2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
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Greece Key indicators Population (millions), 2007............................................................................11.2 Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ......................................................132.0 Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2007 .............................................313.8 Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2007 ...........................29,146.3 Real GDP growth (percent), 2007...................................................................4.0 Environmental Performance Index, 2008 (out of 149 countries).....................44
Travel & Tourism indicators Percent of total
T&T industry, 2008 estimates
2009–2018 annual growth (%, forecast)
GDP (US$ millions) ...........................................................21,394...................7.8 ....................3.9 Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................496.................10.8 ....................3.0
T&T economy, 2008 estimates GDP (US$ millions) ...........................................................47,420.................17.2 ....................3.9 Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................963.................20.9 ....................3.4 Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2008
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2007.................17,518 International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2007 .........15,513 20,000
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15,000
International tourist arrivals (thousands)
10,000
International tourism receipts (US$ millions)
5,000 0 1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
Rank (out of 133)
Score (1–7 scale)
2009 Index......................................................................................................24 2008 Index............................................................................................................22 T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................18
4.9 4.9 5.5
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................57 Environmental sustainability..........................................................................47 Safety and security .........................................................................................47 Health and hygiene .........................................................................................19 Prioritization of Travel & Tourism....................................................................3
4.6 4.8 5.6 6.4 6.1
T&T business environment and infrastructure ............................................27
4.7
Air transport infrastructure ..........................................................................19 Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................43 Tourism infrastructure ......................................................................................5 ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................40 Price competitiveness in the T&T industry...............................................114
4.7 4.1 6.7 3.8 3.9
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................27
4.6
Human resources ............................................................................................44 Education and training .............................................................................53 Availability of qualified labor...................................................................41 Affinity for Travel & Tourism ..........................................................................35 Natural resources ...........................................................................................74 Cultural resources...........................................................................................23
5.3 4.9 5.6 5.1 3.0 5.0 1
2
3
4
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
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Greece The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail INDICATOR
RANK/133
INDICATOR
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08
Prevalence of foreign ownership .................................64 ...■ Property rights..............................................................51 ...■ Business impact of rules on FDI ................................107 ...■ Visa requirements* ......................................................40 ...■ Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..........51 ...■ Transparency of government policymaking..................99 ...■ Time required to start a business*...............................57 ...■ Cost to start a business* .............................................64 ...■
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07
Stringency of environmental regulation .......................67 ...■ Enforcement of environmental regulation....................74 ...■ Sustainability of T&T industry development.................69 ...■ Carbon dioxide emissions* ..........................................99 ...■ Particulate matter concentration* ................................66 ...■ Threatened species* ....................................................81 ...■ Environmental treaty ratification*...................................2 ...■
3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04
Business costs of terrorism .........................................56 ...■ Reliability of police services .........................................63 ...■ Business costs of crime and violence..........................31 ...■ Road traffic accidents*.................................................73 ...■
4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04
Physician density*..........................................................1 ...■ Access to improved sanitation* ...................................39 ...■ Access to improved drinking water*..............................1 ...■ Hospital beds*..............................................................37 ...■
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05
Extent of business Internet use ...................................97 ...■ Internet users* .............................................................63 ...■ Telephone lines*...........................................................10 ...■ Broadband Internet subscribers* .................................37 ...■ Mobile telephone subscribers* ....................................29 ...■
10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05
Ticket taxes and airport charges*.................................99 ...■ Purchasing power parity*...........................................107 ...■ Extent and effect of taxation........................................72 ...■ Fuel price levels* .........................................................96 ...■ Hotel price index* ........................................................83 ...■
11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10
Primary education enrollment* ......................................7 ...■ Secondary education enrollment*................................17 ...■ Quality of the educational system................................82 ...■ Local availability of research and training services.......87 ...■ Extent of staff training..................................................81 ...■ Hiring and firing practices...........................................113 ...■ Ease of hiring foreign labor ..........................................73 ...■ HIV prevalence* ...........................................................49 ...■ Business impact of HIV/AIDS.......................................29 ...■ Life expectancy* ..........................................................12 ...■
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
11th pillar: Human resources
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04
RANK/133
8.01 Hotel rooms*..................................................................4 ...■ 8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*......................1 ...■ 8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards* ........................................20 ...■
3rd pillar: Safety and security
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
■ Competitive Advantage ■ Competitive Disadvantage
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
Government prioritization of the T&T industry.............20 ...■ T&T government expenditure* ....................................13 ...■ Effectiveness of marketing and branding.....................39 ...■ T&T fair attendance* ......................................................3 ...■
12.01 Tourism openness* ......................................................50 ...■ 12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..............16 ...■ 12.03 Extension of business trips recommended .................28 ...■
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04
Number of World Heritage natural sites* ....................23 ...■ Protected areas* ........................................................108 ...■ Quality of the natural environment...............................62 ...■ Total known species*...................................................73 ...■
14.01 14.02 14.03 14.04
Number of World Heritage cultural sites* .....................9 ...■ Sports stadiums* .........................................................34 ...■ Number of international fairs and exhibitions* ............19 ...■ Creative industries exports*.........................................34 ...■
13th pillar: Natural resources 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07
Quality of air transport infrastructure ...........................40 ...■ Available seat kilometers, domestic*...........................34 ...■ Available seat kilometers, international* ......................32 ...■ Departures per 1,000 population*................................31 ...■ Airport density* ............................................................14 ...■ Number of operating airlines*......................................19 ...■ International air transport network ...............................44 ...■
7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05
Quality of roads ............................................................47 ...■ Quality of railroad infrastructure...................................50 ...■ Quality of port infrastructure ........................................57 ...■ Quality of ground transport network ............................41 ...■ Road density*...............................................................35 ...■
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
part2A_profiles.r2
14th pillar: Cultural resources
* Hard data Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section “How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles” at the beginning of this chapter.
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