COLOR THEORY AND APPLICATION FOR THE BUILDING ENVIRONMENT
MARIANA PEGORETTI MATOS
COLOR THEORY TABLE OF CONTENTS 03-09
M1 COLOR + YOU
10-07
M2 COLOR + CULTURE
18
M3 COLOR + THEORY
19-23
M4 COLOR + DESIGNERS
24
M5 COLOR + PERCEPTIONS + BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE
25-30
M6 COLOR + FILM
31
M7 COLOR + RHYTHM + BALANCE
32-37
M8 COLOR + EMPHASIS + RETAIL
38-41
M9 COLOR + HOSPITALITY
42-47
M10 COLOR + WORKPLACE
48
M11 COLOR + PROPORTION + SCALE | UNITY + HARMONY
49
CONCLUSION
50
REFERENCE
HELLO
M.1
I’m Mar y, please to meet you!
03
A R C H I T E C T.
WIFE. Happily married for three years. As a girl, my biggest wish was to find someone worthy to share my life and my dream destination: Greece. This guy came into the picture, and make this dream and all the other ones come true
Used to spend long hours on a computer working with multiples software at the same time. You can find more pictures of houses than people on my cellphone. I believe that architects are visual creatures, who tell the story of a time and place through drawings.
WHO AM I ?
Parthenon GREECE
DREAMER. Constantly dreaming, my parents used to tell me that my head was always in the clouds. I see possibilities everywhere; we just need to be brave enough to embrace it. As it seems, I never intended to take my head off the clouds. 04
BACKGROUND
FROM BRAZIL – SANTA CATARINA THE LAND OF SAMBA, CARNAVAL AND CAIPIRINHA OI ! HI ! HOLA! CIAU!
SPEAK PORTUGUESE, ENGLISH, PORTUNHOL E UN PO’ DI ITALIANO CAPICHE?
LIVED IN FLORIPA (Brazil) – CHICAGO - MIA ALWAYS READY FOR THE NEXT ADVENTURE !
Oldest daughter from a traditional family, I grew up in a home surrounded by art. As a kid, my dad painted on canvas and walls. My mom was never skilled with design, but she had the passion. Through many interior design magazines, she introduced me and encourage me to become an
architect. 05
TIMELINE 2011
2006
1988
BORN IN DECEMBER 17 IN BRAZIL
D ESIG N?
2015
2016
DESIGNED MY OWN APARTMENT
GRADUATED, BECAME AN ARCHITECT
GOT INTO ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL
WH Y
2014
2011 - 2014 WORKED WITH CONTRUCTION
2017
2019
MOVED TO ANOTHER COUNTRY, ENGAGED WITH BUSINESS SCHOOL 2014 - 2016 WORKED WITH INTERIOR DESIGN
ENROLLED AT FIU
“ DESIGN IS NOT JUST WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE. DESIGN IS HOW IT WORKS” - STEVE JOBS 06
TRAVEL My favorite one! While traveling, I like to analyze the relation between
architecture and culture. I developed a pastime of collecting pictures of interesting doors that I found on my trips. I’m showing some of them in this slide, can you guess where are they from? In my perception, each one of them tells a history, and each ornament gives away a clue to find out where they belong.
TO TO TO TO
RELAX LEARN ENJOY EXPLORE
07
READ COOK TRAVEL THAT I HAVE
HOBBIES THAT I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE
EXERCISE MEDITATION 08
COLOR COLOR Blueberry Macaron COLOR
COLOR COLOR Another cute door COLOR
COLOR My whole house smells like lavender COLOR COLOR
Ultra Violet 18-3838
COLOR Broke my wrist using a purple jacket. And I got a COLOR purple cast ! COLOR
COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR 09
COLOR + CULTURE M2
How many colors can you spot? My culture and country is . . Brazil is all about colors. Starting from the land, where you can spot a single bird with multiple colors enhancing the beauty of our forest. The Araras are definitely my favorite bird. Every time that it takes fly, I find a different pattern of shapes and colors hiding among its wings.
10
BRAZIL Doors, always
FREVO ACARAJE BAIANAS IPANEMA COPACABANA FAROFA CHURRASCO NOVELA FUNK SERTANEJO CARNAVAL CACHACA 11 CAIPIRINHA SAMBA PAGODE FAVELA CAPOEIRA FUTEBOL COXINHA
TRADITIONS & FESTIVAL Our cultured is a blend of traditions from Portugal, Italy, Spain, and Netherlands, and all this mixed made us create our own identity. Each state has its own rituals rooted in its own history, so many celebrations only occur in a particular place and date. Surely Carnaval, soccer, and capoeira are the common ones, but I'm about to show that the lesserknown traditions are the best ones! WISH RIBBONS
PARITINS FESTIVAL AMAZONAS
BAHIA
CHIMARRAO
SANTA CATARINA RIO GRANDE DO SUL
JUNE’S PARTY
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TRADITIONS & FESTIVAL
JUNE’S PARTY Junes Party is a tradition from the South of Brazil, my hometown. The origins date back to Portuguese colonization, but we incorporated our own tradition. The festivity takes place in June when it is harvest season, so traditional dishes are all made with corn. The typical clothes are rural fashion, so everybody needs to dress up as farmers. Girls wear colorful dresses made from patchwork, paint freckles on their faces and do a ponytail on their hair. Boys wear shorts and braces. The popular dance is "quadrilha", usually dance around a bonfire at the end of the party. It's my favorite festivity, I never missed a year!
HOMETOWN SANTA CATARINA
Little “me” always wanted a pink dress
… 10 years later (keeping up with traditions!) 13
COLOR palette
My country is a mix of vibrant colors. The origin of the colors is from our fauna and its colorful birds. Their glow and feathers can usually be seen in costumes during Carnaval. The shades are vivid to contrast with the tan skin of our nation.
Blue stands for justice, and also represents our clean sky.
BAIANAS
Green is the most important color, emphasizing the Amazonas forest.
color
Brazil is a superstitions country that believes in the power of color. In the North, there are the "Baianas", a female character and the cultural symbol from the Sate of Bahia. They wear white dresses with colorful beads that represent their religion, the "Orixas". Wish wristband is also from Bahia. There is a belief that these bracelets grant wishes once they fall off your wrist. To wear them, you first pick up a color related to your wish (red for love, yellow for money, green for luck ...), tied them up on your wrist with 3 knots making one wish for each. Another big tradition where color is meaningful is on new years eve. The color you wear is related to what you want to attract to the next year. The popular color is white to bring peace, but you can see lots of girls wearing red, to attract love. I was wearing red when I met my husband in a New Years' eve party. So I'm proof that it really works!
Yellow represents the wealth of our country, our soil and gold reserve.
WISH RIBBONS
color
Red is a symbol of bravery, usually seen on uniforms. It also represents love.
ALL THE COLORS COME FROM OUR FAMOUS BIRDS, THE “ARARA AZUL” AND “ ARARA VERMELHA”.
CARNAVAL
SOME FRIENDS AND I, WEARING WHITE AND RED IN A NEW YEARS EVE PARTY.
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COLOR + CULTURE M2
I have chosen Greece to learn more about their culture and the use of color. I don't recall since when I started to be affectionate about this country. It may have been when I was young and watched the movie "Hercules" for the first time. My interest in ancient history just kept growing during time, and was one of the reasons why I decided to study Architecture. The fact is that visiting this country was the most amazing experience in my life. Sorry Brazil, but Greece have my heart!
All these shades of blue !!!
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GREECE
ALPHABET
SOUVLAKI
SANTORINI CRETE OLIVE ANCIENT
GIRO
ZANTE MARBLE
PATHERNON
COLUMNS
MILOS TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE
MIKONOS ATHENS ACROPOLIS GODS SEA 16 MYTHOLOGY HERCULES
GREECE
COLOR
palette Terracotta/gold express their land and means “fertility� .
BLOOD EGGS
Blue symbolizes truth and purity, emphasizing their crystal water .
color
Moreover, Greece's notorious blue has a powerful meaning. This color is presented in their popular lucky charm, the blue eye talisman. It is believed that this bead protects against the evil eye, or as they call "matiasma", a curse cast by a jealous person. The amulet is blue for being considered the color that wards off the evil eye, but there is also a contradictory belief that people with blue eyes are also the giver of "matiasma".
Violet and pink means balance and energy.
GREEK AMPHORA
color
When you think about Greece, the first color that comes to everybody's minds is blue. Surely the shades of blue reflect their crystal-clear waters and are spotted on each roof. If you have to guess a second color, I bet purple or pink will come to your mind, for being presented on their bougainvillea tree. After my visit to the country, the color that stuck to my mind was terracotta-gold. You can find the color panted on each amphora vase, their celebratory cup. It's the same shade as old marble, presented in all the Greek temples. Terracotta is also the color of their unforgettable sunset, that reflects on the lands, painting the whole scenario gold.
Red represents the blood of Christ and rebirth.
Another power use of color in Greece related to culture is during Easter, the most important holiday in the country. During the morning eggs are dyed in red, symbolizing the blood and sacrifice of Christ. The celebration is followed by a procession, flower decoration, church ceremony, and ends up with fireworks.
17 BLUE EYE TALISMA
M3
COLOR + THEORY
COLOR MATERIAL + LIGHTNING = HARMONY LIGHT IS THE KEY
REFLECTIONS
“Without light, there is no color”
Theory is unproved, a continuous study about a subject ISAAC NEWTON
* Color is the result of light
•
reflected off the surface of objects. Objects alone have no color of their own.
Discovered the refracted colors with a prism. Red, yellow and blue as primary colors. The mix of these delivers the other colors.
•
* As designers, we need to be
Created the 1st color wheel
aware of the physical conditions, because they can alter the visual perception of colors.
ALBERT H. MUNSELL •
* Avoiding mistakes: Take samples home and try them under different sources, * Neutral and lighter tones will have a greater color range than dark ones.
Munsell’s chart JOSEF ALBERS
* Objects with too many textures and too much glared makes hard to see the true color.
• •
Investigates illusion of color with papers How color interacts with the surroundings.
* Light produces warm and cold color temperature. The higher the color temperature, the cooler the light.
2700K
WARM
3000K
3500K
Created a 3D color system rotation: Hue, value and chrome. It represents the quality, purity and saturation of color.
Square shapes JOHANNES ITTEN •
4000K
COLOR TEMPERATURE
5000K
COOL
•
Color star
1st
to recognize human conditions in terms of biological physiology responses to color Focus on changing the environment and reproduce emotions.
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COLOR + DESIGNERS M4
CENTRE POMPIDOU RENZO PIANO RICHARD ROGERS
When I took this pic, my mom asked me why did I posed in front of a “horrid building”
Either from a layperson perspective or an architect, the Pompidou is a building that drags our attention. Considered by many an "ugly building", there is a powerful meaning behind all its colorful structure. I would not have expected less from the creators: Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers.
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Renzo Piano
DESIGNERS
Richard Rogers
BACKGROUND
CENTRE POMPIDOU
PARIS, FRANCE
Italian
Polytechnic University of Milan High-tech and Post-Modernist The Structural Engineer Peter Rice Centre Pompidou, The Shard, Kansai International Airport
Italian-British YALE University
High-tech and Modernist Hist father’s cousin, the architect Ernest Roger Centre Pompidou, 3WTC, Millennium Dome, T4 Madrid airport, T3 London airport
NATIONALITY
EDUCATION
Both architects won the elite "Pritzke Architecture Prize", referred to as the architecture's Nobel prize.
STYLE
INFLUENCES
MAJOR PROJECTS 20
PROJECT The concept was to develop a flexible layout inside the building, maximizing the space. To execute, the architects decided to remove the circulation and structure from the building core, and place it on the outside. The result is an exterior facade that looks like an exposed skeleton.
ANALYSIS
* 1971 Winner project of an international competition * The building was concluded in 1977
* Largest museum of modern art in Europe
Cultural Center
+ + +
Museum Library Music Center
* The complex has 7 floors + 3 underground floors.
. The building envelope is composed of glass, steel, and metal, showing transparency, strength and offering views from the city.
21
COLOR ANALYSIS
What strikes attention on the facade is the use of colors presented on the massive pipes on the outside. They resemble human arteries, which makes a parallel between the importance of the structure to the building, and the importance of arteries to the human body. Four vibrant tones were chosen to represent the vital essence of the building. They are painted in blue, green, yellow and red. Analyzing the color wheel is noticeable the approach of complementary colors. Considering the color psychology of the selection, these four colors united stands for power, ambition, safety, confidence, and intellect. Back in 1977, the Pompidou wanted to represent innovation, so the colors selected reinforces the architect's idea.
Yellow, Electricity
Blue, Air Conditioning
Structural use of colors adopted as color codes, represent the mechanic system
Tetradic color palette
Green, Water
Red, Horizontal and Vertical circulation
Tech companies' colors that stands for innovation
22
“Cities should not be boring or repetitive. One of the reasons cities are so beautiful and a great idea, is that they are full of surprises, the idea of color represents a joyful surprise." Renzo Piano
Creators and creation, back on 1977 and nowadays
"Both colors and architecture are expressions. Colors are components of our buildings, which help to divide functions and bring enjoyment."
Richard Rogers
CONCLUSION The vibrant colors presented on the Center Pompidou contrast with the surroundings and drag attention to the architect's beliefs: The mechanical system is a vital part of the building, so it should be enhanced. Piano and Rogers have a high-tech design style, where they both work with colors to emphasizes the beauty of the structure. The vibrant shades presented in their projects stand up as a monumental element. Understanding color representation is essential to our work as designers. I believe that the role of color in architecture is to promote stimulation, sharpening the user's senses. According to Piano's and Rogers' quotes, colors can bring "joy" to a boring place. Our work as a designer is to manipulate feelings, which we can easily do it by using the correct color palette. 23
M5
COLOR + PERCEPTIONS + BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES
REFLECTIONS
* Color reaction stimuli vary from person to person.
* Color response is personal, what one individual is attracted The other may be repulsed.
CULTURAL/GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION
MARKETING/RECOGNITION * Consumers scanned products in milliseconds. Bright colors sparks the buying impulse, soft colors indulge staying and red makes the user tense.
* Most popular color in Japan is red
HOW COLOR SPARKS INTEREST
FASHION INDUSTRY * Trendy colors introduced every year
COLOR INFLUENCE
HEALING
ALBERT H. MUNSELL
* Chromotherapy is the use of color to trigger emotions and treat the biological system. It has the power of stimulate the body and relieve diseases.
MEMORIES * An object or place can reproduce a strong psychological response
* Color and design : Color should be presented on the entire process. HOW TO MANIPULATE COLOR: EMOTIONS
Color affects our mood in the space, making the user stay longer or run away fast. Color preference changes according to culture, age and time.
SHAPE AND SIZE
Dark colors absorb and make the space feel smaller. Light color reflects and make the space look bigger. Yellow can bright, representing light. Shapes used in addition to color can enhance feelings
CONTRAST
Provide better understanding of the space, helping navigate safety through it. Contrast is created by just positioning different hues.
TIME
Exposition is the key. Some colors, like pink, has the power to alleviate a stressful symptom, but if the user is exposed during long hours, the symptom worsen. 24
M6
COLOR+FILM FILM ANALYSIS
SPOILER ALERT !
Trauma, love, sorrow, and obsession, are the feelings I noticed while watching this Hitchcock's intriguing movie. It all starts when Scottie, a former police detective, discovered he suffers from acrophobia, fear of heights. After renouncing, he is hired to investigate a friend's wife, Madeline, who has been behaving strangely. They fall in love during the investigation, and in the same sequence, they share their first kiss ... she dies. Convinced she is destinated to the same fate as her grandmother Madeline jumps from a tower, an outcome that Scottie could have prevented if it wasn’t for his afraid of height.
After spending some time in psychiatric care, Scottie meets Judy, a woman with a great resemblance to her beloved Madelaine. When they start to date, he suggests changes in the girl's physiognomy, making her look exactly like his previous lover. A twist of events reveal that "Judy" and "Madelaine" are in fact the same person, she was an actress hired to play a role in a murder plot. When Scottie brings Judy to the tower to confront her with the truth, his madness overcomes his fear of height, making him reaching the tower end. Unfortunately, Judy also met her end on that same tower.
THE END
25
TRAUMA The movie opened with a saturated blue sequence of Scottie as a police detective almost falling from the roof. The color evokes the sadness and unbalances of the character when he finds out about his Vertigo.
YELLOW + BLUE
COLOR+FEELINGS
The next scene goes straight to Midge apartment, his exfiancÊe and now a friend. The whole place and her sweater are yellow, the color of happiness and friendship. Scottie is always enclosed by mahogany, his clothes, tie, and the furniture surrounding him. Mahogany is a deep and shade of red, almost as if anticipating the next events ‌
Blue and yellow are a constant presence in the movie. Almost all the architectural space has a shade of pale yellow and every time Scottish is dealing with his conflicts, he has a piece of blue in him. It represents his daily routine and present moment. 26
COLOR+FEELINGS GREEN + RED
LOVE
B-R-I-L-L-I-A-N-T !
Madelaine appears for the first time at Ernie's restaurant, where a vibrant red background is showed in contrast with her green dress. The red represents love at first sight when Scottie sees her for the first time. Green is Madelaine's color, and at the beginning, it symbolizes renewal and rebirth, strongly related to the character who believes it is a reincarnation of her grandma. There is a repetition of saturated green elements that fallows her, as her accessories and her car. Moreover, one of the most iconic scenes takes place in Scottie's apartment, after he saved Madeleines from a suicide attempt. He appears wearing a green sweater, her color, and there is a presence of this hue in his house decoration, like if she already became part of him. She appears wearing Scottie red robe, representing his dominance over her. She sat by the fireplace where flames burned in contrast with her clothes, while she tells Scottie her secrets. With that red background enhancing her as the devil, I could sense that every world coming out of her mouth was a lie.
27
COLOR+FEELINGS
SORROW Midge drew a blue canvas of Madelaine's grandma with her face, in an attempt to win back Scottie. The sadness of the blue, adding the red sweater shows how desperate for love she is. The same color palette is presented on Scottie's nightmare right after the death of Madelaine. Sorrow and angry are taking control of him.
OBSESSION Green is Madeline's color and can also represent envy and faith in the movie sequence. Thefirst time Scottie finds Judy is was wearing green. When Judy's "transformation" of Madeline's is complete, a vibrant hue is presented. Judy's silhouette stands out as a ghost coming from the death.
28
COLOR+FEELINGS JUST A FEW MORE SCENES, BECAUSE I BECAME OBSSESED WITH THIS MOVIE! Midge last scene is in a sad blue corridor
“Judy” showing her identity in a red wallet, to prove that she is not Madeline
The only time Judy wears plain black, like she is ready to die …
By the way, She didn’t trick me!
THE COLOR OF THE ALTAR CHANGES from yellow to red, when Judy enters and face her death on the tower!
B-R-I-L-L-I-A-N-T ! 29
COLORS REPRESENTATION COMPLIMENTARY
COMPLIMENTARY
VERTIGO MOVIE PALETTE
Summing up, complementary colors drags the audience's eye and makes us wonder about the real intention behind. Takes with a vibrant dark tone produce a dramatic atmosphere. The blue of the sky or the ocean is widely presented in the background when the intended focus is the characters. There are two deaths in the movie, but no blood in the scene. The repetition of the red color appoints the violence in the story.
SIMILAR MOVIE APPROACH Green is the color that stuck in my mind while watching Vertigo, and my first thought was the straight connection to another tragic love story, "The Great Gatsby". In the movie, Gatsby wants to reach the green light on the house opposite to his deck, where his beloved Daisy lives. The color represents his hopes and dreams, and the spectral shade has the same intensity and intention of the Vertigo movie. Daisy is the "golden girl", so yellow is a constant color on the movie, presented in Gatsby's elements, like his car, another resemblance to Hitchcock’s work. By the way, Great Gatsby is also my favorite book of all time, and the cover has a sad face printed in blue!!! Another movie color connection is the epic Moulin Rouge. The takes where Satine is with the Duke, the shades are all deep sad blue. However, when her lover Christian appears, it all became red. Amazing how color switches along with our emotions while watching!
Gatsby
Mouling Rouge
30
COLOR + BALANCE - Order among chaos - Equilibrium between 2 forces - Symmetrical Vs Asymmetrical
ARTS+ SCULPTURE - Symmetry brings harmony
M.7
COLOR + RHYTHM REFLECTIONS BIO-INSPIRED DESIGN Nature as an inspiration of shapes, colors and patterns. Blue Ocean Sunset Orange Yellow behave Green leaf
- Visual scale + color weight
- Balance between forces (The dark side and the light) “STAR WARS�
xx
Visual Stimulation the interior environment PLAY WITH
There are 5 types of rhythm associated with color
AVOID -REPETITON: Identical shapes or colors | Gives Unity
A color palate with at least 3 colors and no more than 5.
Using only 1 hue in the color palate.
Illusions by amplifying or reducing the space feeling through colors. It is also possible to bring warm or cold control thought warm vs cold colors.
Color chaos while working with a palate with multiple colors, without contrast and balance.
Contrast can provide more stimulus. Hight contrast when safety is concern and low to control anxiety.
Tired ayes. Neutral and light colors re needed to give the eyes a rest.
-ALTERNATION: 2 or more elements repeated in sequence
-PROGRESSION: Repetition with change (increasing/decreasing) -CONTINUATION: Addition of 1 or more colors, to create continuity -RADIATION: Radial arrangement | visual movement - Proportion and symmetry is desirable and considerably more aesthetically pleasing ( Fibonacci sequence/Golden section)
Fibonacci sequence/ Golden section
31
M.8
EMPHASIS + RETAIL ANALYSIS
In retail design, the correct use of colors can attract customers and encourage sales. It can give emphasis to the product, enhance the brand and facilitate the navigation thought the space. The MIU MIU store in Tokyo has it all. Tokyo is well known for being an energetic city, where vibrant colors and textures are part of the Japanese culture. Matching the city’s atmosphere, the architects decided to use bright colors in their concept to bring attention to the inside and intrigue customers. Store location: Tokyo, Japan Architects: Herzog & de Meuron Area: 269m²/2895 ft² Year: 2015
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CONTRAST OF HUE
Complementary
. MIU MIU is well known for being trendy and playful, so the color palette was selected reflecting the brand concept. Vibrant shades of red and green are highly contrasted on design elements. The use of these two complementary colors creates a vibrant atmosphere in the store. Full saturated colors are also presented in the merchandised. To enhance the product displayed, red cushions adorn the shelves on the green walls. The color contrast also creates depth in the store. Green is used in aligned walls, while red walls are in the back. The green walls frame the red, inviting the customer to explore a more intimate space.
COPPER + RED
Cultural Center
Green + Red
Museum Library Music Center
Green frames Red
33
CONTRAST OF VALUE . The circulation path is set without the use of color, light and dark shades easily guides the customer thought the store. The combination gives the eyes a rest among the vibrant hues on the design composition. White shapes on the floor emphasizes the resting area, while black is used in the main surface. The use of black and white remove the customer attention on unimportant features, so their focus is set on the vibrant displays with merchandise. .
Circulation
Resting Area
34
CONTRAST OF A DESIGN FEATURE . MIU MIU store building has the shape of a closed box with a sliced open volume. The entrance is emphasized by the transition of materials from steel, on the outside, to coper on the inside. The change of components may be interpreted as a passage from the “ordinary” gray, to the “luxurious” gold. On the outside the steel edges are sharp, while transitioning to coper the corners became soft. The contrast of color and shape on the opening façade, frames the entrance of the store and invites the customer to enter. It brings attention to the inside, once the same material, copper, is repeated on design elements.
Another opening framing the copper backwall
Copper provides continuity and frames the space ( on the opening and the back of the store) 35
CONTRAST OF TEXTURE The red and green fabric adorning the walls and furniture have the same classic pattern stamped. It stands for luxury and gives a dramatic effect on the ambiance. It also brings harmony to the design, since the predominant colors are too bright, is better to combine materials to make them stand as one. Apart from the fabric, copper is presented on walls and on the furniture finishes, a material that evokes durability. Its rough metalic texture contrasts with the soft fabrics and vibrant hues. The ground is black and white carpet, bringing softness to the whole composition.
Green fabric
Music Center
Red fabric
Library
Copper
Museum
+
Black + white carpet
Cultural Center
36
FOCAL POINT
Cultural Center Museum Library
The stores vibrant colors are not presented in three elements: ceiling, stairs and floor. These elements are treated with the same shade of black. Among them, the stairs are the center of attention. It is composed as an element detaching from the ceiling, fallowing the same color, material and pattern. The visual impact is intensified by the surroundings: The side walls are green, directing attention to the center element. The background is copper, providing color contrast and matching composition with the faรงade. The composition of the faรงade is translucent, giving the impression that the steps are floating and emphasizing the sculptural shape of the steps .
Music Center
37
M.9
HOSPITALITY ANALYSIS
. If you are familiar with Philippe Starck work, you know when you step in one of his creations. The playful atmosphere and the use of bright hues hand over the designer on the W hotel in Brickell/Miami..
W HOTEL – BRICKELL
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W HOTEL - LOBBY . The W hotels are renowned for their playful young atmosphere, so naturally, the designer opted for playing along. The first awareness when entering the lobby is related to the furniture scale. The exaggerated proportion gives emphasis to the furniture details. The composition of long horizontal lines in the bench and the front desk breaks the vertical feeling of the double size floor and fills the empty space without fallowing furniture. White and gold are presented on renaissance style furniture, enhancing the nobility of the space. In contrast, seats made with wood reproduces a rustic atmosphere. The visual weight of the furniture is increased using marble and gold on the renaissance style furniture, looking luxurious and expensive. The nobility is enhancing pictures positioning on the floor as for fun, while the frame is empty on the wall. In contrast to the nobility, the materiality change on seats closes the fireplace, made of hardwood.
Color Palette:
Grey is the dominant hue, fallowing by gold and brown as sub dominant, and white and red as accent.
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W HOTEL - LOBBY The grey presented on walls and ceiling reduces the height of the space and creates a cozy atmosphere. Brown hue is visible on furniture and floor, contrasting with the faced columns brought from the building architecture.
Cultural Center Museum
The color contrast that drags more attention is the red neon light under the bench. The red color can represent passion, alluring the guests to gather, party and play. The white bench seems almost heavenly floating over the tempted diabolic light. Red also represents dangerous, glowing as a restriction and a warning.
Library Music Center
Red and white Playful atmosphere
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W HOTEL - SPA The spa is predominantly neutral. With an outstanding view from the outside, the interior design is composed of simple shapes and light colors, giving more importance to the scenario. The white marble and the light shade of blue in the pools give the impression of having an extension of the ocean. To break the length of the space, the pools facing the windows have a geometrical shape. The carrara marble on the floor matches the white in the ceiling, dragging attention to the bookshelf centralized in the pool. The vertical lines of the design, along with the hardwood material, strengthen this element. It’s a perfect balance of material and shape. The bookshelf has symmetry in lines and composition, the books positioned inside have the same order on each shelf. The white color brings lightness to the whole element. Yellow is the color that drags more attention, presented in the chandelier hanging on the center. The way is positioned, is a focal point that represents the sun shining inside the environment.
Balance, symmetry focal point and a touch of light!
Color Palette: White is the dominant hue, fallowing by brown and light blue as sub dominant, and yellow and grey as accent. 41
M.10
WORKPLACE ANALYSIS
. Adobe is a company that stands out for creativity. The main color brand is red, associated with energy and passion. Their headquarters in San Francisco has a different color pallet, but the playful elements are all over there.
W HOTEL – BRICKELL
42
OFFICE ENTRANCE . On the office entrance, there is a portal in a dark shade framing the hall. The same alignment on the floor fallows to the wall, marking a physical space in gray and framing the company logo. The enclose composition emphasizes the focal point, enhancing the company name. The contrast of value is visible, since the floor sequence is in a light shade of gray.
Focal point A
The geographic texture on the wall, and the red violet hue on the seats breaks the monotony and creates a playful atmosphere.
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RESTING AREAS
Colors and shapes cover the floor and furniture, without the use of texture. On a brick building with exposed structure, plain colors offer a clean visual, adding more value to the shapes. The bright blue hue on corridors guide users to resting areas. The furniture in this linear space has a connection with the floor through colors. The geometrical lines on the floor are reproduced on the furniture, and the furniture color is replicated on the carpet pattern. This playful atmosphere brings harmony and balance to the design. The light shade on the seating has no visual weight, making the straight area feel light. 44
RESTING AREAS Purple is also presented in resting areas and some spots on the decoration. The office furniture is predominant in grey, contrasting with the bright hue presented on the floor. The carpet color frames a space without the use of walls. The wood table in the center matches the material presented in the building structure. The whole composition is visual light, because even using a bright hue, the geometrical shapes are straight and harmonious. The focal point is on the hanging pendent, that event without a strong light power, the effect is amplifying by the value of contrast: the white dot in a dark ceiling.
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DINNING
There are two dinning’s in the office: one with a kitchen in magenta, and the other a cafeteria in blue. The first one is marked by horizontal lines, that guides our attention to the outside window. There is symmetry in the composition, and a bit of color is added to create another space. Magenta wraps the floor, ceiling, and wall, emphasizing the communal area with straight lines and a bright hue. The blue cafeteria doesn’t have any windows and the layout is asymmetrical. There is a predominance of blue in this space applied to multiple shapes, so our eyes don’t go straight to any particular form. In one corner, a blue booth invites the user to explore a more intimate atmosphere.
Bright colors in the dining space are a great technique to boost creativity since it is known that when the brain rests the imagination flows. The designers played with shapes and hues and created a well-balanced composition.
Focal point
Integration
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COLOR PALETTE
Analogous The colors used in the design conception marks a space without the use of walls. The geometrical pattern on the floor contrast with the furniture shade and the structure of the building. Balance and harmony is presented in the whole composition The color palette is analogous, where blue is the base color. This hue has dominance in the circulation path and getting also inside workrooms. Blue is associated with wisdom and confidence, matching the company's believes. Purple and magenta are secondary colors. They are applied to details and used on architecture elements to drags the user's attention. The bright colors strengthen the brand values. The combination is cheerful and inspiring, matching the company aspirations. The composition creates a playful atmosphere where the employees can unwind and boost their creativity. 47
M11
COLOR + PROPORTION + SCALE COLOR + UNITY + HARMONY REFLECTIONS
Proportion:- the relation between elements + scale
Unit:- repetition of color to achieve a whole
Scale:- size of a shape in relation to another unit
Harmony – balance between color and shape
Color composition in the space
60% - 70% dominant colors
Seven color harmonies:
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Complementary Split complementary •
Grid: easy wall to work with proportion and find balance
Pallet color composition: Chose 1 to 5 color and choose their hierarchy and dominance
20% - 30% sub dominant colors
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Triadic and Tetradic •
10%-20% accent colors
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Analogous
Multi-hue Monochromatic
Achromatic schemes
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COLOR THEORY CONCLUSION Its always hard to start in a blank canvas, but our aim as designers is to project a positive impact on the environment. We use a large selection of tools during the creative process, where every choice has an impact on our design intent.
Color is a key-tool that when well manipulated, can intensify intentions, boost sales and represent feelings. Combined with shapes and textures they tell the history of the space and give meaning to the composition.
While taking "Color Theory" this quarter, I became aware of my surroundings. My perceptions changed once I understood how to play and manipulate colors to match my intentions. The impact of colors changes the way we perceived the environment. It certainly made me become more critical about my enclosing.
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REFERENCES COLOR + CULTURE • https://globalstorybook.org/unique-customs-traditions-brazil/ • https://www.sensationalcolor.com/bahia-bands-color-meaning/ • https://theculturetrip.com/south-america/brazil/articles/festa-juninacelebrating-the-brazilian-harvest/ • https://www.mysteriousgreece.com/about-greece/generalinformation-greece/traditions/ • https://www.greeka.com/greece-culture/traditions/ • http://www.ancientworldalive.com/single-post/2017/06/08/TheColors-of-the-Ancient-Greeks-and-Romans
HOSPITALITY • https://blog.kmpfurniture.com/2019/03/iconic-giants-miamiscityscape-icon-brickell-icon-south-beach/ • https://investinmiami.com/icon-brickell/ • https://www.bocadolobo.com/blog/exclusive/discover-best-designprojects-philippe-starck/ WORKPLACE
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https://www.archdaily.com/502543/adobe-410-townsendvalerio-dewalt-train-associates
COLOR + DESIGNERS • https://www.archisoup.com/richard-rogers-architectural-career • https://www.thoughtco.com/renzo-piano-pritzker-winning-architect177867 • https://www.thoughtco.com/richard-rogers-architect-lord-ofriverside-177871 • https://www.detea.es/en/the-importance-of-colour-in-architecture/ • https://www.oberlo.com/blog/color-combinations-cheat-sheet • https://www.domusweb.it/en/architecture/2010/06/08/central-stgiles-by-renzo-piano-in-london.html • https://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/article/1503332/renzocolours-london COLOR + EMPHASIS • • •
https://www.contractdesign.com/projects/retail/miu-miu/ https://www.archdaily.com/614983/miu-miu-aoyama-store-herzogand-de-meuron https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Flive.stat icflickr.com%2F8834%2F17385126015_3305988662_b.jpg&imgref url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fdaciangroza %2F17385126015&tbnid=RqSjGn3z379G8M&vet=12ahUKEwiEyo uimYboAhWSsFMKHY6fCioQMygNegUIARDzAQ..i&docid=Pmr6 WDqG8f8OSM&w=1024&h=819&q=miu%20miu%20store%20japa n%20archdaily&ved=2ahUKEwiEyouimYboAhWSsFMKHY6fCioQ MygNegUIARDzAQ
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