FARMtalk MARCH 2021
Magazine
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Advertising & Editorial Deadlines April Edition: March 31, 2021 May Edition: April 30, 2021
Kate’s
seed of light One of the southern cropping region’s most respected advisers has been presented with the 2021 Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) Southern Region Seed of Light Award.
June Edition: May 31, 2021 July Edition: June 30, 2021 August Edition: July 31, 2021 September Edition: August 31, 2021 October Edition: September 30, 2021 November Edition: October 30, 2021 December/January Edition: November 30, 2021 February Edition: January 28, 2022 March Edition: February 25, 2022
Leesa Muir
GENERAL MANAGER & ADVERTISING
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K
ate Burke, of Echuca, is the recipient of the prestigious award which acknowledges outstanding effort in the extension of outcomes from GRDC grains research investments and is voted upon by the GRDC Southern Region Panel. Panel chair John Bennett presented the award at the GRDC Grains Research Update in Bendigo in February. “It’s hard to think there is anyone more passionate about advancing our industry and its growers than Kate,” Mr Bennett said. “For more than 30 years Kate has dedicated herself to supporting grain growers in their endeavours to improve their profitability and sustainability. And over that time her passion and drive has never waned. “This Seed of Light Award recognises exceptional communication skills and excellence in extending research outcomes and new knowledge to growers — essentially extension is where the research rubber hits the road. “It takes a special person to act as a conduit of information between the research coalface and the paddock in a manner that ensures the message resonates with growers and translates into positive practice change and financial gain. Kate is that special person.”
Mr Bennett said Dr Burke’s ability to communicate new understandings and encourage adoption by growers was unique. “Kate has exceptional people skills, a great sense of humour, excellent financial skills and a depth of knowledge that comes from first-hand experience. She is also highly principled, and when you combine all these attributes you have a very powerful tool for conveying a message.” Originally from a family farm at Elmore, Dr Burke graduated from La Trobe University in 1989 with a Bachelor of Agricultural Science Degree. She later completed a PhD at the University of Melbourne, with her field of study being plant breeding and agronomy. During the past few decades she has been engaged as a senior consultant with John Stuchbery and Associates at Donald, and was commercial manager at Warakirri Cropping — one of the largest grain producers in Australia — before establishing her Think Agri consultancy at Echuca in 2015. Dr Burke founded Think Agri after identifying a need for corporate and institutional investors to have access to astute experience-based advice when considering key agri-investment decisions. She also recognised that farming families could further improve their performance by taking the
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SEE PAGE 7 FOR ADVERTISING & EDITORIAL CONTACT DETAILS Information contained in this magazine is presented only after being carefully researched. However, there are differences in state and regional regulations and conditions. Farmers are asked to check with their own advisors. FARMtalk can assume no responsibility for the contents.
MARCH 2021
ECHUCA, VIC
FARMtalk • 3
Agricultural scientist and Southern Region Seed of Light Award recipient Kate Burke, who released the book ‘Crops People Money and You’ about farming in the dryland cropping sector earlier this year. Photo by Cath Grey.
lead from corporate practices when it comes to business planning and reporting. Mr Bennett said Dr Burke was energised by helping farming families build wealth, stay well and leave a positive legacy for the next generation. In terms of her input and involvement with the GRDC, Dr Burke’s contribution has been enormous. “Kate has been a presenter of the GRDC’s popular ‘Opportunity for Profit’ workshops, she has led drought workshops to support growers through challenging times, and through various GRDC extension platforms she has delved into the potential role of precision agriculture in capturing opportunities for on-farm profit growth,” Mr Bennett said. “She has presented at various GRDC Updates on topics such as ‘working towards resilient adviser-
grower client relationships in the grains industry’ and ‘matching crop inputs to season outlooks’, and she has authored numerous papers. “In 2016 she was appointed as a lead of the GRDC’s medium rainfall zone southern Regional Cropping Solutions Network (now known as the National Grower Network) and contributed greatly during her tenure.” Dr Burke recently published Crops, People, Money and You which draws on her extensive experience as an agricultural scientist in the dryland cropping sector and her ability to connect the dots of science, people and money. “It is a manifestation of Kate’s desire to see others succeed and her incredible insights and know-how,” Mr Bennett said. In closing, Mr Bennett congratulated Dr Burke on her past and continuing extension efforts to
support grain growers as they strive for improved farming systems and enduring profitability. “Kate works for the common good, she knows what makes people tick and how to relate to them, and her opinions are backed by science. Like most people who are passionate about their professions, she has mentored young people and she is a strong role model for gender equality in agriculture.” Dr Burke said she accepted the Seed of Light Award with “humility and much thanks”. “The grains industry is a wonderful community. And we need to pay homage to the growers who help others in the industry, such as me, learn on the job,” she said. “Thank you to all the researchers, to the GRDC and to everyone in industry who plays their part.”
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MARCH 2021
4 • FARMtalk
Fresh perspective Gallpen Dairy moves to the beat of its own drum. Located in Blighty, on the 121 hectare property ‘Lavilla’, the dairy boasts a cozy 170 cow herd that roam lush pastures, and are milked twice a day.
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he herd is made up of big, healthy Fresians, and a few Swiss Browns, for whom owner Rachel Napier holds a soft spot. “They are supreme, and I love them,” she said. “They add personality to the herd.” The only staff on the farm are Ms Napier, her partner Craig Gallpen, and Rachel’s young daughter Tabitha Napier, who is in Year 11 at Deniliquin High School and loves helping out on the farm when she can. Mr Gallpen bought the property from his family in 1993, and has worked there ever since. Ms Napier joined the team in 2009. Morning and night, the couple, Tabitha, and sometimes Mr Gallpen’s dad, perform all necessary duties on the farm, including milking, drenching, marking, treating, rearing calves, cutting grass and feeding out. It’s tough at times, and rewarding at others. Ms Napier described their philosophy like this: “Farming is like religion. There’s something for everyone. And if there isn’t, you can make something up!”. There’s no denying that Ms Napier and Mr Gallpen run their farm in a way that separates them from the pack.
“Your milk quality is a direct reflection of how you run your business.” RACHEL NAPIER
It’s one of the reasons they chose to become exclusive suppliers for Riverina Fresh, which currently only has 20 suppliers. It means the company’s relationships with their farmers are paramount to their triumph. Quality is another factor, and Riverina Fresh was recently voted Australia’s ‘Best Rated Milk Brand’ by Finderau, based on taste, freshness and value for money. Ms Napier is not surprised that Riverina Fresh has found success. “We are rapt (with the award). There’s a lot of good competition out there, so for a little company like us to get an award like that is great,” Ms Napier said. “High quality milk comes from care factor. If you didn’t care, it would affect the process the whole way through.
“Gallpen Dairy’s success is a combination of sustainability, quality, care, and an intense attention to detail. “Your milk quality is a direct reflection of how you run your business. “We treat every cow like they are our only cow. “They all have names, and they have family names too. Often, you will milk a mother and daughter next to each other.” Ms Napier said careful ethical treatment of cows is only the tip of the iceberg. Gallpen Dairy also engages in a painstaking teat cleaning process — using a unique brush to scrub each teat individually to avoid contamination and mastitis. Sustainability is another key influence behind Gallpen Dairy’s philosophy. “We don’t want to milk any more than 200 cows,” Ms Napier affirms. “We are pretty confident that way we can keep growing our own feed, and won’t have to rely on external prices. “At the moment, we only buy in grain and a bit of hay. “We just started to make our own lucerne.” Gallpen Dairy also rear their own replacement herd, keeping the farm steadily ticking along without pushing it beyond its capacity.
BLIGHTY, NSW
FARMtalk • 5
Craig Gallpen and Rachel Napier say the decision to go with Riverina Fresh was right for them.
Tabitha Napier helps care for the animals when not at school.
The dairy gets closer to self sufficiency each year, but reliability of water availability and grain can impede that process. Their current philosophy was adopted after a tough 2016, after an out of character wet year. The farm was a lot bigger back then — with more than 450 head of cattle across a combined 550 hectares. Their then supplier, Murray Goulburn, experienced financial issues at the same time, which Ms Napier said caused milk prices to quickly plummet. “There were 12 people working on the farm and they were paid a collective $450,000 a year,” she said. “It was costing us more to milk than what we were getting in return.” That result forced Gallpen Dairy to make an incredibly tough decision — they could keep going the way they were and lose everything, or change everything. Mr Gallpen and Ms Napier chose the latter, and cut their staff and sold 200 cows to a neighbouring dairy. While difficult, the decision allowed Gallpen Dairy to remain viable. “The key to our survival was an ability to make tough decisions,” Ms Napier said. “There was no procrastinating, we couldn’t afford to.
MARCH 2021
“We immediately downsized, and made the decisions we needed to go on. “This put us in a good position.” It was in the year that followed that Mr Gallpen and Ms Napier heard about Riverina Fresh. It was scouting suppliers, and Gallpen Dairy made the switch in July 2017. “They knew our situation and they were really great and keen to support us,” Ms Napier said. “They have been loyal, and done everything they said they were going to do. “They have a connection with us.” Working in such close quarters with her partner, and with a limited workforce, isn’t always easy, Ms Napier says. But she said the good parts make it worth it. “Every day we are doing something different. “When things are great, they are fantastic. “We love being able to share what we do with our friends and we believe there is a strong future for dairy. “Tough times don’t last forever, but tough people do.” Gallpen Dairy is active on social media spruiking the benefits of the Australian dairy industry, and introducing their cows to their followers. Go to www.facebook.com/GallpenDairy to learn more.
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MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 7
Phosphorus fertiliser reduces canola establishment Phosphorus fertilisers often interfere with canola establishment, especially at high rates.
H
ybrid seed costs can exceed $85 per hectare, so any reduction in establishment can represent a significant financial cost. At the recent GRDC Update in Wagga Wagga, Maurie Street from the Grain Orana Alliance (GOA) presented results from 15 trials over five years which looked at ways to reduce the negative impact of fertiliser on canola establishment. He found that at 11 of the 15 sites, placing phosphorus (P) with the seed led to lower canola plant populations. Seedling loss varied from site to site, with the worst-case situation being an 80 per cent reduction in establishment. He also found that increasing the P rate at sowing increased the loss of seedlings. This presents canola growers with a ‘Catch 22’type problem - canola needs adequate phosphorus for maximum yield but placing it with the seed often reduces establishment. The trials GOA conducted compared placing the fertiliser: • • • •
with the seed below the seed broadcast, then incorporated by sowing (IBS) top-dressed post-sowing (no incorporation)
Their work is ongoing, but to date they have seen that placing the fertiliser below the seed often, but not always, avoided seedling damage. Broadcasting the fertiliser on the soil surface then incorporating it by sowing also worked well in many, but not all, cases. In dry years, this technique did not work as well as placing fertiliser with or below the seed. In wetter years, the canola seemed to develop enough surface roots to locate and absorb the phosphorus near the soil surface. In drier years, it could only access phosphorus lower in the soil profile. What are the practical implications of this research? Firstly, it needs to be stressed that the investigations are ongoing. Further research may determine the best approach to use. However, in the absence of more data, canola growers may decide to change the way they apply phosphorus. Growers who can sow the fertiliser below the seed should consider doing so. Those who don’t have this option may look to split their phosphorus application.
One suggestion is to broadcast most (but not all) of the phosphorus pre-sowing, to be incorporated by sowing, then sow with a maximum of 10 kg P/ ha (e.g. 50 kg DAP/ha). This will place enough phosphorus with the seed to satisfy the crop’s needs in a dry year when surface roots are less likely to access the surface fertiliser. Having a recent soil test will help guide this decision. If the soil has a good Colwell P level, then this approach can be trialled with reasonable confidence. If the Colwell P is low (i.e. less than about 35 mg/ kg) then more phosphorus may need to be placed with the seed. As indicated, this work is still ongoing, so alternative recommendations may be made in future years. In the meantime, canola growers need to consider how they will tackle the problem of reduced plant populations that often result from applying all the fertiliser with the seed. John Fowler (pictured) is senior lands services officer – extension agronomist with Murray Local Land Services.
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8 • FARMtalk
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Page 1 of 1
MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 9
Riverina on alert A female cane toad in Jindera has alarmed agricultural and environmental stakeholders throughout the region.
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he cane toad was found alive on February 26, 2021, but later killed. Experts were unable to tell whether it was gestating, or had recently laid eggs, leaving the Riverina on high alert. In the right conditions, cane toads can densely colonise an area at breakneck pace. Females are known to lay between 8000 and 35,000 eggs at a time, twice a year. The feral toads can reach up to 2000 recorded individuals per hectare. Cane toad sightings are frequent in Queensland, the Northern Territory, and some parts of NSW, but a sighting as far south as the Riverina is uncommon and forms an enormous threat to the previous unaffected region’s biosecurity. At the time of going to print the closest confirmed breeding area was Lake Innes in Port Macquarie, but a spurt of sightings so close to home brings up a myriad of questions for Riverina farmers, however NSW Minister for Agriculture Adam Marshall said new cane toad incursions had recently been reported in the Sydney, North Coast, South Coast and North West regions, as well as Jindera. “Cane toads are a serious biosecurity threat that can cause devastating impacts on communities, native wildlife, pets and ecosystems,” Mr Marshall said.
“Cane toads are a serious biosecurity threat that can cause devastating impacts on communities, native wildlife, pets and ecosystems.” ADAM MARSHALL, MINISTER FOR AGRICULTURE
“If you’re coming from cane toad infested areas such as Queensland or the Northern Territory, please check your luggage, vehicle or trailer to ensure you are not unwittingly carrying an unwanted passenger,” Mr Marshall added. Southern Riverina agronomist John Lacy said he presumed the Jindera cane toad likely hitched a ride from a subtropical area. “I would suspect this cane toad would have been carried down by a vehicle and then dropped,” Mr Lacy said. Given the presence of cane toads is atypical for the Riverina region, Mr Lacy suspects that cane toads will not be a sustained problem in the area. “I’m sure they can make it to the area, if they have been carried here and then dropped. “The question is whether they would survive the climate once they get here, and create a population,” he said. Cane toads are a serious pest, and cause significant harm to local wildlife and ecologies.
Their presence can completely remove competing native species in their pursuit of food and shelter. A quick breeding timeline combined with voracious ability to eat not only insects and beetles, but mammals and birds, lends them the ability to become a severe issue. They are also a threat to typical predators, especially natives. Cane toads are capable of poisoning predators that try to eat them during all phases of gestationas spawn, tadpoles, and adults. Cane toads became pests after being introduced into Australia in 1935 to control destructive beetles in Queensland’s sugarcane crops. If you see a cane toad, you are encouraged not to kill it, but instead capture it for identification purposes and call the Department of Primary Industries on 1800 680 244. Some native frogs have been confused with the feral toads, so identification is vital before destruction ensues.
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MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 11
Are they fit to load?
Our reputation as producers of happy, healthy livestock enhances the marketability of our meat both within Australia and overseas.
N
ot only does the consumer demand highquality meat, free of chemicals and residues, people want to know that what they are buying comes from animals that are raised and treated humanely. One of the ways we achieve this is by having standards of animal welfare for the transport of livestock. This means everyone involved along the supply chain has a role in ensuring good animal welfare. This responsibility is equally applicable to every person involved along the way. This includes the farmer and farm workers, the truck driver, agent, saleyard or abattoir staff and anyone else involved in the transport of livestock. One of the ways that the industry helps all these people meet these obligations is by providing easy-to-use tools which can be used to help establish whether an animal is in a safe state for transportation, and what to do if not. Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) have a handy guide, ‘Is the animal fit to load?’, which is
available as a pocket-sized hard copy or online at the MLA website mla.com.au/isitfittoload. In a nutshell, the requirements are that an animal should be healthy enough that being transported won’t cause any suffering or distress. This means: •
Being able to bear weight on all four legs
•
No signs of injury or distress
•
Strong enough for travel (not dehydrated or weak and skinny)
•
Not blind in both eyes
•
Not heavily pregnant or too young to travel
•
Meets the maximum time off water standards.
If in doubt, leave it out! Animals that are not fit to load can be treated and reassessed once recovered, or you can consult a vet or consider humane euthanasia of the animal. If you are transporting pigs, a similar pigspecific guide can be obtained from Australia Pork Limited - http://australianpork.com.au/wp-
content/uploads/2018/08/FFTIJ-A-Guide-FinalDocument.pdf. Pigs are very susceptible to heat stress during transport. This guide includes a tool to calculate whether weather conditions are suitable for transporting pigs and provides tips on how to best manage heat stress during transport. Ensuring your livestock are fit to load not only helps you meet your legal obligations but also supports a thriving livestock industry with huge consumer demand. We love our animals, they are our life, our passion and our livelihoods. Being extra vigilant about the health and welfare of our animals before transporting are important, not just for that individual animal, but our whole industry. Linda Searle (pictured) is a district veterinarian with Murray Local Land Services.
Subscribe Home delivery to your letterbox from $5.50 per edition. Contact us Leesa Muir, General Manager and Display & Digital Marketing P: 03 5881 2322 E: farmtalk@denipt.com.au Zoe McMaugh, Senior Journalist P: 03 5881 2322 E: farmtalk@denipt.com.au Jenny Binion, Display & Digital Marketing P: 02 6033 1104 E: advertising@corowafreepress.com.au
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MARCH 2021
12 • FARMtalk
On with the show
Scott and Amanda Watkins with their children Emma and Toby. Photo by The Art of Zowie Photography.
MARCH 2021
TOCUMWAL, NSW
FARMtalk • 13
Almost one year after their previous live show, Tillara Park Suffolk & Poll Dorset Stud made a strong return to sheep showing.
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he family farm, based at Pine Lodge near Tocumwal, showcased seven of its sheep at the Deniliquin Show — four Suffolks and three cross-breeds — and took home 14 ribbons at the annual event. Among those ribbons was the Reserve Champion Ram of the Show, Reserve Champion Ewe of the Show and Suffolk Champion Ram and Ewe. They are the kind of results you might expect of a huge breeding stud, but the team behind Tillara Park numbers just six — Amanda and Scott Watkins, their children Emma, 8, and Toby, 6, and Mrs Watkins’ parents Jenny and Richard Smith. The Smiths own the property at Pine Lodge, and the combined family keeps the 1000 hectare farm chugging smoothly. On it they run more than 1500 head of sheep and 200 head of beef cattle. It’s a big job, but Mrs Watkins says that when you love it as much as they do, it’s easy. “I’ve worked in farming my entire life, I’ve always done this,” she said. “When you know them, sheep are super easy to manage.” Mrs Watkins describes the property as “one big happy farm”. “It’s great for the kids,” she said. “When there are jobs myself and Scott can’t take them to, we can drop them off with their grandparents. “In a way, that’s really cool. “The industry is always changing, which is good. “And there’s always ways to improve.” Tillara Park Suffolk & Poll Dorset Stud is proof that change is a constant and, in some ways, they key to success in agriculture. ‘We are currently doing around 50/50 meat and wool production,” Mrs Watkins said.
“We run too many breeds really. We have beef cattle, Merinos, crossbreed sheep, Poll Dorsets and Suffolk sheep.” The majority of the flock is Merinos, with the family tending to only 100 of the finest Poll Dorsets. “They call them (Poll Dorsets) easy care Merinos. They are shorn every six months. “We just shaved them in February, and they gave us 65 mls of wool on average — which is quite a lot in six months.” Their Poll Dorsets are top of the line, with their rams highly sought after by other farms. “Their consistency and fat content is what makes them a good meat sheep,” Mrs Watkins said. Mrs Watkins has had Poll Dorsets since she was 14, so admits she has a soft spot them. “I first got them so that when all the sheep escaped, I could tell mine apart from the rest of them. “It’s the same reason why the kids have Suffolks — when they escape, they know who’s who.” And if day-to-day life on the farm and preparing for shows is not enough, the family is just about to enter a massive lambing and calving season. “About 1200 of the 1500 sheep are in lamb. “Our Merinos and crossbreds have already started; it’s our busiest time of year. “We’ve got calves and lambs appearing left right and centre. “But it’s no trouble. You tend just to wake up in the morning, and there they are.” Tillara Park leaves newborns on their mothers as long as possible, rearing their young the traditional way. Emma and Toby help catch the newborns and tag the lambs, and also help feed all the animals. And Mrs Watkins said they were actively involved in the stud’s success at Deniliquin.
“They can do whatever they choose, but they just love the farm.” While Deniliquin was the family’s first physical show in 12 months, they did not miss the opportunity to get involved in showing at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. “In February (2020), we did the Rochester show and then the Deni Show and the Numurkah Autumn Beef Show in March last year. “Then COVID struck, and we experienced lockdown for the first time. “Our first online show was an online beef show and it kind-of snowballed. “By the end of the year, we had taken part in more than 26 online shows. “It gave our kids the chance to practice without the pressure of a crowd; that’s what got us into it.” The virtual realm allowed the family to enter shows they might not have otherwise been able to get to, including in Queensland and “other little towns all over Australia”. “It was a great chance to give the kids a crack. They made friends all over the country. “We even kept winning categories that we had forgot about. We would just get the notification online!” While the online opportunities were enormous, Mrs Watkins said nothing compared to attending a real agricultural show like the one at Deniliquin. “The smells and sounds, just seeing everybody; it’s good for your health. “Just seeing all the sheep and cattle there was fantastic. “All seven of our sheep got a prize on the day which was quite exciting, but it was all about just getting out there for a live show once again. “The sheep section was incredible, with the sheds completely full.”
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RUTHERGLEN, VIC
Community voices must be heard
MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 15
Former Member for Murray Professor Sharman Stone was one of many diverse voices leading discussions about the future of the Murray-Darling Basin during the two-day conference in Rutherglen.
Learning from history, acknowledging past mistakes, listening to community voices and building long-term socio-ecological strategies are paramount to the future of the Murray Darling Basin.
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hese points were the main take away as academics, politicians, Indigenous leaders, and regional representatives converged in Rutherglen last month to discuss the future and management of Australia’s most important river system. The two-day conference, hosted by winemaker Darren De Bortoli with the support of Federation University, generated plenty of discussion through an examination of policies, environmental studies, communities, and histories of the Murray-Darling and its river systems. A strong line up of women including Former Member for Murray Professor Sharman Stone and Deniliquin farmer Louise Burge were part of a panel of keynote speakers who discussed the sustainability and future of the Murray-Darling Basin Plan. Professor Stone, a passionate water advocate, kicked off discussions looking at the history of
water policy decisions and how they have affected the basin economy and the environment. “Exactly 26 years ago, under Paul Keating’s leadership, there was a decision at a COAG meeting that there should be a whole new water resource policy for the nation and a framework for action,” she said. “They said the patented measures had to address environmental, economic and social implications. And then they said there had to be public consultation. “Why then are we here, yet again, 26 years later, trying to right the wrongs of what is an environmental, economic and social disaster?” Professor Stone stressed the need for the wider public to be aware of the “corruption” and “mismanagement” of the entire Basin Plan “The whole show is a national disgrace and not enough people know about it,” she said.
“We have got to get this knowledge and outrage into the public domain where the public sees is relevant to their own lives. “This is about your own national food security. This is about your own national natural resources. Do you want to see your own biodiversity and environmental ecosystems of the Murray-Darling system continue to be degraded?” she said. Mrs Burge and her family run a predominantly dryland cropping and Merino business and have witnessed first-hand the devastating results of “centrally-designed” government policy surrounding the Basin Plan. In 2010 the Burge family lost all their crops because of environmental flows that were not “managed correctly” and again in 2016 with catastrophic flooding. She highlighted the importance of community voices being heard when it comes to decision making. ~ to page 17
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As your local state member, my priorites are to: •
stop both Liberal and Labor governments randomly closing the NSW-Victoria border and destroying our border towns;
•
secure funding to provide a mental health service in our hospitals;
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provide air-conditioning and address the teacher shortage in all of our schools;
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stop the illegal taking of water in Northern NSW, so more flows to our region; and
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end the Capital Gains Tax break governments give foreign corporations on their water profits.
To follow my fight, log on to my Facebook page Helen Dalton MP. Always happy to see your ideas and input, email me at murray@parliament.nsw.gov.au Helen Dalton MP Murray
228 Cressy Street, Deniliquin NSW 2710 Ph: (03) 5881 7034
www.helendalton.com.au Helen Dalton MP helendalton22
Authorised by Helen Dalton MP. Funded using parliamentary entitlements.
RUTHERGLEN, VIC
MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 17
~ to page 15 “The Basin Plan is about political numbers and it’s rigidity and lack of adaptive management is precluding both good investment and good environmental outcomes,” Ms Burge said. “I’m a great believer that local people must be part of the decision making. We need flexible policy, and we need to invest with communities in sustainable solutions. “There are solutions and I sincerely hope that one day we see those.” Host of the event and managing director of De Bortoli Wines Darren De Bortoli is also passionately involved in the debate about water flows in the Murray-Darling Basin. His business like so many other district wineries and regional farms, is heavily dependent on the way water is handled. Mr De Bortoli said the conference addressed a number of issues with the current Murray-Darling Basin Plan and how the basin and waterways have been governed over the past 170 years. “The aim of the conference was to look at the Murray-Darling Basin from a historical perspective. Once you start looking at it from this perspective you begin to understand the whole plan is completely flawed,” Mr De Bortoli said. “Over the years the system has changed, and the climate has changed. The continued poor management is leading to a decline in fish species and increased river degradation from the excessive water flows. “It is critical to acknowledge there has been fundamental mistakes with the plan and the socioeconomic impacts it has had.” Mr De Bortoli said a holistic approach with community input is required to manage the future of the basin. “Community voices need to be heard and the politicising of water needs to stop,” he said. “We can get some very good outcomes for everyone if the entire basin is properly managed with good science and good engineering.” Titled ‘The Future of the Murray Darling Basin: Lessons from History 2021’, the event was only the second Murray-Darling Basin conference in 20 years.
“We can get some very good outcomes for everyone if the entire basin is properly managed with good science and good engineering.” DARREN DE BORTOLI
Winemaker and host of the event Darren De Bortoli and Professor Peter Gell of Federation University teamed up to deliver the Future of the Murray Darling Basin conference in Rutherglen.
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MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 19
Farm succession needs to be planned It’s no exaggeration that farm succession is more often difficult than not. And it’s more often more difficult for women than men, whether as wives, daughters or daughters in-law.
W
hile this is changing, many of the problems are not easily forecast. But they need to be. Here are a few of the common instances that can cause the saddest of all outcomes – family fallout. That said, please keep in mind that there are many families where these things don’t happen! Women aren’t farmers. This has a few main variations; the daughter is brought up in a household where farming is men’s business and only sons are encouraged to be farmers; or where help from parents significantly favours the son who wants to farm but not the daughter. The trust me, we’ll work it out as we go and hope it works, (entry non-plan). This is so, so common and impacts sons, daughters and in-laws. Nexgen join the business on below commercial remuneration and above commercial workload expectations. The specifics of the commercial opportunities are unknown. It’s a hope and see exercise overseen by mostly well-meaning parents. Year by year nexgen lose the most important years of their career development and earning capacity, trusting it will be worth it. Year by year the inlaw discovers that most of their decisions involve three people - their partner and their parents in-law (now there’s a good way to test a relationship). The longer this goes on, the more frustration and
tension: If we stay, we might be let down; if we leave, we leave with nothing and have wasted our years on farm. Damned if she does, damned if she doesn’t. If the daughter in-law tries too hard to be involved and helpful, she’s pushing her way in. If she does not, she’s lazy and uninterested. The daughter in-law is the problem! “My son was fine until she came home! He might be firing the bullets but she’s loading the gun”. This one is both cruel and destructive. It’s an insult to their relationship and presumably most people expect couples to make decisions together. And more often than not, the discontent has developed as follows: Over the years the son unloads his frustrations about his parents much, much more than the good things. The partner might start by saying let it go, be patient and then move to encouraging her partner to go and sort it! Don’t mention divorce and keep them off the balance sheet. This can be re-stated; how to cause a divorce by trying to protect against it AND how to risk your relationship with your grandchildren. It is understandable that parents are wary about the financial impact of divorce. However, simply keeping nexgen away from the assets encourages divorce and can destroy relationships. Not a year
goes by where we are not explaining to a daughter in-law how little she and her partner’s net worth is after 10 or 20 years on farm and how exposed she would be if her husband died. Would you trust your in-laws if this was your position? Worse, every few years we meet a widow who discovered after her husband’s death that their share of the business was a legal illusion. If you want to protect family relationships, farming and succession is not about gender. Nexgen entry to the business needs to be commercial, needs to allow nexgen to leave without feeling taken advantage of, and needs to allow nexgen to be really clear about the succession opportunity. Communicate early, often, clearly and commercially so the deal is clear and frustrations are sorted. Ensure nexgen are clear about their financial position, able to build wealth and have decent insurance cover so your grandchildren are always secure. While these things seem straightforward, they are often extremely difficult to raise or progress. Often they can only be addressed with loads of tact, respect, patience and goodwill. Rob Brown is family strategy adviser and managing director of Peppin Consulting.
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Grazing Winter Crops Heading into autumn, livestock producers will be thinking about their feed production options. Grazing crops early in the autumn provides many benefits to livestock producers. They can produce a good amount of high-quality feed, allowing pastures to establish well, and then can be locked up later in the winter to allow hay, silage or grain production.
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MARCH 2021
FARMtalk • 21
B
efore considering planting some grazing winter crops this autumn, producers need to be aware of both the animal health and agronomic issues associated with doing so. The following is a brief ‘check list’ of issues to consider.
Agronomic Issues Commencement: Grazing can commence once the plants are well anchored. This is easily checked by pulling on the leaves to see whether the plants pull out of the soil or break off, leaving the crowns well anchored. Cereals may be adequately anchored by the 3-leaf stage, but it is desirable to delay grazing until the 5-6 leaf stage if possible, to provide more feed on offer. Brassicas (e.g. canola) are not likely to be well anchored until about the 6-leaf stage. Chemical withholding periods: Before commencing grazing, ensure that no pesticides, including seed dressings, are still within chemical withholding periods. Some fungicide dressings (e.g. Uniform®) have up to six weeks grazing withholding and seed treated with triadimefon can’t be grazed at all. Most insecticide seed treatments have eight or nine weeks grazing withholding periods. Herbicide grazing withholding periods can also be quite extensive. Boxer® Gold, for example, has a 10-week withholding period, Sakura® has six weeks withholding. Finishing Grazing: If you are looking to maximise grain recovery then stock need to be removed before the plant enters the reproductive growth phase. For cereals, this will be once tillering finishes and the plant is ready to commence stem elongation – i.e. growth stage DC30, prior to the formation of the first node. At this stage, the developing head moves from being at or below ground level to above ground level. This renders it vulnerable to being damaged or removed by grazing. For brassicas, remove stock at the mid-dormant stage, about July.
Livestock Health Issues Vaccinate stock prior to grazing: Veterinary advice is to give a booster vaccine, such as ‘5-in-1’, a couple of weeks before turning them onto winter crops. Eve Hall, LLS District Veterinarian in Albury, said “cereal crops are high in water-soluble carbohydrates, and this puts stock at an increased risk of an overgrowth of clostridial bacteria in the gut. A booster vaccine is a cheap, simple and effective measure to reduce pulpy kidney losses during the change in diet.” Just a word of advice – the pulpy kidney component of these multi-strain vaccines is likely to provide maximum protection for around three months. If you are turning livestock onto high quality forage, it is essential that the booster vaccination is current.
Key Points • Sowing winter crops early can allow grazing and grain recovery • Implement good agronomic and livestock management to maximise productivity of both enterprises • Be aware of potential animal health implications of grazing certain crops – if unsure seek veterinary advice.
Provide a mineral supplement: It has become standard practice to give stock access to a ‘loose lick’ when they are grazing winter cereals, particularly wheat. Growth rates can be very disappointing if stock do not have access to extra calcium and magnesium while grazing cereals (particularly Wedgetail wheat). There is very good evidence which highlights improved livestock performance when providing this type of supplementation. Mixing coarse salt, agricultural lime and Causmag at a ratio of 2:2:1 produces a relatively inexpensive lick. Stock need to have unrestricted access to the lick to provide them with adequate mineral supplementation. Initially, you may need to increase the salt and decrease the Causmag to encourage them onto the lick. Then, over the course of a few weeks, reduce the salt and increase the Causmag until the 2:2:1 ratio is achieved. The Causmag component of the loose lick is very bitter (palatability can be a problem), and can set ‘rock hard’ when wet. There are some alternate licks which overcome some of these problems. Avoid nitrate poisoning – don’t graze within 3 weeks of topdressing: When crops take up nitrogen after a topdressing, their nitrate levels can increase to toxic levels. A simple guide is to avoid grazing for three weeks after topdressing nitrogen fertiliser. Feed animals hay prior to introducing them to winter crops: Ruminants can tolerate quite high levels of nitrate in their diet, converting it through to ammonia. However, if they have a sudden increase in nitrate intake, they are unable to convert it quickly enough to avoid nitrate poisoning. The main risk period is when stock first enter winter crop paddocks. If they are hungry, they will eat large amounts of the lush feed, potentially taking in high nitrate levels. Feeding them hay, ensuring they are full, and moving them onto winter crops in the afternoon are two ways of reducing this risk. Provide hay supplement while grazing brassica crops: Brassicas, such as canola, are highly nutritious but are, however, low in fibre. Livestock will compensate for this by consuming some hay, if it is on offer, while they are grazing the canola.
A grassy or cereal hay is quite adequate for this purpose. The stock will gain most of their nutrition from the brassica, but will self-compensate for the low fibre by eating some hay. Without this source of fibre, growth rates will be lower. Monitor your livestock: There are a range of potential livestock disorders which can result from grazing winter crops. Cattle grazing canola can be particularly prone to digestive and reproductive problems. Careful attention to your livestock management, with a steady transition onto new feeds (to allow time for the rumen bugs to adjust to a new diet), is important. Keep a close eye on your livestock. Set stocking or rotationally graze? The research suggests that set stocking is likely to maximise animal productivity from these types of systems. The other important consideration is length of grazing. There is little benefit in allowing your livestock to graze a certain crop for a short period of time, and then remove them. The rumen bugs take time to adjust to a new diet. Grazing a paddock of canola for two weeks, and then removing them on to a completely different feed, will likely result in disappointing livestock performance. At least a month on the same feed is required to see measurable gains in livestock performance – so have enough paddocks to ensure adequate grazing time on similar crops. In summary, any winter crop can be grazed successfully, provided your management of both the crop and your livestock is up to scratch. By keeping a careful eye on your livestock, particularly during the induction period, ensuring animal health treatments are up-to-date and adlib access to fibre and mineral supplements, monitoring plant nutrition and grazing withhold periods, you will give your livestock every opportunity to maximise the benefits from grazing high quality winter crops.
John Fowler (left) and Adrian Smith (right), are senior lands services officers with Murray Local Land Services.
Murray Local Land Services INVASIVE SPECIES
LOCUSTS in FOCUS With reports of locust numbers building in the region, we need your help to manage the issue.
Call our Invasive Species team to report locust activity 03 5881 9900 (Deniliquin) 03 5886 2100 (Jerilderie)
Locusts are now at the ‘hopper’ or ‘nymph’ stage and will soon begin fledging - that is, getting ready to fly. It’s important for you to report any bands of locust nymphs you see. The more we know about where they are and in what numbers, the better our response can be.
A locust band eating through wheat stubble in northwest NSW. Photo courtesy North West Local Land Services
For further information: Murray Local Land Services P: 03 5881 9900 (Deniliquin) 03 5886 2100 (Jerilderie) 02 6051 2200 (Albury) Farm Talk ad - Mar 2021.indd 1
www.lls.nsw.gov.au/regions/murray
26/02/2021 2:34:28 PM
MARCH 2021
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FARMtalk • 23
Free Farm Table Memberships
The Farm Table is a one-stop shop for farming information and you can sign up now as a free member. Farm Table is designed to save time for farmers online so you can more easily find what you are looking for. The national online knowledge sharing platform connects producers with the latest research, opportunities and resources, and to each other, to help them to navigate the complexities of farming. It aims to help build on-farm knowledge with an extensive agriculture database, boost growth for Australian farmers with a national training, events and grants hub, and accelerate on-farm innovation with a comprehensive agtech and machinery directory. If you are a farmer, fisher, grazier, primary producer, staff member/partner of a farming business, agricultural student, aspiring or retired farmer you can sign up for free. There are two easy steps to setting up your membership, filling in the form and complete your profile on the Farmer Exchange. To sign up as a free member visit https://farmtable.com.au/farm-member-join-us/
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Deniliquin Newsagency Office Choice 249 Cressy Street, Deniliquin. Phone 5881 2080. www.deni.com.au
Photo of the Month What do you do on a warm day when you’re on a farm in Mayrung and the nearest pool is a car ride away? You cool down in the rice paddies of course. Tarria Moore snapped this shot of Evelyn (left) and Wynona, and their dog Zeus, taking advantage of the natural flow of the water. It’s the perfect reminder that water is not only important for production, but for the environment and recreation too.
Submit your photo and caption for the FARMlife Photo of the Month via Facebook (@farmtalkmagazine), Instagram (@farm.talk) or email farmtalk@denipt.com.au.
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