The McGill Tribune Vol. 42 Issue 4

Students march in protest at climate strike, renew calls for McGill to divest

Twenty-first annual McGill Pow Wow celebrates Indigenous life across communities

On Sept. 23, with hun dreds

Pow Wow on Lower Field. It had been two years since the last in-person Pow Wow, so this installment reintroduced Pow Wow to the grounds.

On Sept. 17, cross-coun

Simply running the six-kilo race, however, was not enough for Wellenstein.

(Jasmine Jing The McGill

Sara

Twenty-first annual McGill Pow Wow celebrates Indigenous life across communities Schedule included dancing, Inuit throat singing, and a Maori Haka performance

Sara Chiarotto O’Brien and Matthew Molinaro SciTech Editor and Managing Editor

Continued from page 1.

Indigenous and non-Indigenous students, faculty, and community members were invited to safely gather and share a site of learning, music, and joy on the sunny and lively lawn. Activities scheduled throughout the day, such as traditional and intertribal dancing, Inuit throat singing, and a Maori Haka performance, took place under a large white tent that served as the centre stage.

The event began at 11 a.m. with opening words followed by the Grand Entry. Elder and veteran Ray Deer, chief of the Kahnawake Royal Canadian Legion, carried the Canadian flag amongst others carrying the Haudenosaunee Confederacy flag and an Every Child Matters flag, accompanied by drumming from groups including the host drum, the RedTail Spirit Singers, and the cohost drum, the Ottawa River Singers.

Emcee of the event and journalist Lance Delisle highlighted the

importance of the event’s community elements in an interview with The McGill Tribune

“Pow Wow is an opportunity for traditional and non-traditional people––meaning Native and nonNative––to get together and share culture, share ideas, share dances, share celebration,” Delisle said.

Delisle spoke to the Pow Wow being a “homecoming” and a space for sharing, both in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and also as a Kanien’kehá:ka person, given that McGill is located on unceded Kanien’kehá:ka land.

“We have been so separated from each other culturally, spiritually, harmoniously,” Delisle said. “We are bringing that warmth by [this] connection, and certainly [...] the humanity back. Pow Wow reminds ourselves that we are [...] a whole people.”

Among the many vendors and organizations in attendance was McGill’s Indigenous Student Alliance (ISA). Leon Picha, U3 Management and member of the Kwantlen Nation, got involved with the ISA in his first year as a way to stay connected to Indigenous

communities when his own was far away. The Pow Wow reminded Picha of his first introduction to the Indigenous community at McGill, though it will be his last as a student.

“It is a beautiful close,” said Picha, who will graduate in June 2023. “Aside from the National Day of Truth and Reconciliation, this is the last time that I am going to see the Indigenous community as a whole at McGill.”

Jenni Makahonuk, co-chair of the ISA and member of the Lac Seul Nation, echoed Picha’s sentiments. In addition to educational events hosted by the ISA, Makahonuk leads an Anishinaabe and Ojibwe language study group on Wednesdays and helped design one of McGill’s 400-level Indigenous Studies seminar.

“It’s really hard for me to connect to [Indigenous] culture [here] because I am not from Montreal,” Makahonuk said in an interview with the Tribune “Having Pow Wow helps me connect back to my values and who I am.”

At around 1 p.m. in the main tent, Nina Segalowitz, an Inuit throat singer, activist, and caseworker at the Centre des femmes de Montréal, took

the floor to share stories and songs with the crowd. Throat singing has a long history in Inuit cultures: It was almost erased during colonization after the Catholic church attempted to suppress the practice under the pretense that it was a “form of devil worship.”

When she became a mother, Segalowitz made a pointed effort to incorporate the practice into her children’s everyday experience. Standing with her daughter, Sierra,

the two performed a game in which each sang part of a song to see who could sing the longest.

Singing with close friend Sarah Carriere and telling stories about the Canadian government’s mass killing of Inuit peoples’ sled dogs, Segalowitz and Carriere shared a single microphone so that they could feel each other’s breathing, each other’s heartbeat.

“We are still resilient. We are still here,” they both said.

Revised McGill sexual violence policy allows survivors to know disciplinary results of their cases

Juliet Morrison and Joseph Pappas News Editor and Contributor

Content Warning: Mention of sexual violence

Survivors who report allegations of sexual violence to McGill can now request information about the specific disciplinary or administrative action taken by the university against their aggressor.

Quebec’s Act respecting access to

documents held by public bodies and the protection of personal information had previously prohibited higher education institutions, including McGill, from sharing such information to protect the accused person’s privacy.

However, Bill 64, which the National Assembly passed in September 2021, mandates universities to share these details with survivors as of Sept. 22, 2022.

McGill’s revised Policy against Sexual Violence captured these legal changes during its triennial review,

held over the Winter 2022 and Summer 2022 terms. The updated Policy, which also included changes to reflect the university’s new internal resource for reporting—the Office for Mediation and Reporting (OMR)— was passed by the McGill Senate on Sept. 21.

The change will only apply to survivors who file a report under the Policy after Sept. 22 and whose case results in a finding of sexual violence following the university’s investigation process, according to McGill media relations officer Frédérique Mazerolle.

Previously, survivors would only be told their case ended—no further detail about disciplinary consequences would be disclosed unless the accused person gave their permission to do so. In an interview with The McGill Tribune, Stella*, a survivor who filed a report under the Policy in Fall 2020, explained that not knowing the specific disciplinary action imposed on an aggressor can take an extreme mental toll.

“[Being reprimanded] could literally mean ‘oh, just rewatch the It Takes All of Us training’,” Stella said. “Then you think about all this trauma I have been through, the fact that it scares me to look at myself in the

mirror, or that I am shaking or having nightmares every night.

Is that all it’s worth? Just redoing a seminar on saying no and asking for consent? Or are they expelled? [....] If you do not know that, you are still going to be looking for them behind your shoulder constantly.”

Stella added that being left in the dark can also make it hard to feel safe while attending school.

“No matter what, you’re not going to fully recover,” Stella said. “They are changing your life forever and you want to know what the school [is] doing to protect you because you are a student and you chose to go to this institution to study, to get involved, not to experience this.”

In an email to the Tribune, Émilie Marcotte, a sexual violence response advisor at the Office for Sexual Violence, Response, Support and Education (OSVRSE), believes transparency is crucial throughout the reporting process to ensure survivors feel safe when coming forward.

“Rather than being left with uncertainty, knowing the disciplinary results will help finalize the reporting process for a survivor,” Marcotte wrote. “Seeing the concrete outcomes that emerge from that initial act of reporting

provides further accountability and can help the survivor in regaining a sense of agency.”

Rachael Diotte-Lyles, advocacy branch representative at the Sexual Assault Centre of the McGill Students’ Society (SACOMSS), believes that the policy change creates a safer campus environment for survivors and that it could make survivors more likely to report instances of sexual violence.

“It was difficult for survivors to justify going through [the reporting] process and reliving traumatic memories when, even if it was determined that sexual violence occurred, they would remain in the dark about the disciplinary results,” Diotte-Lyles wrote in an email to the Tribune. “Through this change [...] the University is taking steps toward making survivors a priority.”

*Stella’s name has been changed to preserve their anonymity.

Those wishing to report an instance of sexual violence at McGill can contact OMR at omr@mcgill.ca. Those in need of counselling can reach out to OSVRSE at osvrse@mcgill.ca 514 398 3954 or SACOMSS at sacomss@gmail.com.

The organizers reiterated that Pow Wows are not spectacles to “watch Indigenous people,” rather, they are participatory events, inviting everyone to join in. (Jasmine Jing / The McGill Tribune)

Government officials brought onto Kanien’kehà:ka Kahnistensera court case against McGill Mohawk Mothers take issue with 57 cross-examination questions

Jasjot Grewal Contributor

CW: Mentions of colonial violence, abuse

On Sept. 20, the Kanien’kehà:ka Kahnistensera (Mohawk Mothers) attended a case management hearing at the Quebec Superior Court as part of their ongoing lawsuit against McGill over the New Vic project.

Exceptionally, federal and provincial representatives were brought onto the case as third parties. Independent Special Interlocutor Kimberly Murray was established as a “friend of the court”—someone brought on to offer outside expertise or information—during the proceedings. A member of the Kanesatake

Mohawk Nation herself, Murray is a federal representative for cases involving Indigenous unmarked graves and burial sites.

Daniel Benghozi, representing the Attorney General of Quebec (AGQ), was also added to the case as a third (impleaded) party because of its importance and potential to alter standing pieces of Quebec legislation, such as the Cultural Heritage Act.

Philippe Blouin, an anthropologist and associate of the Mohawk Mothers, thinks that the AGQ ended up playing an outsized role in the case.

“The Quebec attorneys [...] decided to join [the hearings] as a third party, but they ended up leading the whole defence […] and litigating very aggressively,” Blouin said in an interview with The McGill Tribune

According to Blouin, Murray’s inclusion as a third party in court seemed to worry McGill and the AGQ.

“[The opposition] fears that [Murray] will give evidence that there are bodies [on the land in question],” Blouin said. “It is quite an issue that Quebec is pushing back against the person in Canada who’s supposed to facilitate the investigation of unmarked graves.”

On Sept. 20, the AGQ filed a cross-examination in which they asked Mohawk Mother Kahentinetha 57 questions. The Mothers officially filed their answers on Sept. 21, though they found the questions to be problematic. Kahentinetha elaborated in an interview with the Tribune, saying she believes the questions served no purpose but to diminish her status as an Indigenous person in front of the court.

“Questions like, ‘how many nations are there in the Iroquois confederacy?’ First of all, there is no Iroquois confederacy,” Kahentinetha said.

Kwetiio, another Mother, echoed Kahentinetha’s sentiments and agreed that the Mothers found AGQ’s cross-examination questions to be irrelevant and uninformed.

“They gave her a set of questions […] that were almost comical in our eyes,” Kwetiio said in an interview with the Tribune “[These questions] are [striking] even to her being because they are all uneducated questions, so when she does answer them, all of them have nothing to do with the case.”

McGill media relations officer Frédérique Mazerolle stated that the university is devoted to resolving the dispute alongside Indigenous groups and governing bodies.

“We are committed to collaborating with governments, the Société Québécoise des infrastructures (SQI), [...] and Indigenous community leadership to undertake the work necessary to investigate this concern,” Mazerolle wrote in a statement to the Tribune

The Mohawk Mothers are not satisfied with McGill’s promises of collaboration. McGill announced in court its intent to strike down Blouin’s affidavit, a collection of 100 exhibits of analysis and explanations of archival evidence by Blouin himself, which the Mothers filed on Aug. 25. According to Blouin, the Mohawk Mothers are also frustrated with the SQI’s exclusion of the Mothers from the archaeological process.

“We have been [making requests] to meet with Arkéos for over a month [….] to make sure that they are not destroying forensic evidence of the bodies that are there [....] The SQI cancelled that meeting, and […] they forbid [Arkéos] to meet with us,” Blouin said. (Arkéos is the firm hired by McGill to survey the Royal Vic site.)

The SQI is postponing archeological work until they organize an information session with Arkéos. The Mohawk Mothers are apprehensive about attending such a meeting, however, as they fear the SQI may consider their presence as consent to begin work.

The next hearing will take place on Oct. 26, and the Mohawk Mothers have invited McGill students to attend and show their support.

Students claim negligence at newly constructed housing complex

Sabrina Nelson Contributor

On the first day of her lease at the new Le Mildoré apartment complex, McGill student Setareh Setayesh was dismayed to find most of the building still under construction. The unit she and her roommates had signed for was not ready yet, and they were placed in a temporary unit without some of the promised amenities. Setayesh told The McGill Tribune that there was also dust, debris, and construction equipment throughout the building.

Owned by University Apartments Canada and located on Peel, the building was supposed to be completed in May 2022, but construction was delayed and was unfinished come Sept. 1, when many residents’ leases started.

Setayesh, U2 Science, explained that despite anticipating a delay in the completion of the building, the management team had reassured her that her unit would be ready on time.

“Three days before our allotted move-in date, my roommates and I received an email stating that our unit was, in fact, not ready, and that we would be placed in a temporary unit until Sept. 18 at the latest,” Setayesh wrote in an email to the Tribune. “The morning of [Sept.] 18, my roommate obtained a number from some construction workers to contact the building management, and he informed us that the room had not yet been inspected or

cleaned and so our move-in would be delayed to [Sept.] 23.”

During construction, Le Mildoré was heavily advertised to McGill and Concordia students, with Concordia renting 22 apartments to use as student residences. Madelyne Mackintosh, U2 Science and a Mildoré resident, feels the owners took advantage of the relative lack of resources and knowledge students have of their housing rights.

“Lease terms began on Sept. 1 and the building is [still] wrought with issues, from the minor to the dangerously severe,” Mackintosh wrote in an email to the Tribune. “Yet, the corporation is now failing to meet their legal obligations, leaving those students in unethical and sometimes dangerous living situations, because they know we lack the time, money, and resources to ensure that they are penalized for their behaviour.”

Andrew Barker, leasing manager at the complex, expressed that the company was upset at the inconvenience that the construction delays had posed to the tenants. Yet, as they did not want students to be left without a home at the start of the semester, they decided to have students move into the completed units but to restrict floors and areas that remained unfinished.

“The building has been certified safe by the architects and engineers who have signed and stamped the occupancy permit,” Barker wrote in an email to the Tribune. “It is very important for us that our tenants live in a building that lives up to their expectations,

and we’re getting there. The contractor, for example, has a full-time team of four people triaging and assigning issues to the right tradespeople.”

Mackintosh and Setayesh, however, do not believe the building was safe when tenants began moving in. Mackintosh pointed to an instance where an electrical outlet allegedly shocked a resident, and despite immediately

reporting the incident to management, they did not hear back until a week later.

Both are part of a group of students living in the building who went to the Régie du logement to learn how to file notices; they hope that taking formal action will pressure the building management to take residents’ concerns more seriously and to address issues swiftly.

Property management failed to deliver promised apartments by deadline, leaving students desperate

Setareh Setayesh, U2 Science, said that the management has failed to reduce the price of their tempo rary unit despite its value not corresponding to its listed price. (mildore.ca)

Mohawk Mothers take issue with 57 cross-examination questions (Kowin Chen / The McGill Tribune)

Allie Harrison Contributor

Divest

McGill, a student activist group on campus, held a rally and march for the climate on the afternoon of Sept. 23. They started at the bottom of McTavish Street before leading sign-wielding and chanting students up to the George-Étienne Cartier Monument at Parc Jeanne-Mance. There, the McGill group joined the tide of Montrealers attending the annual global climate strike, organized by Fridays for Future.

At the rally, Divest called on McGill to retract its investments in fossil fuels and to recognize the harm that their investments are causing to the environment and to Indigenous communities. Spokespeople for Divestalso stressed the importance of standing against the construction on the Royal Victoria Hospital site, where McGill plans to excavate grounds suspected of containing the unmarked graves of Indigenous children.

Divest was joined by the Association of Graduate Students Employed at McGill (AGSEM),

which passed a mandate on Sept. 20 to go on strike for the climate on Sept. 23, even though their affiliate union, the Confédération des Syndicats Nationaux, had advised against it.

But according to Kiersten van Vliet, PhD candidate in Musicology and AGSEM Mobilization Officer, striking was imperative due to the urgency of the climate crisis.

“Climate actions like these have not been a part of the labour movement because our employers do not see the connection between climate justice and labour rights,” van Vliet said, addressing the crowd at the rally. “But climate justice is labour justice [.…] There is no economy on a dead planet.”

Before leaving campus for the city-wide protest, McGill protestors were joined by contingents from Concordia University and Dawson College. Laura Doyle Péan, 4L and Divest member, told The McGill Tribune that they believe interuniversity solidarity is a powerful tool for the climate justice cause.

Doyle Péan explained that after Divest’s occupation of the Arts building last year, similar protests were held at Concordia and

Université de Montreal (UdeM). After the UdeM occupation, students were able to get a commitment from the university to divest from fossil fuels. Doyle Péan emphasized that the multi-school network that activists have built was a key driver of this step forward.

“It brought me a lot of joy today to see AGSEM on strike and to see Concordia and Dawson students coming up to McGill so that we could

march together, because the links we are building are essential to the work that we are doing,” Doyle Péan said.

Lola Milder, U2 Arts and member of Divest, said that after Divest’s occupation, the group’s focus has shifted more towards democratizing the university and community building.

“I think climate strike days are a unique moment for people to feel connected to a community of people

that have the same frustrations, or motivations,” Milder said in an interview with the Tribune. “I hope that people will be inspired to action, feel a sense of community, and be confident in returning to it, whether that is through coming to a Divest meeting or joining another community organization.”

Aglaé Lambert, U2 Environment, was among the thousands who took to the streets. She explained in an interview with the Tribune that her motivations for attending reflect her hopes for the future.

“I want a more just world for every person,” Lambert said. “I want the world that we have to be possible for the next generation. I feel anxious and stressed about the future. But I know at the bottom of it there is something we can do.”

According to Doyle Péan, Divest’s next rally will be held on Oct. 26 in collaboration with the McGill Radical Law Students’ Association (Radlaw) to stand in solidarity with the Kanien’kehá:ka kahnistensera, who are currently taking legal action against the New Vic project.

Eliza Lee Contributor

This week on Along Party Lines, The McGill Tribune examines where Quebec’s major political parties stand on housing and healthcare ahead of the provincial election on Oct. 3.

Housing in Quebec

Over the past several years, Quebec has faced a housing shortage due to skyrocketing rents and asking prices, limited subsidized housing, and high vacancy rates due to individuals purchasing investment properties with no intention of renting them out. Some politicians have proposed measures to combat the shortage, including eliminating the welcome tax—a fee home buyers must pay to municipalities—to increase affordability, and creating a vacancy tax to encourage owners to rent out property.

Healthcare in Quebec

The COVID-19 pandemic showcased the province’s healthcare system failings, including long wait times in emergency rooms and waitlists for surgeries due to understaffed hospitals and low bed availability. The shortage of doctors and nurses has forced those already on staff to work mandatory overtime

and has even led to hospital closures.

Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ)

Premier François Legault, the CAQ’s leader, has promised to build 11,700 new units of social housing and to subsidize 7,200 units if reelected. The CAQ’s platform does not contain any policies addressing the vacancy rate or welcome tax.

In response to low hospital bed availability, the CAQ has proposed using home hospitalizations, where patients are treated virtually, as an approach for certain types of care.

The party supports a healthcare system that uses a mixture of private and public providers, and has suggested creating private “mini hospitals” for frontline care.

Legault has promised to recruit an additional 660 doctors and 5,000 other healthcare workers over the next four years.

Liberal Party of Quebec (PLQ)

The PLQ plans to provide more affordable housing by building 50,000 units of social housing over a 10-year period. Party leader

Dominique Anglade has promised to remove the welcome tax for home buyers and to impose a vacancy tax for non-resident owners.

To combat hospital wait times, the party plans to purchase 4,000 additional hospital beds to increase

hospital capacity. The PLQ has also proposed increasing the number of students in nursing and medical programs and collaborating with private providers to decrease the backlog of patients awaiting surgery. Conservative Party of Quebec (PCQ)

The PCQ does not support subsidized social housing and, instead, promises to offer government allowances to increase affordability. The party’s platform has no policies on the welcome or vacancy tax.

Éric Duhaime, the PCQ’s leader, supports competition between the private and public healthcare sectors to reduce wait times. The PCQ plans to launch a pilot project of a completely private hospital and wants to allow citizens to purchase private health insurance as a supplement to public insurance. The party promises to raise the number of admissions to Quebec medical schools from 300 to 500 per year.

Québec Solidaire (QS)

QS has promised to build a total of 50,000 social housing units if elected. QS spokesperson Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois plans to convert new buildings, such as offices, into community housing, and promotes

alternative types of homeownership, including housing cooperatives.

QS’s platform also includes a policy to create a 0.5 per cent to one per cent tax for vacant units.

QS plans to increase the involvement of Local Community Service Centres (CLSCs) for minor health concerns to alleviate the strain on hospitals. The party also proposes hiring 900 more psychologists and 1,000 other mental healthcare workers in public clinics and hospitals.

Parti Québécois (PQ)

The PQ, led by Paul St-

Pierre Plamondon, supports the construction of subsidized housing, such as housing cooperatives. The party promises to tighten regulations on real estate speculation, but its platform does not contain specific policies that address this, the welcome tax, or the vacancy tax.

The party is opposed to private healthcare organizations, and instead advocates for universal healthcare. If elected, it would also raise the number of admissions to healthcare programs in the province and use CLSCs to treat non-severe medical emergencies.

‘No on a says Mobilization Officer climate

McGill is the university Montreal that committed (Jasmine Jing / The McGill Tribune)

The PLQ, CAQ, and QS are the only parties to support further development of the province’s mental healthcare infrastructure. (thestar.com)

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Say her name—Jina Amini

The McGill Tribune Editorial Board

Iran is experiencing its second week of protests following the murder of Jina (Mahsa) Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish woman tortured and killed in Tehran by ‘morality’ police forces for improperly wearing a hijab. Since Jina’s death, dozens of protesters have been killed, thousands more have been arrested, and the government has enforced a nationwide internet blackout. While solidarity with Iranians against the regime is crucial, Western onlookers must be critical of the lens through which they view the protests in Iran. Popular narratives in Western media ignore the significance of Jina’s Kurdish identity, propagate islamophobic rhetoric used to justify forced secularism in places like Quebec, and fail to address the harms of U.S. and Canadian sanctions on Iranians.

The one-dimensional narrative of women’s oppression in Iran obscures its intersectionality with Kurdish oppression. Jina Amini was a Kurdish woman who, like all Kurds in Iran, was forced to revoke her name and instead go by an Iranian name. Referring

to Jina as Mahsa erases Jina’s Kurdish identity from her legacy and perpetuates structural racism in Iran. The Kurdish phrase that has become the slogan of the movement— ‘Jin Jîyan Azadî’ (‘Women, Life, Freedom’)— holds power as an expression of Kurdish independence. The protests in Iran are not just about women’s emancipation, but also about Kurdish liberation and Rojhelat’s (Iranian Kurdistan) struggle for self-determination.

The inability to locate Jina’s story in a broader, multi-faceted liberatory framework is a symptom of Western feminism. Islamophobic rhetoric in the West has created an oversimplified narrative where hijabs equal oppression.

The issue is one of women’s choice, not the hijab itself. The popular circulation of videos and photos of women burning their hijabs suggests that the religious garment is the focal point of the women’s liberation movement in Iran, and that all Iranian women are necessarily in favour of secular feminism. This sentiment is also exemplified by the reactionary and misleading ‘before and after photos’ of the Iranian Revolution. The nature of a woman’s clothing is not indicative of her freedom—this

notion denies Iranian women their voices in framing their own emancipation against patriarchal violence.

Further, such representations are dangerously used to justify secularism in Quebec and France, prompting support of laïcité and the enforcement of discriminatory policies such as Bill 21. But one common thread uniting Iran, Quebec, and France is the repressive infringement on women’s bodily autonomy. Reducing the situation to religious emancipation falls into an Orientalist and severely misrepresentative perception of Iran, Islam, and SWANA countries more broadly.

Western onlookers must oppose U.S. sanctions and confront how Western governments and media benefit from painting Iran as an evil and repressive regime. North American governments are not interested in a democratic and prosperous Iran. Since 1953, their interests have lain in the oil industry and a subservient government. U.S. and Canadian sanctions against Iran have had devastating effects on Iranians. The country is facing extreme economic inflation, limiting access to health care and critical medical equipment,

and restricting agricultural and humanitarian imports.

Further, sanctions on Iran actually reinforce domestic power structures and cement the influence of authoritarian leadership. Ultimately, the most vulnerable Iranians— women, ethnic minorities, and the working class—are hit the hardest. Sanctions are unjust, ineffective, and anti-feminist, and are far from an appropriate Western response to the protests in Iran.

Western powers tend to project themselves as champions of human rights. Yet across Iran, Quebec, France, and the U.S., women’s rights are under attack.

Framing women’s liberation movements in the East within the lens of Western feminism dangerously misrepresents the problem and fails to account for intersectional struggles. This framework propagates harmful rhetoric and leads to discriminatory legislation. We must situate our ideologies in a global economic and political context, and be wary of the interests of Western powers in their approaches towards Iran. Jina deserves more than to be carelessly inserted into onedimensional and self-serving narratives of institutional failure.

Greek life, behind closed doors

Sarina Macleod Copy Editor

had pointed out had his tongue down her throat. That’s when I was forced to confront a notion that I always knew but somehow allowed myself to be blinded from in the pursuit of free beer and a party: I fucking hate Greek life.

I can’t say that my experience got much better throughout the evening. We’ve all seen the movies. We all know the stereotypes. I definitely wasn’t walking into this party expecting McGill’s best and brightest, but I thought “hey, it’s Canada. It can’t be that bad.” I was wrong. This party was riddled with flags so red, even the most colour-blind of bulls would have gone ballistic.

wanted to be them. I beat a guy in beer pong twice, and, let me tell you, it was clear that I had committed sacrilege.

After that guy “let me win” (yes, he said that), I went looking for the free beer I was promised. Brothers kept steering me towards the jungle juice which, in all honesty, felt a little weird. I’m not implying there were roofies in there, I just know how easy it is to make a velvet hammer of a jungle juice: 90 per cent alcohol that tastes like 100 per cent juice but produces 150 times the bad decisions. No thanks, I’ll opt for drinking warm PBRs in the basement packed with sweaty, jumping 20-year-olds.

think too much about it until the Delta Kappa Epsilon (DKE) Roofie story began to spread by word of mouth and surfaced on the McGill subreddit. For those unfamiliar, three girls were allegedly slipped the date-rape drug Rohypnol at a DKE frat house party last October. No statements were made, but other frats like Sigma Chi closed off their own Halloween parties to outsiders, making it clear they only wanted people in attendance who would protect their own. Say what you will about frats and sororities, but their ability to bury skeletons and pawn off accountability is unmatched.

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Welcome to the club. You’re, like, one of the few pretty girls at McGill. Use it wisely.” No, that’s not a quote from a Mean Girls production at McGill. That’s a genuine thought expressed to me by a sorority girl at my first—and only—frat party. Following that linguistic beauty and feminist wonder of a statement, she asked me who I found cute so she could introduce me to them. No less than 15 minutes later, the guy I

I was invited to the party by a friend who was rushing the frat. The theme: CEOs and office hoes —a classic. As an outsider, I can only describe the rush party as a souped-up peacocking of upper frat and sorority members trying to show off for their rushees. It was like a networking event for drunken first graders trying to seem like the coolest kids on the playground—the people they knew, the connections they had, the people who wanted them or

If those prior impressions of Greek life hadn’t already turned me off from frat houses, this next one definitely did. For whatever reason, my friends were going upstairs, so I went with them. That’s where I saw it—bedroom doors that could be padlocked from the outside. Although it wasn’t clear exactly what purpose they served, I knew it wasn’t for anything above board.

So, I never went to another frat party again. I didn’t really

A week after the story was posted, I witnessed their cult-like attempts at vindication firsthand. I asked a sorority girl about the incident, and she immediately went on the defensive for DKE. Later, to probe a little further, I asked her about a frat guy I saw for a short period of time. She told me she had “heard things” about him, but it wasn’t her information to share. The secrecy and insular nature had struck again.

Like I said, I fucking hate Greek life.

Joseph Abounohra, Kareem Abuali, Sequoia Kim, Kennedy McKee-Braide, Madison McLauchlan, Michelle Siegel, Sophie Smith

Margo Berthier, Ella Buckingham, Melissa Carter, Kowin Chen, Julie Ferreyra, Suzanna Graham, Jasjot Grewal, Allie Harrison, Gabriel Helfant, Jasmine Jing, Monique Kasonga, Sumire Kierkosz-Uneo, Eliza Lee, Zoé Mineret, Sabrina Nelson, Joseph Pappas, Ella Paulin, Maddie Perry, Maeve Reilly, Millie Roberts, Renée Rochefort, Luke Schramm, Athina Sitou, Isy Stevens, Lauren Strano, Theo Yohalem Shouse

More pedestrianized streets, please

Theodore Yohalem Shouse Contributor

It’s

a beautiful day: Birds chirping overhead, cyclists zooming by, neighbours and shopkeepers chatting, people enjoying shawarma and poutine on benches. No, you’re not in a park. You’re in the middle of the Plateau, on Mont-Royal Avenue—and there are no carbon-dioxide–spewing vehicles in sight.

Montreal’s pedestrian-only streets, which can be found across the island from Verdun to Little Italy, create a unique ambience that gives the city its charm, beauty, and grit. Car-free spaces provide significant social and economic benefits, and on top of that, more space for bikes and pedestrians encourages people to ditch their cars, lowering the city’s carbon footprint. Montreal’s pedestrian streets are a great example of smart urbanism, and the city ought to expand the program and make the pedestrian streets a year-round phenomenon. Further, other North American cities should take a page out of Montreal’s book and develop their own pedestrian street programs.

Montreal’s long-term, summer-wide pedestrian streets were initially conceived to provide space for outdoor social interaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the popularity of the program and its economic benefits, such as increased business activity and rising property values, the city chose to extend it. Mayor Valérie Plante announced in April that the city would be spending $12 million to pedestrianize streets over the next three summers.

Pedestrian streets, along with their aesthetic and environmental benefits, are an economic boon for cities. According to Luc Rabouin, the mayor of the Plateau-Mont-Royal borough, the pedestrianization of Wellington Street last summer brought in 17 per cent more shoppers and visitors. Furthermore, average property values along a street rise as the street becomes more walkable. Compared to the auto-oriented sections of cities and towns, walkable areas bring in more taxes due to a higher rate of economic activity.

This is only common sense: As streets become safer and more inviting, people choose to shop and walk along them. They spend more time passing storefronts and perusing windows. The streets become social and economic hubs, tying neighbourhoods together.

Considering their environmental benefits, it’s hard to see why some people might oppose efforts to pedestrianize cities. While critics posit that the reduced space for cars disincentivizes economic activity, studies have shown that travellers that walk or take public transit spend more per month at local businesses than drivers. Critics also argue that pushing cars off main thoroughfares will intensify traffic elsewhere in the city. However, when cities prioritize walking and public transit, people are encouraged to switch from driving to these alternatives, meaning traffic levels in the city should decrease because fewer people are using their cars. This effect has been demonstrated in cities such as New York City and Madison, Wisconsin.

One concern that’s especially pertinent for Montreal is that, if the pedestrian streets remained open all year round, they wouldn’t see use in the cold months. But just as Montrealers flock to parks when the snow falls with their sleds, skis, and skates, they would take advantage of car-free streets, too.

Montreal’s pedestrianization pilot program is a step in the right direction—hopefully Toronto and Vancouver will follow suit. But the program should be greatly expanded. First, the pedestrian streets should become permanent parts of the cityscape, not just summer treats. Imagine the convenience and advantages that would come with pedestrian and bike-friendly avenues crisscrossing the city year-round. Projects in cities such as New York City and Boston have transformed ugly and congested streets into mixed-use transit, bike, and pedestrian boulevards. Montreal should also create more public squares, which yield many of the same benefits as pedestrian streets. At some of the most notorious and awkward intersections in New York City where diagonal streets meet the grid, cars are pushed to the side to make way for pedestrian-friendly plazas. It’s fairly cheap to do this: Some new street furniture, lighting, planter boxes, and sidewalk paint or pavers will do the trick.

Considering how easy and beneficial it is to reorient cities from cars to people, Montreal should double down on its efforts and continue to prove that it’s the coolest city in Canada.

Ushering in a new future for McGill’s museums

Monique Kasonga Contributor

Museums:

A quintessential aspect of family vacations, school trips, and artsy dates. For centuries, they have offered visitors the chance to explore conceptual, social, scientific and artistic heritages. But museums hold more weight than most realize; they are inherently political and consistently perpetuate racism. Non-Western cultures are frequently misrepresented in exhibitions, and artifacts that were looted through colonial practices remain proudly on display. To create a space where non-Western cultures are respected, museums must be openly accessible, and institutions like McGill must embrace their role in sharing underserved historical narratives..

Although museums often showcase foreign cultures and underrepresented aspects of history in an attempt to make them more widely available, the institutions themselves are all too inaccessible.

Due to class and educational disparities, many people, particularly people of colour, lack access to the cultural and historical resources that museums can provide. This inaccessibility perpetuates the mythicization of various cultures

and transforms museums into white spaces where people of colour no longer feel welcome, internalizing the concept of othering.

McGill’s Redpath Museum holds 17,000 archaeological and ethnological artifacts.

Approximately 2,500 of these objects are from the African continent and are said to have been collected since the beginning of the 20th century, when British imperialism was in full swing. One cannot help but wonder about the origins of their acquisition, and what practices of colonial violence may have taken place in order for them to be present on McGill campus today.

Considering the recent debate over whether the display of Egyptian mummies in Western museums is culturally insensitive or not, it is time for McGill to reconsider the presence of these artifacts in the Redpath Museum.

Historically, many countries outside the Western world have had their histories stolen from them.

Since formal colonialism came to an end, a widespread practice of concealing its atrocities from the public consciousness has developed, and museums have contributed to this cultural erasure. Further, following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, many aspects of the

Crown’s colonial history are being revisited. Calls are growing in South Africa for Britain’s royal family to return the world’s largest known clear-cut diamond, mined by the South African colonial authorities and handed over to the British monarchy in 1905. Many diamonds and other precious gems and artifacts that the French and British Empires looted are displayed in museums as a proud representation of a dark colonial past.

Neocolonialism can be combatted by making history more accessible. Western museums that hold stolen artifacts should be returning them to their countries of origin. Not only will this empower cultures that have suffered and continue to suffer at the hands of colonialism, but it would offer those most affected by colonial erasure to expand on their own personal histories. Further, McGill should be using the spaces dedicated to preserving history to educate students about Canada’s shameful colonial past that is currently being upheld in museums across the country.

Many remain unaware that the majority of the McCord Museum’s collections are owned by McGill and that the museum has a contractual agreement to manage McGill’s

Canadian History Collections.

It would be a great step forward for McGill to have this museum expand on the aspects of history that students may not be informed about. The institution should be providing students and Montrealers— particularly those who have been impacted by colonialism, such as racialized people—with better access.

It is important that spaces dedicated to preserving history are transparent about all parts of the

story, even those that may not be the most comfortable. There are many parts of history that have been concealed, like the fact that James McGill was a slaveholder, and it is high time that this type of historical information be made widely accessible. Universities play a central role in discovering and teaching history, and McGill must take its role more seriously while also disseminating non-whitewashed history to all those looking to learn.

Pedestrianized streets had over 80 per cent support from Montrealers in 2020. (Isabelle Bleau Commu nications)

Of all the museums in Canada, Redpath is housed in the oldest building. The Red path Museum is the oldest building in Canada built to house a museum. (Gabriel Helfant / The McGill Tribune)

Athina Sitou Contributor

The 34th edition of Soup and Science, an event for prospective undergraduate researchers and curious students organized by McGill’s Faculty of Science, made such a comeback that the in-person registration was full. During the week of Sept. 19, The McGill Tribune at tended two fascinating talks about the medical uses of Vi agra and the transformation of sensory input into behaviour.

Viagra: An affordable treatment for asphyxiated newborns

While Viagra, scientifically known as sildenafil, is most known for its use as a treatment for erectile dysfunc tion in men, it has also proven to be an effective treatment in newborns with high blood pressure in their lungs.

Dr. Pia Wintermark, a neonatologist and an associate professor in McGill’s Department of Pediatrics, discovered along with her team that sildenafil treatment may decrease the effects of brain injury in newborns suffering from oxy gen deprivation or asphyxiation. Using a rat model of birth asphyxia, they demonstrated that sildenafil acts by creat ing new neurons and decreasing inflammation in the brain. Currently, Wintermark and her team are conducting a clini cal trial in Uganda where access to total body cooling—the standard treatment for asphyxiated newborns—is limited.

During her talk, Wintermark also addressed some of the questions that many undergraduate students interested in research may have asked themselves. To get started, stu dents should find a topic they are passionate about and a lab in that respective field. They should then send an email to the principal investigator to express their interest, while

keeping in mind that researchers have very busy schedules. According to Wintermark, motivated undergraduate stu dents stand out by being enthusiastic about the work being done in a prospective lab.

“Never stop at the first obstacle. [You have to] cope with [any potential setbacks] and find solutions,” Winter mark noted. “Be ready for some work.”

Cracking the (neural) code: Understanding how the brain perceives and reacts to the environment

Maurice Chacron, a professor in McGill’s Department of Physiology, studies how information from the environ ment is processed in the brain to ultimately generate be haviour.

He began his talk by claiming that cracking the neural code—the neuronal instructions that give rise to behav iour—is a greater challenge than trying to crack The Da Vinci Code Cryptex, a locked object that stores secret mes sages.

The brain perceives and interprets sensory input from the environment to produce an output that acts on this envi ronment. Together, these millions of information transfers comprise the neural code. Each individual’s internal state, influenced by our emotions and physical health, affects perception, making the decoding of the neural code an even more complex undertaking.

“Our state of mind influences our perception and reac tions to our environment,” Chacron said in his talk.

Chacron used population coding strategies to investi gate how the perception of sensory information engenders behaviour. This technique of representing stimuli through the combined activities of neurons is appropriate for the study of behavioural responses, since an enormous popula

tion of neurons is responsible for something as complex as behaviour.

Chacron says that trying to understand the transforma tion of sensory input into actions is like trying to see and identify an entire painting in the dark with a tiny flashlight.

“Machine learning tools will help us understand the brain but will not get us [all the way] there,” Chacron said.

Even though his lab uses computational modelling, a key characteristic of their methodology is their multi-disci plinary approach that combines recordings of electrical ac tivity in neurons with studying behaviour in weakly electric fish and macaque monkeys, in addition to computational analysis.

Maddie Perry Contributor

In 2012, Karina Gasbarrino’s grandfather passed away from an ischemic stroke. Since then, Gasbarrino, a gradu ate of McGill’s PhD program in experi mental medicine, has dedicated her career to understanding and de veloping early stroke prevention methods. In 2019, she succeeded, launching the digital health startup PLAKK, a cutting-edge tool that helps predict isch emic strokes. Globally, ischemic strokes are the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability, impacting millions of families worldwide.

An ischemic stroke is caused by blood clots in the arteries lead ing to the brain. This results from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, an accumulation of fat and cholesterol that builds up in carotid arteries in the neck. For now, atherosclerotic plaques can not be detected with a blood test and, instead, require an ultra

sound. Since atherosclerosis is a progressive disease, it needs early screening to provide proper treat ment, which does not start until a patient displays symptoms. The most common symptoms include dizziness, mobility issues, and numbness in the facial muscles.

In an interview with The McGill Tribune , Kashif Khan, McGill medical student and cofounder and CEO of PLAKK, ex plained that an inaccurate diagno sis is one of the many hurdles to proper stroke care.

“Inaccurate diagnoses [cause] many patients to be missed by current clinical standards, putting them at a larger risk for stroke,” Khan said. “The limitations cause approximately three million pre ventable strokes each year.”

In other words, current di agnostic procedures do not go into the depth required for accu rate stroke diagnoses and often are only performed when the pa tient’s atherosclerotic plaque ac cumulates to dangerous levels.

As the chief operating offi

cer of PLAKK, Gasbarrino and her team have worked tirelessly to create a tool that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to accurately identify high-risk atherosclerotic plaques. They have also devel oped a “stroke-risk score” which would help doctors proceed with the form of treatment that best suits the patient’s needs. The use of such high-tech image analysis, in combination with histology— the study of cell structure—helps with the early detection and pre vention of strokes.

SonoPlaque, the revolution ary AI technology that Gasbarr ino developed at McGill, over comes the problems of current diagnostic methods for ischemic strokes by using a variety of clin ical parameters, like the plaque composition and flow dynamics of the affected artery, to create an accurate stroke-risk assessment. A combination of blood biomark ers—molecules found in patients’ blood that correlate with high stroke risk—annotated medical images, clinical characteristics, and omics data are also used to create patient-specific algorithms.

The program also uses ultra sound technology to monitor lev els of arterial blockage.

According to Khan, the road to developing SonoPlaque as a pa

tient-ready tool was a collective effort that included contributions from a variety of industry profes sionals.

“Transitioning from aca demia to industry was a com plicated, but exciting journey,” Khan said. “We sought out to build a multidisciplinary team of clinicians, surgeons, AI engi neers, data scientists, and experts in business strategy.”

Supported by numerous do nors and government grants, PLAKK is now being used in clinical settings in Quebec to start testing and validating its soft ware. The company hopes to get Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Health Canada ap proval next year.

As for the future, Khan foresees two important mile stones for SonoPlaque: The first would be publishing the results of PLAKK’s clinical studies, and the second, to close a seed round of two million dollars for funding future works.

“Together, the success of these milestones will allow us to achieve regulatory approval in the U.S.,” Khan said. “FDA approval puts SonoPlaque on the map as a valuable stroke-detection tech nique, and funding helps to propel more essential research forward.”

Persistence and hard work are key for undergraduates looking to get involved in research at McGill. (Margo Berthier / The McGill Tribune)

On the first Monday of October, all those eligible to vote in the province of Quebec will head to the polls to

aquan’s death in September 2020 and a recent report revealing racism, sexism, and other forms of oppression rampant at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) serve as reminders of the fatal consequences of the government’s refusal to recognize our discriminatory health care system.

In November 2020, the Conseil des Atikamekw de Manawan and the Conseil de la Nation Ati kamekw proposed Joyce’s Principle in response to Echaquan’s death. The Principle, based in part on the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), calls on the Quebec government and health care system to recognize traditional Indigenous medical practic es and beliefs in an institutional setting so that culturally safe medical care can be provided. On Nov. 25, 2020, the CAQ government rejected the motion to adopt Joyce’s Principle.

Canada. Budgell stresses that the provincial gov ernment’s infringements on Indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination have resulted in the racist system we know today.

“As a fundamental starting point, the system was not designed by us,” Budgell said. “In the case of Inuit who live in Nunavik, the Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services is largely managed by Inuit, but it is nevertheless part of the provincial system. So obviously, it has to obey provincial laws, and Bill 96 is now law.”

Francophones are virtually unaffected—except for limited access to English CEGEPs—and some anglophone residents, specifically those whose parents attended English high schools in Que bec, are expected to be able to receive services in English by claiming the status of a “historic anglophone.”

The future of living in Quebec for Indigenous peoples, however, remains disturbingly unclear. Currently, there are no exceptions or provisions written into Bill 96 for Indigenous peoples, for many of whom French is their third language.

As it stands, the Bill will erect a slew of bar riers to quality education, fair legal dealings, and proper patient-centred healthcare for Indigenous peoples. For example, Indigenous students will have to compete for a spot in an English CEGEP, as the total number of students enrolled will be capped at 17.5 per cent of the province’s total student population. Once accepted, they will have to complete three 45-hour core curriculum cours es delivered in French.

When it comes to the justice sys tem, the Bill requires all provincial court documents to be in French and no longer requires judges to be bilingual. This violates the legal principle that an accused person has the right to be understood by a judge and to understand legal proceedings.

Crucially, Indigenous communities’ access to healthcare will further deteriorate in an already rac ist system.

Joyce Ech

Under Bill 96, the inequities of access will worsen. Doctors and other health care providers will be required to vide medical care to Indigenous French—compelling patients translate medical terms in, third or fourth spoken they will receive substandard care and will be more at risk of exposure to undesirable medical burdens, such as unintentional injuries, unnecessary compli cations, and inappropriate prescriptions. This is something Richard Budgell, an assistant profes sor and current history PhD student at McGill who focuses on Inuit health care, is acutely aware of.

“Not surprisingly, people see good care as happening in their first or at least their second language,” Budgell said in an interview with The McGill Tribune . “The second language for most Inuit people in Quebec is English, not French. So people are going into a health care system [...] seeking care in a minority language [....] We do not often remind ourselves that we are speaking a language of colonialism. We are not speaking Inuktitut.”

While not a physician himself, Budgell comes from a line of health care workers—both his father and grandfather worked in health care in their Inuit community in Labrador. Bud gell was hired by McGill in 2020 and began teaching a one-credit grad uate course called “Inuit health in the Canadian context” in Winter 2022. Before working at the university, Budgell worked as the executive director of the First Nations and Inuit health branch of the federal government, which provides funding for some medi cal services and programs to First Nation and Inuit communities across

Though different Indigenous communities operate their own hospitals, such as the Kat eri Memorial Hospital Centre that serves the Kanien’kehá:ka community of Kahnawake, rural and Northern communities struggle with criti cal shortages of medical personnel. The lack of professionals forces people to migrate to urban centres, where more robust services are offered in exchange for mistreatment and marginalization.

“The MUHC is a big [...] centre for the treat

Assimilation in 21st-century Quebec

How Bill 96 ignores Madison Edward-Wright,

ment of Inuit coming from Nunavik,” Budgell explained. “All of the hospitals of the MUHC are referral centres for people coming from Nuna vik [....] There are, unfortunately, very very few health care practitioners, nurses, and doctors who speak Inuktitut [....] I have to say that when I started hearing about [the racism at the MUHC], it was like, unfortunately, this is not surprising.”

Budgell believes that recognizing the differ ences between First Nations, Métis, and Inuit people is crucial to being able to provide cultur ally safe health care. With Bill 96, however, the province is isolating Indigenous peoples in the health care system and further ingraining the systemic racism that already exists.

“I think it's vitally important that when we're talking about cultural safety, in relation to Indigenous people, that we be more specific,” Budgell said. He believes that using an umbrella term like Indigenous “sometimes allows us to be a little bit lazy. Because then, you know, people can say, ‘Oh, we've covered the Indigenous train ing.’ Well, for any person from any Indigenous background, they immediately think, okay, ‘What does that mean? Who are you talking about?’”

The relative lack of Indigenous health professionals and, there fore, culturally safe health care can be traced to barriers in the medical education field created by Quebec’s language laws. As a member of the Kanien’kehá:ka Nation and a

second-year medical student at Université de Montréal, Frédérique Gauthier-Bisaillon has wit nessed the inequities that language laws enforce firsthand.

Since starting medical school, Gauthier-Bisa illon has travelled throughout Quebec, visiting different First Nations communities and working in their medical centres. While discussing Bill 96, which she called “outright racist,” Gauthier-Bisa illon told me a story about an Indigenous woman she met who was barred from her career in nurs ing after years of schooling.

“She did all her exams, everything to be a nurse [and passed],” Gauthier-Bisaillon ex plained. “She wanted to go back to her commu nity to work, and because she didn’t pass her French test, she could not practice in her commu nity. French was her third language. I think that you can see in this case that there is such a big injustice that Bill 96 will just reinforce.”

Gauthier-Bisaillon was one of many who

Assimilation 21st-century

ignores Indigenous rights to self-determination

Edward-Wright, Managing Editor

attended a candidate debate on Sept. 20 hosted by the Assembly of First Nations Quebec and Labrador (AFNQL). The discussion aimed to raise awareness of Indigenous issues ahead of the provincial election on Oct. 3. Candidates from several major parties in Quebec, including CAQ candidate and current Minister Responsible for Indigenous Affairs Ian Lafrenière, Québec sol idaire candidate Manon Massé, Parti Québécois candidate Alexis Gagné-Lebrun, and Quebec Liberal Party candidate Gregory Kelley attend ed—the Conservative Party of Quebec did not send a candidate to participate. The debate fo cused mostly on governance and self-determina tion, territories, resources, and economy, health and education, and the protection of language and culture. Some of the more oddly contentious topics addressed were the existence of systemic racism in Quebec, Bill 96, and the general need for consultation with First Nations and Inuit communities on any laws that impact them.

Many of the answers given throughout the night were exactly what one would expect from politicians: Lots of talk about creating change but no concrete plans on how to actually do it.

Marie-Ève Bordeleau—the first Cree wom an to ever become a lawyer in Quebec—in her role as moderator of the event, asked candidates whether their parties would acknowledge the existence of systemic racism in Quebec. Gag né-Lebrun, Massé, and Kelley all readily did, but Lafrenière ignored that part of the question.

Instead, he chose to focus on the CAQ govern ment’s creation of a three-hour training pro gram titled “Formation sur la sensibilisation aux réalités autochtones” or “Indigenous Awareness Training”. The program is supposed to teach health care workers about the importance of understanding Indigenous culture when treating an Indigenous patient—fittingly, it does not have an official English trans and cannot be accessed by public.

Lafrenière’s responses did popularity throughout the remainder of the debate. When Bordeleau asked whether the CAQ would be willing to grant Indigenous people exceptions from Bill 96, Lafrenière answered that the CAQ would not change Bill 96 but is open to creating new laws that would protect Indigenous languages and cultures. Many First Nations chiefs have proposed amend ments to the Bill but have been ignored by the government.

“My colleague [Manon] Massé mentioned the importance of diplomacy earlier and she is com pletely right,” Lafrenière said.* “We know that there are problems with certain sections of Bill 96 […] so we said ‘let’s take the time to sit down with the Premier and with First Nations chiefs to find a solution that will respond to the concerns raised by the First Nations’ [….] Diplomacy is important and we do not want to strain those relationships so we will keep working towards a solution.”

Indigenous communities are not hopeful. In an interview with the Tribune after the debate, Chief of the AFNQL Ghislain Picard said he did not believe in Lafrenière’s stated intentions to find alternative ways of protecting Indigenous culture. He feels that the supposed plan to revise Bill 96 in accordance with Indigenous voices will resemble the trajectory of another problematic piece of legislation—Bill 15.

Bill 15 was unanimously adopted by the National Assembly of Quebec on April 12 in response to the killing of a seven-year-old girl by her father back in 2019. While the goal of the Bill was to facilitate the process of removing children from abusive homes and placing them in foster

that is where we don’t hear anything from gov ernment,” Picard said. “On Bill 15, the argument we had with [the Social Services Minister] was that he said ‘we are waiting for you to have more autonomy.’”

“We don’t want more autonomy; we want full autonomy. There is a world of difference between the two and that is really where [the Quebec government] is not wanting to go.”

Gauthier-Bisaillon echoed Picard’s senti ments, adding that it is exhausting and discour aging to always find herself in a position where she wonders what rights of hers she may not have for much longer.

“What we have heard tonight was a lot of ‘oh yeah, we are going to change [Bill 96],’ but why didn’t [the government] think of that first?” Gauthier-Bisaillon said. “The same thing happens over and over again. We are thought of last, after the fact.”

On Oct. 3, as all of us who can legally vote head to the polls, we need to remember that it is our responsibility to uphold principles of justice, equality, and freedom to self-determination—for all communities, not just our own. As Picard argued, the conversation about Indigenous rights should not be treated as tangential to the rest of Quebec politics. We must remember that the land we live on is unceded and that First Nations, Mé tis, and Inuit people are the ancestral owners of this land we call Quebec and Canada. We are only

The Bieler School of Environment at McGill University is proud to host Jean Lemire for our 2022 Environment Public Lecture

An Odyssey Of Change

From Arctic to Antarctic, as a privileged witness to the major planetary environmental issues, biologist Jean Lemire tells his story with breathtaking images.

After having crossed the oceans, he shares his thoughts on a planet in full transformation in these times of great climatic upheavals, and invites us to reflect on the future of humanity.

Filmmaker and author Jean Lemire accumulates prizes and distinctions. Appointed emissary to climate change and to northern and arctic issues by the Government of Quebec in 2017, he now travels the world to make leaders aware of the pressing issues that we all face.

Thursday, September 29, 2022, 6:00 pm Centre Mont-Royal 2200 Rue Mansfield, Montreal

(Admission is free, but seating is limited to a first come, first served basis)

Global warming effects could open new industry for Greenland

Sand left behind by melting glaciers presents new mining export opportunities

Ella Paulin Contributor

While many are worried about large swaths of land disappearing under water as global sea levels rise due to melting ice sheets in the Arctic, Greenland finds it self with a different problem: Its coastline is growing. Scientists have observed that when Green land’s ice melts, it runs down to the ocean, leaving sand and gravel behind that was previous ly trapped in ice. This sediment builds up along the coastline—ef fectively expanding the coast— creating new and highly valu able sand deposits. Mining these deposits could be lucrative for Greenland’s economy, but also carries several environmental and economic risks.

Mette Bendixen, assistant professor in McGill’s Department of Geography, co-authored a re cent study surveying Greenland ers’ opinions about potential sand mining operations. She found that more than 80 per cent of re spondents were in favour of using Greenland’s sand deposits.

The researchers surveyed roughly 1,000 Greenlanders, ask ing whether they would support

a mining operation, what kinds of reviews should be conducted first—scientific, environmental, or economic—and how the proj ect should be overseen. They found that while there was wide spread support for sand mining, Greenlanders overwhelmingly prioritized conducting economic and environmental reviews so as to understand how these sec tors would be impacted by min ing activities. Additionally, when asked whether to involve foreign countries, 75 per cent said that the mining process needed to be kept at the national level. Despite these caveats, 76 per cent of Greenland ers were strongly in favour of ex porting their sand deposits.

Over the last several years, Greenland has conducted an eco nomic review of the benefits and drawbacks of mining these sand deposits. Citizens and public of ficials are concerned about the environmental risks the activity would bring, including the dis ruption of northern marine eco systems. But Bendixen found no evidence of large-scale consulta tion with the people of Greenland.

“No one asked the question— what do the people of Greenland think about this idea?” Bendixen said in an interview with The Mc

Gill Tribune.

Sand mining has the potential to be lucrative for Greenland be cause of the rising global demand for the resource. Sand is used as an ingredient in the construction and manufacturing industries, pri marily to produce concrete, glass, and electronic components.

“We use it in basically every thing. It is the key ingredient for modern civilization,” Bendixen said.

Mining and exporting these sand deposits could give Green land a way to boost employment and move towards economic inde pendence. Greenland has a popu lation of roughly 56,000, nearly 88 per cent of which are Green landic Inuit. The primary indus tries are fishing and tourism, and although it is politically indepen dent from Denmark, Greenland still relies heavily on the coun try’s financial support.

Mining sand in Greenland carries grave environmental risks. Many current sand mining opera tions cause severe environmen tal damage, including erosion of coastlines and wild habitats, harm to local fishing populations, and a decrease in plant biodiversity. Bendixen believes this is some thing Greenland’s government

should seriously consider before deciding to mine.

“Extracting something from nature will automatically impact nature, no matter what,” Bendix en said.

Although the amount of sand in Greenland is not enough to overcome the global sand scarci ty problem, a carefully overseen mining process does have the po tential to fill some of the global demand for sand in a more envi

ronmentally conscious manner.

“It could relieve some of the pressure on where it’s currently being extracted in a fashion that’s not sustainable at all,” said Ben dixen. In many coastal regions of India and lake regions in China, sand mining encroaches on human settlements and wildlife, making homes and habitats inhospitable.

There’s also the risk that sand mining could negatively impact Greenland’s other economies.

76 percent of Greenlanders favour mining sand left behind as glaciers melt to support economic growth. (eos.org/ Nicolaj Kroeg Larsen)

McGill students find the “us” in lettuce Eric Zhao ‘leafs’ to victory at second annual lettuce-eating competition

Melissa Carter Contributor

To the disbe-leaf of many passersby on Sept. 23, a circle of students formed––each with two heads: One human, one lettuce. This strange sight was none other than McGill’s second annual Lettuce Club meeting.

Once a year, Lettuce Club members meet with nothing but a 600-gram head of lettuce and an empty stomach. The rules of the game are very simple: Participants have 10 short (or long!) minutes to devour their head of lettuce to the best of their abilities. Although 10 minutes may not seem like enough time to eat an entire head, the real contenders tend to take much less.

To ease this laborious process, competitors can employ any strategy, from dousing the head in salad dressing to adding some seasoning and spices or condensing their lettuce with force—as long as they can prove that they have eaten the entire head of lettuce. The first to finish eating is crowned the Head of Lettuce and is responsible for organizing the next year’s gathering.

McGill’s first Lettuce Club meeting took place last year, organized by Arielle Lok, U3 Management, Bjørn Christensen, U3 Arts, and Joel Conway, U3 Management. In an interview with The McGill Tribune, Lok explained that in 2019, the founders were inspired by viral TikToks about Lettuce Clubs at different schools and thought, “let’s bring that to McGill!” The first-ever Lettuce Club was a huge success, attracting nearly 150 students.

But the success of last year’s Lettuce Club was only the tip of the iceberg. This year, more than 200 people formed a circle around the grassy knoll outside Redpath Museum, ready to compete. Aslan LaCouvee, U3 Arts and Science and last year’s Head of Lettuce, entered the centre of the circle wearing the black cloak awarded to the winner.

“The question remains, who wants to be the Head of Lettuce?”

Aslan shouted.

With that, the race was off. Participants dug their teeth into the leaves and chewed eagerly. Scraps of lettuce littered the ground as spectators cheered on their friends.

A mere minute after the race

began, Eric Zhao, U1 Science, drew the attention of his fellow competitors, as he neared the end ofhis lettuce.

As Zhao chewed vigorously, the crowd’s focus shifted to various other participants nearing the end of their lettuce cores. Finally, Zhao opened his mouth, revealing his lettuce was gone, and, with relief, yelped in victory. Christensen presented the victor with the cloak, crowning him as this year’s Head of Lettuce.

After the competition, Zhao disclosed his technique in an interview with the Tribune

“Most people get caught up in chewing. But I have two hands here––they aren’t doing anything! So, what if I hold my lettuce like this,” Zhao said, forming a claw-like grip on his imaginary lettuce, “and give the old lettuce some chew with my long fingernails so that when it gets in my mouth, it can be more of a slush.”

Zhao’s strategy was clearly effective as he managed to devour his lettuce in as little as a minute and 54 seconds.

Participants were left in awe by Zhao’s speed.

One observer noted, “I’ve been alive 20 years and never seen something like that!”

While he, too, was impressed with this record time, Marlo Nash, U1 Science, was most interested in the team-building aspect of the competition.

“You know there’s a competition [for the Head of Lettuce], but it’s about the collaborative aspects: The “us” in lettuce,” Nash said.

The ambience of the Lettuce Club gathering is certainly lighthearted, but many participants mentioned the sense of community

brought about by the lettuce-eating competition.

“I’m here to be a part of the energy, be a part of something bigger than myself,” Jonas Lehar, U1 Science, told the Tribune

Arielle Lok explained the mission of Lettuce Club: “To unite students, and address the (lettuce) core of the community.”

Arielle Lok explained the mission of Lettuce Club: “To unite students, and address the (lettuce) core of the community.”

Lauren Strano Contributor

Thrifting for fall statements

Yes, it’s only the end of September, but it’s already time to start getting your winter coats out. There are two main contenders for your go-to fall jacket in 2022. If you’re running late to class or need to layer up before going out on a Friday, an oversized leather jacket is the perfect option. It isn’t, however, the only lightweight fall coat that’s in style right now. Courtesy of Matilda Djerf, purchasing a pricey oversized blazer is a great excuse to start investing in timeless pieces and becoming more sustainable.

Concerned that leather jackets and oversized blazers are just simple microtrends? You don’t need to commit. Thrift stores in Montreal are leather jacket havens, where you can find authentic leather jackets for as little as 15 dollars or seek out an old office blazer to keep around for a few years until they come back in style.

Finally, the most notable fall trend of 2022: Loafers. A timeless shoe that never goes out of style but comes back in style every once in a while. They are for sure back this season and another easy find at your local thrift store.

The necessity of neutrals

The biggest challenge with lightweight jackets is their lack of insulation. Layering up underneath is the only way that you can make them work come the winds of October and November. Neutrals and basics are must-haves every season of the year, but especially in the fall. For one thing, they allow for aesthetically pleasing outfits. Second, with fluctuating temperatures and confusing weather patterns, layering is key so that you aren’t freezing in class, or worse, drowning in a pool of sweat. Basics include, but are not limited to, cable-knit sweaters, cardigans, fitted turtlenecks, plain tees, and tanks. Pair your neutrals with a funky accessory or clothing item and you are set.

Fall flares

Still adjusting to the start of a new semester? Wearing comfy clothes will help. The yoga flares made a return in the early 2000s and never left, so it might be time to hop on the trend if you haven’t already. Any sweater or hoodie with a pair of black yoga flares and you’ll already look more put together than the other 15 students who also woke up late and only had three minutes to put an outfit together. Their versatility makes them a go-to item for grabbing a coffee, heading to the gym, or attending lectures. You can dress them down in a pair of sneakers or dress them up with some platform boots—really, anything can work. You can get them cheap on Amazon or you can invest in some Lululemons if you want a long-lasting product. Even better, there are some super flattering waisted crossover V-shaped flares you can get at either Aerie or Aritzia.

The power of fall accessories

Accessories are an essential part of fall ’fits. When October and November roll around, additional measures must be taken to keep warm. Even in September, McGill students have been spotted wearing scarves around campus. Keeping your neck warm reduces muscle fatigue and tension because it helps maintain blood circulation. After hovering over your laptop for hours or taking notes at your desk until 2 a.m., your neck needs some relief! Scarves are convenient and contribute to your outfit in so many ways: A pop of colour, a touch of sophistication, a light-weight addition—allowing for tons of creative ways to wear them.

Accompanying your scarf, you can wear a pair of fingerless gloves. Only really an option for fall or spring, fingerless gloves keep your hands moderately warm while offering some dexterity for typing and other manual tasks. Take advantage of the warm fall weather and wear your winter clothes as mere accessories rather than necessities––it won’t last long!

Fitting out the fall semester The stylish outfits that will keep you warm this fall

McGill’s second annual Lettuce Club brought hundreds of students to the “Three Bares” fountain field. (Wendy Lin / The McGill Tribune)

As temperatures drop, don’t underestimate the power of layering. (Cam Flanagan / The McGill Tribune)

Fashionably local: An investigation into Montreal’s jewelry scene Exploring the creative processes behind hand-made jewelry pieces

Abby McCormick Student Life Editor

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Canadian government has encouraged consumers to support local businesses. With the return to an in-person business model, the Shop Local movement is here to stay— consumers are purchasing goods from their neighbourhood businesses more than ever before.

In particular, the growth of the jewelry industry has accelerated due to this movement. McGillians who are interested in checking out locallymade jewelry stores are, therefore, in luck; the Montreal area is home to a vast array of creators to suit a variety of tastes.

Maidor Jewellers—1255 Boulevard

Robert-Bourassa

Located just a five-minute walk from McGill’s downtown campus, Maidor is a fine jewelry store with a workshop at the back, where all their hand-made products are made on-site.

Originally founded in 1984 by brothers David and Harry Maidor, the business has become a staple in the downtown Montreal jewelry

community. In particular, it’s known for its classic diamond pieces, the high-quality 18-carat gold used in many of its jewels, and its custom offerings.

In an interview with The McGill Tribune, Maidor’s marketing manager, Samantha Berger, explained the process behind these made-to-order pieces.

“We begin by creating a three-dimensional design of the piece, based on what the client is looking for,” she said. “Then we 3D-print it into wax—basically a mould put into plaster. Next, gold is melted into plaster that takes the form of the 3D-printed pieces and it is assembled and polished in our atelier.”

Berger emphasized that, while jewelry can be costly, shopping at local and customizable boutiques like Maidor is a great way to find pieces that are within your budget.

“When shopping locally, you really get to build a relationship with the jeweller, so that they can understand your vision and give you the best price for what you’re looking for,” Berger said. “At Maidor, budget is really workable; pieces don’t have to be thousands of dollars.”

Atelier SYP 4610 Chemin du Souvenir Atelier SYP is a Laval-based boutique that prides itself on its distinct style and creating custom-made jewelry tailored to its customers’ desires.

“Our style is very on-trend, European-inspired, and [is made up of] more chunky-style pieces,” said Cristal Haidalis, founder and designer of Atelier SYP.

As a small business owner, Haidalis is heavily involved in the process of making jewelry.

“My inspiration comes from when I’m sourcing material,” she said. “I do sketches, then we work on producing moulds, then start production with various types of chains, clasps, and pendants.”

Haidalis also points out the excellent quality of locally made goods, making them timeless.

“With jewelry specifically, our goods are more unique, well-priced, and high-quality,” Haidalis said. “You can even shower with our pieces on without damaging them.”

Anne-Marie Chagnon 5333 Avenue Casgrin Montreal-based Anne-Marie Chagnon is well-known in the international community for her handcrafted

A student’s guide to Montreal nightlife

jewels. Despite her recent success, the artist has been creating jewelry for as long as she can remember.

As a child, Chagnon made jewelry and clothing by hand, then began selling pieces when she was in CEGEP and university to fund her visual arts education. Her business then took off and she dedicated her full-time career to creating jewelry. In an interview with the Tribune, Chagnon explained the process behind her collections.

“The collection is like a story [and] the materials are like the letters

of the alphabet,” Chagnon said. “I know what the general vibe I want is, then I use the colours and materials to make the different assemblies.”

Chagnon advises students interested in creative disciplines to pursue them, regardless of what critics might say.

“I know it’s kind of cliche, but [you should] do what you have in your heart,” Chagnon said. “Everyone was telling me ‘why are you doing jewelry?’ and I said it was because I liked it. Now I’m selling pieces at over 800 locations [on five different continents].”

The Tribune reviews the hottest spots for getting your groove on

Mahnoor Chaudhry Student Life Editor

Whether it be a Sunday evening or a Friday night, the streets of St. Laurent and Crescent are filled with crowds of people queued up to get into some of Montreal’s most famous clubs and bars. When living in a city known for its nightlife, it can sometimes be tricky to pick the best place to go to for a night out. To help you plan your nights in advance, the Tribune has put together a list of clubs that are a musttry for McGillians.

1. Café Campus

Located at the intersection of St. Dominique and Prince Arthur—just off of hectic St. Laurent Boulevard—this nightclub is notoriously popular amongst McGill students. Boasting a two-story dance floor and multiple bars, this is definitely the place you want to be to show off those freshly-learned moves and get shwasted under the glitzy red lights.

With Retro Tuesdays, Thursdays 2000, and X-Large Fridays and Saturdays, there is a theme for everyone to enjoy. The tickets, at $16 including taxes and fees, can be bought online and the price is the same every night. The drinks are a bit expensive, but they’re worth it to experience their famous retro nights at least once.

2. Muzique

Muzique is another popular dance club, located at 3781 St. Laurent Boulevard, which you can’t miss due to the long queues outside it every weekend. It has two big rooms for dancing and lounging, and a rooftop where you can get a glimpse of the cross on Mount Royal—but drinks cost $1 more for the terrace view. It tends to get crowded on Friday and Saturday nights, so if you’re going with a group, it might be worthwhile to reserve a table and score some extra space for yourself.

You will find a diverse range of music to dance to, as the DJs draw from all kinds of genres and places around the world. They offer a coat check and, although the drinks are already not too pricey, there is also a special discount for women before midnight. If you’re interested in attending one of the events they host, consider going to their 13th anniversary event on Oct. 4 where Fedde Le Grand will be performing.

3. Mad Hatter

For a more chill night out, head to the Mad Hatter Pub, at 1240 Crescent Street. This pub offers a wide range of drinks as well as some delicious Canadian cuisine for when hunger takes over. Although this is more of a sit-down place, the music can reach high volumes, prompting people to have their own small and impromptu dance parties.

Mad Hatter is a fun place to go to with a group of friends as it has some pool, foosball, and pingpong tables that can bring out your competitive side. While the prices are reasonable and it’s not too heavy on the pockets, it is currently offering a “Jack’s 777 special” on Wednesday nights, which means you can order a special Jack cocktail, a Jack burger with fries, or two shots of Jack for $7 each.

4. TRH Bar

With a skating bowl, a terrace, and a bar, this place hosts an interesting mixture of people that you must experience at least once. Located at 3699 St Laurent Boulevard, TRH––pronounced “trash”––often has a queue on weekends.

Although it is known as a skater’s bar and those with skateboards get to skip the line, non-skaters can have just as much fun here.

The music tends towards hip-hop and electro and it has limited spaces to sit, so you’re made to stand and vibe with the tunes. Often you’ll find some experienced skaters showing off their entertaining moves in the bowl, guaranteed to keep you entertained for a while. It’s really popular for serving PBRs so if that’s your taste, this will be the perfect fit!

Opened in 2009, Muzique is one of the most popular nightclubs in the city, attracting models, ac tresses, and popular DJs, including Vin Diesel and Guns N Roses. (www.lapresse.ca)

Atelier SYP prides itself on creating custom jewelry to suit its clients’ needs. (Atelier SYP)

Influence and upheaval at New York Fashion Week

Isy Stevens Contributor

Held bi-annually, New York Fashion Week (NYFW) is one of the biggest op portunities for designers to pres ent their new collections to critics, buyers, and the broader public. While always hotly anticipated, this month’s NYFW was particu larly special as it saw a return to inperson runway shows for the first time since February 2020. Over the course of five days, guests viewed designers’ Spring-Summer collec tions, attended raucous after-par ties, and showed off their own ec centric street styles. Yet amidst the chaos of Fashion Week, one par ticular subset of attendees was hard to miss—armed with vlog cameras and decked out in Revolve, social media influencers were present in unprecedentedly large numbers.

Though influencers have pre viously attended NYFW, invita tions were typically only extended to bloggers with established ties to the industry, which included the likes of Chiara Ferragni, Chrishelle Lim, and Lauren Conrad. In recent years, however, Fashion Week’s audience has expanded significant ly as brands aim to attract a newer and younger generation of consum ers.

On the one hand, this has led to a greater sense of accessibil ity within the fashion sphere; in

creased social media coverage and more inclusive guest lists have granted up-and-coming creatives and minority-owned labels, such as House of Amma and Chuks Collins, more exposure and net working opportunities. Brands have learned the importance of pri oritizing diversity, not just in the models they choose to cast, but in who they extend invitations to. In turn, this has created greater space for people of colour and queer and trans people at events previously dominated by white executives and socialites. But the expansion of Fashion Week has also resulted in an excessive amount of media cov erage on event attendees. While ce lebrity sightings have always been cause for buzz, certain influencers have begun to use NYFW purely as an opportunity for publicity.

So, why do fashion houses continue to invite influencers, many of whom have zero design knowledge or expertise? In theory, these partnerships are highly stra tegic: Designers can leverage influ encers’ platforms to bolster brand exposure, particularly amongst a younger consumer base. And be cause of their perceived exclusiv ity, influencers are, in turn, keen to advertise a brand’s clothing and events.

The issue, however, lies in de signers’ frequent inability to select influencers who align with their brand image. At this year’s NYFW,

for instance, several labels chose to invite TikTokers to their events. Notorious for promoting fleeting microtrends and the consumption of fast fashion, these influencers stand in striking contrast to high fashion’s artistic integrity and cre ative values.

With that being said, influenc ers aren’t going anywhere anytime soon. Thus, it is unfeasible—and ultimately unfair—to discount them from the fashion world alto gether. Designers, however, must make an effort to be more selec tive when deciding who to partner with during events like NYFW. This means learning to prioritize meaningful engagement over name recognition.

Take Emma Chamberlain, a YouTuber who shot to fame in 2017 for her refreshingly authentic YouTube vlogs. As Chamberlain’s base grew, so did her identity as an influencer, enabling her to tran scend the sphere of YouTube and break into the world of fashion, garnering partnerships with both Louis Vuitton and Cartier along the way. A style icon in her own right, Chamberlain has also worked to adopt a careful approach to sustain able fashion by embracing thrifting and inspiring her followers to do the same. Despite her immense fol lowing, Chamberlain’s genuine in terest in fashion set her apart from other content creators, making her a more authentic liaison between

high fashion brands and the young er consumer base they are trying to capture. Influencers like Chamber lain are exactly who brands should seek to invite to New York Fashion Week.

There is no doubt that NYFW, one of fashion’s most time-hon oured traditions, is in the midst of an upheaval. To keep up with social media’s influence, brands have no choice but to connect with a new generation of consumers

‘Dancing with the Stars’ premiere shimmies into the spotlight

Suzanna Graham Contributor

Dancing with the Stars (DWTS) is the perfect mix of fact and fiction. Fact: I’m very confident that the majority of viewers that judge DWTS on Twitter could not tell the difference between a Paso Doble and a Jive. Fiction: The promise that all the contes tants put the “star” in Dancing with the Stars DWTS has successfully ruled the reality danceshow genre for over 30 seasons for its messy yet authentic entertainment value, and Season 31 doesn’t disappoint.

and creatives. Yet, in doing so, they must prioritize their artistic integrity and pursue meaningful influencer partnerships with an emphasis on diversity, inclusion, and broader access to the world of fashion. While the most recent NYFW revealed gaps in certain brands’ approaches, it also reaf firmed the importance of substan tive partnerships with dynamic individuals—something we must see more of in future iterations.

Season 31 is unique for a couple of reasons. The show moved from ABC to Disney+, mean ing that there are no more ad breaks to spend tweeting about the show. The show now dedi cates its 120-minute run time to dancing, making the live production way more hectic. To com pensate, host Tyra Banks now shares her role with 19th-season champion Alfonso Ribeiro and the cast has grown to 16 pairs—the largest cast since Season 9. Make sure to watch out for Jor din Sparks (singer), Charli D’Amelio (TikTok), and Daniel Durant (CODA actor).

So, in case you haven’t watched the first episode yet, but still want to vote (for my fa vourites), here are some of its best and worst moments:

Best: Selma Blair’s gorgeous Viennese Waltz Remember Vivian Kensington from Legally Blonde? Selma Blair has always been an icon, but her waltz with pro Sasha Farber might be my favourite performance of hers to date. Di agnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) in 2018, Blair struggles with balance and coordination, and occasionally uses a cane to walk. But Far ber—the brilliant choreographer that he is—cre ated an accessible routine where Blair could highlight her performance strengths. The dance brought the audience to tears, and judge Carrie Ann Inaba praised the star for representing those with invisible illnesses, calling her “a Disney princess come alive.”

Best: Wayne Brady, a triple threat

While best known for his ‘90s and ‘00s roles, the Whose Line is it Anyways star is timeless. He can sing, he can act, and now we have proof that he can dance. Brady and his partner Witney Car son earned the second-highest score of the night with their Cha-Cha—for good reason. Their en ergy was unmatched, with Brady ripping off his shirt in tune to “She’s a Bad Mama Jama,” and Carson letting her star twirl just as much as she. There’s a reason why Brady has stayed in the spotlight for so long—he is a true entertainer. I hope to see him in the finals.

Best: The dance troupe stealing the spotlight The lack of ad breaks frees up time to bring back my favourite DWTS tradition: The dance troupe. The troupe, which hasn’t been featured since Sea son 27, is made up of fabulous professional dancers who perform short routines during show transitions. The problem (for the stars, that is) is that these highly trained individuals “re-perform” snippets of the previ ous dance. They basically expose all the previous per formance’s flaws, almost turning DWTS into a dance roast—which I, for one, would pay to see.

Worst: Neon prints are hard to rock I don’t know about you, but when I think of a neon sparkly fringe leopard-print outfit, I think of a kid’s gymnastics uniform. All I’ll say is that drag icon Shangela should not have been subjected to that nightmareinducing ensemble. Good thing her en ergy made up for that flop costume. Hal leloo!

Worst: The crowd booing Len Goodman Head judge Len Goodman knows more about dance than my collective knowledge during finals. So when he criticized Good Morning America weatherman Sam Champion for his footwork, I’m sure he was try ing to be a constructive critic. But with the way the au dience booed Goodman, I would’ve assumed he had insulted a puppy. The whole point of DWTS is that the “stars” are not dancers, so of course the first week would feature mistakes. I think Goodman should be meaner to the stars. And you can quote me on that.

Dancing with the Stars is streaming live on Dis ney+ on Mondays at 8 p.m. 31’s first episode ranged from star performances to tacky getups

How influencers are permanently altering Fashion Week as we know it

The stars this season include Gabby Windey (The Bachelorette), Selma Blair (Legally Blonde), Shangela (We’re Here), and more (nbcnews.com)

TikTokers Paige Lorenze, Lauren Wolfe, Kit Keenan, and Brigette Pheloung pose in Cynthia Rowley’s designs on the streets of Manhattan.(Instagram)

Millie Roberts Contributor

Leonardo DiCaprio, who is verging on 50 years old, has never dated anyone over the age of 25. Thanks to his recent public split with fashion model Camila Morrone— just months after her 25th birthday—DiCaprio’s dat ing tendencies have resur faced online as a trending topic. From an onslaught of ridicule on social media to a viral chart made on Red dit and playful prodding during Kenan Thompson’s speech at last week’s 74th Emmy Awards, it seems that no matter their interest in his career, consumers of pop culture are united on this one front. DiCaprio’s uncompro mising consistency in dating exclusively young women is strangely comical.

Starting with Gisele Bündchen in 1999—his first publicized relationship— DiCaprio has maintained a strict mould for the women he dates publicly: White, under 25, a fashion model, and often an immigrant to America. As he has grown older, so have the age gaps between him and his part

ners. Morrone is 23 years younger than DiCaprio, mak ing him more than twice her age when their relationship began.

While the outlandish ness of DiCaprio’s love life produces some degree of humour among members of the public, the lighthearted Buzzfeed articles and tweets obscure a darker underbelly. The women he begins rela tionships with are certainly consenting adults in the legal sense, and there is no evi dence to explicitly state that any of DiCaprio’s relation ships were unhealthy. Yet the power dynamic between an older man with his wealth and influence and a young woman entering one of her first romantic relationships is often imbalanced, which raises concerns regarding manipulation, grooming, and conforming to the ageold gender standard of male control and female depen dence. These issues should not be normalized through casual jokes. Indeed, if Ze ndaya’s sheepish reaction to Thompson’s speech proves anything, it shows how un comfortable it can be for a woman to be seen as just a romantic interest, even hy

pothetically, and especially as the butt of a man’s joke.

As many of DiCaprio’s ex-girlfriends are fashion models, they are already viewed largely for their physical appearance and hy persexualized by the general public. Given that many of his partners are immigrants, their exoticization and what it means to be a “foreign” woman in America comes into play. This further en snares women into various oppressive and dehuman izing stereotypes related to their ethnicity. When women of certain identity groups are hypersexualized, this not only reduces them to their ap pearance value but fetishizes their ‘exoticism.’ Women of different cultures are forced into yet another vessel of comparison between one an other, where they are pitted against each other as ‘instru ments’ of men.

If the entertainment in dustry is a puppet show, then patriarchal conventions are pulling the strings. DiCaprio is attractive, rich, and never settles down. These toxic masculine attributes are ex pected, if not revered, within Hollywood. The women that famous men sport on their

arm must hold an appropriate amount of social capital by being pretty accesso ries. Accessories won’t complain when objectified for profit, when their paycheque is substantially smaller than that of their male counterparts, when their age negatively corre lates with work op portunities, or when faced with workplace sexual harrasment. DiCaprio and his dating preferences are a minor constituent within a larger network of misogyny that views women as profit able sexual objects.

The entertainment indus try is the primary source of the media we consume, hing ing on the subordination of women and the validation of men. Celebrities and the content they produce act as powerful catalysts for social trends; they influence what is normalized in contempo rary cultural discourse. By exclusively dating women who meet a narrow set of social expectations on the

public stage, male celeb rities such as DiCaprio trivialize relationships with harmful age gaps into comedic exchanges and perpetuate an often unat tainable, destructive stan dard for women to reach. The standards that are glamourized in the enter tainment industry have a wider set of consequences than what appears on the surface. This ultimately works to tighten the grasp of patriarchal conditions on the norms of our every day society. When we joke about DiCaprio’s love life, women aren’t getting the last laugh.

Montreal International Black Film Festival returns for its 18th year

Ella Buckingham Contributor

At the opening night of the 18th Montreal International Black Film Festival on Sept. 20, my friend and I were out of place in our fresh-from-class outfits, contrasting sharply against the crisply pressed suits and vibrant formal wear. Founded in 2005 by the Fabienne Colas Foundation, the festival’s goal is to show case the best new Black films, while also creating a space to discuss cultural, social, and economic is sues that affects the Black community. The Cinéma Impérial was filled with directors from 25 different countries, as well as film students and plebeians like us eager to see the festival’s opening film, Matt Walbeck’s Lovely Jackson

To say that Lovely Jackson is important is an understatement; it is truly essential given the historical influence of carceral systems in North America. Due to the increased scrutiny on the systemic racism of not only the United States’ jus tice system, but justice systems around the world, the harrowing tale of an African-American man wrongfully imprisoned for nearly four decades is one that startles, yet informs, audiences. This true story follows Rickey Jackson—who also narrates the film—from before and after his arrest, impris onment, and eventual release decades later for a murder he did not commit. Ultimately, Jackson

ended up spending 39 years, three of which were on death row, in some of Ohio’s most dangerous prisons due to a conviction based solely on the co erced eyewitness testimony of a 12-year-old. Alter nating between black-and-white and colour film, it is reminiscent of Alice in Wonderland (1951) with spiralling special effects and an otherworldliness that highlights the film’s tense emotions. After the screening, both Jackson (over Zoom) and director Matt Waldeck (in-person) answered questions dur ing a Q&A.

Jackson said that this film was a truly collab orative endeavour between Waldeck and Jackson, and their understanding and respect for each other was evident during the interview.

“This whole process was possible because

we trusted each other,” Jackson explained.

Jackson went on to say that prison had hardened him emo tionally, so it was difficult for him to express his feelings, especially about his experiences. Their close friendship and Waldeck’s hands-off approach to filmmak ing, however, allowed Jackson to explore emotions that he had sup pressed and then to convey those feelings to a broader audience.

Waldeck breaks the barriers between what a filmmaker is expected to do when approaching a subject in order to more fully capture Jackson’s struggle. He and Jackson would talk about how each moment in his life had impacted him and then shoot a scene, emphasizing how he wanted the film to come from the heart. He interfered as little as pos sible, even shooting the film without a formal script.

“Everything you hear is from Rickey’s mind, spirit, and imagination,” Waldeck said. “[I] wanted an authenticity that was not going to come from my words on paper.”

It would be hard to believe that Jackson, who walked around his house while simultaneously ad dressing the audience over Zoom, has suffered all he has. His down-to-earth, kind personality, and upbeat attitude struck a chord with everyone in the audi

ence. It was clear that Jackson was deeply humbled by the standing ovation he received. The interviewer asked him how he survived his unjust imprisonment, and he took a breath and sighed.

“Simple word, man: Faith,” Jackson said. “I never gave up. Because I had faith, things just fell into place.”

He also credited his mother as a significant source of comfort to him, explaining that while she did not say much during his sentence, the words of strength she did give him sustained him through his many years of imprisonment.

At one point during the interview, Jackson started crying and wiped his tears on a brand-new pack of pink socks. It served as an accurate metaphor for his personality and the emotional yet humorous approach to life that defined not only the movie, but the man himself.

One of the most impactful moments in the film is when Jackson, having been declared an innocent man, walks out of the courtroom and into the bright morning sunlight. Towards the end of the Q&A, the interviewer asked Rickey Jackson if he felt vindicat ed by Waldeck’s film, as if a great wrong had finally been made right.

“I vindicated myself,” he answered. “I vindi cated myself when I walked out of that courtroom.”

Lovely Jackson is Matt Waldeck’s debut film as a director. The MIBFF ran from Sept. 20- 25.

Matt

Leonardo life is more than just a punchline the darker implications of DiCaprio’s romantic history

DiCaprio and Morrone were together for four years prior to their split. (Todd Wawrychuk)

Rickey Jackson was only 18 at the time of his arrest and was not released until he was 58 years old. (montrealblackfilm.com)

Luke Schramm Contributor

Thelast half-decade of big league baseball has been riddled with sweeping rulebook changes, suspensions, and blockbuster trades that have kept the sport in constant flux. Amidst the chaos, one of baseball’s purest elements—the home run—has convincingly held its place at the core of the sport. The 2019 season alone saw four teams shatter the previous single-season home run record of 267, with the Minnesota Twins leading the way at 307. Now, three seasons later, Albert Pujols and Aaron Judge are close to inscribing their own names into the long ball history books.

Pujols, now in his 22nd and final season, sat just two home runs shy of 700 heading into the Sept. 23 matchup against the Los Angeles Dodgers. With one bomb in the second inning and another in the fourth, Pujols joined Hank Aaron, Babe Ruth, and Barry Bonds in Major League Baseball’s highly exclusive 700 Home Run Club.

Judge, not to be overshadowed by the greatness of his elder statesmen, sits at 60 homers and needs just one more to tie Roger Maris’ single-season record with the Yankees. If Judge reaches the magic number 61, this would put him seventh on the alltime dinger list and first among players with a clean performance-enhancing drug record. These historic seasons have not been in vain either, as both Pujols’ St. Louis Cardinals and Judge’s New York Yankees sit atop their

respective divisions with less than two weeks of regular-season baseball remaining.

In a league with a 146-year history, it can be easy to get lost in the prestige of the record books, but the reality is that these

for Pujols and Judge deserve their own close attention. Pujols’ 695th career homer was a two-run, pinch-hit blast that broke a 0-0 stalemate in the bottom of the eighth against the Chicago Cubs. Judge’s 60th homer was

win, while Judge and the Yankees seem dead set on ring number 28.

Regardless of what takes place between now and game one of the playoffs, the 2022 MLB season has been historic. Two generational talents—one well into his prime and eyeing a triple crown, the other a clearcut hall of famer on an impressive farewell tour—are moving towards the mammoths that came before them. Every game has become a spectacle, every at-bat a chance to earn immortality in baseball’s record books. And yet, Pujols and Judge don’t seem to be as enamoured with the historical context as the rest of us. Despite announcing that 2022 would be his final season, Pujols himself made it clear that he’s not chasing anything at this point in his career. After all, he’s a two-time World Series champ, a three-time National League MVP, and a six-time Silver Slugger award recipient who quite literally has nothing left to prove. For Judge, the individual accolades are no doubt sweet, but as a Yankee, winning will always be the ultimate end.

historic pursuits by Pujols and Judge are unfolding in front of our very eyes with legitimate implications heading into October. As tempting as it is to fixate on the recordbreaking numbers themselves, the nightly performances that have defined this season

part of a five-run ninth inning that gave the Yankees their 89th win of the season and allowed them to regain a comfortable lead in a highly competitive American League East division. Pujols and the Cards are eyeing a return to the glory of their 2011 World Series

In an era spoiled with so much talent, it is easy for baseball fans to overlook the gravity of the two stars’ remarkable athletic feats. Numbers and record books aside, what Albert Pujols and Aaron Judge have accomplished and continue to accomplish is worthy of our praise and attention. As Judge continues his superstar ascent and Pujols marches into October for one final run at a ring, we should all pay close attention to the fleeting moments of baseball history that may lie ahead.

Renée Rochefort and Sumire Kierkosz-Ueno Contributors

OnSept. 12, the Montreal Canadiens announced the appointment of 23-year-old Nick Suzuki as the 31st captain in franchise history. The standout centre from London, Ontario, joins a decorated list of Habs captains, including hockey legends Maurice Richard and Jean

Beliveau. Chosen over his more veteran teammates like Brendan Gallagher, Suzuki’s age highlights the team’s commitment to a strong young core. The selection also makes Suzuki the youngest captain in franchise history and positions him at the forefront of the changing face of hockey.

As one of the NHL’s founding teams and a member of the Original Six, the Montreal Canadiens provide a beacon of unity for the

francophone community within the hockey world. Les Canadiens de Montréal have long been tied to the province’s cultural identity as even the team’s nickname, the Habs or ‘Les Habitants’, refers to French settlers in the Quebec region.

As seen with the recent passing of the controversial Bill 96, Quebec’s administration has further ingrained language laws as a political priority. Since the departure of the Nordiques in 1996, many fans see the Canadiens as the symbolic core of Quebec’s identity in the sports world. As a result, the election of Suzuki, a nonbilingual Ontarian, to Quebec’s highly prized NHL team has been highly controversial. It has been through both congratulations and thinly-veiled criticism of Suzuki’s lack of French-speaking ability that provincial politicians have extended the age-old debate about bilingualism to their hockey team.

With the 2022 Quebec general election coming up on Oct. 3 and candidates on the campaign trail, many leaders addressed the news during their press conferences. Incumbent premier François Legault from Coalition Avenir Québéc not-so-jokingly suggested that Suzuki work on his French.

Leaders of the Parti Québécois, Quebec Liberal Party, and Québec solidaire all pressed Suzuki to up his French game, proving the issue to be a sentiment that cuts across party lines.

Regardless of linguistic outcry, a Suzuki captaincy represents a positive step forward for Japanese representation within hockey. With only seven active NHLers of Asian descent in the 2021-2022 season, Suzuki’s new position breaks barriers in the predominantly white sport. In 2020, a group of young Japanese hockey players on the Japan Selects came to Quebec to see Suzuki in action. Their coach, Taro Kurokawa, emphasized Suzuki’s impact on the youngsters, calling Suzuki a “big source of pride” for the Japanese community.

Suzuki understands the magnitude of his presence in hockey and has stressed his desire to be a role model and to help kids reach their NHL dreams in any way he can. While hockey is not yet considered a major sport in Japan, it’s made leaps and bounds over the past decade, with the women’s team qualifying for the past three Olympics and youth hockey programs growing across the country. Suzuki’s new role

within the Canadiens organization is diversifying the league and creating a path for other kids of Asian heritage to play at the highest level.

Hockey culture is characterized by a desire to remain insulated from broader social and political issues. Despite this, Suzuki’s lack of bilingualism has catapulted him into the centre of a highly polarized political debate that he is slowly but surely navigating. Although Suzuki is still young, he seems poised to ascend to the next step in his career with his newly appointed captaincy. He simultaneously acknowledged the validity of both politicians and Quebeckers’ perspectives on the French language, respectfully addressing his lack of fluency and his desire to improve. Additionally, as the Canadiens’ Hockey Is For Everyone ambassador, Suzuki plays an important role in the drive to foster a more inclusive environment within the sport.

Only time will tell whether Suzuki’s captaincy will be the change the Habs need to be successful in the 2022-23 season, but his ability to address contentious political issues like language headon leaves many looking forward to the young star’s future.

Aaron Judge was only nine years old when Albert Pujols made his Major League Debut. Now, more than 21 years later, the two stand together at the centre of the baseball world. (mlb)

David Suzuki and Nick Suzuki are in fact related—the two are cousins, twice re moved. nhl.com

Sarah Farnand Sports Editor

Continued from page 1.

The fourth-year incorporated his own twist to the competition by simultaneously juggling three balls throughout the course of the race—an activity known as joggling.

“I started juggling when I was pretty young, [around] fourth or fifth grade, and one of the books that I had gotten had a little paragraph in the back about joggling,” Wellenstein said in an interview with The McGill Tribune

He explained that the outlandishness of joggling was what initially drew him to the sport.

“It is so goofy but challenging at the same time which makes it even weirder,” said Wellenstein. “So I like being competitive with something like that.”

This season, after returning from the summer with a shin splint injury, Wellenstein spent his first few weeks of training building up his endurance. A week or two before the McGill Open, he began training with

the team and assumed he would be competing. However, a miscommunication with his coach meant he was not registered to race officially.

“I found out on race day,” Wellenstein said. “They were handing out bibs and I was like ‘where’s my bib?’ and he said I wasn’t signed up.”

After a brief discussion, cross-country coach Dennis Barrett and Wellenstein decided that the best course of action would be for him to run the race unofficially, permissible by the rules as long as he did not cross the finish line. For Wellenstein, this seemed the perfect opportunity to practice his joggling. Barrett, however, was not happy with Wellenstein’s ultimate decision.

“[My coach] had no idea that I was going to [joggle] so afterwards he was upset about the juggling,” Wellenstein said.

Shortly after the race, Wellenstein was cut from McGill’s cross-country team.

In an email comment to the Tribune , Barrett wrote, “Henry and I had a meeting after the Sept. 17 cross-country meet and based on our discussion, we came to the joint conclusion

that he would step away from the team.”

Wellenstein was obviously disappointed by the decision but has decided to view the setback as an opportunity to improve his joggling.

“I really like putting together training plans and I’ve only gotten one opportunity to do a full progression to a race, this past summer for the joggling mile. So I am really excited for that,” Wellenstein said.

This fall, he hopes to do an informal 10-kilometre race with one of his former teammates and potentially a few other Montreal jogglers he is trying to recruit.

After unofficially breaking the world record this summer with a time of 4:39 on a joggling mile, Wellenstein is looking forward to an attempt at breaking the record officially and venturing into some longer distances as well.

“The mile is the one I’ve been most successful with so far but I would like to get into the five [kilometre] and 10 [kilometre],” said Wellenstein. “And eventually I’d like to go up in distance to the marathon and ultra marathon.”

In terms of McGill Athletics,

however, Wellenstein has permanently parted ways.

“The differences in opinion that we had which led to me getting cut, I don’t think they can be resolved at this point,” he said.

Since Wellenstein was running the race unofficially, he was not breaking rules or disrupting other runners. By adding a unique and

Cross-country runner cut from McGill team after during race Vert et Or on home turf

creative component to his run, Wellenstein could have had the opportunity to bring positive attention to the cross-country team. Instead, he will now train for individual races and joggling records.

So if you see a blond man running through the streets of Montreal while juggling, don’t be alarmed—it’s just Welly the Joggler.

Zoé Mineret Staff Writer

On Sept. 25, the beautiful sunny sky and warm breeze made it a perfect day for the McGill men’s soccer team to defeat Sherbrooke’s Vert et Or (0–6).

Through passionate play, the Redbirds (2–3–3) snatched a 2-0 victory on home turf.

Sherbrooke got the opening ball and McGill’s offensive game strategy kicked in immediately as fourth-year midfielder Boubacar Ouane quickly regained possession. The Redbirds began by playing a defensive game while Sherbrooke focused on offence.

The Redbirds’ goalie, first-year Ludovyck Ciociola, was active in the cage and ready to pounce on the ball when needed.

Throughout the game, the Redbirds slowly reversed their defensive tide, making considerable progress up the field to the Sherbrooke goal with the midfielders leading the charge. Second-year midfielder Reese Carlow attempted a top-left corner shot, which was unsuccessful but gave some muchneeded life to the Redbirds’ attack.

A close attempt from McGill forward and second-year Joseph Getz at 30:04 was followed by attempted shots from Pedro Gulli and Bilal Bouchemella, which were stopped by the Sherbrooke goalkeeper. With their spirit renewed, the Redbirds put continuous pressure on the Vert et Or and played more aggressively for the remainder of the game.

After stepping out of the cage and tackling another player, Ciociola received a

the field which ended in a missed header from Gulli in front of the passionate crowd. During his time in the first half, Cinelli-Faia successfully stopped both of Sherbrooke’s scoring attempts and, at half-time, the score was 0-0.

The Redbirds immediately took charge of the second half of the game, with fourthyear defender Julian Huster scoring at the 47-minute mark and eliciting an abundance of cheers from the crowd and his teammates.

“It felt amazing, not only for the personal achievement but for what it meant for the team in the moment of the game,” Huster told the The McGill Tribune. “I feel an immense amount of pride in scoring my first goal for McGill especially while we were playing with one man less.”

very satisfied with my goal today, however, I thought I could’ve scored another.”

The game ended with a 2-0 Redbirds victory over the Vert et Or who they will face again on Oct. 23.

MOMENT OF THE GAME

QUOTABLE

red card at 32:59 and had to leave the game.

The red card was met with contestation from the crowd, who argued that the Sherbrooke player was off-side. Fifth-year goaltender Chris Cinelli-Faia stepped in to replace Ciociola and Getz subbed out as the team had to now play with only 10 players as opposed to their usual 11.

The Redbirds did not let this inconvenience them and continued to play a strong offensive game with renewed effort from the entire team. Third-year midfielder Gaeten Hamid sent a beautiful shot across

After the goal, both teams’ play became much less organized and much more aggressive. Thankfully, McGill head coach Marc Mounicot made a series of substitutions that allowed the Redbirds to regain energy on the field.

The Redbirds immediately asserted their dominance over the burnt-out Vert et Or. Sherbrooke put up a tough fight until the very end but unfortunately fouled McGill’s Getz, who was given a penalty kick at 85:39. Getz scored with ease and brought the score up to 2-0, driving an already electrified crowd wild.

“We should have taken our chances in the first half, but, thankfully, we managed to score two in the second half,” Getz said in a post-game interview with the Tribune. “I’m

“For the rest of the season, we’ve got to stay focused on each and every game as the league is super tight this year. I’m expecting our team to make the playoffs, and then I’m confident we’ll push through from here.” - Second-year Joseph Getz.

STAT CORNER

Henry Wellenstein started joggling regularly during the COVID-19 lockdown

Despite

Wellenstein explained that the key to joggling is a smooth three-ball cascade. (source / The McGill Tribune)

Julian Huster rewarded McGill’s offensive effort with a goal right after half-time which enchanted the crowd and ignited the Redbirds.

The red card received by netminder Ciociola is the first red card of the season for the Redbirds.