MARTA KARLOVA B.Arch.Sci
Portfolio 2013
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Mechanical Equipment Layout
Queen St. Community Centre
34
50
A Poet’s Getaway
Bathroom for an OCD Patient
Light Community
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Tectonics
14 Wind Analysis
Integration
CONTENTS Residence at Gerrard and George Detail Analysis
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16
Renewable Energy Sources
20
TDT Student Residence and Theatre 26
Geometer’s Studio
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High Park Arts Centre
48
Winery on the Bench
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Integration
RESIDENCE AT GERRARD AND GEORGE Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Duration: 6 Months Course: ASC 520, ASC 620 Design Studio Instructors: Jeff Geldard, Russell
Despite being located in the downtown core, George St. and Gerrard St. intersection lacks the feeling of vibrant city life. This is mainly due to the proximity of Seaton House, the largest homeless shelter in the city of Toronto. As a means of enhancing the public life in the area, a mixed-use complex was designed. The podium of the building houses commercial occupancies and condominium amenities, and extends in an L-shape along the two streets in order to promote pedestrian flow. The condominium portion is located in the tower. It houses a mixture of affordable and marketable units.
Richman 10 m
5
FLOOR PLANS
Parking GFA = 3799m2 NFA = 3407 m2
Commercial GFA= 1803 m2
Cafe NFA= 118 m2
Parking Upper Level Plan
Retail NFA= 206 m2
1m 2m
5m 10m
Ground Floor Plan
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Offices NFA = 427 m2
Daycare NFA = 61 m2
1m 2m
5m
1m 2m
Adult learning centre 2 NFA 10m= 107.5m
5m
Clinic NFA = 66.4 m2
1m 10m
Second Floor Plan
2m
5m 10m
Third Floor Plan
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Needle Exchange Program facility NFA = 29.6 m2
Residential tower GFA = 6253 m2 NFA = 4443 m2 1m 2m
Amenities GFA = 1087.9 m2 NFA = 780.5 m2 5m
Lobby NFA = 109 m2 1m
10m
Fourth Floor Plan
2m
5m 10m
Ninth Floor Plan
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UNIT LAYOUTS
Bachelor Units
Two Bedroom Unit
One Bedroom Units
Three Bedroom Unit
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ELEVATIONS
East Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation
South Elevation
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30 100
100
152
100
100
12,7
25
250
49
100
11
50
208
350
500
Large Project Step 5
Scale 1:5
Section through parapet at green roof
A-1
Detail Marta Karlovaof a Green Roof Parapet 500275254 Scale 1:10 April 16, 2012
LargeLarge Project Project Step 5Step 5
Scale Scale 1:5 1:5
SectionSection throughthrough windowwindow at towerat tower
A-5 A-5
Detail of a Typical Residential Window
Marta Karlova Marta Karlova 500275254 500275254 April 16, April 201216, 2012
Scale 1:10
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The wall system, chosen for the residential portion, is comprised Gypsum BATT Board 12.5insulation mm of ORIGINAL steel ASSEMBLY: studs with between them, a layer of Steel Stud Backup Wall with Air Cavity, 6� or 152 mm exterior insulation, and precast OSB Sheathing 12.5 mm concrete panels as cladding. While Vapour Retarder the amount of thermal bridging minimized due to the exterior Exterior Rockwool Insulation,is 60mm Precast Concrete Panel, 100 mm insulation; such a wall system may be difficult to construct and it will add to the amount of dead load the structure has to carry. This is especially undesirable due to the complex form of the tower. Thus, a new envelope system was reviewed. The cladding is lightweight aluminum panels, which are attached to the backwall through a layer of insulated sheathing, which allows to reduce the thermal bridging due to mechanical fasteners.
Diagram of thermal bridging. Lighter colours signify higher conductivities and therefore, greater heat transfer through certain elements. Original Assemby
Scale 1:5 IMPROVED ASSEMBLY
Gypsum Board 12.5 mm Vapour Retarder Steel Stud Backup Wall with Fibreglass BATT Insulation, 6� or 152 mm OSB Sheathing 12.5 mm Z-channels with Exterior Rockwool Insulation, 100mm Roxul ComfortBoard Sheathing Aluminum Cladding with Ventilated Air Cavity
Scale 1:5
Improved Assemby
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WIND ANALYSIS Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Duration: Course: BSC 820 Building Science Studio Instructor: Ramani Ramakrishnan
The focus of the project was to analyze wind effects on a singlefamily residential building in Mississauga, Ontario. The residence was designed by ATA Architects, who provided the construction drawings and the Revit file in order to facilitate the analysis. Findings regarding the effects of wind are outlined below with corresponding simulation images.
Winter (December 21st- March 20th)
(Autodesk Ecotect Analysis, 2010)
Spring (March 21st- June 20th)
(Autodesk Project Vasari, 2012)
In winter, predominant wind directions are 45o, 67.5o and 90o, meaning that the wind is coming from Southwest
(Autodesk Ecotect Analysis, 2010)
(Autodesk Project Vasari, 2012)
In the spring, predominant winds flow from SW, NW, NE and E. Most common wind direction is 135o.
Planting a buffer to the Southwest proves to be a viable solution for reducing the effects of wind in the colder months. Purple and blue areas indicate low velocities and zero velocities. Bur Oak, Eastern White Cedar and Red Maple are advised for use as environmental buffers.
(Autodesk Project Vasari, 2012)
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Simulation of the existing building shows areas of high wind pressure on the south facade and the southwest corner of the chimney.
Velocity vs Heat Transfer per hr 2.00
R² = 0.9948 R 0.9948
1.50
Velocity vs Heat Transfer h per hr
1 00 1.00
Linear (Velocity vs Heat Transfer per hr)
0.50 0.00 0
5
10
Annual Heat transfer [kWh]
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Annual Moisture transfer [kg]
700.00
500.00
600.00
400.00
500.00 400.00
300.00
300.00
200.00
200.00
100.00
100.00 0.00 1.4
3.8
6.2
8.5
11.1
13.5
14.2
0.00 1.4
3.8
6.2
8.5
11.1
13.5
14.2
Velocity vs Moisture Transfer per hr 1.50
R² = 0.9951
1.00
Velocity vs Moisture f h Transfer per hr
0.50 0.00 0
5
10
15
(Autodesk Simulation CFD, 2013)
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DETAIL ANALYSIS Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Midterm Project Duration: Course: BSC 822 Advanced Envelopes Instructor: Russell Richman
Detail analysis is crucial in determining the potential heat losses through thermal bridges. Therm simulation software was used as an aid in quantitative detail analysis. Drawings of the TerraHaus Student Residence Hall, a passive house designed by Go Logic Architects, were used for the exercise.
Brick Steel Plywood Insulation (Batt) Insulation (Rigid) Wood Concrete Gypsum
Brick Steel Plywood Insulation (Batt) Insulation (Rigid) Wood
(Above) Wall to Roof Detail (Left) Wall to Foundation Detail
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Images below are heat flux diagrams. Purple and dark blue colours show areas of low heat flux while red, yellow and green areas signify higher conductivities, and therefore greater heat transfer through certain elements.
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MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT LAYOUT Ryerson University Project Type: Group, Course Project Group Members: Sally (Sin Ying Cheung), Robin (Sung Hyun) Cho, Nicholas Jones EP 4 Months Duration: Course: BSC 722 Sustainable VAV VAV ERV Environmental Control Systems Single Packaged Rooftop Instructor: Zaiyi Liao Unit H
EP EP
Supply Hair H duct CC VAV air duct Return Fresh outdoor air MixedPackaged air Single Packaged Rooftop Single Rooftop Unit Unit Variable air volume unit
VAV
Damper H C
pply airduct ductH ply air C turnair airduct duct urn sh outdoorair air h outdoor xed air ed air Single Packaged Rooftop Unit riable airvolume volumeunit unit able air
HH CC
n
Damper Damper HeatingCoil Coil Heating CoolingCoil Coil Cooling
EP
Heating Coil Cooling Coil
Moisture transfer Heat transfer
HumidifierEP EP EP
Airfilter filter Air
Enthalpyplate platewithin withinERV ERV Enthalpy Moisturetransfer transfer Moisture Heattransfer transfer Heat
H
ERV
Heating Coil Cooling Coil
EP
C
Single Packaged Rooftop Unit
Humidifier Humidifier Damper
VAV
Enthalpy plate within ERV
Air filter
Fan
GEND GEND
C
C
LEGEND
ERV ERV
H
The goal of the study was to design an office building in Miami, Florida, using the principles of passive design in order to minimize theVAV transfer of thermal energy across the envelope. The project was heavily focused on group work. As part of the group, I dedicated more time on the choice of the HVAC system and the duct layout. The plans, used as base for the schematic duct layout, were created in collaboration with other members of the group.
Enthalpy plate within ERV Moisture transfer
LEGEND
Heat transfer
Air filter
Supply air duct Return air duct Fresh outdoor air Mixed air
Humidifier
VAV
Variable air volume unit
Damper H C
Heating Coil Cooling Coil Air filter
EP
Enthalpy plate within ERV Moisture transfer Heat transfer
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VAV
GROUND FLOOR
GROUND FLOOR
LEGEND
LEGEND Supply air duct Return air duct Exhaust air duct Exhaust vent
Supply air duct Return air duct Exhaust air duct
VAV
Supply air diffuser VAV
Variable air volume unit VAV
Return/ supply trunk duct
Exhaust vent
VAV
Supply air diffuser VAV
Variable air volume unit VAV
Return/ supply trunk duct
N
SECOND & THIRD FLOOR
VAV
VAV
VAV
SECOND & THIRD FLOOR GROUND FLOOR
19 LEGEND Supply air duct Return air duct Exhaust air duct Exhaust vent Supply air diffuser VAV
Variable air volume unit
VAV
100 0 August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
250
CDD 2007‐08 CDD 2008‐09
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES 200
CDD 2009‐10 CDD 2009‐10 CDD 2010‐11
150
CDD 2011‐12
The Ontario Association of Architects Headquarters boasts a light Ryerson University 100 and transparent “glass box” design. However, due to the large Project Type: Individual, Report areas of glazing and numerous thermal bridges, the building can 50 Duration: also be described as a heat sink due to its high rate of energy use. Course: BSC 720 Building0 Science Studio In order to reduce the energy costs and promote sustainability, August September October November December January February March April May June July alternative energy sources were suggested for space and water Instructor: Vera Straka heating and lighting.
Gas [MJ] 2007‐08
700000.00
Gas [MJ] 2008‐09
600000.00
Gas [MJ] 2009‐10
500000.00 Gas [MJ] 2010‐11 Gas [MJ] 2010 11 Energy Audit OAA Building Executive Summary Water and Gas [MJ] 2011‐12
400000.00
The purpose of this study is to compare the energy and water use of the OAA building to the average consumption rates of office buildings300000.00 in climates, similar to Toronto, Ontario. Gas, Hydro and Water energy bills for years 2007-2012 were used as a primary resource in this study. Year 2006 data 200000.00 was omitted since the indicated gas usage for February and March period in 2006 was several times greater than the average gas usage for the same months during other years. Therefore the data for year 100000.00 2006 was not included in order to achieve more accurate results. In order to include the data for the 0.00was considered to be from August to July and the year 2012, the typical year for gas and electricity bills August September October November December A t S t b O t b N b D b typical year for water bills was considered to be from July to June.
January J
February F b
March M h
April A il
Electricity [MJ] 600000.00 2007‐08 Electricity [MJ] Electricity [MJ] 500000.00 2008‐09 Electricity [MJ] 400000.00 2009‐10 Electricity [MJ] 300000.00 Electricity [MJ] 2010‐11 200000.00
250000.00
150000.00
Energy usage vs HDD
100000.00
100000.00
Linear (Energy usage vs HDD)
200
400
600 800 50000.00
July J l
y = 483.13x + 149104 R² = 0.8899
200000.00
0.00 0
June J
Gas Usage by Month
Energy usage vs HDD 700000.00
May M
1000
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(Figure 1: Energy Usage vs. Heating Degree Days for the period from 2007 to 2012) 0.00
September OctoberMJ, of November Total average energy consumption per year in the August OAA building is 3,574,159.63 which December 1,751,070.09 MJ or 49% is gas consumption and 1,823,089.54 MJ or 51% is electricity. The graph above shows relationship between the total energy consumption in the OAA building and Heating Degree Days. The typical pattern is such that as the number of heating degree days increase in a month, so does the
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
Legend Heat transfer uid in geo-exchange tubing Solar thermal panels and heat energy Roof mounted photovoltaic panels and electrical energy IC photovoltaic panels and electrical energy Hot water, supplied to faucets Geothermal heat pump
Water heater
Despite the high amounts of energy lost to the environment, it is estimated that a total of 12 boreholes can provide the necessary amount of heating and cooling energy. Despite maximizing the surface area of solar panels, the amount of electricity produced is less than 50% of the OAA building’s demand. Thus, it is suggested to use more energy efficient appliances.
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Community
QUEEN ST. COMMUNITY CENTRE Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Duration: Course: ASC 201 Design Studio Instructor: Taymoore Balbaa
Queen St. is one of the oldest streets in Toronto. It has evolved over decades, transforming with the neighbourhoods and acquiring various characteristics along its length. The portion of Queen St. under consideration is known as Parkdale, located between Dufferin St. and Roncesvalles Avenue. A community centre was designed at a vacant lot near the intersection of Close Avenue and Queen St. The community centre combines several uses that allow it to remain vibrant during the daylight and nightime alike.
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Longitudinal Section 1 2 3 4 5 6
Art Gallery Computer Lab Cafe Archive Washrooms Children’s Arts and Crafts Workshop 7 Rentable Event Lounge Site Plan
1
6 5 2
3 4
7
5 Ground Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
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TDT STUDENT RESIDENCE AND THEATRE Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Duration: 4 Months Course: ASC 401 Design Studio Instructor: Colin Ripley
The design proposal for new Toronto Dance Theatre School facilities was created to accommodate the growing spatial needs of the students and faculty. Located at the corner of Gerrard and Jarvis streets, the residence is large enough to accommodate students from TDT and Ryerson University, promoting interaction between the two different learning communities. The theatre is open to the public and serves as a cultural node near the Allan Gardens.
Site Plan
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5m
1m 2m
10m
PLANS 2m
1 2
4
3
10m
8 7
5
6
Ground Floor Plan 10
12
8 Ramp to the Theatre Green Room second floor 9 Common area Coat Check 10 Typical residential Cafe Washrooms unit Theatre Lobby and 11 Communal bath 12 Kitchen Ticket Sales Area 7 Student Residence Lobby 1 2 3 4 5 6
5m
1m
5m
1m 2m
10m
9 5m
1m 2m
1m 2m
5m
10m
11
Second Floor Plan 10m
1m
5m 2m 1m
5m 2m
12
10 9
11 Seventh Floor Plan
Typical Unit Layout
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ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS 1m 2m
5m 10m
South Elevation
West Elevation
1m
2m
Longitudinal Section
Transverse Section
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THEATRE STRUCTURE In order to create an obstruction-free space, the roof of the theatre is supported by columns along its perimeter and two large arches, crossing at the centre. The exterior of the theatre is encompassed by a metal mesh, which conceals the shaft during the day. During a performance night, projectors on the roof cast rays of light, which are diffused through the mesh, creating a lanternlike appearance of the theater.
Exploded Axonometric Section of the Theatre
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THE COMMUNAL BATH The communal bathing area is a place where dancers can relax after an exhausting practice and spend time with their friends, all the while soaking their tired feet in warm water. On the interior of the glazing, colourful sliding glass panels are installed. The students can move the panels in any pattern they choose, thus creating a slightly different atmosphere during each visit.
31 Section Through Bathroom Window
Light
A POET’S RETREAT Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Duration: 3 Weeks Course: ASC 301 Design Studio
Designed for a Montreal-born literary master Leonard Cohen, the 50m2 studio has a simple rectangular plan, oriented North-South. The walls and the roof have strategically placed and shaped openings that achieve various effects as the sun moves across the sky, either highlighting a workstation during the day or lighting the stairs in the evening time, beckoning the poet to go upstairs into the bedroom.
Instructor: Michelle Grant Lighting Study Massing Models
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PLANS AND SECTIONS
Ground Floor Plan
Longitudinal Section Looking West
Mezzanine Plan
Longitudinal Section Looking West
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GEOMETER’S STUDIO Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Term Project Duration: 4 Months Course: ASC 621 Tectonics and Materiality
The geometer’s studio is located on top of a 45o hill, overlooking a wooded ravine. The 32m2 studio is divided into two levels of equal floor area. Hardwood exterior and interior finishes are implemented in order to create a warm atmosphere and to allow the building to blend with its environment.
Instructor: John Cirka
Ground Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Roof Plan
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ELEVATIONS
North-East Elevation
South-West Elevation
South-East Elevation
North-West Elevation
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SECTIONS
Longitudinal Section Looking South
Transverse Section Looking West
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STAIRCASE
Railing Plan
Staircase Section
Railing Section
Plan of a Stair
Staircase Plan
Section through a stair
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Whereas the stairway has the function of connecting interior spaces physically, the skylight has the complementary function of visually dividing the space by casting light across the room and creating an intangible border between the workspace and the lounge area. During different times of day, the light from the aperture falls onto different steps in the stairway. This playful arrangement turns ascending and descending the stairway into a different experience as the sun travels across the sky.
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Tectonics
HIGH PARK ARTS CENTRE Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Duration: 3 Weeks Course: ASC 301 Design Studio
The Arts Centre is a small complex, composed of three individual studios and a performance space. The studios serve as quiet retreat locations for artists during the day and the performance space draws more people to the park at night. While the studio spaces are finished with wood; the performance space is set apart by the use of different types of concrete as exterior and interior finishes.
Instructor: Michelle Grant
Site Plan Site plans 1:250
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BATHROOM FOR AN OCD PATIENT Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Essay Duration:4 Month Course: ASC 901 Selected Topics in Architectural Science Instructor: Christine Pearson
In this study, I looked at the habits and concerns of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder patients. I discovered that there are some universal perceptions of what is clean and what is dirty. Then, I designed two bathrooms: one for a patient, who practices avoidance of possible “contaminants” and one for a patient, who would like to relieve their OCD symptoms by exposing themselves to accentuated and rough textures and “dirty” materials, such as earth. Through exposure, one’s anxieties become less heightened and OCD symptoms can be relieved.
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WINERY ON THE BENCH Ryerson University Project Type: Individual, Studio Project Duration: 1 Month Course: ASC 301 Design Studio Instructor: Michelle Grant
The Niagara Escarpment is home to many vineyards, which benefit from the microclimate, created by the elevated landscape of the Niagara Peninsula and the proximity of the lake Ontario. The winery, designed on the Beamsville Bench, is a three-level facility with a wine cellar, the production and packaging facility, a mezzanine layer to allow worker access to the tanks, and a presentation center. The building is clad in wood and features a wooden canopy that spans along the southern facade.
Basement Plan
Ground Floor Plan
Plan of the Mezzanine
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