Design Visioning Module 3
DESIGN INNOVATION: Design thinking the Stanford Way
INDEX
ABSTRACT. TEAM INTRODUCTION 6 Sergio d’Amato 9 Gianni Garaguso 10 Francesco Micheletto 11 Cristina Paleari 12 Luca Prandoni 13 BRIEF - POINT OF VIEW 14 Original problem statement 16 BENCHMARKING 18 Exploration goals 20 Findings and learning 21 PERSONA Empathy map Life size persona Persona story/card
22 24 25 25
NEEDFINDING 26 Interviews/Observations 28 Conclusions 29 REQUIREMENTS 30 Table requirements A 1/2 32 Table requirements A 2/2 33 Table requirements B 34 Table requiremnts C 35 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 36 First prototype CEP 38 Second prototype CEP 40 Dark horse prototype 42 Final design 44 APPENDIX 50
ABSTRACT TEAM INTRODUCTION
LABORATORIO DI CONCEPT DESIGN
Team introduction
Sergio d’Amato TEAM NAME: Team 2 PROJECT: Design Visioning Module 3 Members&Features
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Graduated in Industrial Product Design at the Politecnico di Milano, during the course of my studies I developed several projects. My other projects have been presented to international-level competitions and even one of these is among the winners of Millennium Project of Bruni Glass. I recently engaged in 3D modeling and rendering of glasses for the site of Ray-Ban. Now I’m attending Lund University for the Erasmus project. I love the innovation and at the same time I’m nostalgic, I am cheerful and sporty.
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
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Team introduction
Gianni Garaguso
Francesco Micheletto
I graduated in Industrial Product Design at “Università degli Studi di Firenze”. After graduation I worked for a short period in the same university. In October 2012 he won Italian national contest “I love me: Design” design and selfproduction. In July 2012 I work for Slow Food Italy, on a packaging and brand design project in Palestine and Israel. In February 2013 my thesis was selected from Index Design Award 2012. I love graphic, typography, illustrations and sperimental, electronic, ambient music.
I was born in Monza, on 31/1/1991. I graduated in 2013 in NABA Milano in Industrial Design. I really love figurative arts, digital and traditional. Since I was at the high school, I started to gather informations about designers and architects by myself. I’m especially interested in bio-architecture and ecodesign, organic design and all those disciplines connected with nature and sustainability. I also enjoy to develop interactive and urbanistic works, trying to catch inspiration from nature and Landscapes mixed with hi tech shapes and materials. I consider Ross Lovegrove, Alvar AAlto, Eben Bayer, Enzo Mari, Mitchell Joachim and Toyo Ito as constant inspirations in my works. I’m also interested in illustration, graphic and music.
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
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Team introduction
Cristina Paleari
Luca Prandoni
Industrial Design student. I have always had a passion for drawing and painting. I attended the artistic high school, during which I learnt many graphic techniques. I have a passion also for writing, I take part in competitions with short stories. Creativity and visual thinking are the main features that distinguish me. Design is for me the perfect opportunity to express myself and to employ my skills in order to create new solutions. I’m interested in service design and projects directed towards the development of consistent sets of product, communication and service as an expression of research and the attempt to convey intent and values.
I am 24 years old and i was born in Milan. I graduated in Industrial Design at Politecnico di Milano and before i studied art at Liceo Artistico Boccioni. I have worked for the prototype studio Oneoff as a prototypist, working particularly with the laser cutting machine. I play basketball and nordic skiing since i was a child. I like introspective music and my favorite film is Frankenstein Junior by Mel Brooks. I would like to become a toy designer, because I think that childhood is the most important phase of human life and also to have an excuse that allows me to play again.
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BRIEF - POINT OF VIEW Project Guidelines Project introduction Design features Design intentions
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Brief - Point of view
Original problem statement Transportation:
Young with a job/dynamic Make easier the interaction (trough feedback of different kind) between a urban traveler and his container, during movements. Think a way to access easily to the most used objects. Allow users to feel mentally and actually safe. Accessibility; Free movements; Interaction user-container and containeruser;
by by by by
public transportation foot bike cycle
URBAN TRAVELER
Feedback
(safe/security)
Sense of safe Practical use
Easy interaction
Adaptable Resistent Practical Free movements
CONTAINER
Safe and security; Urban travel features: young, with a job, dynamic; Urban traveler’s movements: by foot, by bike, by cycle, by public transportation;
Easy access to stuffs
Easy to use / Intuitive (Affordance way “How to use it? In what way?
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BENCHMARKING
Project Guidelines
Exploration goals Selction requirements for the material and results presented Finding and learnigns
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Benchmarking
BENCHMARKING
FINDINGS AND LEARNINGS
Exploration goals
Students
TRENDS Employee / Worker
Combination of carried containers
Cu st om iza tio Nee n d fo r ch ang e
fu til u
n
USERS
tio ec Aff
Observe how people carry their objects / Discover why they carry them in a certain way / Observe how people reach their objects Figure out insights / Find out unmet needs and understand design opportunities
M
l na o ti nc
ity
ty bili a t ap Ad
NEEDS Clothes pockets
n
io Protect
Sense
y
urit
20
Capaci ty
fort
nt ro m a us in bper an ed a u ce for ckp se cit ac y) k
Pe r ou imp fo r
Act of buying: for some people brand and appearance don’t matter, while others consider them fundamental. In particular, it seems that people buy their bags not only for function but also for they are symbols of a particular lifestyle and social group.
to
(m
Tonino, employee, 25, shoulder bag: - “I would like more pockets and a better division of space” - “It often bumps into things and I feel uncomfortable”
Way of carrying: the way by which people carry containers and their behavior about that, show us some trends and unspoken needs. Some people use a mountain backpack in the urban context or for school, other people use uncomfortable or not suitable bags and backpack (or carry bags in a certain way) because they follow fashion and trends.
ing n a C le y ilit b ra n Du io ials t en er tt at A m
e
Grazia, 24, bag: - “There is the risk that my bag can be opened” - “It’s difficult to find objects inside” - “The food is crushed”
Roberto, employee, 30, backpack: - “Waterproof coating does not apply properly” - “I would like pockets on the shoulder strap”
Used for objects: - small - valuable (economic / affective) - most used
bl na io sh fa
Annasara, 20, shoulder bag: - “I would like more compartments” - “I would like a food-pocket which can keep warm”
Maurizio, technician, 28, backpack: - ”I’m afraid to be robbed” - “When it’s warm my back sweats”
g in Be
Valerio, 21, backpack: - “I would like to customize my backpack” - “I don't put it on the ground” - “ The straps get unstitched”
Com
S ec
of b
elongi typ ng (so e of co me ntai ner are not bra s nd uita s ble wa but y use of da ca nyw rry ay) ing
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PERSONA
Project Guidelines Empathy map Life size persona Persona story/card
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Persona
Empathy map
Life size persona /Persona story card THINK AND FEEL He wants to stay in Egypt for a while
Dreams about boatrip / travelling Lives in a city
Family tradition Aspiration / richness
His family are important
Stories from his mother
Fear of loneliness
Has a few good friends Plays basketball in the park
Happy when thinking of the sea / waves
His sister lifts his spirit
Sees items too expensive for him
HEAR
Friends always talk about cinema
SEE
His boss says he is too young
The same people are always at the pub The pub where he wors is modest
Collegues complain about job
Loves listening to his i-pod
SAY AND DO
Karim Abdoul Saabara
Cares about prices
Quiet
Self confident
Loves rock music
Organised and tidy
Reserved and shy He is always in movement
GAIN
PAIN Silence
Immobility
To see grow old his parents
Feel himself not italian and not egyptian
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Vivid colours Opening a new book
Goes on his bike
To project his future
Hot sand and salt on his skin
PROFILE Age: 28 years old Job: he works in a pub, he is also a delivery boy Family: his parents are egyptian emigrant, he as a 19 sister and lots of cousins in Egypt.
CULTURAL BACKGROUND His family come from a small town, his parents emigrated for job and necessities reasons. He is italian, grew up in the western/european way, but he knows very well is parent’s country and is interested about that.
PERSONALITY He is introvert, reserved and shy with people just met, but then he is an altruistic person and a great listener. He is quiet, reflexive, precise and methodical but dynamic and curious. He feels self-confident, knows he can rely on his skills. Organised and tidy, he wants to be always on time. He enjoys to talk about cinema with his friends and sometimes he like to isolate himself with rock music on his i-pod. HOBBY AND INTEREST He loves reading detective stories and watching mainstream american movies. He plays basketball with his friends at the park. Loves nature, fishing and night walks. He is an NBA fan, his myth is Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.
SKILLS Has always worked as a bartender since he was a teenager, before that he studied at a technical school where a teacher hand down him the passion for reading. He's very good at manual work, he can fix a lots of things with just a few tools and materials. He is a fairly good as basketball player. DREAMS AND ASPIRATIONS Dreams about becoming a writer. He wish to return to Egypt to relive the situations and the atmosphere told by parents. He saves money to buy a small boat. He would like to link his passion for fishing with his travel’s dream. 5 IMPORTANT THINGS - He is always in movement, so he needs to move as freely as possible - Loves colours - The objects he carried have to be protected - His objects have to be easily accessible - He needs protection for himself and his objects TYPICAL DAY He wakes up at 7, goes to the pub where he work by bike, the pub it’s near home. Usually works in the pub until 12 a.m. then he delivers lunch (sandwiches and drinks) by foot or by bike at the offices nearby. When he returns to the pub, helps to prepare aperitifs until 5:30 p.m. and then he goes home. He often goes through the library, to pick a good book or he meets with his friends to play basketball at the park. When he arrives at home, he is very tired but enjoys to read out loud to his mother or he helps his sister with maths’ homework.
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NEEDFINDING
Project Guidelines Finding and conclusion of the interviews
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Needfinding
INTERVIEWS Tahir 31 years old worker Pakistani
Marco 27 years old employee lives in Milan
Girl with two bags
extreme user
“I use a backpack and a laptop bag because of the weight”
“I go to work by bike everyday, it’s far 4 Km”
He haven't objects hanged externally for a better balance
“I always carry a fruit with me, I put it in a plastic bag and then in the backpack”
“I put my backpack on the bike luggage rack and I stop it with a strap. I don’t like to put it on shoulder because of the swear”
The backpack is small and it fit to the upper back, it can't get entangled into the wheel
“In my free time I go to the gym, I have a different bag for that” “It depends on the sizes of the things, for example I have to put my tablet in the backpack because of its size” agenda tablet fruit bottle of water pens
“When it rains or snows I can't put the backpack on the bike luggage rack because the things inside might get wet, so I have to put it on shoulder and I carry the umbrella with an hand, while the other one is on the bike” extra scarf reflective bib perfume
medicine agenda batteries
apple torch
phone
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Downhill biker
cigarettes wallet
phone wallet cigarettes lighter keys for the bike lock
The heavy items inside the backpack can't moves, there are pockets of different sizes The backpack always adheres to the body thanks to special straps He bring only the water that he needs to get to the next stop The telephone is rolled up into a t-shirt before putting it into the backpack The eyewear is put in a rigid case into the backpack The backpack is very simple: it doesn't has external snap, elastics, ring or pendants
Divide items according to size and function Distribute weights correctly
Divide items according to the frequency of use and the importance to reach them immediatly
Kg
Waterproof container
Separate food from other items
rooted in the traditions of his country, keep in touch with his family
ordinate and methodical, want to advanced his career
laptop
CONCLUSIONS
OBSERVATIONS
She has a bag divided by three compartments: the one which is closer to her body contain heavy and big items (books), the second one contains personal items (wallet, telephone ecc.), the last compartment contains light and cheap objects (gloves, umbrella)
Important things have to be carried in a secure way, where it's possible to check them
Kg Waterproof
Hierarchy
Protection
Order
Customization
Accessibility
Slip
Weight
Food
Visibility
The bag is open, the zip isn't used She pull out her transit pass (separated in a special pocket) without looking at the bag, the gesture is usual She has also a cotton bag (probably usually uses) that contains a lunchbox and a newspaper The bag is a simple one, not too showy, with a hanging colorful keyring
Distribute weights correctly
Kg
Lightness is important
Kg
Divide items according to the weight, the value and the frequency of use, the order in which they are used during the day Items that are used frequently have to be easily accessible
Protect fragile objects
It’s not necessary lock what is visible
The container should allow the biker to slide on the ground if he falls from the bike
It’s important to put away the items always with the same order It’s important separate food from other items It’s important make the container customizable
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REQUIREMENTS
Project Guidelines Possible features of the final project
Organize according to frequency of use
Two or three possible positions of the cases
People can change pockets’ number and position according to situations Requirements
Check contets in different ways Table requirements A 2/2
ex.: rough if full / smooth if empty coloured if full / not coloured if empty
People need to use their senses as much as possible. One different cases’ surfaces for each contents
Being sure to have your items in the cases
Visual/acoustic/tactile feedbacks
People need to use their senses as much as possible
A better distribuition of weight
Balance the weight distribution
People need a better distribuition of weight to get tired less and to move freely
Allow people to move freely
Reduce weights as much as possible (Kilograms)
People need to move freely, have their hands free, don’t feel the weight
Anti-pocketing
Secure closures / coating
People need protection from robberies
Security
Have a closure which make objects easily accessible for the user but not for others
People need real and psychological security
Position “pockets” in accessible position according to body and movements
People need to have free and fast access to their most used objects
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Contact arrying
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max. 20 inner cases
Rationale People need change during the day or situations with few gestures, People can make their own cases
(touch, view...)
Customizable according to fashion liking
One colour or textures in according to situations and clothes ( ex. with blues clothes: not brown)
People choose colour or textures according to fashion liking
Change function when not in use
Two or three functions of the same object
People don’t uses objects fully
Organize according to frequency of use
Two or three possible positions of the cases
People can change pockets’ number and position according to situations
Check contets in different ways (touch, view...)
ex.: rough if full / smooth if empty coloured if full / not coloured if empty
People need to use their senses as much as possible. One different cases’ surfaces for each contents
Protection for both person and container
Cloating/casing which can cover
People want to have their container protected from outside and some protection for them too
Being sure to have your items in the cases
Visual/acoustic/tactile feedbacks
People need to use their senses as much as possible
Waterproof
Waterproof fabric / cover for bad weather
People want to protect their container from weathering
A better distribuition of weight
Balance the weight distribution
Protection
Customization
Customizable number of inner cases
Metrics
Carrying
Requirements for opportunity
Contact
Table requirements A 1/2
Reach objects easily
People need a better distribuition of weight to get tired less and to move freely
33 Requirements from benchmarking and needfinding
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Requirements
Table requirements C
Given Requirements
Metrics
Container for a young urban traveler
According to young people’s liking
Technological development
Container that are suitable for different techonolgical devices
People's usage of technological devices are constantly increasing
Customization
Have different colours / graphics / textures
People’s wanto to choose the container according to their liking / need to customize their container
Ecofriendly
Use material / process or usage that are sustainable
The attention to ecofriendly solutions are essentials
Efficency
Versatility
Hight performance
Container that can change according to situations (take different shapes)
Requirements from the brief
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Rationale
For urban people that leaves home to study or work, play sport or practise hobby
People need technical capability
People need to have a container that can adapt to their lifes
Metrics
Rationale
Allow people to move freely
Position “pockets” in accessible position according to body and movements
People need to move freely, have their hands free, don’t feel the weight
Being sure to have your items in the cases
Visual/acoustic/tactile feedbacks
People need to use their senses as much as possible
Anti-pocketing
Secure closures / coating
People need protection from robberies
Security
Have a closure which make objects easily accessible for the user but not for others
People need real and psychological security
Reach objects easily
Position “pockets” in accessible position according to body and movements
People need to have free and fast access to their most used objects
Protection for both person and container
Cloating/casing which can cover
People want to have their container protected from outside and some protection for them too
Waterproof
Waterproof fabric / cover for bad weather
People want to protect their container from weathering
Assumptions
Protection - Security - Access
Features
Users
Table requirements B
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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT Prototyping test
CFP / CEP’s Test planning and reactions Learning, discoveries, failures
DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Design development
First Prototype: CEP (Critical Experience Prototype)
CF: Do people want to have a feedback from their container?If yes, which kind? CE: Do people want to have confirmation about security of their container? (psychological security) Question of ignorance: Is it useful to have a signal that helps people to feel more safe? A backpack with two iphone on the shoulders straps. The iphones are setted with different signals which simulate (through a call made by us) feedback related to different possible situations such as pickpocketing and reminder about inside objects. As a result of our brainstorming sessions, we focused our interests on very specific fields that we defined as “feedbacks”. With the term feedback, we mean a sort of signal that your container can give you in order to assure a concrete sense of protection and security. In the first part of our experiment we don’t want to understand what kind of signal is the best, but if a signal could be a well working way to communicate with the user. In the second part we will focus on what kind of signal is more effective on the user’s attention. We’ll try with: lighting, audio and vibrating.
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Testing evidence If a signal could be a well working way to communicate with the user . What kind of signal is more effective on the user’s attention. We’ll try with: lighting, audio and vibrating. Learnings, discoveries, failures Some people never fill the backpack with valuable stuff. The reason is that the pockets are too exposed and easy to open, and they feel very insecure. Other people put their valuable objects in the backpack, but they feel unsafe about that, so they would appreciate a kind of feedback with can give them security. We discovered that people feel insecurity also about have or not their objects with them, so they would appreciate to have feedback which remind them about objects presence. We noticed that the visual feedback isn’t attractive enough. Maybe because people are too surrounded by visual (and sonorous stimulus). Some people prefer the sound because is more immediate and catch not only their attention, but even the attention of the people around, while others prefer the vibration because it’s a signal that only them can feel (they don’t want to catch attention on them, or annoying).
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Design development
Second Prototype: CFP (Critical Functional Prototype)
CFP: Critical functional prototype CF: in which way people access to objects? CE: do people always need to immediately find useful objects in their bags? Question of ignorance: how people reach the objects in their backpack? Is it useful for people to have an access to their objects? The first prototype consists in giving to users a backpack and three post-it that represent: phone, keys and wallet. We asked them to attach it to the backpack’s pockets they used for it. Backpack with a tissue sleeve on its right side.
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Testing evidence For this second prototype we make two steps: the first one consists in observing where people put their most used/ valuable/personal objects and how they reach them. To do this, we give to users a backpack and three post-it that represent: phone, keys and wallet. We asked them to attach it to the backpack’s pockets they used for it. The second part consists in giving to people a backpack with a tissue sleeve on its right side. The sleeve works like an extractable pocket. It has been designed with easy access pockets where the user can put objects, like wallet, mobile phone, keys, into. Learnings, discoveries, failures The reason why people do not use their backpack’s pockets is often linked with security. People appreciate the fact that they could avoid to stop walking or doing something to find their stuff in the backpack. We have to use a very thin tissue for the sleeve. The prototype one was not so comfortable to put in the backpack, especially when full. Failures: The prototype was sometimes difficult to understand in all his potential. People need a more clear explanation of how to use it.
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Dark Horse prototype
2
1
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Design development
Prototype definition. The prototype consists in a backpack with a waterproof fabric cover with a foldable structure which shapes a hood, the hood came up with in a few gestures. Focus. The Dark Horse prototype focused the attention on the themes of protection from bad weather for both person and backpack, the feel of security, free movements. Why it’s a good candidate. Trough the prototype we can test and study deeper the need for protection and safety. From the interviews we discovered that people who go biking strongly feel the problem of protection from bad weather and they need to reach their objects every time they want, in the fastest and easily way, with few gestures and few parts of the body involved. Why it was chosen. It was chosen because it was the best way to test specific situations, in which protection and safety are involved, but mostly it was a good test to understand movements which people are more comfortable to do in order to feel themselves as free as possible. Testing evidence. We give to people the prototype explaining them only the function of the product, we ask them to wear the backpack and then we observe what they do with that, observing how they relate to the prototype.
Learnings, discoveries and failures People feel comfortable with the prototype; The gestures involved are intuitive and simple (but it could be more) People are concern about / interested in protection; The protection is an important theme, people care about it; People wish the protection could be bigger and for all the body; People are concern with aesthetic also in technical product; People care about stability. How will this influence the design this prototype can influence the design because tested people really appreciated the fact that the protection is both for the backpack and the person and that, with this product, they can protect themselves (and the backpack) from bad weather with a single objects involved. This consideration is directly linked to the previous found need for fast and easy access and few movements which can improve free movements.
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Design development
Final Design Final Design
Security string
Waterproof cover
BAD WEATHER CONDITIONS
;
USE IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS
TAKE OBJECTS QUICKLY AND EASILY ID CARD
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Extractable cover
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Concept description The final product is a waterproof cover for all kind of backpacks that protect both the user and his backpack from bad weather conditions (rain, snow and blazing hot sun) and lets him to find what he needs easily and quickly during his urban travels. It has a foldable cover for the user’s head, designed with a visor, that can be assembled easily by pulling a wire. There is a special extractable container on the cover of the backpack that allows user to find quickly his most important items used during his travels. User can refold it just pulling another string and, once fixed it on shoulder strap, it alert user if someone tries to access objects in the foldable container.Features The product is made not only thinking about the object that is carried in the container, but also the different way to use it during the day, the frequency of use and the value; The product allows movements and let your hand free;
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The items that were considered are easy to access; It is easy to check the items you need whenever you want; The product lets the user to be sure to have his important items; The items are easily reachable by the user but not by thieves; The product combines the good weight distribution of the backpack with the easy of access of the messenger bag; The product is made specifically for a young urban traveler, that could use a phone while he is walking, that would like to preserve his hair, that could want to have hands free, for example to open his wallet or send a text; The product allows the user to move by bike, also when wearing a helmet or a hat; The visor protects the eyes from the rain while cycling; The product alerts the user if someone tries to access his items; Visual feedback gives psychological and
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
real security; The product is suitable for every type of backpack; The product is easy and fast to put on; The user can access his items without removing the cover; You can have your important objects accessible without their volume feeling uncomfortable. Vision for future work If we had more time, at first we would like to make sure that all the product system is usable with the gestures of one hand. We think that this improvement is consistent with the mission that we have given ourselves: make sure that the user feels free as much as possible, founding quickly and easily what he need during his travel in all weather conditions. We probably worked more on materials, looking for a solution to make the fabric resistent to cuts and strains. Process reflection
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At first we were confused by this new design method, because we didn’t know what to expect. But for the same reason our mind remained open throughout the planning period. This state of mind help us to stay focused for learning and also made us enthusiastic to design and think in a new way. We were encouraged to go further the idea of the ordinary container, rethinking its functions and people’s uses. Observe people’s behavior was been the most important step for our project, especially try to understand the underneeds that made us think deeper about human nature. Also the dark horse method help us to believe in our ideas and be convinced of these, although not ordinary. Design and work in a enjoyable place with soft music and candies made a hard work less burdensome. Finally we would like to have much more time to understand deeply this method in
order to practice and make us more aware. It would be wonderful if we could repeat and upgrade our human factor research once finished the final prototype. Gianni: “Outcomes are unexpected” Luca: “Is always good rethink the way of thinking” Francesco: “Unusual but interesting learn to sew” Sergio: “It was nice to deal with people” Cristina: “Post-it is a good way to fix and share thoughts”
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APPENDIX
All documents Everything documented Videos, photos, notes, images
Appendix
Interview 1 - Young employee
APPENDIX First interview First project’s step
- What’s your name? My name is Marco - How old are you? I’m 27 years old - Where do you live? I live in Milan - What do you do? I work in an office - How do you get to your workplace? I take the tram > He carries two bags: a backpack and a laptop bag - Why do you use two bags? For the weight - Which items do you carry in your backpack? Pens, writing books, agenda, a fruit and a bottle of water - Where do you put your fruit? In a plastic bag and then in the backpack - What do you do after work? I usually go home to relax - Do you do some spots? I go to the gym
- And do you use the same backpack for the gym? No, I use another bag - If you go to other places (not to the work and not the gym) do you use the workbackpack or another one? No, I use the same - Where do you put your value things like phone and wallet? I put my phone in the backpack, but I take my wallet and cigarettes with me, in the pocket It depends on the sizes of the things, for example I have to put my tablet in the backpack because of its size
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Appendix
Interview 2 - Young worker
- What’s your name? My name is Tahir Muhammad - How old are you? I’m 31 years old - What do you do? I’m a worker - Where you come from? I’m from Pakistan - How do you get to your workplace? I go by bike > He uses a backpack In the front pocket he puts: an apple and a torch In the big compartment he puts: gloves (when he don’t wear it), a scarf (he wears a scarf and he bring another, a warmer one), a reflective bib, a chocolate, a hood a bottle of perfume. In the little pocket (inside the big compartment) he puts: Oki (medicine), batteries, agenda (on which he notes work time and hours of work). He wears a cap. - Daily routine:
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Wake-up at 6:00 Go out at 6:45 Take the bike - 20 minutes by bike (4 Km)arrive at 7,30 9/10 hours of work He have difficulties when it rains or snows ‘cause he can’t put the backpack on the bike luggage rack, as he always does, because the thing inside the backpack might get wet, so he have to put the backpack on shoulder and he have to carry the umbrella with a hand, while with the other hand is on the bike. He isn’t afraid that the backpack might go in the wheel’s bike (he put it on the bike’s rack and stops it with a strap). He prefer not to wear it because the back sweat.
or facebook. I keep my computer at home, I never bring it with me. - Where do you keep your personal effects? I keep them in my jacket’s pockets. I keep: wallet, phone, cigarettes, lighter, keys for the bike lock.
- What do you like to do in your free time? I like to go out with friends or to go to them, with my bike. I don’t do sports. My family is far, we speak on viber, skype
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Appendix
CEP / CFP
Why some people don’t put their value things where it’s easy to access to them?
APPENDIX First prototype CEP / CFP and test planning
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Do, people that put their value things where it’s easy to access to them, feel safe? CEP Is it useful to have a signal that helps people to feel more safe? CFP Do people want to have feedback?If yes, which kind?
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Design developement
PROTOTYPE 1 A backpack with two iphone on the shoulders straps. The iphones are setted with different signals
Appendix
Test planning
CONTEXT The background of our observations will necessary be a crowded public place, where lots of other visual and lighting feedbacks are perceived by the user. We need to reach an efficient signal, able to catch the attention in every situation, even the most confused and chaotic. HOW WE PROCEED Find a tester for our prototype; Make him wear the backpack without giving him any information on what is going to happen ; Collect and report all infos. INTERVIEW We’ll simulate different situations to collect different reactions to an hypothetic robbery.
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DESIGN VISIONING MODULE 3
Design developement
Appendix
TEST 1 Our first approach took place in a crowded class, with lots of distractions like people talking, lot of noise
Linda 23 years old Design Engineering student
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We gave her a regular backpack with some precious stuff in the front pocket. (Wallet, keys, mobile phone). Then we involved her in a conversation, distracted her, and one of us tried to pickpocket her. She didn’t notice anything, and we got an easy access to her wallet. We wanted to prove that even a newbie could steal from a backpack.
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Interview - Linda Sound A sound (similar to an alarm) caught her attention immediately. She spotted the thief. WHY? The sound was very intense and close to her ear. A fast reaction proved us that she was warned about what was happening.
Vibrating A vibrating impulse shook her shoulder. She felt it and immediately got a reaction. She asked us what was happening, and she took a look around to check what was happening behind her. She spotted the thief. WHY? The intense vibration on her shoul- der caught her attention.
Light A light flashed when the zip has been opened. Linda didn’t noticed anything. WHY? The light was not intense enough Probably her hood covered her visual, so she had not been able to see the signal. She continued the conversation.
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Linda always puts her value things where she can view them and reach easily We asked her if a feedback from the backpack could have been a clever solution in order to avoid robberies. Linda admitted that she would have appreciated a generic signal. We asked her if a feedback from the backpack could have been a clever solution in order to remember her if her objects are in there. Linda said that she would have appreciated a sort of reminder, ‘cause she usually forget if and where she put her objects. Like we saw in the test: she preferred the sound, because is more immediate and catch not only her attention, but even the attention of the people around her.
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Reactions to different signals
TEST 2 Our second test took lace in a quiter location
Sound A sound (similar to an alarm) caught his attention immediately. WHY? The sound was very intense and close to his ear.
Vibrating A vibrating impulse shook his shoulder. He felt it and immediately got a reaction. He asked us what was happening.
Marco 24 years old Design Engineering student
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Light A light flashed but Marco didn’t noticed anything. WHY? The light was not intense enough He continued the conversation.
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Interview - Marco
Learnings, discoveries, failures
We asked him if a feedback from the backpack could have been a clever solution in order to avoid robberies or in order to remember him if his objects are in the backpack. Marco admitted that he would have appreciated a generic signal. He preferred the vibration, because is more immediate and catch only his attention. The sound, although it has attracted his attention, turns out to be too intrusive and he doesn’t want that other people can ear it. He suggested that the signal could been shut down with a simple touch (like just resting the hand).
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Appendix
We discovered that the possibility to have feedback, like a signal, which allows the backpack to communicate to the user is a feature in which users are interested in. We discovered that the signals that better catch the attention are not the visual ones but the sonorous and tactile ones. However the sonorous signals can not always be heard or are not always welcome.
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CEP / CFP
Why users don’t put precious/useful stuff in their backpack’s pockets?
APPENDIX Second prototype CEP / CFP and test planning
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CEP Do users always need to immediatly find useful objects in their bags? CFP Do users always need to immediatly find useful objects in their bags?
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PROTOTYPE 2 A backpack with a tissue sleeve on its right side. The sleeve works like an extractable pocket. It has been designed with easy access pockets where the user can put objects into (Like wallet, mobile phone, keys) PROJECT TARGET Make the user’s gestures less uncomfortable when he need to find immediately an object in his backpack. HOW DOES IT WORKS? The pocket-sleeve is extractable with an immediate and intuitive gesture. The user can comfortably put away the sleeve without taking off the packpack.
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Test planning
CONTEXT The right context simply need to be a place where a person needs to wear his backpack. We can easily get the information we need from a random place, like a street, a station or a campus HOW WE PROCEED Find a tester for our prototype. Make him wear the backpack without giving him any information on what is going to happen INTERVIEW Give him/her a regular backpack; Ask him/her which pocket is supposed to be the best to contain a mobile phone/ keys/wallet; Ask him/her to show what are the specific gestures he makes to open the pockets and take the object.
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TEST 1 The test took place in an ordinary street, with no extraordinary condition to report
STEP 1
Andrea 23 years old University Student
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We asked him to show us (simulated with post it) where he would have putted his three main items. Caste stuck each post it on the exterior pockets.
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STEP 3 We asked caste to explore the backpack He immediately understood how the sleeve at his side could be extracted. We asked him to put his wallet in a pocket and without taking off the backpack
STEP 2 Now we asked him to wear the backpack and to show us the gestures he uses to take something he has in his pockets As seen in the picture, he has to take off the backpack
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He has been able to put the sleeve into the backpack, even if he suggested to use a thinner tissue to avoid any kind of effort in the action, He thought that the most functional aspect is that he could walk and continue to see in front of him while using the prototype.
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Interview - Andrea
TEST 2
Andrea always puts his wallet/phone/keys where he can easily reach them.
The test took place in an ordinary street, with no extraordinary condition to report
That’s why he usually doesn’t use backpack to storage his wallet/phone/keys We asked her if an extractable pocket could have been a clever solution to the problem Andrea admitted that he enjoyed how comfortable was the easy access to his stuff He told us that is a clever solution not only because we simplified the gestures required in this process, but also because this pocket is more safe than a regular one. He told us that he imagines the final version with a better aesthethic and design.
Federico
23 years old University Student
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STEP 2
STEP 1 We asked him to show us (simulated with post it) where he would have putted his three main items. Federico just like Andrea before, stuck each post it on the exterior pockets.
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Again, we asked him to wear the backpack and to show us the gestures he uses to take something he has in his pockets As seen in the picture, he turned his backpack in a frontal position WHY? The reason is that in this way he would have been able to walk while taking his stuff.
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Interview - Federico
STEP 3 We asked Federico to explore the backpack. He was a little confused at the beginning, beacause he thought that the sleeve (was inside the bag when we gave him the backpack) was a simple pocket. Once explained, we asked him to put his keys in the sleevepocket, and like Caste before, he put away the whole thing with a single gesture. He explained us that it feels comfortable that the sleeve is shaped to go round his body.
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Federico always puts his wallet and keys in the backpack because he doesn’t want to feel weight in his trouser’s pockets. He confirmed us that he would be happy to take what he needs in a fast, safe and more comfortable. We asked him if an extractable pocket could have been a clever solution to the problem. Federico appreciated that our prototype allowed him to reach his stuff immediately, but also said it was probably too experimental to him. Federico observed that this kind of pocket is too apparescent. He suggested us that it would be perfect for the metro digital ticket, (suggested a solution similar to the skipass).
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Learnings, discoveries, failures
LEARNINGS The reason why people do not use their bacpack’s pockets is often linked with security. People appreciate the fact that they could avoid to stop walking or doing something to find their stuff in the backpack We have to use a very thin tissue for the sleeve. The prototype one was not so comfortable to put in the backpack, especially when full. Involeve more gadget-pockets FAILURES The prototype was sometimes difficult to undertand in all his potential. People need a more clear explanation of how to use it.
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Appendix
Dark Horse prototype
APPENDIX Dark Horse Prototype Features&test planning
Referred to the previous CEP/CFP about protection and easy access to objects Do people feel the need for more freedom in their movements? Are people interested in a backpack that in a simple way can turn to a protection for both backpack and person? Prototype definition: The prototype consists in a backpack with a waterproof fabric cover with a foldable structure which shapes a hood, the hood came up with in a few gestures. Focus: the Dark Horse prototype focused the attention on the themes of protection from bad weather for both person and backpack, the feel of security, free movements. Why it’s a good candidate: it's a good candidate because trough it we can test and study deeper the need for protection and safety. From the interviews we discovered that people who go biking strongly feel the
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problem of protection from bad weather conditions and they need to reach their objects every time they want, in the fastest and easily way, with few gestures and few parts of the body involved. Why it was chosen: it was chosen because it was the best prototype to test specific situations in which protection and safety are involved, but mostly it was a good test to understand movements which people are more comfortable to do in order to feel themselves as free as possible. Testing evidence: in the test we give to people the prototype explaining them only the function of the product, we ask them to wear the backpack and then we observe what they do with that, observing how they relate to the prototype. Test 1: 35 years old employee, father - go biking in summer
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- instinctively understand to pull the strings to raise the roof - "it should be longer, to better cover and a little bit higher because if ones have a hat it doesn't get stuck in it" - "the strings may be block in order to improve the stability" - "it could be comfortable" - "the pulling system are not so immediate, maybe a single string could be better, two strings are too complex. Because one have the backpack when he is already on bike, so you have to do the gesture with one hand." Test 2: 50 years old worker, go biking - use a bike to move in the city and to go to work - instinctively understand to pull the strings to raise the roof - instinctively tried to tie the strings in order to stop the structure - "it should be bigger" - "it could be comfortable to wear when I
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go biking and it rains. It is uncomfortable to go biking with umbrella so it's a good solution." Test 3: 42 years old housewife, mom - use bike to take her child to the park - instinctively understand to pull the strings to raise the roof - "Ah! It also covers the head!!!" - "Interesting!" - "I go by bike, so it could be useful" - "There are always backpack covers, but not something that can cover persons, so it's interesting!" - "if I would buy one, I would look at the aesthetic of the backpack, the type of the backpack (like colours and textures...)" - "I always use the front pocket and the inner pockets, but for example the external-lateral pocket, that I don't use, it would be uncomfortable with the structure" Test 4: 37 years old worker, goes by scooter - "it should be bigger"
- "Why it can cover only the head? I wish it can cover all the body. For example it could be a k-way or a raincoat with sleeves that came out the backpack, but in this case it might get dirty if I put it on the floor, so maybe it could be better to have a cloak which can be rolled in the backpack" - "There are already waterproof backpack and if it rains I wear a raincoat or a hat so I would not use this" Learnings, discoveries and failures: - People feel comfortable with the prototype - The gestures involved are intuitive and simple (but it could be more) - People are concern about / interested in protection - The protection is an important theme, people care about it - People wish the protection could be bigger and for all the body - People are concern with aesthetic also in technical product - People care about stability
How will this influence the design: this prototype can influence the design because tested people really appreciated the fact that the protection is both for the backpack and the person and that, with this product, they can protect themselves (and the backpack) from bad weather with a single objects involved. This consideration is directly linked to the previous found need for fast and easy access and few movements which can improve free movements.
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Design Visioning Module 3
“CLINT” PROJECT Sergio d’Amato Gianni Garaguso Francesco Micheletto Cristina Paleari Luca Prandoni