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KE
T EP I THE FA
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T C S E J O O
THE REINVENTION FOR THE COMMUNITY OF NORTHERN SOUL
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T C S OU E J O L• PR AUTHOR
MARK HUGHES PUBLISHED
ISSUU NOVEMBER 2012
ISSUE NUMBER 02 PROJECT SOUL
is helping to develop the creative
idea’s of the Architectural Technologist. Information regarding the client’s brief and precedent studies will create a definitive design outcome.
Client’s Brief Page
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Schedule of Accommodation Page
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Feasibility Study Page
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Precedent Studies Page
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Material Study Page
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Design Guidelines Page
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Technologies Page
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DESIGN BRIEF
The following brief was written as a proposal for the reinvention of the Wigan Casino. The information also refers to items included in the module A0 3037.
PROJECT MISSION Soul is something in all of us, a feeling that starts deep within you and builds up to create a warm and happy feeling. Inspire and stimulate both the old and the new generations of the Northern Soul Community, and signal the return of the once great Wigan Casino. CLIENTS REQUIREMENTS The renowned Wigan Casino was voted as the world’s greatest disco and led to one of the most influential movements in the history of dance music. With this being acknowledged the client would like a contemporary approach to the reinvention of a classic venue. The terms used by previous visitors stated the venue as being “a dump and nasty” but the experience was the primary reason for visiting. The client would like the building be a showcase for the genre of music it is primarily based upon, but also an ideal location for other people to do concerts or even small gigs. The ideal scenario would be to use approximately just under half of the site for the mixed-use proposal and green (public) space, and possibly use the other part of the site for an accommodation proposal, allowing visitors to the building to have the choice of staying on the site. The following list has been compromised to show the possibility of spaces to be included in any design proposal: •
Sprung dance floor
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Office space
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Changing rooms with showers and lockers
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Toilets
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Selling space for records and stalls, clothing and accessories
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Dressing rooms
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Swimming pool
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Concert hall
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Bus stop/coach stop
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Studio
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Car parking (existing and new proposals)
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Waste and refuge areas
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Public transport access
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Lifts and extra stairwells (fire)
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Restaurant
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Plant and service rooms
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Seating areas
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Micro generation on site
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Viewing points/platforms/mezzanines
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Security
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Sleeping accommodation
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Bar
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Garden areas
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Exhibition Space
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Storage (cleaning cupboards etc)
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Delivery Access
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Entrance to separate areas via different areas
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Communal Areas
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2000 People capacity
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Connection of Spaces
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Gig space
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Smoking Areas
The clients aspirational thoughts for the project are to include the possibility of the building being functioned during the week for many different projects, that are diverse in subject matter, whether that is shows or even just the possibility of training facilities for external teams to meet. The design needs to allow open plan, but also have the functionality to close the spaces off for various user needs. The use of natural light has also been requested to diminish the need for artificial lighting and reduce the overall energy wastage. The addition of eco friendly products and passive design strategies will also help the user to communicate with the spaces. USER REQUIREMENTS The user requirement of the building is focused on the title “Space to Live”. This means that the users should interact with the space in different ways depending upon the reason for entering the building. The idea of compact living is very distinct, yet the features could be transformed in to ideas on a larger scale allowing for a building to become interactive with users. The ability to create space from what appeared to be thin air, could be a very intuitive way to create a user friendly environment. The design principles of creating spaces vertically and horizontally will allow the user to interact with the space in a three dimensional perspective through the use of sight lines and objects/sculptures passing through levels. A mixture of ‘compact living’ elements and open areas will create an interesting and diverse space allowing the mind to change when it meets
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different user functionalities. When thinking of a space to “live” in, then the users connection to the area could be in a different perspective to the functional and operational approaches. The term “live” could be approached from different angles, depending upon the event occurring, as the primary function of the building is a club in which all nighters transpire, allowing the user to be free for the entire night. ‘Live’ performances from travelling artists and comedians, could also create a separate user experience, as the area will be compact. The ability to move from space to space will also be a specific user requirement that will need fine tuning, as the restaurant, bar area and dance floor will need to have easy access routes, creating one seamless and enjoyable night. DESIGN VISION The aspiration for the overall project is to create a building for not only the Northern Soul community to be proud of but also for Wigan to enjoy as a building that could be used in for many different purposes. The building needs to allow the user to be able to move between spaces as if they were one, and create a path that would evoke an emotion. The need for moving between spaces also has to have relevant design strategies to make the environment comfortable, through the means of passive design strategies and the use of micro-generation. This could be the inclusion of eco principles, in terms of energy efficiency of the building and the overall consumption of energy. The site is in an excellent location to allow for eco systems to be put in place. The orientation of the site allows for the use of passive light (borrowed) techniques may also come in useful with the addition of two basement levels and allowing light to penetrate through a deep plan without using to much glazing on certain facades, and possibly solar panels and rainwater harvesting during the different months of the year. I am planning to include communal green areas in to the structure to allow meeting places that relate to the separate parts of the building. This could be done using roof terraces or even open areas lower in the building. WHOLE LIFE BRIEF The building as a whole has the ability to last for as long as it is required. The major plan is to allow the venue to be mixed use, incorporating the likes of bars, restaurants and concert space. The design of the building should allow for the movement of any external and internal walls in relation to becoming a diverse building for many people to enjoy. If retail space is also scheduled in to the design program then those spaces will be open to change if businesses do go in to liquidation. If the building became vacant, then the management team that decided to try a new venture for the building would ideally be a private sector client that has the same aspirations for the structure, as the previous client/owner that had the design completed. This does not mean that the building be primarily used as a club venue but has the option to change to gallery space and any other art that the new user felt necessary to best utilise the freedom the structure allows. The principle of the design should also allow the building to be demolished in a relatively easy manor, as the majority of the fixings shall be dry and moveable. The building will create a legacy as the evolution of it’s users will redefine the entirety of the space to meet the current needs.
SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION
Primary Function
External
Areas
Secondary Areas
The schedule of accommodation is developed to help the designer create a spacial awareness for the project and understand the progression through the building, as the majority of areas will be listed and given approximate size requirements. Communication with the client during the initial stages will help the designer understand the users needs.
ENTRANCE
PEDESTRIAN
The entrance should accommodate the ease of access
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
from both the car parking facilities and the public access from the bus or train station.
PARKING
CYCLIST
Total Parking approximately 50
Total Cyclist approximately 10
spaces
spaces
ACCESS
ATRIUM
TOILETS
STAIRS
The atrium should act as the gateway to the building being grand and open but allowing accessibility to all. The
ENTRANCE ATRIUM TOILETS SECURITY CLEANING
80.00 30.00 10.00 10.00 130.00 sq.m
RESTAURANT RESTAURANT STORAGE KITCHEN SEATING TOILETS STAFF AREA FREEZER CLEANING MERCH AREA TILL OFFICE BAR SMOKING WASTE
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15 40 250 30 40 5 10 10 2 15 30 20 20 487 SQ.M
SEATING
SECURITY
ELEVATORS
connection of spaces should be easy to understand.
ESCALATORS
SEATING
TOILETS
STAIRS
Total Area = 130 m2
The restaurant will be open most days of the week and therefore should be a prime
CHECKOUT
SECURITY
ELEVATORS
location to have customers eating before doing anything else. The area should be open and allow a lot of light to make the
KITCHEN
CLEANING
ESCALATORS
space feel larger.
Total Area = 487 m2
MERCHANDISE AREA
STORAGE
PEDESTRIAN
WASTE
SMOKING
PARKING
STAFF AREA
BAR
SMOKING
OPERATIONS OPERATIONS EXEC. CHIEF DEPUTY MAN. TRAINING AREA INVENTORY MAN. OWNER/MANAGER PURCHASING ACCOUNTING SECURITY MAIN STAFF AREA TOILETS REST. MAN STORAGE CLEANING
15 15 25 10 20 20 15 20 40 10 10 15 10 225 SQ.M
RETAIL RETAIL SHOPS CAFÉ STORAGE DELIVERY TURNING CIRCLE TOILETS OFFICE
1200 40 200 400 314 30 50 2234 SQ.M
CLUB CLUB DANCEFLOOR BAR SMOKING TOILETS STORAGE VIP SEATING WASTE
1225 30 30 40 20 20 30 20 1415 SQ.M
BAR MAIN BAR SEATING BAR TOILETS STORAGE CLEANING MERCH AREA SMOKING WASTE
195 SQ.M 50 15 30 20 20 10 30 20
STAFF AREA
ACCOUNTING
CLEANING
ELEVATORS
RESTAURANT MAN.
OWNER/ MANAGER
TOILETS
ESCALATORS
PURCHASING
SECURITY MAIN
STORAGE
STAIRS
INVENTORY MAN.
TRAINING AREA
CHIEF EXEC.
DEPUTY MAN.
SHOPS
OFFICE
The operations department will house all the offi ce based duties that will coordinate with running the building. An open plan element is preferred when designing the layout, with the opportunity for the managers to have separate areas.
Total Area = 225 m2
CLEANING
The retail section of the building will exit on to Market Place connecting the
CAFE
TURNING CIRCLE
TOILETS
existing retail space with the proposed. The facade must be complimentary to the existing materials used in Wigan.
DELIVERY
STORAGE
BAR
SEATING
TOILETS
VIP
DELIVERY
STORAGE
DANCE FLOOR
WASTE
SMOKING
BAR
SEATING
TOILETS
MERCHANDISE AREA
Total Area = 2234 m2
DRESSING ROOMS The club will house the dance floor and have the stage for any live performances.
Total Area = 1615 m2
The bar will be independant from the main club room but link to both the restaurant and the dance floor.
DELIVERY
STORAGE Total Area = 195 m2
WASTE
SMOKING
OVERALL FLOOR AREA = 4886 m2
FEASIBILITY STUDY The year of 2012 marks the 39th anniversary of the legendary Wigan Casino and the scene is still going
Available Sources for Northern Soul
strong with events taking place across Europe on a regular basis. The main website to use to fi nd any
Events...
upcoming Soul event is currently ‘soul-source’, as this includes every known Northern Soul event. www.soul-source.co.uk The Grand Arcade in Wigan is a large retail development currently in use on the site, but the proposal to develop a reinvention of the Wigan Casino would have the same outcome in terms of job opportunities
www.soulovereasy.co.uk
and also create an attraction to Wigan Town Centre allowing the building to create interest in the town once again. There is an anniversary event each year held in the Grand Arcade to commemorate the
www.goldsoul.co.uk
past memories of the Casino Club. The chance to go and dance to Northern Soul has moved to numerous locations now with diff erent events every week. The chance for Wigan Casino to be re-built will allow the ‘Soulites’ to go to the most famous of Northern Soul venues. The opportunity to design and reinvent the Wigan Casino will have a major eff ect on the market, as it will attract people from all over the world to come back and dance in the legendary venue. The ability to make the necessary changes will also allow the venue to progress with the inclusion of retail space and more user friendly areas, such as showers and cloakrooms to store the necessary items.
UNITED KINGDOM VENUES BLACKPOOL
BLACKBURN
PADIHAM
2012 (remaining)
2012 (remaining)
2012 (remaining)
Sat 17th Nov
Sat 24th Nov
Mon 31st Dec
Sat 24th Nov
Sun 23rd Dec
Flyer taken from www.soul-source.co.uk
STOKE
Sat 01 Dec 2013
2012 (remaining)
Mon 31st Dec
Sat 28th Sept
Sat 24th Nov
(Wigan Casino 40th anniversary)
Sun 25th Nov
2013
Sat 1st Dec
Fri 4th Jan
BURNLEY
Fri 14th Dec
Sat 26th Jan
2013
Sat 22 Dec
Fri 1st Feb
Sat 12th Jan
Sat 9th Feb
Sat 16th March
2013
Sat 23rd Feb
Sat 13th Jul
Sat 2nd March
Sat 30th March
Sat 20th Jul
The list of dates above outlines the future soul events in just a handful of locations around the UK. The majority are in Lancashire but other areas have their own events with many left in 2012 and more to follow in the new year.
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Dates taken from www.soul-source.co.uk
Sun 30th Dec
England Blackpool Burnley
Padiham
Preston
Primary Venue
Blackburn
Wigan Manchester
Secondary Venue Stoke
London
Map representing most common venues in England from the 1970’s through to present day.
PRECEDENT STUDIES The following precednt studies will show examples of many types of buildings, including: mixed-use, commercial, offi ce, bars, restaurants dance halls. The evidence of details and relevant information will help to determine the fi nal outcome in terms of the design of the building and the usability.
OFFICE STUDIES Building: Krogmann Headqurters Designers: Despang Architekten
The Headquarters Krogmann in Lohne-Kroge, Germany, by Despang Architekten investigates the numerous characteristics and fundamental opportunities inherent within wood and exhibits a modern approach to the craftsmanship of traditional German vernacular. The building is orientated with a large glazed facade on the southern elevation to use sloar gains during the summer.
Information retrieved from www.archdaily.com
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Section: South to North
Detail: Knife Edge
North Elevation
Section: East to West
Detail: Hidden Gutter
Steel Frame
Information retrieved from www.archdaily.com
OFFICE STUDIES CONTINUED Building: Congresso Nacional dos MunicĂpios Designers: Luis Eduardo Loyola and Maria Cristina Motta
The action plan adopted for the design of the new building is based in some fundamental assumptions: the land use gives emphasis on integration of users with the built landscape; the organization / hierarchy of the ground fl oor should strengthen its function as the main local of convergence; preference for a clear and rational structural system that will guarantee speed and economy in construction; a sustainable building.
On environmental issues: increase the thermal performance of the building by reducing heat production with the use of an outer basin in the roof fl oor (refl ecting pool); use of brise soleil protecting the offi ce areas of direct sunlight incidence; air-ventilated façades; cross-ventilation in all areas allowing a reduction of air conditioning use; rainwater will be collected and directed to storage tanks and subsequently reused for irrigation and toilets; Extensive use of day lighting.
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Building: Drents Museum Designer: Erick Van Egeerat
Emerging from its restraint, the design becomes a dominant presence. Despite this, the design does not stand in the way of potential exhibitions. All the classic elements that a museum should have are implemented carefully. By reversing the routing, i.e. by turning the Koetshuis into the entrance and adding an underground museum space, the Drents museum itself becomes part of
the exhibition. In this way, the history of the museum remains intact, but the premises get an entirely new look. In addition, the garden is an interesting complement to the existing park in the vicinity. In terms of urban planning, the project is extremely strong.
Building: Trollstigen National Tourist Route Designer: Reiulf Ramstad Architects
The project will enhance the experience of the Trollstigen plateau’s location and nature. Thoughtfulness regarding features and materials will underscore the site’s temper and character, and well-adapted, functional facilities will augment the visitor’s experience. The architecture is to be characterised by clear and precise transitions between planned zones and the natural landscape. Through
the notion of water as a dynamic element –from snow, to running and then falling water- and rock as a static element, the project creates a series of prepositional relations that describe and magnify the unique spatiality of the site.
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Building: House NA Designer: Sou Fujimoto Architects
Designed for a young couple in a quiet Tokyo neighborhood, the 914 squarefoot transparent house contrasts the typical concrete block walls seen in most of Japan’s dense residential areas. Associated with the concept of living within a tree, the spacious interior is comprised of 21 individual floor plates, all situated at various heights, that satisfy the clients desire to live as nomads within their
own home. Described as “a unity of separation and coherence”, the house acts as both a single room and a collection of rooms. The loosely defined program and the individual floor plates create a setting for a range of activities that can take place at different scales.
MATERIAL STUDY Natural and artifi cial materials are two distinctions that are commonly used together. Most would assume that the ‘natural’ materials are more healthy and a lot more economical than ‘artifi cial’ produce. The development of artifi cial products has progressed from combining the knowledge of other technologies available, and with this in mind, the exploitation of the potential of the natural resources has created many intelligent products. It seems that nowadays the demand for technical solutions through material choice is not a great enough quality, as the demand for intelligence and sensations are yearned.
Wood Concrete
Metal
Light
Materiality
Glazing
Composites
Masonary Plastics Textiles
The following material study will coincide with the design procedures and choices that may develop over time when facing possible restrictions due to cost or feasibility of material.
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Structure The primary structure will consist of a steel frame running at either four to six metre grids. This will depend on the proposed orientation of the building in relation to the site and also be affected by the internal grid. The structure will primarily be on the exterior of the building as the internal space is required to be open plan. The beam structure within the steel frame will be glulam on the floors, and the roof may be castellated beams. A suspended timber floor over the majority of the building will also allow for electrical installations to be easily accessible. Services for heating and cooling will go through the castellated beams in the centre of the floor.
Foundations Concrete pile foundations with piling cap Base plate to connect steel columns to foundation Retaining walls for basement levels Gabion Walls also a posiibility
External Wall There will be double facade system on the external wall to help with passive design strategies. The incorporation of an active facade that can be operated by the users will help to utilise the passive gains. Curtain walling will be have a primary usage on the north facade as it will allow natural daylight to penetrate in to the building. The build up of the wall will also be done using dry construction techniques in order to help with the buildings components being recyclable. The primary build up will mainly be composed of OS Boards on the internal face, with metal stud work being the secondary structure, allowing for an air gap to keep a ventilated space. The insulation may be between 100 - 200 mm thick. Plywood is a more suitable material for the external face before damp proofing the facade. The options of rainscreen cladding are being thoroughly scrutinized.
Glazing Glazing systems to be triple glazed to maximise the efficiency of the window areas. A mixture of Pilkington Glass and Planitherm will help to resist UV rays and the overheating of important spaces. The frames will primarily be aluminium.
Possible Materials Aerogel - The use of this material could be used in less important areas of the building as it acts as a sound and thermal layer when included in between panes of glass. The material is not yet fully transparent, so when the glazing needs to be transparent this material would not be applied. Alucobond - Possible external cladding material or interior surfaces Ceramics - Mainly used for flooring finishes Copper - Roofing material Zinc - Roofing Material Carbon Fibre - Internal decor Lucem Concrete - Internal Spaces or curtain walling Metisse Insulation Smart Glass Stolotusan
DESIGN GUIDELINES The first steps in planning a building with optimised energy use and room climate must involve decisions about the building concept, skin and technical services. The choices to be made when considering the building concept are related to heating and cooling of the building as well as any other potential problems, such as noise and fire safety. How should the building be designed during the concept stage... There are many things to consider but the most important elements will follow: •
Orientation
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Building Position
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Building Height
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Building Shape
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Facade Concept
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Proportion of Window Area
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Solar Screening and positioning
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Glazing Quality
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Insulation Standards
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Air change rates in summer and winter
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Pre-heating supply air in winter
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Ventilation Strategies in summer and winter
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Thermal Mass Storage
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Positioning of rooms (corner or through rooms)
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Thermally activated components
Conditions Noise entry Building Height
Ventilation Concept
Ventilation System
Ventilation Openings
Ground Conditions Energy Generation Climate Orientation
Facade Concept
Room Conditioning
Requirements
Insulation Glass
Ventilation Type Solar Screening Temperature Limits Building Shape
Spatial Division
Construction
Installation
PRELIMINARY DESIGN
FINAL DESIGN
DETAILED DESIGN
Flexibility
CONCEPT
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TECHNOLOGIES Technology, when used in conjunction with a structure, can help to produce a sustainable project. The concept designs for the building are very important as they will outline the specific details required in order to produce a functioning building. Natural light has to be a focus of the design meeting user requirements and comfort needs, but the inclusion of technology could help to control the interior climate. The main functions to consider when thinking about technological influences are the facade and interior functions. The facade in the summer and the winter in relation to heating, cooling and ventilation may need technology to assist air flow through the building.
TECHNOLOGY Active Technology Solar Shading Solar Cells - Photovoltaics and Hot water Glare Reduction Insulation Glazing Heat Storage (thermal mass) Natural Light Redirection Systems Passive Design The orientation of the building will influence how the building reacts to the climate and with design choices considered at the concept stage of the project.
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F OR R U O E Y AD K N I A