activity of most energy companies, they are produced nonetheless because they are a byproduct of the refining process for other fuels. When natural gas is drawn from the ground, about 90% of it is methane. The rest is in the form of various LPGs, which is separated from the methane before the methane is fed into pipelines for use in our homes. The amount of LPG that comes from natural gas varies, but it is usually from 1 to 3%, and mainly comprises propane or butane. It can be used to run vehicles such as lorries and buses, and for domestic cooking and heating. It is one of the most common alternative fuels used in the world today. Propane and butane can be stored in liquid form with only moderate pressurisation; isobutane, which has the same simple chemical formula as butane but a different chemical structure, is also used. Usually, butane and isobutane are mixed with propane in various proportions, depending on the intended use of the fuel. Propane is useful as a portable fuel (for example, when camping) because its boiling point is –42°C, meaning that even at very low temperatures, it will vaporise as soon as it is released from its pressurised container. This results in a clean‑burning fuel that doesn't require much equipment to vaporise it and mix it with air. Butane's boiling point is approximately 0.5°C, so will not vaporise in very cold temperatures. It therefore has more limited uses and is mixed with propane instead of being used by itself. CNG: Compressed Natural Gas CNG is a fossil fuel substitute for petrol, diesel or LPG. It is more environmentally friendly as it causes less pollution, and gas‑fuelled vehicles are silent, perfect for densely populated urban areas. The Environmental Protection Agency in the US believes vehicles using CNG reduce carbon monoxide emissions by 90–97%, and CO2 emissions by 25%. CNG is often confused with LNG and LPG: CNG is stored as a gas at high pressure; LNG is stored as an uncompressed liquid, while LPG is compressed.
Qatar's North Field
CNG is lighter than air, so will not form a puddle like petrol or diesel. Any leaks will simply evaporate. Nor does CNG not have any noticeable smell; a distinctively noxious odorant (think of rotten eggs) is deliberately added as an alert to a leakage. m
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FEATURE
OGP 101 By Sarah Palmer At some point in Qatar you will strike up conversation with someone working in the oil and gas sector. So that you know your upstream from your midstream and downstream, here is our handy guide to popular terminology.
Associated gas: natural gas found as part of, or in conjunction with, other oil constituents. Barrels: a unit of measure for petroleum products, one barrel is 159 litres. Barrels per calendar day (b/cd): the total number of barrels processed in a refinery within a year, divided by 365 days. Barrels per stream day (b/sd): the number of barrels that a refining facility can process within 24 hours, operating at full capacity under optimal conditions. Blow-down: when condensate and gas is produced simultaneously from the outset of production. Blow-out: when well pressure exceeds the ability of the wellhead valves to control it. Oil and gas 'blow wild' at the surface. Composite barrel: a consumption weighted average of retail prices (including taxes) of the main groups of refined petroleum products. Condensates: hydrocarbons which are in the gaseous state under reservoir conditions and which become liquid when temperature or pressure is reduced. A mixture of pentanes and higher hydrocarbons. Cracking: a process in which large hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller and more useful ones. Crude oil: a naturally occurring, unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits. Crude oil can be refined to produce usable products such as gasoline, diesel and various forms of petrochemicals. Derrick: the tower‑like structure housing most of the drilling controls. It is used around oil wells and other drilled holes, and is a complex set of machines specifically designed for optimum efficiency, safety and low cost.
Distillates: a liquid product condensed from vapor during distillation. Includes products similar to heating oils and diesel fuels. Downstream: the refining of petroleum crude oil and the processing and purifying of raw natural gas, as well as the marketing and distribution of products derived from crude oil and natural gas. Dry hole: a well found to be incapable of producing either oil or gas in sufficient quantities to justify completion as an oil or gas well. Feedstock: a basic material used to produce goods, finished products, energy, or intermediate materials which are feedstock for future finished products in the fuel, plastic, industrial chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Field: an area of land used to extract petroleum or gas. Qatar's proven reserves in the North Field, which it shares with Iran, have increased to 1,760 tn cubic feet (50 tn cubic metres). Fracking: slang for hydraulic fracturing, creating fractures in rocks and rock formations by injecting fluid into cracks to force them further open. Fractures can also exist naturally in formations, and both natural and man‑made fractures can be widened by fracking. As a result, more oil and gas can be extracted from a given area of land. Gasoline: a mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons, with or without small quantities of additives, that have been blended to form a fuel suitable for use in internal combustion engines; includes gasoline used in aviation. Gross production: the total flow of natural gas from oil and gas reservoirs of associated‑dissolved and non‑associated gas. ©
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Kerosene: medium hydrocarbon distillates in the 150° to 280°C distillation range and used as a heating fuel as well as for certain types of internal combustion engines and includes jet fuel for aircraft turbine engines. Midstream: involves the transportation (by pipeline, rail, barge, oil tanker or truck), storage, and wholesale marketing of crude or refined petroleum products. Natural gas: a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds and small quantities of various non‑hydrocarbons existing in the gaseous phase or in solution with oil in natural underground reservoirs. Natural gas liquids (NGLs): reservoir gases liquefied at the surface in lease separators (which separate the well stream volume into parts defined by temperature and pressure conditions), field facilities or gas processing plants. NGLs consist of field condensates and natural gas plant products such as ethane, pentane, propane, butane and natural gasoline. Non‑associated gas: produced from gas fields which do not produce any crude oil. OPEC: The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a permanent, intergovernmental organisation, created at the Baghdad Conference in September 1960 by five Founder Members: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Qatar joined in 1961 and ended membership in January 2019. P&A (plugged and abandoned): a depleted well or dry hole that has been filled with cement and with all surface equipment removed.
Reservoir: an underground formation where oil and gas has accumulated. It consists of a porous rock to hold the oil or gas, and a cap rock that prevents its escape. Residual fuel oil: a low-value petroleum product, a heavy oil grade by-product that remains after distillate fuel oils and lighter hyddrocarbons are used as a fuel in furnaces for power plants and industrial boilers, and also for ships, where it is known as bunker fuel. Rig: a derrick with engine‑house and other equipment necessary for drilling oil and gas wells. Roughnecks: drill crew members who work on the derrick floor, screwing together the sections of drillpipe when running or pulling a drillstring. Shrinkage: volume shrinkage due to purification and/or extraction of natural gas liquids, gas used as input to gas‑to‑liquid plants, lease separators and any other losses caused by spillage, evaporation, etc. Upstream: also known as the exploration and production (E&P) sector. It includes searching for potential underground or underwater crude oil and natural gas fields, drilling of exploratory wells, and subsequently drilling and operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil and/or raw natural gas to the surface. Well (exploratory and development): a hole drilled for the purpose of finding or producing crude oil or natural gas, or providing services related to the production of crude oil and natural gas. m
Petroleum products: products obtained from processing crude oil, unfinished oils, NGLs and other hydrocarbon compounds. These include aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, jet fuel, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, lubricants, paraffin wax, petroleum coke and asphalt. Proven reserves: reserves which on the available evidence are virtually certain to be technically and economically viable (usually having a better than 90% chance of being produced). Qatar has the third largest natural gas proven reserves. Recoverable reserves: the proportion of the oil and gas in a reservoir that can be removed using currently available techniques. Refinery capacity (operable): the maximum amount of input to crude oil distillation units that can be processed in an average 24 hour period. Re‑injection: the total volume of natural gas produced from oil and gas completions, processed through gas processing plants and field facilities, and used for gas lift, gas injection and cycling operations. QATAR OIL, GAS AND PETROCHEMICAL E-GUIDE ©
The first well - Dukhan No. 1 - - was drilled by Qatar Petroleum Company in October 1938 to a total depth of 5,685 feet at the location which Baker selected. It was completed for 5,000 barrels per day on 8th January 1940.
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FROM THE USA TO YOU
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Company Activities
JUNE 2020
Marhaba compiles these pages either from updates received directly from companies or from the media. While we endeavour to present an accurate picture of the most recent news, it is not always possible to have information verified. Therefore, we do not accept responsibility for any omissions or inaccuracies.
Qatar Petroleum Qatar Petroleum (QP) is an integrated national oil corporation responsible for the sustainable development of Qatar’s oil and gas resources. Its corporate vision is ‘to become one of the best national oil companies in the world, with roots in Qatar, and a strong international presence.’ QP’s activities encompass the entire spectrum of the oil and gas value chain locally, regionally, and internationally, and include the exploration, refining, production, marketing and sales of oil and gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), natural gas liquids (NGL), gas-to-liquids (GTL) products, refined products, petrochemicals, fertilisers, steel and aluminium. QP’s operations are conducted at various onshore locations, including Doha, Dukhan, Mesaieed Industrial City and Ras Laffan Industrial City, as well as at offshore areas, including Halul Island, offshore production stations, drilling platforms, and the North Field. Pantone 346
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Human capital The Human Capital Directorate has the responsibility of catering to QP’s human capital requirements in an ever-changing competitive environment. It provides quality support services to QP’s operations in the areas of human resources and strategic Qatarisation, as well as learning and development. QP is spearheading the energy and industry sector’s Strategic Qatarisation Plan to maximise the employment of Qatari nationals. Health, safety and environment QP is committed to the health and safety of its employees, contractors, visitors and the local communities, and to the protection and conservation of the natural environment. Oil and gas fields and operation areas Onshore oil QP produces crude oil, condensate, natural gas liquids, associated gas, and nonassociated gas from its onshore fields in Dukhan. Located 84 km west of Doha, Dukhan accommodates oil and gas facilities, housing, medical, recreational and educational institutions, and related services. The first shipment of oil from Dukhan was transported on 31 December 1949 through the Mesaieed port terminal. Offshore oil QP produces high-quality crude oil and associated gas from the offshore Idd El Shargi,
Maydan Mahzam, Bul Hanine, and Al Rayyan fields, which began production in 1964, 1965, 1972, and 1996, respectively. Exploration, appraisal and development operations During the last 25 years, QP has signed Exploration and Production Sharing Agreements (EPSA) and Development and Production Sharing Agreements (DPSA) with a number of major international oil and gas companies, including Elf Aquitaine/Total, Anadarko Qatar, Maersk Oil Qatar, Occidental Petroleum Qatar, Qatar Petroleum Development, Talisman Energy Qatar, GDF Suez, China National Offshore Oil Corp (CNOOC) and Qatar Shell. These agreements have boosted Qatar’s oil and gas reserves through new discoveries and the development of existing fields. Some of the fields which were discovered and/or developed through these agreements are Idd El Shargi Dome (North and South), Al Shaheen Field and Al Khaleej Field, as well as Al Karkara and A Structures. North Field The North Field, an area of 6,000 sq km with total recoverable gas of 900 tn standard cubic feet, is considered the largest single non-associated gas reservoir in the world. The utilisation of this field’s massive reserves has become a primary national goal to continue the development and prosperity of the country. Halul Island Halul Island is a storage and exportation centre for Qatar’s marine crude oil. The island, which has an area of 1.5 sq km, lies approximately 96 km to the northeast of Doha. It has 11 large crude oil storage tanks with a total capacity of 5 mn barrels. The island also has pumping facilities, power generators, desalination plants, a heliport and a harbour suitable for supply boats that support operations. It is also fully equipped with community facilities for almost 1,000 QP staff and contractors. Refined products QP Refinery The QP Refinery started as a small topping plant in 1958 and has grown over the years into a giant refinery organisation. It has successfully made the State of Qatar selfsufficient and export-oriented in refined oil and petroleum products, with its designed capacity of 137,000 barrels per day (bpd) of refined products for domestic use as well as for export. Laffan Refinery Laffan Refinery is a joint venture with international majors and is one of the largest condensate refineries in the world. It started production in late 2009 and is operated ©
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by Qatargas Operating Company Limited (Qatargas). The 146,000 bpd refinery processes field condensate from Qatargas and Al Khaleej Gas to produce naphtha, jet fuel, gas oil and LPG. A second condensate refinery, called the Laffan Refinery 2 (LR2), started operations in December 2016 and added another 146,000 bpd of processing capacity, thus doubling Qatar’s refining capacity. LR2 produces low sulfur Euro-V specifications products such as naphtha, Jet A-1, ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD), propane and butane for local and international markets. Natural gas liquids (NGL) There are four NGL plants in Mesaieed Industrial City producing propane, butane and condensate, which are mainly intended for export. Ongoing projects Barzan Gas Project The Barzan Gas Project will develop approximately 1.9 bn cfpd of North Field wellhead gas, and produce 1.4 bn cfpd of sales gas for the domestic market (power generation) in addition to associated condensate ethane, LPG and sulphur. Bul Hanine Redevelopment QP is investing in the redevelopment of the existing Bul Hanine offshore oil field, which is located about 120 km to the east of the Qatari coastline. The project is one of the largest to be managed and executed by QP. It is designed to prolong the field’s life by countering its production decline and doubling its current oil production rate. New Petrochemical Complex QP has announced the selection of Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC as its partner in a new Petrochemicals Complex, which will be developed and constructed in Ras Laffan Industrial City. The new complex will have an ethane cracker with a nameplate capacity of 1.9 mn tons of ethylene per annum, making it the largest ethane cracker in the Middle East and one of the largest in the world. It will also include two high-density polyethylene derivative units, which will raise Qatar’s current polyethylene production capacity by 82% by the fourth quarter of 2025. North Field Expansion Project This is a project to develop additional gas from the North Field and to build four new LNG trains to raise Qatar’s LNG production capacity from 77 mn tons per annum to 110 MTPA. In addition to LNG, the new project will also produce about 4,000 tons per day of ethane, 260,000 bpd of condensate, 11,000 tons per day of LPG, and approximately 20 tons per day of pure helium.
QP Industrial Cities QP’s Industrial Cities Directorate has the overall QATAR OIL, GAS AND PETROCHEMICAL E-GUIDE ©
mandated responsibility for Ras Laffan Industrial City, Mesaieed Industrial City and the Dukhan Concession Area. It is responsible for developing and providing land, infrastructure, facilities and services required by the industries operating in those areas, which altogether play a pivotal role in enhancing diversification, industrialisation, and the extraction of the highest economic value from Qatar’s oil and gas resources. Guided by Qatar National Vision 2030 and in compliance with corporate, state, and international governance, QP Industrial Cities is committed to: • Contributing to the sustainable social and economic development of Qatar. • Achieving the highest level of health, safety, security, environmental protection and socioeconomic sustainability. • Protecting the interests of the State, Qatar Petroleum and business partners. • Operating highly reliable facilities and providing responsive services to business partners. • Developing, optimising and sustaining worldclass infrastructure and facilities. • Developing local talent and acting as a leader in corporate citizenship. • Directing the development, regulations and operations of Mesaieed Port and Ras Laffan Port. • Acting as the Municipal Authority in the responsible areas as granted by the laws of the State of Qatar. Ras Laffan Industrial City (RLIC) Ras Laffan Industrial City (RLIC) is situated 80 km from Doha along the northeast coast of Qatar, and is one of the fastest-growing industrial cities in the world. It is the main base for the exploitation and development of Qatar’s vast resources from the North Field, which is the world’s largest single non-associated gas reservoir. Since its establishment in 1996, RLIC has evolved into a world-class industrial city, facilitating the needs of the most technologically sophisticated natural gas-based industries. Major industries operating in RLIC RLIC provides state-of-the-art infrastructure, facilities and services to major ventures of the oil and gas industry and supporting projects, which are all set to achieve the planned production capacity of 25 bn cubic feet of gas per day. These include: • Qatargas, the largest producer of LNG in the world. • Pearl GTL and Oryx GTL, major producers of GTL. • Al Khaleej Gas – lean natural gas for the Qatar market.
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• Dolphin Energy Limited – lean natural gas for export by pipeline to the GCC. • Laffan Refinery 1 & 2 – refined petroleum products. • Ras Laffan Olefins Company – ethylene for petrochemical products. • Ras Laffan Helium – the world’s largest producer of helium. • Qatar Power, Ras Girtas Power and Ras Laffan Power – power for Qatar and for export to the GCC market. • Erhama Bin Jaber Al Jalahma Shipyard – shipbuilding, repair and maintenance services. Mesaieed Industrial City (MIC) Located 40 km south of Doha, Mesaieed Industrial City (MIC) is the hub for petrochemicals, chemical fertilisers, oil refining and metallurgical industries in Qatar. MIC also hosts numerous small and medium-sized industries as well as a well-planned, self-contained, sustainable, modern township with fully-serviced infrastructure providing a high quality of life for its residents. Major industries operating in MIC A wide range of products is produced in MIC. These include natural gas liquids, petrochemicals, plastic resins, refined petroleum products, aluminium and steel, which are supplied to local, regional and international markets. The major industries operating in MIC include the following: • QP’s Mesaieed Operations manages the onshore processing, distribution and export of products derived from non-associated gas. • QP Refinery processes crude oil and condensate into a variety of finished products including naphtha, gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and fuel oil. • Qatar Petrochemical Company (QAPCO) is one of the leading producers of ethylene and lowdensity polyethylene (LDPE) in the Middle East region. • Qatar Fertiliser Company (QAFCO) is a leading, world-class fertiliser producer and is the world’s largest single-site producer of ammonia and urea. • Qatar Chemical Company (QChem) is a worldclass integrated petrochemical plant producing high and medium-density polyethylene and other products. • Qatar Steel is a regional leader in the steel industry. • Qatar Aluminium Company (Qatalum) is a fully integrated aluminium plant that produces highquality primary aluminium products. • Qatar Vinyl Company (QVC) produces high-quality vinyl products. • Qatar Fuel Additives Company (QAFAC) produces methanol and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE).
Dukhan Concession Area Dukhan is located 80 km west of Doha and produces about 180,000 bpd of oil. It covers an area approximately 80 km by 8 km with oil production facilities, associated and nonassociated gas facilities and NGL production. In addition to industrial plants, infrastructure and assets, Dukhan is home to 12,000 residents living in a community encompassing schools, medical facilities, extensive leisure facilities and all the amenities expected of a bustling community. The main products conditioned for export from the Dukhan fields are crude oil, condensate, natural gas liquids (NGL), and stripped associated gas (SAG). These products are delivered to various internal and external customers. • Crude oil is exported through the terminal operations department at Mesaieed and also supplied to the QP Refinery. • Condensates are sent to the QP Refinery in Mesaieed. • Arab D NGL is supplied to NGL4 at Mesaieed. • NGL is delivered to NGL1 and NGL2 in Mesaieed. • SAG is supplied to QNCC, QAPCO and QAFCO via QP’s Gas Distribution System. qp.com.qa
Qatargas Qatargas is a unique global energy operator in terms of size, service and reliability. The company operates 14 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) trains with a total annual production capacity of 77 mn tonnes. This makes Qatargas the largest LNG producer in the world. Since the first production in 1996, Qatargas has successfully delivered cargos to 31 countries and is committed to meeting the world’s demand for safe, reliable and clean energy. Established in 1984, Qatargas develops, produces, and markets hydrocarbons from the world’s largest non-associated natural gas field. In addition to producing LNG, Qatargas is also a leading exporter of natural gas, helium, condensate and associated products. Apart from the LNG facilities, Qatargas also operates the Jetty Boil-Off Gas facility, Al Khaleej Gas, Ras Laffan Helium, the two Laffan Refineries (among the largest condensate refineries in the world), and the Ras Laffan Terminal on behalf of all participants. Today, Qatargas continues to set the benchmark in the LNG industry as it safely and reliably ©
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supplies energy to customers all over the world. qatargas.com
Qatar Fertiliser Company QAFCO’s inception in 1969 as a joint venture company to produce chemical fertilisers was the first and a significant step in Qatar’s industrial diversification programme to utilise its abundant natural gas resources. QAFCO is now owned by Industries Qatar (IQ) (75%) and Yara Nederland BV (25%). The majority of IQ shares are owned by Qatar Petroleum (QP), making QP the ultimate parent of the company. QAFCO inaugurated its first plant in 1973. Today the QAFCO complex comprises six ammonia and six urea completely integrated trains, a melamine plant and two urea formaldehyde plants. QAFCO is now the world’s largest single-site producer of ammonia and urea, with an annual production capacity of 3.8 mn metric tonnes (MT) of ammonia and 5.6 mn MT of urea, enabling Qatar to be the largest exporter of urea in the world. Currently, QAFCO exports ammonia and urea via Muntajat Company to more than 45 nations across the globe, with its primary consumers being in South East Asia, North America, Australasia and Southern Africa. UFC85 Plant As well as boosting its fertiliser production QAFCO also has two urea formaldehyde plants producing 60,000 mtpa of UFC85, the anti caking agent vital to urea production. The urea formaldehyde plant is owned by Gulf Formaldehyde Company, a joint venture between QAFCO (70%), Qatar Industrial Manufacturing Company (20%), and United Development Company (10%). Qatar Melamine Plant The largest melamine plant in the Middle East and one of the largest in the world, with a production capacity of 60,000 mtpa. The melamine project is owned by QAFCO (60%) and QP (40%). qafco.com
Qatar Petrochemical Company Qatar Petrochemical Company (QAPCO) QPJSC was established in 1974. It is a joint venture between Industries Qatar (80%) and Total Petrochemicals France (20%). QAPCO is a pioneer in petrochemical production and one of the largest manufacturers of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in the region. QAPCO is involved in joint ventures that include Qatar Vinyl Company (QVC) QPJSC, Qatofin QATAR OIL, GAS AND PETROCHEMICAL E-GUIDE ©
Company Limited QPJSC, and Qatar Plastic Products Company (QPPC), making QAPCO a regional petrochemical powerhouse. QAPCO main facilities consist of an ethylene plant (cracker) with a production capacity of up to 830,000 MTPA, three LDPE plants with a total combined production capacity of over 795,000 MTPA, and a sulfur plant with a production capacity of up to 70,000 MTPA. As by-products, the ethylene plant produces liquid petroleum gases (LPG) with an annual capacity of up to 55,000 MTA and hydrogenated pyrolysis gasoline with a capacity of up to 45,000 MTA. Joint Ventures Qatofin Company Limited QPJSC Qatofin was established in 2005 and is a joint venture between QAPCO (63%), Total Petrochemicals France (36%) and QP (1%). Qatofin produces linear lowdensity polyethylene (LLDPE), mainly for export, and has a production capacity of more than 570 kilotonnes per annum (ktpa). Qatar Vinyl Company (QVC) Established in 1997 as a limited Qatari shareholding company, with QAPCO fully operating QVC plants from 2017. Shareholders are Mesaieed Petrochemical Holding Company (55%), QAPCO (31%) and QP (12.9%). Ras Laffan Olefins Company (RLOC) RLOC is a joint venture between Q-Chem ll (53.31%), Qatofin (45.69%) and QP (1%). It owns a cracker that supplies Mesaieed LLDPE unit with ethylene feedstock and is managed and operated by Q-Chem ll. Qatar Plastics Products Company See entry below. qapco.com
Qatar Plastic Products Company Qatar Plastic & Wooden Products Company (QPPC) was established in 1998 and commercial production commenced in 2000. Around 90% of production is sold to the domestic market while the remainder is marketed in other Gulf countries and Europe. The production facility is located at Mesaieed Industrial City. The company is owned by two shareholders: Qatar Petrochemical Co (QAPCO), Qatar Industrial Manufacturing Co (QIMC). QPPC produces plastic film for industrial packaging using the blow extrusion process, with products manufactured from different kinds of polymer to satisfy customer requirements. Printing is done using Flexographic printing lines in up to six colours for excellent quality. Every delivery has a product analysis certificate detailing the composition, dimension and mechanical properties.
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The company produces form, fill and seal film, shrinkable film and hood, construction foil (polythene sheet and sleeve), greenhouse and agricultural film, general purpose film, heavy duty trash bags, and wood-plastic composite (WPC). Qatar Wooden Products Co commenced commercial production in 2013. The fully automatic wooden pallet production line and heat treatment facility is able to produce 1.6 mn wooden pallets a year, QWPC was launched to produce high-quality wooden pallets, mainly to meet the needs of QAPCO, QATOFIN and other petrochemical companies. qppc.net
Qatar Fuel Additives Company Qatar Fuel Additives Company Limited (QAFAC) was established as a Qatari joint stock company to build, own and operate facilities at Mesaieed Industrial City for the production of methanol and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Since the 1960s methanol has been produced from petroleum, naphtha and natural gas, and is a clear, colourless, flammable liquid with a characteristic odour. It is a clean energy source and a raw material for many everyday items. Within the petrochemical industry, it is used as a raw material for manufacturing solvents, formaldehyde, methyl halide, methyl amine, acetic acid, ethyl alcohol, acetic anhydride, dimethyl ether (DME) and MTBE. The QAFAC methanol plant can produce 2,950 metric tons a day of US Federal Grade AA methanol from the natural gas provided by QP, through steam reforming, methanol synthesis and distillation. The majority is exported to the Far East, Europe, India and the GCC region. MTBE is a chemical compound from the chemical reaction of methanol and isobutylene. Produced in large quantities, it is usually used as a fuel additive in motor gasoline, one of a group of chemicals known as ‘oxygenates’ because they raise the oxygen content of gasoline. At room temperature, MTBE is a volatile, flammable and colourless liquid that dissolves easily in water. The QAFAC MTBE plant produces around 1,830 metric tons a day by processing methanol from the on-site methanol plant and field butane from QP. The product is used by the QP refinery at Mesaieed as a gasoline blender as an octane enhancer and oxygenator to replace lead in the gasoline marketed in Qatar. The main international markets for MTBE are the Far East, Europe, South America and the GCC. qafac.com.qa
Qatar Chemical Company Ltd Qatar Chemical Company Ltd (Q-Chem) is owned by Mesaieed Petrochemical Holding Company QSC (MPHC) (49%), Chevron Phillips Chemical International Qatar Holdings LLC (49%), and QP (2%). MPHC is majority owned by QP. The Q-Chem facility produces high‑ and medium‑density polyethylene (HDPE and MDPE), 1-hexene and other products, using technology provided by Chevron Phillips Chemical. Located in Mesaieed Industrial City (MIC), the Q‑Chem complex has a production capacity of 453,000 tonnes per annum (MTA) of polyethylene and a 1‑hexene unit with a production capacity 47,000 MTA. The complex also consists of a sulphur recovery and solidification plant, a water treatment plant, seawater cooling system, dock facilities and administrative buildings. Adjacent to the Q‑Chem plant, the joint venture Q-Chem II facility produces 350,000 MTA of HDPE, and has introduced the first full range Normal Alpha Olefins (NAO) unit with a production capacity of 345,000 MTA. The plant has raised the Q-Chem HDPE production capacity to 803,000 MTA, to meet the increasing demand of customers in Asia, Europe and Africa. Similarly the NAO plant produces a full range of alpha olefins. Both plants utilise Chevron Phillips Chemical’s proprietary loop‑slurry process for high-density polyethylene. Ras Laffan Olefins Company Ltd (RLOC) is owned by Q-Chem II (53.31%), Qatofin Company Limited QSC (Qatofin) (45.69%) and QP (1%). The 1.3 mn mtpa ethylene cracker is operated by Q‑Chem II. Ethylene is sent from Ras Laffan to Q-Chem II and Qatofin derivatives units in Mesaieed via a 135 km pipeline, whereupon 700,000 mtpa of ethylene is allocated to Q-Chem II and 600,000 mtpa is transported to Qatofin. qchem.com.qa
Ras Laffan Power Company Ltd Ras Laffan Power Company Limited QPSC (RLPC), established in 2001, is the provider of electricity and water for the people and industrial projects of Qatar. RLPC is a joint venture company owned by Qatar Electricity & Water Co (QEWC) (80%), QP (10%) and GIC (10%). RLPC has a 25-year Power and Water Purchase Agreement with Kahramaa and a 25-year Fuel and Seawater Supply Agreement with QP. RLPC contributes 18% of the country’s power supply and 23% of the country’s water supply. ©
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RLPC is operated by Raslaffan Operating Company WLL. Being the owner of the first independent power and water plant in the State of Qatar, RLPC plays a major role in meeting both the domestic and industrial demand for electricity and water in the coming years. rlpc.net
ConocoPhillips ConocoPhillips is the world’s largest independent exploration and production (E&P) company based on proved reserves and production of liquids and natural gas. ConocoPhillips explores, produces, transports and markets crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids, liquefied natural gas and bitumen worldwide, with operations and activities in 20 countries. In Qatar, ConocoPhillips operates its Global Water Sustainability Center at the Qatar Science and Technology Park (QSTP) which focuses on innovative solutions to treat produced water from the oil and gas industry as well as desalination, recycling, awareness and conservation. ConocoPhillips contributes to social, economic and environmental improvements in all the communities in which it operates. ConocoPhillips’ signature CSR campaign in Qatar is the Kulluna Health and Safety campaign, in partnership with Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC). conocophillips.com
ExxonMobil Qatar ExxonMobil, one of the largest publicly traded international energy companies, uses technology and innovation to help meet the world’s growing energy needs. ExxonMobil holds an industry-leading inventory of resources, is one of the largest refiners and marketers of petroleum products, and its chemical company is one of the largest in the world. ExxonMobil has partnered with QP to develop the North Field, the world’s largest non-associated natural gas field. Through the Qatargas joint venture, the company has participated in 12 of the 14 LNG trains, 27 of the world’s largest LNG ships, three receiving terminals in Europe and the US, and Qatar’s largest condensate refinery. ExxonMobil is the only foreign participant in two domestic gas projects – Al Khaleej Gas and QATAR OIL, GAS AND PETROCHEMICAL E-GUIDE ©
Barzan Gas. ExxonMobil also provides technical and management expertise to directly support QP through secondments of ExxonMobil employees. ExxonMobil Research Qatar (EMRQ) opened at QSTP in 2009 to conduct research in areas of common interest to Qatar and ExxonMobil. Scientists and researchers at EMRQ continue to advance projects in environmental management, water reuse, LNG safety and coastal geology. By using global knowledge to develop local resources, EMRQ is able to create an invaluable link between the local and international research communities. exxonmobil.qa
North Oil North Oil Company (NOC) is an operating company created through a joint venture agreement to operate and further develop the Al Shaheen oil field for the next 25 years. NOC is a Qatari company, 70% owned by QP and 30% by Total. Al Shaheen oil field is located in Qatari waters 80 km north of Ras Laffan with facilities consisting of 33 platforms and more than 300 wells, currently producing around 300,000 barrels of oil per day. Al Shaheen is Qatar’s largest offshore oil field and one of the largest offshore oil fields in the world. noc.qa
ORYX GTL ORYX GTL Ltd was established in 2003 to develop, construct, and operate Qatar’s first gas-toliquids (GTL) plant, converting natural gas into high quality GTL products including diesel, naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). GTL fuels are gaining greater acceptance as a sustainable longterm alternative to conventional fuels due to its superior characteristics. ORYX GTL is a 51:49 joint venture between QP and Sasol Middle East and India (SMEA), combining QP’s natural gas wealth with Sasol’s technological know-how to manufacture more than 32,400 barrels a day of high specification GTL diesel, naphtha and LPG. Naphtha produced at ORYX GTL is exported from Ras Laffan and marketed by Qatar International Petroleum Marketing Company (Tasweeq) to customers in the Middle East and Far East. oryxgtl.com.qa
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Qatar Shell
Total
Shell is the largest international investor in Qatar. QP and Shell have jointly delivered two of the largest energy projects in the world in Ras Laffan Industrial City. Pearl Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) is the world’s largest GTL plant, cementing Qatar’s position as the GTL capital of the world. Costing USD19 bn, this is the largest single investment in the Shell Group’s global portfolio. Meanwhile the Qatargas 4 LNG project (QP 70%, Shell 30%) combines Shell’s global leadership in LNG with Qatar’s position as the world’s largest LNG supplier. The Qatar Shell Research & Technology Centre at QSTP is a world-class research and development facility and learning centre, with investment of up to USD100 mn on programmes in support of energy and the environment. Qatar Shell also supports Qatar National Vision 2030 through investments in national talent and capability development, via the professional development of Qatari employees and an extensive CSR programme. shell.qa
French energy major TOTAL has been in Qatar since 1936, active in all areas of the oil and gas sector. Total is the shareholder and sole operator of Al Khalij offshore oilfield. In 2016, Total won the bid for Al Shaheen offshore oilfield, resulting in North Oil Company, established as a partnership between Total and QP. Total is also a founding partner of Qatargas, a founding member and leading partner of Dolphin Energy, and a partner of Muntajat. Total also owns prominent shares in QAPCO and Qatofin, and has a stake in the two Laffan Condensate Refineries operated by Qatargas in Ras Laffan. Total Marketing Qatar has a prominent market share for lubricants in Qatar for automotive, construction, industrial and marine customers. The Total Research Center Qatar at QSTP has leading edge and innovative research projects related to sustainable development, marine biodiversity, biofuels, and solar energy. total.com
WOQOD
Sasol Sasol is an international integrated chemicals and energy company. Through talented people, Sasol use selected technologies to safely and sustainably source, produce and market chemical and energy products competitively to create superior value for customers, shareholders and other stakeholders. The company develops and commercialises technologies, and build and operate world-scale facilities to produce a range of high-value product streams, including liquid fuels, chemicals and lowcarbon electricity. Sasol employs 31, 270 people working in 32 countries. In Qatar, Sasol is a 49% shareholder with QP in ORYX GTL, the world’s first commercial-scale GTL plant. ORYX GTL uses Sasol proprietary gas-toliquids (GTL) technology to convert natural gas into liquid fuel and chemical products. sasol.com
Qatar Fuel Company (WOQOD) QPSC was formed as a joint stock company in 2002 to provide downstream, refined fuel storage, distribution and marketing services in Qatar. WOQOD is listed on Qatar Exchange following its IPO in 2003. WOQOD distributes fuel products within Qatar for all transportation – diesel and gasoline for vehicles, marine fuel for seagoing vessels, and aviation fuel for airlines – with fuel distribution depots in Mesaimeer and Ras Laffan. WOQOD has a fleet of road tankers and an extensive network of petrol stations, as well as vessels for supplying marine fuel. Qatar was the first GCC country to convert to fully unleaded gasoline and WOQOD’s diesel has the lowest sulfur content in the region. WOQOD also fulfils Qatar's energy needs through ecofriendly fuel products like liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed natural gas. LPG is supplied to domestic customers via Shafaf cylinders, while industrial and commercial users can have LPG tankers installed. WOQOD has diversified into retail marketing with Sidra convenience stores, a one-stop shop solution at their fuel stations. m woqod.com.qa ©
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