The interaction function 2ยบ ESO / PAI III
INDEX 1.What is the interaction function? 2.Interaction function in plants 3.Interaction function in animal: the receptors 4.Interaction function in animal: coordination 5.Interaction function in animals: the effectors
1. What is the interaction function? The interaction function consists of 3 processes:
The perception of information
Processing and coordination
The execution of responses
1. What is the interaction function? LIVING THINGS RECEIVE INFORMATION THROUGH STIMULI
A stimulus is any change in the surroundings or in the living thing itself which can be perceived by it and cause an effect in it.
1. What is the interaction function?
1. What is the interaction function? TYPES OS STIMULI
PHYSICAL STIMULI (energy) Heat Light Vibrations Forces such as gravity
CHEMICAL STIMULI (substances) kinds
1. What is the interaction function? LIVING THINGS HAVE RECEPTORS PHOTORECEPTORS – Capture light
THERMORECEPTORS – Detect heat
MECHANORECEPTORS – Are sensitive to vibrations and forces
CHEMORECEPTORS – Are detectors of substances
1. What is the interaction function?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SE5aHVTm lm4
1. What is the interaction function? PROCESSING AND COORDINATION
Living things precess the information which comes from the receptors and prepare the organism to react by means of a coordinae response.
1. What is the interaction function? THE EXECUTION OF RESPONSES
Living things have effectors to carry out responses. Different ones produce movements, subtances, etc
2. Interaction function in plants TROPISMS: are plant responses which consist of directing their growth towards, or away from stimulus.
TYPES OF TROPISMS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QehTJMUtnk
2. Interaction function in plants NASTIC MOVEMENTS: are plant responses which consist of rapid movements of some parts. They are usually reversible. PHOTONASTY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zX1V0UQYU-0
THIGMONASTY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wB0WPiDvRL0
3. Interaction function in animals: the receptors The sense organs are receptors. They contain receptor cells that capture a particular type of stimulus and send a signal to the coordinations systems, which interpret them as a sensation (an image, a sound, a smell or a taste)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8ODqt4_Qro
3. Interaction function in animals: the receptors PHOTORECEPTOR ORGANS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WSsqaBwi4Zc
Simple eyes Compuond eyes Camera – type eyes
COMPOUND EYE / OJO COMPUESTO
http://factoides.com.ar/post/5195652690/cubomedusas
3. Interaction function in animals: the receptors THE MECHANORECEPTOR ORGANS
Hearing organs Balance organs The lateral line (fish) The sking
3. Interaction function in animals: the receptors THE CHEMORECEPTOR ORGANS of animals have receptor cells which capture substances which are in the air, water, and foods. They provide two closely related senses: smell and taste.
4. Interaction function in animals: coordination THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Captures the signals from the sense organs, interprets them and gives orders to carry out and to communicate these orders to the effector organs so they can give the responses.
4. Interaction function in animals: coordination
4. Interaction function in animals: coordination THE COMPLEXITY OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS In jellyfish and polyps (cnidaria), it is a simple network of neurons. En more complex animals, the neurons are grouped together to form: - Nerve centres, which process the information, such as the ganglia of molluscs and arthropods , or the encephalon and the spinal cord in vertebrates. - Nerves, which connect the sense organs to the nerve centres and these centres to the effectors.
4. Interaction function in animals: coordination THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The endocrine system produces substances called hormones, which travel round the organism and provoke responses, generally slow and lasting, in certain effectors.
5. Interaction function in animals: the effectors THE RESPONSES
The movements, caused by effectors that only animals have, namely: the muscles.
The secretions: very different substances produced and secreted by certain glands which act as effectors.
5. Interaction function in animals: the effectors THE MUSCLES AND MOVEMENTS Tissues or organs The muscle fibre are specialised to contract Produce movements
5. Interaction function in animals: the effectors THE GLANDS AND SECRETION The glands that produce secretions are organs or cell groups which, when they recive an order from the coordination systems, produce substances and secrete them, generally to the exterior environment.