Øàíîâíі ñåìèêëàñíèêè! Ãó÷íèé øêіëüíèé äçâіíîê çíîâó çàïðîñèâ âàñ ó çàõîïëèâó ïîäîðîæ êðàїíîþ çíàíü. Çâè÷àéíî, ó ïåðøі øêіëüíі äíі âè ùå ïåðåáóâàєòå ïіä âðàæåííÿìè âіä ëіòíüîãî âіäïî÷èíêó â êîëі ðіäíèõ і áëèçüêèõ, і öå íå äèâíî, àäæå ñіì’ÿ – íàéáіëüøèé ñêàðá ó æèòòі ëþäèíè. Öüîãî ðîêó âè íàâ÷èòåñÿ ðîçïîâіäàòè ïðî ñіìåéíі òðàäèöії, îáîâ’ÿçêè ÷ëåíіâ ðîäèíè òà âçàєìèíè ç äðóçÿìè. Äðóæíà ñіì’ÿ – öå îáîâ’ÿçêîâî çàòèøíèé äіì, ãîñòèííèé ñòіë. Ìè ðîçêðèєìî âàì ñåêðåòè ïðèãîòóâàííÿ óëþáëåíèõ ñòðàâ, ç íàøîþ äîïîìîãîþ âè íàâ÷èòåñÿ øâèäêî é âèøóêàíî ñåðâіðóâàòè ñòіë äëÿ ðіäíèõ òà äðóçіâ. Ó òåìі «Îõîðîíà çäîðîâ’ÿ» ðàçîì ç ãîëîâíèìè ãåðîÿìè âè çàâіòàєòå äî ëіêàðÿ, íàâ÷èòåñü îïèñóâàòè ñèìïòîìè çàõâîðþâàííÿ. Óñі ñòîðîíè íàøîãî æèòòÿ çíàõîäÿòü âіäîáðàæåííÿ íà ñöåíі òà â êіíî, і òîìó ìè çàëþáêè âіäâіäóєìî êіíîòåàòðè é îáãîâîðþєìî íîâі ñïåêòàêëі. Òóò âіäòâîðþþòüñÿ ðåàëüíі ïîäії íàøîãî æèòòÿ, і, ñïîãëÿäàþ÷è ãðó àêòîðіâ, ìè ìàєìî ìîæëèâіñòü ïðîàíàëіçóâàòè ñâîї â÷èíêè, ñòàòè êðàùèìè. Ñïîäіâàєìîñÿ, ùî ó êîëî âàøèõ çàõîïëåíü âõîäèòü і ñïîðò. Áіëüøіñòü іç âàñ âіäâіäóþòü ðіçíîìàíіòíі ñïîðòèâíі êëóáè òà ñåêöії, áåðóòü ó÷àñòü ó çìàãàííÿõ. Áàãàòî õòî âæå ïіçíàâ ðàäіñòü ïåðøèõ ïåðåìîã. Ó òåìі, ïðèñâÿ÷åíіé ñïîðòó, ìè ïîãîâîðèìî ïðî ðіçíі âèäè ñïîðòèâíèõ çìàãàíü, ñïîðòèâíі êëóáè òà ñåêöії. Âè áóäåòå âèñëîâëþâàòè ñâîї âðàæåííÿ, äàâàòè ïîðàäè. Íàñòóïíà òåìà çàïðîñèòü âàñ äî Âåëèêîї Áðèòàíії, çîêðåìà äî Ëîíäîíà – âåëèêîãî ìіñòà ç äàâíüîþ іñòîðієþ. Ïîäîðîæóþ÷è âóëèöÿìè Ëîíäîíà, âè äіçíàєòåñÿ ïðî ìіñöÿ, ïîâ’ÿçàíі ç êîðîëіâñüêîþ ðîäèíîþ, à òàêîæ âіäâіäàєòå êіëüêà íàéâіäîìіøèõ ìóçåїâ. Ïіñëÿ öіêàâîї ïîäîðîæі òàê ïðèєìíî ïîâåðíóòèñÿ äîäîìó – â Óêðàїíó. Íà âàñ ÷åêàє її ïðàäàâíÿ ñòîëèöÿ – Êèїâ – êîëèñêà íàøîї äåðæàâè. Òîæ ïîãóëÿéìî éîãî öåíòðàëüíîþ âóëèöåþ, Õðåùàòèêîì, òà âіäâіäàéìî іñòîðè÷íі ìіñöÿ Ïîäîëó. À íàéêðàùå öå çðîáèòè ç äðóçÿìè òà îäíîêëàñíèêàìè. Îò äå âіä÷óєòå ñïðàâæíþ ðàäіñòü ñïіëêóâàííÿ і íîâèõ âіäêðèòòіâ! Ïðî ïîçàêëàñíі çàõîäè ìè ïîãîâîðèìî â òåìі «Øêіëüíå æèòòÿ». Îòæå, äðóçі, âèðóøàéìî ó êàçêîâî-÷àðіâíó ïîäîðîæ ñòîðіíêàìè íàøîãî ïіäðó÷íèêà. Ó äîáðó ïóòü! Áàæàєìî óñïіõіâ! Ç ïîâàãîþ, àâòîð
3
Self-assessment Think of your records. Tick how well you know it: 4 = very well, 3 = OK, 2 = a little, 1 = needs to improve.
Now I can.....
Skills
talk about my family ties talk about my duties in the family describe my family traditions ask and present information about events and facts
4
3
2
1
understand the text of the interview understand the information during the discussion
find relevant and necessary information in the texts choose from the sentences in the list the one that fits the gap in the text
write an informal letter write a short story to post on the Internet blog
35
Self-assessment Think of your records. Tick how well you know it: 4 = very well, 3 = OK, 2 = a little, 1 = needs to improve.
Skills
Now I can.....
4
3
2
1
describe the places of interest in Kyiv talk about famous sights of the capital city talk about favourite places to visit in Kyiv
understand the information during the presentation
read and understand the text of the travel brochure
write an informal letter write a short report on the place of interest
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Tapescripts Unit 1, Lesson 3, Ex. 2 (p. 19) T a r a s: My name is Taras. My father loves cooking. He often creates new dishes. He has taught me to cook spaghetti and make sandwiches. When my friends come to see me, I always try to cook something to surprise them. O l h a: My name is Olha. I think we learn from our parents a lot of simple practical life skills. We learn which clothes to wear according to the weather, brush our shoes in the evening, make our bed in the morning, and keep things in their proper places. This is really very important. O l e k s a n d r: My name is Oleksandr. I like to spend time with my uncle. He lives in the village. He is very good at making things. He has taught me to make bird feeders and I can do it very well now. T e t i a n a: My name is Tetiana. I live in Ivano-Frankivsk. We like traditional Ukrainian things. There is the embroidered cloth on the table in our living room. This is my aunt’s piece of work. She has taught me to make handmade things. Now I am fond of knitting and embroidering, too. Unit 1, Lesson 7, Ex. 4b (p. 26) S t e v e: I think our mother will be very pleased with us. We have whitewashed all the trees in our garden. M o l l y: And I have weeded all the flowerbeds, haven’t I? The garden looks so nice! S t e v e : Father wanted me to help him dig around the trees on Saturday. How surprised he will be when he comes to the garden tomorrow! M o l l y: What if we whitewash the fence? S t e v e: Not today, I think. We can’t do everything in one day. M r s P a r k e r: Molly! Steve! Where are you? Oh no... Unit 1, Lessons 8–9, Ex. 5b (p. 29) 1. Their house is all marble staircases and grand pianos, isn’t it? 2. Clark usually doesn’t assist his father in repairing a car, does he? 3. The Davidsons made quite a lot of money two years ago, didn’t they? 4. My brother can’t climb trees as well as my cousin can, can he? 5. They gathered fruit in their garden last autumn, didn’t they? 6. He is whitewashing the fence now, isn’t he? 7. I’m working in the garden now, aren’t I? 8. Let’s do the shopping, shall we? 9. They have raked the leaves in the yard, haven’t they? 10. Let’s build a free house, shall we?
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Unit 2, Lesson 1, Ex. 2 (p. 39) A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B:
Hello! We are doing a poll on eating habits. Will you answer the questionnaire? Sure, why not? So, the first question is: Do you take sugar in hot drinks? Yes, I always take sugar in my tea. I like it sweet. And how many sweets do you eat per week? One or two. Not many. The next question. How often do you drink fizzy drinks, like Coke, Fanta, or Sprite? Never. I prefer juice and tea to fizzy drinks. Right. How often do you eat fresh fruit? Let me think... Almost every day. I like fruit. Is most of the fresh food you eat steamed, boiled, or fried? Boiled, I guess. Well, and the last question: What do you eat during the breaks? As a snack? Bananas. Sometimes apples or oranges. OK, I’ve marked your answers. Thank you for the interview. You are welcome.
Unit 2, Lessons 5–6, Ex. 3b (p. 44) Every country has its own cooking equipment. For example, Italian kitchens usually have a big pot for cooking pasta. Many Mexican kitchens have a special pan to make tortillas. Asian kitchens often have a grill for meat and a special vegetable steamer. Ukrainian kitchens have beautifully decorated wooden cooking utensils such as measuring cups, spoons and cutting boards. Many kitchens around the world have a set of knives, a grill and a food processor. Unit 3, Lesson 5, Ex. 3 (p. 64) The Doctor Visited Me About a month ago I was at the lesson working with my textbook. Suddenly I felt really ill. I felt very cold and I had a headache and my eyes hurt. My teacher phoned my mother. She came soon, took me home and called a doctor. In the afternoon the doctor visited me. She examined my throat, listened to my heart and lungs, looked at my eyes and ears. In the end she said, “Well, it’s a bad cold. You have to stay in bed for a week.” She wrote me a prescription for some medicines. She told me to take pills three times a day. She also asked my mum to give me hot milk with butter and honey or hot tea with raspberries. My mum went to the chemist’s and bought the medicines for me. I followed the doctor’s advice and soon I felt much better. My friends were glad to see me at school again. Unit 3, Lesson 10, Ex. 5b (p. 75) D o c t o r: Hello. What’s the problem? P a t i e n t: I’ve hurt my ankle. 179
D o c t o r: When did it happen? P a t i e n t: Yesterday. I fell over while I was playing football. D o c t o r: Can you just take your shoe off? Hmm, yes. Can you move your foot? P a t i e n t: Yes, but it hurts. D o c t o r: Hmm. I think you’ve only sprained it. I’ll put a bandage on it for now. But you should go to hospital for an X-ray. P a t i e n t: Should I go today? D o c t o r: Yes. Take this letter with you. P a t i e n t: Thank you, Doctor. Goodbye! D o c t o r: Goodbye! Unit 4, Lesson 7, Ex. 1 (p. 97) M r P a r k e r: Here are our tickets for the theatrical performance next Saturday. M r s P a r k e r: When did you have time to buy them? I know that you’ve been really busy this month. M r P a r k e r: Do you think it’s difficult nowadays? You can buy your tickets from the ticket agent, from the theatre box office or from the ticket booth in Leicester Square. You can even save your time and buy your ticket online. I bought the tickets from the ticket agent. He visited our office two weeks ago. M r s P a r k e r: Where are our seats? M r P a r k e r: They are in the stalls, so we’ll be able to see the performance clearly. M r s P a r k e r: We’ll have a wonderful time, I think. Unit 6, Lessons 1–2, Ex. 2 (p. 123) J a n e: Have you (1) started doing your English project yet? A l e x: The one about London mysteries? Yes. I’m (2) working on a poster about the Monument to the Great Fire of London. I’m (3) going to write an article about it to put on the poster. Then I’m going to put some pictures on the poster as well. What about you? J a n e: I haven’t decided yet. Maybe I (4) ’ll prepare something about St Bride’s Church. It’s in the City of London. A l e x: Where can you get some interesting information about it? J a n e: There’s a wonderful display in this church this month. Besides, I’ve seen the Rob Bell’s new show where he explores the secret underground places in London. A l e x: That’s a good idea. I (5) ’ll probably find this show online tonight. J a n e: (6) Don’t forget to check the school library, too. A l e x: With pleasure.
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Unit 6, Lessons 7–8, Ex. 3 (p. 134) Welcome to Famous Places! Today we’re going to talk about one of the most famous (1) cathedrals in London. It is well-known as an iconic (2) feature of the London (3) skyline. Do you know which cathedral we’re talking about? Have you (4) read about the Whispering Gallery? St Paul’s Cathedral was (5) built over a period of 35 years between 1675 and 1711. It was designed in (6) the English Baroque style by Sir Christopher Wren. St Paul’s Cathedral is very beautiful at night when it is lit up. Tourists love to visit it and go up to the top of the Dome to see the wonderful views of London. Unit 8, Lesson 3, Ex. 2 (p. 166) E m i:
We are having a great time here, I think. Interesting lessons, wonderful parties, educational trips... There is something new to learn every day. What I like most is the chance to participate in extracurricular activities. I’ve joined the jazz band. C a r l o s: That’s great! Jazz is one of the greatest forms of music originating from the USA. The home of jazz in Britain is Ronnie Scott’s club in London. What musical instrument do you play? E m i: I play the trumpet, and Denys plays the saxophone. We are going to take part in the cultural presentation next week. You’ll be able to hear me play. What club have you chosen for yourself? C a r l o s: I am fond of sports and games. My favourite sport is basketball. I am in the school team. There is the basketball game on Wednesday. Come to the sports ground and watch me play. E m i: With great pleasure! I’d like to come. Thank you for the invitation.
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Grammar Reference UNCOUNTABLE AND COUNTABLE NOUNS Most nouns in English are countable. This means they can have singular and plural forms: One sandwich – four sandwiches, the child – the children. Common uncountable nouns: advice, furniture, help, homework, information, jewellery, luck, mail, money, music, peace, traffic, weather, work, milk, tea, bread, sugar, flour, coffee, cheese, food, fruit, meat, pepper, rice, salt, soup, water ...
Uncountable Nouns Use
Example
You use uncountable nouns with a This news is not interesting. singular verb form. You don’t use articles a or an with I don’t like milk. They want some sugar with tea. them. Uncountable nouns have no plural form.
money some money a lot of money much money a little money
Countable Nouns Use
Example
Countable nouns have singular and a book one book plural forms.
books two books some books a lot of books many books a few books You use them with articles a and an There is an orange and some apples on the plate. in the singular. We use them with the definite arti- Pineapples are very delicious. cle the or without an article in the plural. You use them with singular and plu- Mango is a tropical fruit. ral verb forms.
A lot of – Many – Much Only countable nouns can follow a / an, many, a few, these, one, two, etc. 182
We use (not) many with countable nouns in questions and negative sentences. Only uncountable nouns can follow much, little / a little. Both plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns can follow some, any, a lot of. We say: sugar, some sugar, a lot of sugar much sugar, a little sugar. Countable Nouns
Uncountable Nouns
Positive
A lot of/lots of/many
A lot of/lots of/much
Interrogative
many
much
Negative
many
much
a few (= some) / few (= not many, not enough)
a little (= some) / little (= not much, not enough)
Example There are a lot of classrooms in our school. There is a lot of jam in this jar. Are there many classrooms in your school? Is there much jam in this jar? There aren’t many old books in our school library. There isn’t much oil left in the bottle.
PRESENT SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE Time expressions: never, seldom, often, frequently, always, usually, rarely, sometimes. Positive I/You/We/They
work.
He/She/It
works.
Question Do you work? Does he work? Use Long-term situations. Habits and routines. Feelings and opinions. Facts. Timetables and programmes.
Negative don’t (do not) work. doesn’t (does not) Answer Yes, I do./No, I don’t. Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. Example She lives in London. How often do you go abroad? I don’t like spicy food. It rains a lot in the spring. The train arrives at 18.20.
I/You/ We/They He/She/It
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Frequency adverbs go after the verb to be, but before all other verbs: They are often late. She usually phones me on Sundays. PAST SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE Time expressions: yesterday, last week, last month, last year, in 2000. Positive
Negative
I/You/We/They
answered.
I/You/ We/They
didn’t (did not)
He/She/It
wrote.
He/She/It
didn’t (did not)
write.
Question
Answer
Did he answer?
Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.
Use
Example
Finished actions and situations in I lived in Paris from 1980 to 1989. How long ago did you meet her? the past. The Parkers travelled to the USA last summer. They didn’t drive a car yesterday. Regular verbs in the Past Simple end in -ed. We have to memorize the forms of the irregular verbs. (See Irregular Verbs list on p. 242.) /t/
/d/
/Id/
after voiceless conso- after vowels and voiced after t, d nants except t consonants except d watched
answered
decided
noticed
skied
painted
helped
played
nodded
FUTURE SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE We use the Future Simple to express a single or a permanent action in the future: We will (shall) go to the theatre next week. He will have a party tomorrow. We form the Future Simple Tense by means of the verb will (shall) and the infinitive of the main verb. Shall is sometimes used for the first person singular and plural, and will may be used for all the persons. 184
FUTURE INTENTION: to Be Going to Do Something Positive I
’m (am)
You/We/ They
’re (are)
He/She/ It
’s (is)
Negative
going to
visit.
I
’m (am)
read.
You/ We/They
aren’t (are not)
speak. He/She/It
visit.
isn’t (is not)
Question
going read. to speak.
Answer
Is he going to visit his granny? Are they going to read a book?
Yes, he is./No, he isn’t. Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
Use
Example
Future plans, intentions, decisions. I’m going to visit the USA this summer. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Time expressions: now, at the moment. Positive I
’m (am)
You/We/They
’re (are)
He/She/It
’s (is)
Negative
writing.
I
’m not (am not)
You/ We/They
aren’t (are not)
He/She/It
isn’t (is not)
writing.
Question
Answer
Are you writing? Is he writing?
Yes, I am./No, I am not. Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
Use
Example He is writing a thank-you letter now.
Actions happening now.
State Verbs Verbs of Feelings and Thinking
Verbs of Senses
Other Verbs
like, love, want, prefer, dislike, hear, see, taste, feel, own, have, be, belong, hate, think, know, believe, under- smell consist of, contain, stand, forget, remember, mean, exist, include realise, recognise 185
State verbs are not normally used in the continuous tense forms. We often use can with the verbs of senses: I can smell something burning. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Time expressions: already, just, yet, never, ever, lately, recently, this morning, this evening, this week, this month, this year, today. Positive
Negative
I/You/ We/They
’ve (have)
worked.
I/You/ We/They
haven’t (have not)
worked.
He/She/It
’s (has)
left.
He/She/It
hasn’t (has not)
left.
Question
Answer
Have you worked? Has it worked?
Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. Yes, it has./No, it hasn’t.
Use
Example
Situations that began in the past She has worked as a teacher for ten years. and continue up to the present. Situations and actions in a time They have just discussed this question with their relatives. up to the present. Past actions with results in the He’s broken his leg. present. PAST PERFECT TENSE Time expressions: before she came home, by 6 o’clock yesterday. Positive I/You/ We/They
’d (had)
He/She/It Question Had they arrived? Use
Negative arrived.
I/You/ We/They
left.
He/She/It
hadn’t (had not)
arrived. left.
Answer Yes, they had./No, they hadn’t. Example
A past action which happened He had left when I arrived. She was nervous, because she had never before another past action. flown by plane before. We use the Past Perfect Tense to say which past action happened first. 186
We often do not use the Past Perfect Tense if it is already clear which action happened first: He left, I arrived. I arrived before he left. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Time expressions: for two hours, since 5 o’clock, since morning. Positive I/You/ We/ They
’ve (have)
He/She/It
’s (has)
Negative been working.
I/You/ We/They
haven’t (have not)
He/She/It
hasn’t (has not)
Question Have
I/we/you/ they
Has
he/she/it
been working.
Answer Yes, been working?
No, Yes,
I/we/you/ they
have.
he/she/it
has.
No,
Use
haven’t. hasn’t.
Example
To express the actions that began I’ve have been learning English since in the past and continue up to the I was seven years old. present. To express the actions that began I’ve been riding a bike for two hours. in the past and have just stopped.
For and Since Use for
three days five hours with a period of a month time ten minutes a long time ages Tuesday 8 August with a point in 4 o’clock time last summer 2004 I last saw you
Example They have been playing tennis for three hours. Jane has been training for two months. The boys have been running for twenty minutes. He hasn’t been reading the newspapers for a long time.
since
I have been learning English since 2000.
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VERB CONTRASTS
Past Indefinite Tense and Present Perfect Tense We use the Past Simple Tense: 1) to talk about the specific time in the past: Builders finished their work yesterday. John went to Rome last year. 2) when the speaker is thinking of an action completed at a time in the past: Paper was invented in China. They grew many vegetables last year. We use the Present Perfect Tense when no specific past time is mentioned or when a connection is made between the past and the present: I have met that man before. John has already read that book. Have you ever visited London? I have never seen a camel. He hasn’t written the letter yet.
Past Indefinite Tense and Past Perfect Tense We use the Past Simple Tense when we talk about the past, and follow the events in the order in which they happened: I read a book and ate a cake. We use the Past Perfect Tense to go back to an earlier time: I read a book I had got from the library and ate a cake my sister had made.
Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense We use the Present Perfect Tense for actions that happened at an unspecific time in the past. I have already watched this football match on TV. We use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense to emphasise that something has been happening repeatedly or continuously since an unspecific time in the past. I have been watching this football match for an hour. R e m e m b e r! Some verbs do not usually use the continuous form. They are: know, see, like, hate, remember, want, love, etc. (See State Verbs on p. 185.) I’ve seen this football match on TV.
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MODAL EXPRESSIONS
To Let Somebody Do Something, to Be Allowed to Do Something Compare:
Compare:
My parents let me play computer I am allowed to play computer games games every day. every day. They don’t let him talk over the He is not allowed to talk over the teletelephone for so long. phone for so long. Sue let Jim use her pen yesterday. Jim was allowed to use Sue’s pen yesterday. The teacher will let them finish They will be allowed to finish their writing a composition tomorrow. composition tomorrow.
To Make Somebody Do Something Compare:
Compare:
My mother usually makes me read I am usually made to read in summer. in summer. His mother made me eat a plate of I was made to eat a plate of soup. soup. The teacher didn’t make us learn We weren’t made to learn the poem by the poem by heart yesterday. heart yesterday. His sister will make him clean the He will be made to clean the room room tomorrow. tomorrow.
QUESTION TAGS Question tags are short questions which are used at the end of the sentences. We use question tags if we are not absolutely sure as to something and wish someone else to confirm it. We add question tags to the sentences (negative or affirmative) to ask for confirmation or agreement. We form question tags by means of the auxiliary verb of the sentence and the personal pronoun (I, he, she, it, etc.) which corresponds to the subject of the sentence. If the sentence is affirmative, we use a negative question tag. You will help me, won’t you? If the sentence is negative, we use an affirmative question tag. You haven’t done your homework, have you? 189
If there is a modal verb (can, could, should, etc.) in the sentence, we use the same modal verb to form the question tag. He can’t swim very well, can he? If there is no auxiliary verb in the sentence, we use the auxiliary verb to do (except for to be and to have). Thus, for a sentence which is in the Present Simple we use do / does and for a sentence which is in the Past Simple we use did. He works in an office, doesn’t he? You didn’t eat my ice cream, did you? The question tag for I am is aren’t I? I’m a pupil, aren’t I? The question tag for Let’s is shall we? Let’s go, shall we? We pronounce question tags with a rising intonation when we are not sure and expect an answer, or a falling intonation when we are sure and don’t really expect an answer.
Question Tags (Short Answers) We give short answers to avoid repetition of the question asked before. We form positive short answer with: Yes + personal pronoun + auxiliary verb. We form negative short answer with: No + personal pronoun + negative auxiliary verb. E x a m p l e s: There’s a room for me in your car, isn’t there? – Yes, there is. He went to England last summer, didn’t he? – No, he didn’t. He didn’t go to London last year, did he? – Yes, he did. (Íі, âіí їçäèâ.) / No, he didn’t. (Òàê, âіí íå їçäèâ.) Short Responses We often use auxiliary verbs in short answers when we don’t want to repeat something: Does he read books every evening? – Yes, he does. (= He reads books every evening.) Do you go to the library on Saturdays? – Yes, I do. (= I go to the library on Saturdays.) We also use auxiliary verbs with so and neither: I play tennis every Sunday. – So do I. (= I play tennis every Sunday, too.) I never read newspapers. – Neither do I. (= I never read newspapers, too.) It is important to remember the word order after so and neither – verb before the subject. I go in for sports. So do my friends. 190
Irregular Verbs Infinitive arise bear beat become begin blow break bring build burn burst buy catch choose come cost cut dig do draw dream drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find fly forget forgive
Past Indefinite arose bore beat became began blew broke brought built burnt burst bought caught chose came cost cut dug did drew dreamt, dreamed drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found flew forgot forgave
Past Participle arisen born(e) beaten become begun blown broken brought built burnt burst bought caught chosen come cost cut dug done drawn dreamt, dreamed drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found flown forgotten forgiven
Translation âèíèêàòè, ïîñòàâàòè íåñòè, íîñèòè áèòè ñòàâàòè, ðîáèòè ïî÷èíàòè(ñÿ) äóòè (ç)ëàìàòè ïðèíîñèòè áóäóâàòè ïàëèòè; ãîðіòè ðîçáèâàòèñÿ; âèáóõàòè êóïóâàòè ëîâèòè, (ñ)ïіéìàòè âèáèðàòè ïðèõîäèòè êîøòóâàòè ðіçàòè êîïàòè ðîáèòè òÿãòè; ìàëþâàòè áà÷èòè óâі ñíі; ìðіÿòè ïèòè ãíàòè; їõàòè їñòè ïàäàòè ãîäóâàòè ïî÷óâàòè; âіä÷óâàòè áèòèñÿ; áîðîòèñÿ çíàõîäèòè ëіòàòè çàáóâàòè âèáà÷àòè; ïðîùàòè 191
leave lend let lie lose make mean meet mistake
Past Indefinite froze got gave went ground grew hung/hanged had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew laid led leapt, leaped learnt, learned left lent let lay lost made meant met mistook
Past Participle frozen got given gone ground grown hung/hanged had heard hidden hit held hurt kept known laid led leapt, leaped learnt, learned left lent let lain lost made meant met mistaken
pay put read ride ring
paid put read rode rang
paid put read ridden rung
Infinitive freeze get give go grind grow hang have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know lay lead leap learn
192
Translation çàìîðîæóâàòè; çàìåðçàòè äіñòàâàòè; îäåðæóâàòè äàâàòè іòè; іòè ãåòü ìîëîòè; òî÷èòè ðîñòè âèñіòè; ïîâіñèòè ìàòè ÷óòè õîâàòè(ñÿ) óäàðÿòè; âëó÷àòè ìàòè; äåðæàòè çàâäàâàòè áîëþ; áîëіòè òðèìàòè; çáåðіãàòè çíàòè êëàñòè; ïîêëàñòè âåñòè; âîäèòè ïëèãàòè, ñòðèáàòè â÷èòè çàëèøàòè ïîçè÷àòè (êîìóñü) ïóñêàòè; äîçâîëÿòè ëåæàòè âòðà÷àòè; ãóáèòè ðîáèòè îçíà÷àòè; ìàòè íàìіð çóñòðі÷àòè ïîìèëÿòèñÿ; íåïðàâèëüíî ðîçóìіòè ïëàòèòè êëàñòè; ñòàâèòè ÷èòàòè їçäèòè âåðõè òåëåôîíóâàòè, äçâîíèòè
Infinitive rise run say see sell send set shine shoot show shut sing sink sit sleep speak spell spend spin spring stand strike sweep swim swing take teach tell think throw understand wake wear win write
Past Indefinite rose ran said saw sold sent set shone shot showed shut sang sank sat slept spoke spelt spent spun sprang stood struck swept swam swung took taught told thought threw understood woke, wàked wore won wrote
Past Participle risen run said seen sold sent set shone shot shown shut sung sunk sat slept spoken spelled spent spun sprung stood struck swept swum swung taken taught told thought thrown understood woken, wàked worn won written
Translation âñòàâàòè; ïіäíіìàòèñÿ áіãòè ãîâîðèòè; ñêàçàòè áà÷èòè ïðîäàâàòè ïîñèëàòè ñòàâèòè; óñòàíîâëþâàòè ñâіòèòè; ïðîëèâàòè ñâіòëî ñòðіëÿòè; ïіäêîâóâàòè ïîêàçóâàòè çàêðèâàòè ñïіâàòè ñïóñêàòè(ñÿ); çàíóðþâàòèñÿ ñèäіòè ñïàòè ãîâîðèòè spelt âèòðà÷àòè ïðÿñòè ñòðèáàòè; âèíèêàòè ñòîÿòè áèòè; âäàðÿòè(ñÿ) ìåñòè; ì÷àòè ïëàâàòè; ïëèâòè ãîéäàòè, ðîçìàõóâàòè áðàòè; âçÿòè â÷èòè; íàâ÷àòè ðîçïîâіäàòè, ãîâîðèòè äóìàòè êèäàòè ðîçóìіòè ïðîêèäàòèñÿ; áóäèòè íîñèòè (îäÿã) âèãðàâàòè ïèñàòè 193
2
English-Ukrainian Vocabulary n v adj prep
noun verb adjective preposition
Aa abbreviation, n /ə brÖvi eiʃn/ àááðåâèàòóðà absolutely, adv / {bsəlütli/ àáñîëþòíî accident, n / ksəi dənt/ àâàðіÿ according, prep /ə kюdiО/ çãіäíî achieve, v /ə tʃÖv/ äîñÿãàòè achievement, n /ə Цvmənt/ äîñÿãíåííÿ, çäîáóòîê acting, n / ktiÎ/ ãðà àêòîðіâ action film, phr / kʃən film/ áîéîâèê active, adv / {ktiv/ àêòèâíèé activity, n / k tivəi ti/ äіÿëüíіñòü, âïðàâà actor, n / {ktə/ àêòîð actress, n / {ktrəi s/ àêòðèñà addition, n /ə diʃən/ äîäàòîê admire, v /əd maKə/ çàõîïëþâàòèñÿ advanced, adj /əd v nst/ ïðîäâèíóòèé adventure film, phr /əd ven ə film/ ïðèãîäíèöüêèé ôіëüì adventure, n /əd ventʃə/ ïðèãîäà adverb, n / dvÆb/ ïðèñëіâíèê affect, v /ə fekt/ âïëèâàòè affirmative, adj /ə fÆmətiv/ ñòâåðäæóâàëüíèé agree, v /ə grÖ/ ïîãîäæóâàòèñÿ airway, n / e@weI/ ïîâіòðÿíà ëіíіÿ alert, adj /@ lÆt/ òðèâîæíèé alive, adj /ə laiv/ æèâèé all year round, phr / þl jiə raυnd/ óâåñü ðіê allow, v /ə laυ/ äîçâîëÿòè almond, n / ¸mənd/ ìèãäàëü already, adv /þl redi/ âæå also, adv / þlsəυ/ òàêîæ although, conj /þl Dəυ/ õî÷à amazing, adj /ə meKziŋ/ äèâîâèæíèé ambulance, n / {mbjυələns/ øâèäêà äîïîìîãà analyse, v / {nəlaiz/ àíàëіçóâàòè 194
adv phr conj
adverb phrase conjunction
ancient, adj / einʃənt/ ñòàðîäàâíіé angry, adj / {Îgri/ ñåðäèòèé animated cartoon, phr / nəi meitəi d k tün/ ìóëüòèïëіêàöіéíèé ôіëüì annoy, v /ə nOi/ äðàòóâàòè antique, adj / {n tÖk/ àíòèêâàðíèé anyway, adv / eniwei/ ó áóäü-ÿêîìó âèïàäêó apartment, n /ə p tmənt/ êâàðòèðà, àïàðòàìåíòè apply, v /ə plai/ çàñòîñîâóâàòè appreciate, v /ə prЦʃieit/ öіíóâàòè aqualung, n / {kwəlöÎ/ àêâàëàíã archaeologist, n / kiə lБіikəl] àðõåîëîã architect, n / kəi tekt/ àðõіòåêòîð architecture, n / kəi tekФ ʃə/ àðõèòåêòóðà armchair, n / mtʃeə/ êðіñëî arrange, v /ə reinі/ îðãàíіçîâóâàòè article, n / tikəl/ ñòàòòÿ artifact(s), n / təi f kts/ àðòåôàêòè aspirin, n / {sprəi n/ àñïіðèí assist smb, v /ə sist/ äîïîìàãàòè êîìóñü attachment, n /ə t Ф ʃmənt/ ïðèêðіïëåííÿ, äîäàòîê attacker, n /ə t{kə/ íàïàäàþ÷èé attend, v /ə tend/ âіäâіäóâàòè attention, n /ə tenʃən/ óâàãà attentive viewer, phr /ə tentiv vjüə/ óâàæíèé ãëÿäà÷ attentively, adv / ətentivli/ óâàæíî attraction, n /ə tr kʃən/ âèçíà÷íå ìіñöå audience, n / þdiəns/ ïóáëіêà audiovisual, adj / þdiəυ viʒuəl/ àóäіîâіçóàëüíèé auxiliary, adj /þg ziljəri/ äîïîìіæíèé average press rating, phr / vərIі/ ñåðåäíіé ðåéòèíã avoid, v /ə vɔKd/ óíèêàòè award, n /ə wþd/ íàãîðîäà
Bb backache, n / b keik/ áіëü ó ñïèíі background, n / b{kgraυnd/ çàäíіé ïëàí bad cold, phr / b d kəυld/ çàñòóäà badge, n /b і/ åìáëåìà, çíà÷îê balance, n / b ləns/ áàëàíñ balcony, n / b lkəni/ áàëêîí ballet, n / b{lei/ áàëåò bandage, n / b ndiі/ ïîâ’ÿçêà bar, n /b¸/ áðåâíî, êîëîäà baseball, n / beisbþl/ áåéñáîë baste, v /beist/ ïîëèâàòè (ñòðàâó) battle, n / b tl/ áèòâà be blessed, phr /bi blesəi d/ áóòè îñâÿ÷åíèì be fond of, phr /bi fБnd əv/ ëþáèòè, çàõîïëþâàòèñÿ be good with smb’s hands, phr /bi gυd wID/ äîáðå óìіòè ðîáèòè ùîñü be interested in, phr /bi intrəi stəi d in/ öіêàâèòèñÿ be proud of, phr /bi praυd əv/ ïèøàòèñÿ be sure, phr /bi ʃþ/ áóòè âïåâíåíèì be worried, phr /bi wörid/ õâèëþâàòèñÿ beach, n /bЦtʃ/ áåðåã ðі÷êè beat, n /bЦt/ óäàð behaviour, n /bi heivjə/ ïîâåäіíêà believe, v /bəi lЦv/ âіðèòè bend, v /bend/ íàõèëÿòèñÿ besides, adv /bi saidz/ îêðіì òîãî billboard, n / bilbþd/ ðåêëàìà bird feeder, n /bÆd fÖdə/ ãîäіâíè÷êà äëÿ ïòàõіâ bitter, adj / bitə/ ãіðêèé blanket, n / bl{Îkəi t/ êîâäðà bleeding, n / blЦdiŋ/ êðîâîòå÷à block, v /blБk/ áëîêóâàòè boast, v /bəυst/ õâàëèòèñÿ boiled, adj /bOild/ çâàðåíèé book, v /bυk/ çàìîâëÿòè, áðîíþâàòè booklet, n / bυkləi t/ áóêëåò boring, / bþriŋ/ adj íóäíèé bottle can, phr / bБtl kən/ âіäêðèâà÷ äëÿ ïëÿøêè bottle opener, phr / bБtl əυpənə/ âіäêðèâà÷ ïëÿøîê
box office, phr / bÁks Áf əi s/ êàñà ïðîäàæó êâèòêіâ boxing, n / bБksiŋ/ áîêñ branch, n /br ntʃ/ ãіëêà bread-and-butter plate, phr / bred ənd bötə pleit/ òàðіëêà äëÿ õëіáà òà ìàñëà break into applause, phr / breik intə ə plþz/ âèáóõíóòè îïëåñêàìè break, n / breik/ ïåðåðâà breathe, v /brЦD/ äèõàòè bright, adj /brait/ ÿñêðàâèé broken bone, phr / brəυkən bəυn/ ïåðåëîì êіñòêè building, n / bildiŋ/ áóäіâëÿ burial, adj / beriəl/ ïîõîðîííèé burn down, v / bÆn daυn/ çãîðіòè business, n / biznəi s/ áіçíåñ busy, adj / bizi/ æâàâèé, çàéíÿòèé Cc cafå, n / k{fei/ êàôå call the doctor, phr / kþl Də dБktə/ âèêëèêàòè ëіêàðÿ calm, adj /k m/ ñïîêіéíèé camera, n / k mərə/ êàìåðà can opener, phr /kən əυpənə/ âіäêðèâà÷ äëÿ êîíñåðâіâ candle, n / k ndl/ ñâі÷êà canteen, n /k n tЦn/ їäàëüíÿ capital, n / k pəi tl/ ñòîëèöÿ caring, adj / keəriŋ/ òóðáîòëèâèé carrot, n / k rət/ ìîðêâà carton, n / k tn/ ïàêåò cartwheel, n / k¸twÖl/ âіçîê cast a glance, phr / k¸st ə gl¸ns/ êèíóòè ïîãëÿä cast, n /k¸st/ ñêëàä àêòîðіâ castle, n / k¸səl/ çàìîê cathedral, n /kə θÖdrəl/ ñîáîð celebrate, v / seləi breit/ ñâÿòêóâàòè celebrity, n /səi lebrəi ti/ âèäàòíà îñîáà ceremony, n / serəi məni/ öåðåìîíіÿ character, n / k{rəi ktə/ ïåðñîíàæ charity event, phr / tʃ rəti i vent/ áëàãîäіéíà àêöіÿ, ïîäіÿ check, v /tʃek/ ïåðåâіðÿòè 195
check out, v / tʃek aυt/ ïåðåâіðÿòè cheer up, phr /¶iər öp/ ïіäáà äüîðþâàòè cheerful, adj / tSiəfəl/ ðàäіñíèé choice, n /tSOis/ âèáіð choir, n /kwaiə/ õîð choking, n / ¶əυkiÎ/ ïîõëèíóòèñÿ chop, v /¶Áp/ íàðіçàòè äðіáíî choreography, n /kБri Ágrəfi/ õîðåîãðàôèÿ chorus, n / kþrəs/ õîð church, n /tʃÆ:tʃ/ öåðêâà cinema, n / sinəi mə/ êèíîòåàòð circumstance(s), n / sÆ:kəmst nsiz/ îáñòàâèíè circus, n / sÆ:kəs/ öèðê citizen, n / sitəi zən/ ãðîìàäÿíèí classic story, phr / kl sik stюri/ êëàñè÷íà іñòîðіÿ classmate, n / kl smeit/ îäíîêëàñíèê clear, v /kliə/ ïðèáèðàòè club, n /klöb/ ãóðòîê, êëóá coach, n /kəυ¶/ òðåíåð cold tablet(s), phr / kəυld t{bləi t/ ïіëþëі âіä çàñòóäè collection, n /kə lekʃən/ êîëåêöіÿ collector, n /kə lektə/ êîëåêöіîíåð column, n / kБləm/ êîëîíà combatant, n / kБmbətənt/ ñóïåðíèê combine, v /kəm bain/ ïîєäíóâàòè come out, v / köm aυt/ âèõîäèòè, ç’ÿâëÿòèñÿ come back, phr / köm b k/ ïîâåðòàòèñÿ comedy, n / kÁmədi/ êîìåäіÿ comfortable, adj / kömftəbəl/ çðó÷íèé communicate, v /kə mjünəi keit/ ñïіëêóâàòèñÿ competition, n /kБmpəi tiʃən/ çìàãàííÿ competitive, adj /kəm petəi tiv/ òîé, õòî çìàãàєòüñÿ complication, n /kÁmpləi keiʃən/ óñêëàäíåííÿ concert hall, phr / kБnsət hþl/ êîíöåðòíèé çàë confidence, adj / kÁnfəi dəns/ óïåâíåíіñòü confirm, v /kən fЖm/ ïіäòâåðäæóâàòè Congratulation(s), phr /kən gr tʃ υəleiʃən/ Âіòàєìî! conjunction, n /kənіöÎkʃən/ ñïîëó÷íèê 196
consecutive, adj /kən sekjυətiv/ ïîñëіäîâíèé consider, v /kən sidə/ ðîçãëÿäàòè, áðàòè äî óâàãè construction, n /kən strökʃən/ áóäіâíèöòâî consult a doctor, phr /kən sölt/ ðàäèòèñÿ ç ëіêàðåì contain, v /kən tein/ ìіñòèòè control, v /kən trəυl/ êîíòðîëþâàòè cook meals, phr / kυk mЦlz/ ãîòóâàòè їæó cool, adj /kül/ ãàðíèé cooperation, n /kəυ Бpə reiʃən/ ñïіâïðàöÿ coordination, n /kəυ þdəi neiʃən/ êîîðäèíàöіÿ copy, n / kБpi/ êîïіÿ cost, n, v /kБst/ âàðòіñòü; êîøòóâàòè costume, n, v / kБstjυm/ êîñòþì cottage, n / kБtidʒ/ êîòåäæ, äà÷íèé áóäèíîê cough drop(s), phr / kБf drБps/ êðàïëі âіä êàøëþ cough syrop, phr / kБf sirəp/ ñèðîï âіä êàøëþ cough, n /kБf/ êàøåëü countryside, n / köntrisaid/ ñіëüñüêà ìіñöåâіñòü, ïåðåäìіñòÿ cover, v / kövə/ ïîêðèâàòè create smth from scratch, phr /kri eit/ ñòâîðþâàòè ùîñü іç ñàìîãî ïî÷àòêó create, v /kri eit/ ñòâîðþâàòè crisp(s) n /krisps/ ÷іïñè criticise, v / kritəi saiz/ êðèòèêóâàòè crowded, adj / kraυdəi d/ íàïîâíåíèé ëþäüìè cupboard, n / köbəd/ øàôà äëÿ ïîñóäó current, adj / körənt/ ïîòî÷íèé currently, adv / körəntli/ ó ïîòî÷íîìó ïåðіîäі curry powder, phr / köri paυdə/ êàððі curtain, n / kÆtn/ çàâіñà customer, n / köstəmə/ êëієíò, ñïîæèâà÷ cut, v /köt/ ðіçàòè cutting board, phr / kötiÎ bþd/ äîøêà äëÿ íàðіçàííÿ cycling, n / saikliÎ/ âåëîñèïåäíèé ñïîðò
Dd dairy product(s), phr / deəri prБdökt/ ìîëî÷íі ïðîäóêòè dancer, n / d nsə/ òàíöþðèñò dare, n /deə/ âèêëèê darkness, n / d knəi s/ òåìðÿâà dawn, n /dþn/ ñâіòàíîê, ðàíêîâà çîðÿ deadly force, phr / dedli fþs/ çëà ñèëà decide, v /di said/ âèðіøóâàòè decorate, v / dekəreit/ ïðèêðàøàòè decoration, n /dekə reiʃən/ ïðèêðàñà dedicate one’s time, phr / dedəi keit/ ïðèñâÿòèòè ÷èéñü ÷àñ deep, adj /dЦp/ ãëèáîêèé defender, n /di fendə/ çàõèñíèê defense, n /di fens/ çàõèñò delicious, adj /di liʃəs/ ñìà÷íèé delighted, adj /di laitəi d/ çàõîïëåíèé, çà÷àðîâàíèé, ðàäіñíèé demonstration class, phr /demən streiʃən kl¸s/ âіäêðèòå çàíÿòòÿ dentist, n / dentəi st/ çóáíèé ëіêàð depend on, v /di pend Бn/ çàëåæàòè âіä describe, v /di skraib/ îïèñóâàòè deserve, v /di zÆ:v/ çàñëóãîâóâàòè design, n, v /di zain/ äèçàéí, äèçàéíóâàòè destroyed, adj /di strOid/ çðóéíîâàíèé dialogue, / daiəlБg/ äіàëîã diet, n / daiət/ äієòà difference, n / difərəns/ âіäìіííіñòü difficult, adj / difikəlt/ âàæêèé dig, v /dig/ êîïàòè dinner plate, phr / dinə pleit/ òàðіëêà äëÿ äðóãîї ñòðàâè direct a film, phr /dəi rekt ə film/ êåðóâàòè çéîìêàìè ôіëüìó dirt, ï /dÆt/ áðóä discuss, v /di skös/ îáãîâîðþâàòè dishwasher, n / diʃwБʃə/ ïîñóäîìèéíà ìàøèíà display, ï /di splei/ âèñòàâêà distance, ï / distəns/ âіäñòàíü district, ï / distrikt/ ðàéîí do karate, phr /kə r¸ti/ çàéìàòèñÿ êàðàòå
do sports, phr çàéìàòèñÿ ñïîðòèâíèì âïðàâàìè do the knitting, phr / nitiÎ/ â’ÿçàòè ñïèöÿìè do the laundry, phr / lþndri/ ïðàòè áіëèçíó do sums, phr ðîçâ’ÿçóâàòè ïðèêëàäè do the washing, phr / wþʃiÎ/ ïðàòè áіëèçíó downstairs, / daυn steəz/ âíèçó (ïî ñõîäàõ) dream about, phr / drЦm ə baυt/ ìðіÿòè ïðî ùîñü drear, adj /driə/ ïîõìóðèé, ïîíóðèé; áåçðàäіñíèé; íóäíèé drink, n /driÎk/ íàïіé drive, v /draiv/ âîäèòè àâòîìîáіëü dubbing, n / dцbiÎ/ äóáëÿæ dust the furniture, phr / döst Də fÆnitʃə/ âèòèðàòè ïèë ç ìåáëіâ duty, ï / djüti/ îáîâ’ÿçîê Ee earache, ï / iəreIk/ áіëü ó âóñі earthquake, ï / ÆTkweik/ çåìëåòðóñ eating habit, phr / ÖtIŋ h{bIt/ çâè÷êà ó õàð÷óâàííі either, conj / aiDə/ ÷è elbow, n / elbəυ/ ëіêîòü elderly people, phr / eldəli pÖpl/ ëþäè ïîõèëîãî âіêó email, ï / Цmeil/ åëåêòðîííèé ëèñò embroidering, n /Im brOIdərIŋ/ âèøèâàííÿ emphasise, v / emfəsaIz/ íàãîëîøóâàòè, íàäàâàòè îñîáëèâîãî çíà÷åííÿ enchanting, adj /in tʃ ntiÎ/ ÷àðіâíèé encourage, v /in köriі/ çàîõî÷óâàòè energy, n / enəіi/ åíåðãіÿ engage, v /in geiі/ çàëó÷àòè; çàéìàòèñÿ enlighten, v /in laitn/ ïðîñâіòèòè enough, n /i nöf/ äîñèòü, äîñòàòíüî enquiry, n /in kwaiəri/ çàïèò enter, v / entə/ âõîäèòè entertain, v / entə tein/ ðîçâàæàòè 197
entertainment, n /entə teInmənt/ ðîçâàãà erupt, v /i röpt/ âèâåðæåííÿ essential, adj /i senʃəl/ íåîáõіäíèé everyone, pron / evriwön/ êîæíèé examine, v /i gz mei n/ îãëÿäàòè example, n /i gz mpəl/ ïðèêëàä excellence, n / eksələns/ âèäàòíà ìàéñòåðíіñòü, äîñêîíàëіñòü excellent, adj / eksələnt/ ïðåêðàñíèé excited, adj /ik saitei d/ çâîðóøåíèé excitement, n /ik saitmənt/ çâîðóøåííÿ; çáóäæåííÿ exciting, adj /ik saitiÎ/ äèâîâèæíèé excursion, n /ik skÆ:ʃən/åêñêóðñіÿ exhibit, v /ig zibəi t/ âèñòàâëÿòè exhibition, n /eksəi biʃən/ âèñòàâêà expect, v /ik spekt/ î÷іêóâàòè expensive, adj /ik spensiv/ êîøòîâíèé experience, n /ik spiəriəns/ äîñâіä explore, v /ik splþ/ äîñëіäæóâàòè express, v /ik spres/ âèñëîâëþâàòè extraordinary, adj / ik strþdənəri/íåîðäèíàðíèé eye drops, phr /ai drБps/ î÷íі êðàïëі Ff fabulous, adj / f bjυələs/ ÷óäîâèé face, v /feis/ ñòèêàòèñÿ factory, n / f ktəri/ ôàáðèêà fall off, v / fþl Бf/ ïàäàòè family ties, phr / f məli taIz/ ðîäèííі çâ’ÿçêè fantastic, adj / f n t stik/ ôàíòàñòè÷íèé fantasy, n / f ntəsi/ ôåíòåçі ôіëüì fashion designer, n / f ʃən di zainə/ äèçàéíåð îäÿãó fashion, n / f ʃən/ ìîäà favourite, adj / feivər əi t/ óëþáëåíèé feast, n / fЦst/ ñâÿòêóâàííÿ feature, v / fЦtʃə/ ðèñè îáëè÷÷ÿ feel honoured, phr /fЦl Бnəd/ ïî÷óâàòè ãîðäіñòü fellowship, n / feləυʃip/ òîâàðèøóâàííÿ fencing, n / fensiÎ/ ôåõòóâàííÿ 198
fever, n / fЦvə/ æàð, âèñîêà òåìïåðàòóðà figure skating, n / figə/ ôіãóðíå êàòàííÿ filling, n / filiÎ/ íà÷èíêà finally, adv / faInəli/ íàðåøòі find out, v / faind aυt/ äіçíàòèñÿ fingernail, n / fiÎgəneil/ íіãîòü íà ïàëüöі fire, n /faiə/ ïîæåæà firework display, phr / faiəwÆk di splei/ ôåéåðâåðê firmly, adv / fÆ:mli/ ùіëüíî; ìіöíî; ðіøó÷å firstly, adv / fÆ:stli/ ïåðø çà âñå fitness studio, phr / fitnəi s stjüdiəυ/ ñòóäіÿ ôіòíåñó fitness, n / fitnəi s/ ôіòíåñ fizzy drink, phr / fizi driÎk/ ãàçîâàíèé íàïіé flatten, v / fl tn/ ðîçãëàäæóâàòè; ðîáèòè ðіâíèì flexible, adj / fleksəi bəl/ ãíó÷êèé flour, n / flaυə/ ìóêà focus, v / fəυkəs/ ôîêóñóâàòèñÿ fold, v /fəυld/ ñêëàäàòè follow, v / fБləυ/ ñëіäóâàòè food processor, phr /füd prəυsesə/ êóõîííèé êîìáàéí founder, n / faυndə/ çàñíîâíèê fountain, n / faυntəi n/ ôîíòàí foyer, n / fOie/ ôîéє freezer, n / frЦzə/ ìîðîçèëüíà êàìåðà frequently, adv / frЦkwəntli/ ÷àñòî, ïîñòіéíî fresco, n / freskəυ/ ôðåñêà fried, adj /fraid/ ñìàæåíèé friendly, adj / frendli/ äðóæíіé fry, v /frai/ ñìàæèòè frying pan, phr / fraiiÎ p n/ ñêîâîðіäêà full-size, adj / fυlsaiz/ ó ïîâíèé ðîçìіð Gg gallery, n / g ləri/ ãàëåðåÿ gardening, n / g dniÎ/ ñàäіâíèöòâî gargle, v / g gəl/ ïîëîñêàòè garlic, n / g lik/ ÷àñíèê
get around the table, phr /get/ çáèðàòèñÿ çà ñòîëîì get in through smb’s nose, phr ïîòðàïëÿòè ÷åðåç íіñ get on well with smb, phr ëàäèòè ç êèìîñü glad, adj /gl d/ ðàäèé gladness, n / gl{dnəs/ ðàäіñòü go away, phr /gəυ ə wei/ âіä’їæäæàòè äî іíøîãî ìіñöÿ go down, phr îïóñêàòèñÿ go hiking, phr / haikiÎ/ õîäèòè ó ïîõіä go picnicking, phr / piknikiÎ/ õîäèòè íà ïіêíіê go sightseeing, phr / sait sÖiÎ/ îãëÿäàòè âèçíà÷íі ìіñöÿ go up, phr ïіäіéìàòèñÿ go wrong, phr çіïñóâàòèñÿ golf, n /gБlf/ ãîëüô gorgeous, adj / gþіəs/ âåëè÷íèé government, n / gövəmənt/ óðÿä grab, v / gr b/ ñõîïèòè øâèäêîðó÷ grand, adj / gr nd/ âåëè÷íèé grape(s), n /greip(s)/ âèíîãðàä grass-covered area, phr òåðèòîðіÿ, âêðèòà òðàâîþ gratefulness, n / greItfəlnəs/ âäÿ÷íіñòü grater, n / greitə/ òåðêà great, adj /greit/ âåëè÷íèé, ÷óäîâèé grill, n /gril/ ãðèëü guess, v /ges/ çäîãàäóâàòèñÿ guide, n /gaId/ ïóòіâíèê, åêñêóðñîâîä guilt, n /gilt/ ïðîâèíà gymnast, n / іimn st/ ãіìíàñò(êà) Hh hand mixer, phr / h nd mIksə/ ðó÷íèé ìіêñåð happy, adj / h pi/ ùàñëèâèé hard, adj /h¸d/ âàæêèé harmonise, v / h mənaiz/ ãàðìîíóâàòè have a great time, phr äîáðå ïðîâîäèòè ÷àñ have smth in common, phr ìàòè ùîñü ñïіëüíå headache, ï / hedeik/ ãîëîâíèé áіëü heading, n / hediÎ/ çàãîëîâîê
heating pad, phr / hЦtiŋ p{d/ ãðіëêà high temperature, phr /hai temprəi tʃə/ âèñîêà òåìïåðàòóðà hire, v /haiə/ íàéìàòè historic, v /hi stБrik/ іñòîðè÷íèé hit, v /hit/ óäàðÿòè hockey, n / hБki/ õîêåé homeland, n / həυml nd/ äîìіâêà, ðіäíà çåìëÿ homelike, adj / həυmlaIk/ äîìàøíіé honey, n / höni/ ìåä horror film, phr / hБrə/ ôіëüì æàõіâ horse riding, n / hþs raIdIŋ/ âåðõîâà їçäà horseradish, n / hþs r diʃ/ õðіí hospital, n / hБspitl/ ëіêàðíÿ hot and cold running water, phr ãàðÿ÷à òà õîëîäíà âîäà (âîäîïðîâіä) household chores, phr / haυshəυld tʃþz/ äîìàøíі îáîâ’ÿçêè however, linker /haυ evə/ îäíàê huge, adj /hjüі/ âåëè÷åçíèé hunt, v /hönt/ ïîëþâàòè hurt v /hÆt/ ïîøêîäèòè Ii ice maker, phr / ais meikə/ ôîðìà äëÿ âèãîòîâëåííÿ ëüîäó ice pack, phr / ais p k/ ïóçèð ç ëüîäîì identify, v /ai dentəi fai/ іäåíòèôіêóâàòè ill, adj /il/ õâîðèé illusion, n /i lüʒən/ іëþçіÿ imagination, ï /i m іəi neiʃən/ óÿâà imagine, v /i m іəi n/ óÿâëÿòè important, ï /im pþtənt/ âàæëèâèé impressive, adj /im presiv/ âðàæàþ÷èé improve, v /im prüv/ ïîêðàùóâàòèñÿ in memory of smb, phr /in meməri əv/ íà ïàì’ÿòü ïðî êîãîñü in need, phr /in nЦd/ íóæäåííèé infinitive, n /in finəi tiv/ іíôіíіòèâ influence, v / influəns/ âïëèâàòè ingredient, n /in grЦdiənt/ іíãðåäієíò, ñêëàäîâà (ñòðàâè) inhabitant, ï /in h bəi tənt/ æèòåëü inside, prep /in said/ óñåðåäèíі, ó ïðèìіùåííі 199
inspire, v /in spaiə/ íàäèõàòè instead, prep /in sted/ çàìіñòü intelligent, adj /in teləi іənt/ ðîçóìíèé intensely, v /in tensli/ äóæå ñèëüíî; íàäìіðíî interested, adj /in trəi stəi d/ çàöіêàâëåíèé interval, ï / intəvəl/ àíòðàêò invite smb for smth, phr /in vait/ çàïðîñèòè êîãîñü êóäèñü iron clothes, / aiən kləυDz/ ïðàñóâàòè áіëèçíó Jj jelly, n / іeli/ æåëå jewel, n / іüəl/ ïåðëèíà jewellery, n / іüəlri/ êîøòîâíîñòі join, v /іOin/ âñòóïèòè, ïðèєäíàòèñÿ judo, n / іüdəυ/ äçþäî Kk keep an eye on smth, phr / kЦp ən ai Бn sцmTiÎ/ çâåðòàòè óâàãó kind, adj /kaind/ äîáðèé kitchen counter, phr / kitʃ əi n kaυntə/ êóõîííà ïîâåðõíÿ kitchen sink, phr / kitʃ əi n siÎk/ ìèéêà íà êóõíі kitchenware, n / kitʃ əi nweə/ êóõîííå ïðèëàääÿ knee, n /nЦ/ êîëіíî knife, n /naif/ íіæ knock smth off, phr /nБk Бf/ ñêèíóòè ùîñü Ll ladle, n / leidl/ ÷åðïàê, îïîëîíèê landmark, n / l ndm k/ âèçíà÷íå ìіñöå lard, n /l d/ ñàëî lawn, n /lþn/ ãàçîí legendary, adj / ledʒəndəri/ ëåãåíäàðíèé lemonade, n /leməneid/ ëèìîíàä length, n /leÎT/ äîâæèíà lift, n /lift/ ëіôò lights, n /laits/ âîãíі link, n /liÎk/ çâ’ÿçîê 200
liquid, n / likwəi d/ ðіäèíà listen to smb’s lungs, phr / lisən tə sцmbədiz lцŋz/ ïîñëóõàòè ëåãåíі locate, v /ləυ keit/ ðîçòàøîâóâàòèñÿ loneliness, n / ləυnlinəs/ ñàìîòíіñòü look for smth, phr /lυk fə/ øóêàòè ùîñü look forward, phr / lυk fþwəd/ ÷åêàòè ç íåòåðïіííÿì lose, v /lüz/ ïðîãðàâàòè lotion, n / ləυʃən/ ëîñüîí, ïðèìî÷êà lovely, adj / lövli/ ÷óäîâèé, ãàðíèé lunch box, n / löntʃ bБks/ ñíіäàíîê Ml magazine, n /m gə zЦn/ æóðíàë magnificent, adj /m g nif əi sənt/ âåëè÷íèé, ÷óäîâèé, ïèøíèé main course, phr /mein kþs/ ãîëîâíà ñòðàâà main, adj /mein/ ãîëîâíèé make money, phr / meik möni/ çàðîáëÿòè ãðîøі make one’s bed, phr / meik wцnz bed/ çàñòèëàòè ëіæêî maraphon, n / m{rəθən/ ìàðàôîí marble, adj / m bəl/ ìàðìóðîâèé market, n / m kəi t/ ðèíîê match, n /m tʃ/ ìàò÷ matins, n / m tinz/ âðàíіøíÿ ñëóæáà ó öåðêâі matinee, n / m təi nei/ ðàíêîâèé (äåííèé) ïîêàç ôіëüìó àáî òåàòðàëüíîї âèñòàâè mayonnaise, n /meiə neiz/ ìàéîíåç measuring cup, phr / meʒəriŋ kцp/ ìіðíà ÷àøêà medicine, ï / medsən/ ëіêè medieval, v /medi Цvəl/ ñåðåäíüîâі÷íèé memorable, adj / memərəbəl/ ïàì’ÿòíèé memorial plate, phr /mei mþriəl pleit/ ìåìîðіàëüíà äîøêà merchant, n / mÆtʃənt/ òîðãîâåöü message, n / mesiі/ ïîñëàííÿ messy, adj / mesi/ áåçëàäíèé microwave oven, phr / maikrəweIv цvən/ ìіêðîõâèëüîâà ïі÷ mile, n /mail/ ìèëÿ millennium, n /mi leniəm/ òèñÿ÷îëіòòÿ
miss, v /mis/ someone ñóìóâàòè çà êèìîñü modelling, n / mБdliÎ/ ìîäåëþâàííÿ modern, adj / mБdn/ ñó÷àñíèé monarch, n / mБnək/ ìîíàðõ monument, n / mБnj υəmənt/ ïàì’ÿòíèê moody, adj / müdi/ ó ïîãàíîìó íàñòðîї mosaic(s), n /məυ zeiiks/ ìîçàїêà motion picture projector, phr / məυʃən pIktʃə prə іektə/ êіíîïðîåêòîð mountain, n / maυntəi n/ ãîðà mouth-watering, v / maυT wþtəriŋ/ àïåòèòíèé move, n, v /müv/ ðóõ; ðóõàòèñÿ moving, adj / müviÎ/ çâîðóøëèâèé muddy, adj / mödi/ áðóäíèé mummy, n / mömi/ ìóìіÿ museum, n / mjü zÖəm/ ìóçåé musical, n / mjüzikəl/ ìþçèêë mysterious, adj /mi stiəriəs/ çàãàäêîâèé, òàєìíè÷èé Nn napkin, n / n pk əi n/ ñåðâåòêà nasal spray, phr / neizəl sprei/ êðàïëі â íіñ nativity scene, phr /nə tivəi ti si:n/ Ðіçäâ’ÿíà ñöåíà naughty, adj / nþti/ íåñëóõíÿíèé necessary, adv / nesəi səri/ íåîáõіäíèé negative, adj / negətiv/ çàïåðå÷íèé neither, conj / naiDə/ íі network, ï / netwÆk/ ìåðåæà newspaper, ï / njüs peipə/ ãàçåòà nightlife, n / naItlaif/ íі÷íå æèòòÿ noise, n /nOiz/ øóì, ãàëàñ novel, ï / nБvəl/ ðîìàí Oo observe, v /əb zÆv/ ñïîñòåðіãàòè occasion, n /ə keiʒən/ âèïàäîê, ïîäіÿ occupation, n /Бkj υə peiʃən/ ðіä çàíÿòü office, n / Бf əi s/ îôіñ official, adj /ə fiʃəl/ îôіöіéíèé oil, n /Oil/ îëіÿ ointment, n / Ointmənt/ ìàçü onion, n /önjən/ öèáóëÿ
online, adv / БnlaIn/ îíëàéí opera, n / Бpərə/ îïåðà operating theatre, n / БpəreItIÎ TIətə/ îïåðàöіéíà opportunity, n /Бpə tjünəi ti/ ìîæëèâіñòü orchestra, n / þkəi strə/ îðêåñòð organise, v / þgənaiz/ îðãàíіçîâóâàòè orphan, n / þfən/ ñèðîòà outline, v / aυtlain/ âèçíà÷àòè outside, prep /aυt said/ çîâíі, íà ñâіæîìó ïîâіòðі outskirts, n / aυtskÆ:ts/ îêîëèöÿ outstanding, adj /aυt st ndiÎ/ âèçíà÷íèé oven, n /övən/ ïëèòà own, v /əυn/ âîëîäіòè Pp pain, n /pein/ áіëü painting, n / peintIÎ/ êàðòèíà palace, n / p liəs/ ïàëàö pancake(s), n / p nkeik(s)/ ìëèíöі paper towel holder, phr / peipə taυəl həυldə/ òðèìà÷ ïàïåðîâèõ ðóøíèêіâ parachuting, n / p{rəʃ tIŋ/ ïàðàøóòíèé ñïîðò paragraph, n / p rəgrÓf/ àáçàö participant, n /p tisəi pənt/ ó÷àñíèê participate in smth, phr /p tisəi peIt/ áðàòè ó÷àñòü ó ÷îìóñü particular, adj /pə tikj υələ/ îñîáëèâèé partly, adv / p tli/ ÷àñêîâî patient, n / peiʃənt/ ïàöієíò, õâîðèé patron saint, phr / peitrən seint/ ñâÿòèé ïîêðîâèòåëü pavement, n / peivmənt/ òðîòóàð pavilion, n /pə viljən/ ïàâіëüéîí performance, n /pə fýməns/ âèñòàâà picturesque, adj /piktʃə resk/ æèâîïèñíèé pill, n /pil/ òàáëåòêà, ïèëþëÿ pillow, n / piləυ/ ïîäóøêà plant, v /pl nt/ ñàäèòè play golf, phr / plei gБlf/ ãðàòè ó ãîëüô play outdoors, phr / plei aυt dþz/ ãðàòèñÿ íà ñâіæîìó ïîâіòðі pleasure, n / pleʒə/ çàäîâîëåííÿ plural, adj / plυərəl/ ìíîæèíà 201
pollution, n /pə lüʃən/ ÿ çàáðóäíåíí poor, adj /pþ/ áіäíèé popcorn, ï / pБpkþn/ ïîïêîðí poppy seed(s), phr / pБpi sЦdz/ ìàêîâі çåðíÿòà popular, adj / pБpj υələ/ ïîïóëÿðíèé popularity, ï / pБpjυə l rəi ti/ ïîïóëÿðíіñòü portfolio, n /pþt fəυliəυ/ ïîðòôîëіî position, ï /pə ziʃən/ ïîçèöіÿ, ìіñöåçíàõîäæåííÿ possible, adj / pБsəi bəl/ ìîæëèâèé poster, ï / pəυstə/ ïîñòåð, ëèñòіâêà pot, n /pБt/ ãëå÷èê pound, ï /paυnd/ ôóíò ñòåðëіíãіâ (ãðîøîâà îäèíèöÿ) power, ï / paυə/ âëàäà practically, adv / pr{ktIk@li/ ïðàêòè÷íî prepare present(s), phr /pri peə prezənts/ ãîòóâàòè ïîäàðóíêè prescription, n /pri skripʃən/ ðåöåïò ëіêіâ present smb with smth, phr / prezənt/ äàðóâàòè êîìóñü ùîñü probably, adv / prБbəbli/ ìîæëèâî producer, ï /prə djüsə/ ïðîäþñåð production, ï /prə dökʃn/ âèðîáíèöòâî, ïðîäóêöіÿ professional, adj /prə feʃənəl/ ïðîôåñіéíèé programme, ï / prəυgr m/ ïðîãðàìà project, ï / prБdʒekt/ ïðîåêò prominent, adj / prБməi nənt/ âèäàòíèé promise, v / prБməi s/ îáіöÿòè pronounce, v /prə naυns/ âèìîâëÿòè pronunciation, n /pr@ nönsi eiʃən/ âèìîâà provide, v /pr@ vaid/ çàáåçïå÷óâàòè provision, /prə viʒən/ ïðîâіçіÿ, ïðîäóêò õàð÷óâàííÿ public, n / pöblik/ ñïіëüíîòà pulse, n /pöls/ ïóëüñ Qq quinsy, n / kwinzi/ àíãіíà Re rake, v /reik/ çàãðіáàòè really, àdv / riəli/ ñïðàâäі 202
recently, adv / rЦsəntli/ íåùîäàâíî recipe, n / resəi pi/ ðåöåïò recommendation, n /rekəmen deiʃən/ ðåêîìåíäàöіÿ recording, n /ri kþdiÎ/ çàïèñ reduce, v /ri djüs/ çìåíøóâàòè reflect, v /ri flekt/ âіäîáðàæàòè, âіäòâîðþâàòè refrigerate, v /ri fridʒəreit/ çàìîðîæóâàòè refrigerator, n /ri fridʒəreitə/ õîëîäèëüíèê regularly, adv / regj υ ə ləli/ ðåãóëÿðíî reign, v /rein/ ïðàâèòè, óïðàâëÿòè released, adj /rI lÖst/ âèïóùåíèé relevant, adj / reləi vənt/ âіäïîâіäíèé remarkable, adj /ri m kəbəl/ âèçíà÷íèé remind smb of smth, phr /ri maind/ íàãàäóâàòè êîìóñü ïðî ùîñü reminder, n /ri maində/ òå, ùî íàãàäóє remove, v /ri müv/ çàáèðàòè repairing, ï /rI pe@riŋ/ ðåìîíò repeatedly, adv /ri pЦtəi dli/ ïîñòіéíî repetitive battles, phr /ri petəi tiv b tlz/ ïîâòîðþâàíі áèòâè residence, ï / rezəi dəns/ ðåçèäåíöіÿ resource, ï /ri zþs/ ðåñóðñ responsibility, n /ri spБnsəi biləi ti/ âіäïîâіäàëüíіñòü restaurant, n / restərБnt/ ðåñòîðàí restore, v /ri stþ/ âіäíîâëþâàòè, ðåñòàâðóâàòè return, v /ri tÆn/ ïîâåðòàòèñÿ rhythm, ï / riDəm/ ðèòì rice, n /rais/ ðèñ rich, àdj /ritʃ/ áàãàòèé ride, v /raid/ їçäèòè rinse, v /rIns/ çìèâàòè roast suckling pig, phr /rəυst sökliÎ pig/ ñìàæåíå ïîðîñÿ roast, v /rəυst/ çàïіêàòè romance, n /rəυ m ns/ ôіëüì ïðî êîõàííÿ row, n /rəυ/ ðÿä royal, adj / rOiəl/ êîðîëіâñüêèé rubbish, n / röbiʃ/ ñìіòòÿ ruin, v / rüəi n/ ðóéíóâàòè ruler, n / rülə/ ïðàâèòåëü
run, v /rön/ ïðîñòèðàòèñÿ, òÿãíóòèñÿ (ïðî âóëèöþ) running time, phr / röniÎ taim/ òðèâàëіñòü ïîêàçó Ss salad fork, phr / s ləd fþk/ âèäåëêà äëÿ ñàëàòó salad plate, phr / s ləd pleit/ òàðіëêà äëÿ ñàëàòó salsa, n / s ls@/ ñàëüñà (òàíîê) sanitary station, phr / s nəi təri steiʃən/ ñàíіòàðíà ñòàíöіÿ satisfy, v / s təi fai/ çàäîâîëüíÿòè satisfying closure, phr / s təi sfaiiÎ kləυʒə/ çàäîâîëüíÿþ÷å çàâåðøåííÿ saucer, n / sþsə/ áëþäöå save, v /seiv/ çáåðіãàòè scald, n /skþld/ íåçíà÷íèé îïіê scenery, n / sЦnəri/ äåêîðàöіÿ schedule, n / ʃedjül/ ðîçêëàä science fiction film, phr / saiəns fikʃən film/ íàóêîâî-ôàíòàñòè÷íèé ôіëüì screen, n /skrЦn/ åêðàí script, n /skript / ñöåíàðіé sculpture, n / skölptʃə/ ñêóëüïòóðà seaside, n / sЦsaid/ ìîðñüêå óçáåðåææÿ season, v / sЦzən/ ïðèïðàâëÿòè ñïåöіÿìè seat, n /sЦt/ ìіñöå secondly, adv / sek@ndli/ ïî-äðóãå selection, n /səi lekʃən/ âèáіð serious, adj / siəriəs/ ñåðéîçíèé serve, v /sÆ:v/ ïîäàâàòè (íà ñòіë) service, n / sÆ:vəi s/ ñåðâіñ, îáñëóãîâóâàííÿ session, n / seʃən/ çàíÿòòÿ set a good example, phr /set ə gυd ig zÓmpəl/ âñòàíîâëþâàòè äîáðèé ïðèêëàä set a record, phr /set ə rekþd/ âñòàíîâèòè ðåêîðä set of knives, phr /set əv naIvz/ íàáіð êóõîííèõ íîæіâ set one’s goals, phr /set wцnz gəυlz/ ñòàâèòè öіëі set the table, phr /set Də teibəl/ íàêðèâàòè íà ñòіë
sew buttons on, phr /səυ bötnz Án/ ïðèøèâàòè ґóäçèêè share, v /ʃeə/ äіëèòè sharply, adv / ʃ pli/ ðіçêî shock, n /ʃБk/ øîê shopping centre, phr / ʃБpiÎ sent@/ òîðãіâåëüíèé öåíòð show, n /ʃəυ/ øîó shredded, adj / ʃredid/ ïîäðіáíåíèé shy, adj /ʃai/ ñîðîì’ÿçëèâèé sight, n /sait/ çіð sign up for smth, phr / sain öp fə sцmTiÎ/ çàïèñàòèñÿ sign, n /sain/ íàïèñ, ïіäïèñ silverware, n / silvəweə/ ñòîëîâі ïðèëàäè simple moves, phr / simpəl müvz/ ïðîñòі ðóõè simulator, n / simj υəleitə/ ñèìóëÿíò singular, adj / siÎgj υə lə/ îäíèíà skiing, n / skЦiÎ/ ëèæíèé ñïîðò skin, n /skin/ øêіðà skip, v /skip/ ñòðèáàòè íà ñêàêàëöі skyline, n / skailain/ ëіíіÿ îáðіþ slivered, adj / slivəd/ ïîäðіáíåíèé slowly, adv / sləυli/ ïîâіëüíî small burn, phr / smþl bÆ:n/ íåçíà÷íèé îïіê smart, adj /sm t/ ðîçóìíèé smell, v /smel/ ïàõíóòè smoke, v /sməυk/ ïàëèòè smoked meat, phr / sməυkt mЦt/ êîï÷åíå ì’ÿñî sneeze, v /snЦz/ ÷èõàòè snowball tree, phr / snəυbþl trÖ/ êàëèíà socially, adv / s@υʃ@li/ ñîöіàëüíî, îôіöіéíî society, n /sə saiəi ti/ ñóñïіëüñòâî solemn, adj / sБləm/ óðî÷èñòèé somersault, v / sцm@sþlt/ ðîáèòè ñàëüòî sore throat, phr /sþ TrəUt/ áіëü ó ãîðëі, õâîðå ãîðëî sound, v /saUnd/ çâó÷àòè soup bowl, phr /süp bəυl/ òàðіëêà äëÿ ñóïó southeast, adj /saUT Цst/ ïіâäåííîñõіäíèé southwest, adj /saUT west/ ïіâäåííîçàõіäíèé sovereign, n / sБvrəi n/ ïðàâèòåëü 203
spaghetti, n /spə geti/ ñïàãåòòі span, v /sp n/ ïåðåêðèâàòè special-effects-packed, phr / speʃəl-ifektsp kt/ íàïîâíåíèé ñïåöåôåêòàìè spice, n /spais/ ñïåöіÿ sports facilities, phr / spþts fə siləi tiz/ ñïîðòèâíі ñïîðÿäæåííÿ (çðó÷íîñòі) sportsman, n / spþtsmən/ ñïîðòñìåí spot, n /spБt/ ìіñöå stadium, n / steidiəm/ ñòàäіîí stage, n /steidʒ/ ñöåíà staircase, n / steəkeis/ ñõîäè stamina, n / st məi nə/ æèòòєâі ñèëè, æèòòєçäàòíіñòü stay in, v / stei in/ çàëèøàòèñÿ, çóïèíÿòèñÿ steamed, adj /stЦmd/ ïðèãîòîâëåíèé íà ïàðó step, n /step/ êðîê stomach ache, n / stöməkeik/ áіëü ó øëóíêó stream, n /strЦm/ ñòðóìîê strength, n /streŋT/ ñèëà stress-filled world, phr /s tresfild wÆld/ ñâіò, ñïîâíåíèé ñòðåñàìè stretch, v /stretʃ/ ïðîñòèðàòèñÿ, ðîçòÿãíóòèñÿ strong, adj /strБŋ/ ñèëüíèé struggle, v / strцgəl/ áîðîòèñÿ style, n /stail/ ñòèëü subtitles, n / sцb taitlz/ ñóáòèòðè success, n /sək ses/ óñïіõ sugar, n / ʃUgə/ öóêîð suit, v /süt/ ïіäõîäèòè surfing, n / sÆfiŋ/ ñåðôіíã surround, v / səraUnd/ îòî÷óâàòè survey, n / sÆvei/ îïèòóâàííÿ swallow, v / swБləU/ êîâòàòè swampy, adj / swБmpi/ áîëîòèñòèé swimming pool, n / swimiŋ pül/ áàñåéí Tt take care of smb, phr / teik keər əv/ ïіêëóâàòèñÿ ïðî êîãîñü take many curtain calls, phr / teik meni kÆtn kþlz/ âèõîäèòè íà áіñ take part in, phr / teik p¸t in/ áðàòè ó÷àñòü 204
take photographs (photos), phr / teik fəUt@gr¸fs/ ôîòîãðàôóâàòè take up, phr /teik цp/ çàéìàòèñÿ teaspoon, n / tЦspün/ ÷àéíà ëîæêà technical equipment, phr / teknikəl i kwipmənt/ òåõíі÷íå îáëàäíàííÿ technology, n /tek nБlədZi/ òåõíîëîãіÿ temple, n / tempəl/ õðàì terrace, n / terəi s/ òåðàñà terrible, adj / terəi bəl/ æàõëèâèé theatre guide, phr / Tiətə gaid/ òåàòðàëüíèé ïóòіâíèê (іíôîðìàöіéíèé çáіðíèê) theatre, ï / Tiətə/ òåàòð theatreland, n / Tiətə l nd/ òåàòðàëüíèé ñâіò theatrical performance, phr / Ti trikəl pə fþməns/ òåàòðàëüíà âèñòàâà theme park, phr / TЦm p k/ ïàðê àòðàêöіîíіâ thirdly, adv / θÆ:dli/ ïî-òðåòє thirsty, adj / TÆsti/ ñïðàãëèé though, conj /DəU/ õî÷à thriller, n / Trilə/ òðіëåð through, prep / Trü/ êðіçü ticket, n / tikəi t/ êâèòîê tidy up the room, phr / taidi цp Də rüm/ ïðèáèðàòè êіìíàòó tightly, adv / taItli/ ìіöíî tired, adj /taiəd/ ñòîìëåíèé To start with, phr /tə st¸t wiD/ Ïåðø çà âñå toaster, n / təUstə/ òîñòåð tomato, n /tə m təU/ ïîìіäîð tongue, n /tцŋ/ ÿçèê toothache, n / tüTeik/ çóáíèé áіëü totally, adv / təUtli/ ïîâíіñòþ tourist information centre, phr / tUərəi st infə meIʃən sentə/ òóðèñòè÷íèé öåíòð tournament, n / tUənəmənt/ òóðíіð track, n /tr k/ áіãîâà äîðіæêà trade fair, phr /treid feə/ òîðãіâåëüíèé ÿðìàðîê trade, n /treid/ òîðãіâëÿ tradition, n /trə diʃən/ òðàäèöіÿ traffic, n / tr fik/ òðàíñïîðòíèé ïîòіê train doctors, phr / trein dБktəz/ ãîòóâàòè ëіêàðіâ
train, v /trein/ òðåíóâàòè training session, phr / treiniŋ seʃən/ òðåíóâàííÿ trampoline, n / tr mpəlЦn/ òðàìïëіí travel, v / tr vəl/ ïîäîðîæóâàòè treat smb to smth, phr /trЦt/ ïðèãîùàòè êîãîñü ÷èìîñü treatment, n / trЦtmənt/ ëіêóâàííÿ treehouse, n / trЦhaUs/ áóäèíî÷îê íà äåðåâі trip, n /trip/ ïîäîðîæ turkey, n / tÆki/ іíäè÷êà twins, n /twinz/ áëèçíþêè Uu understand, v /цndə st nd/ ðîçóìіòè unfinished, adj /цn finiʃt/ íåçàêіí÷åíèé unforgettable, adj /цnfə getəbəl/ íåçàáóòíіé unfortunately, adv /цn fþtʃənətli/ íà æàëü unhealthy, adj /цn helTi/ íåçäîðîâèé, íåêîðèñíèé unique, adj /jυ nЦk/ óíіêàëüíèé unpleasant, adj /цn plezənt/ íåïðèєìíèé unspecific, adj /цnspe sIfIk/ íåñïåöèôі÷íèé upset, v /цp set/ ðîç÷àðîâóâàòèñÿ upstairs, /цp steəz/ íàãîðі (ïî ñõîäàõ) useful, adj / jüsfəl/ êîðèñíèé usher, n / цʃə/ áіëåòåð Vv vacuum the carpet, phr / v kjuəm Də k pəi t/ ïèëîñîñèòè êèëèì value, n / v ljü/ öіííіñòü variety, n /və raiti/ ðîçìàїòòÿ vegetable peeler, phr / vedZtəbəl pЦlə/ ÷èñòêà äëÿ îâî÷іâ vegetable steamer, phr / vedZtəbəl stЦmə/ ïàðîâàðêà victory, n / vikt@ri/ ïåðåìîãà view, n / vjü/ âèä, òî÷êà çîðó village, ï / vilidZ/ ñåëî violin, ï /vaiə lin/ ñêðèïêà
virtual reality, phr / vÆtʃuəl ri l əi ti/ âіðòóàëüíà ðåàëüíіñòü visitor, ï / vizəi tə/ âіäâіäóâà÷ vitamin, ï / vitəməi n/ âіòàìіí volleyball, n / vБlibþl/ âîëåéáîë Ww wake up, v /weIk цp/ ïðîêèäàòèñÿ wash, v /wБʃ/ ìèòè ïîñóä waste, v /weist/ âèòðà÷àòè ìàðíî wastebin, n / weIstbIn/ ñìіòíèê water glass, phr / wþtə gl s/ ñêëÿíêà äëÿ âîäè water the flowers, phr / wþtə Də flaUəz/ ïîëèâàòè êâіòè wealthy, adj / welTi/ êîøòîâíèé, áàãàòèé wear make-up, phr /weə meikцp/ íîñèòè ãðèì website, n / websait/ ñòîðіíêà Іíòåðíåòó wedding, n / wediŋ/ âåñіëëÿ weed, v /wЦd/ ïîëîòè weekend, ï /wЦk end/ âèõіäíèé äåíü weighlifting, ï / weit liftiÎ/ âàæêà àòëåòèêà weight, ï /weit/ âàãà well-known, adj / wel nəυn/ äîáðå âіäîìèé well-provided, adj / wel prə vaidId/ äîáðå çàáåçïå÷åíèé whitewash, v / waitwБʃ/ áіëèòè windmill, n / wind mil/ ìëèí wok, n /wБk/ âîê (ïîñóäèíà) wonder, v / wцndə/ öіêàâèòèñÿ wonderful, adj / wцndəfəl/ ÷óäîâèé wonderfully, / wцndəfəli/ ÷óäîâî wooden, adj / wUdn/ äåðåâ’ÿíèé wooden spoon, phr / wUdn spün/ äåðåâ’ÿíà ëîæêà worldwide, adv / wÆld waid/ ó âñüîìó ñâіòі wound, n / wünd/ ðàíà wrestling, n / resliŋ/áîðîòüáà Yy yoghurt, n / jБgət/ éîãóðò 205