Sustainable Design Camp 2017 | Book | Graduate

COPYRIGHT AND PHOTOCOPYING

Program of Sustainable Architecture and Urban Systems Department of Architecture and Urban Design Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies Kyushu University Department of Architecture College of Architecture Texas A&M University

PUBLISHER

Hana-Shoin Corporation 2-9-2, Shirogane, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka 810-0012, Japan

EDITORS

Koichiro Aitani, Ph.D. Emily Cloat Panwang Huo Leslie Tijerina

DESIGN

Emily Cloat Panwang Huo Leslie Tijerina

PRINTING

Kijima Inc. Fukuoka

ISSUE

January 2018

ISBN TEL +81 (0)92-642-2111

HP

kyudai-archurb.jp/saus/ dept.arch.tamu.edu

1

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY, JAPAN

CHINESE CULTURE UNIVERSITY, TAIWAN

TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY, USA

1

2

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 05 09

FOREWORD SUSTAINABLE DESIGN CAMP OUTLINE

SITE 19 23

FUKUOKA, JAPAN ITO CAMPUS, ITOSHIMA, JAPAN

STUDENT WORK 29 39 47 57 67 77 87

GROUP ONE GROUP TWO GROUP THREE GROUP FOUR GROUP FIVE GROUP SIX GROUP SEVEN

OVERVIEW

101 AFTERWORD 104 FACULTY + STUDENTS

ARCHITECTURAL EXCURSION 107 ARCHITECTURAL TRAVELS 177 EDITOR’S REVIEW 181 SPECIAL THANKS

3

4

FOREWORD TAKERU SAKAI, DR. ENG. Professor Kyushu University

The design camp began with Tongji University in 2009. Then there was the design camp with University of Gadjah Mada in Indonesia, The University of Hong Kong in China, University of Moratuwa in Sri Lanka, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, The University of Architecture of Ho Chi Minh City, Van Lang University in Vietnam, Tribhuvan University in Nepal, and Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology in Bangladesh. Moreover, the design camp has also been carried out in Fukuoka and sponsored by Kyushu University since 2009.

Various places in the Fukuoka metropolitan area have been the site.

Recently, the charrette workshop focuses on the field of urban/architecture design and city planning in the world. In the design camp, the theme of sustainability is centered on the neighborhood level. It is new in the world that specialties, such as an urban design, public health, energy, water cycle, architectural planning, building structure, townscape, and environment assessment, jointly guide students. I have met the students of many universities since 2008. The earnest attitude of the students who forget their time and tackle their subject is the same as other universities. Moreover, there are many excellent students who take in much from the experience and grow from it.

Kyushu University Ito Campus was the camp’s location this year.

This design camp was a large-scale exercise for the students of Texas A&M University, Chinese Culture University, and Kyushu University. Some teams could not reach the expected level in the mid-term review. However, they were able to improve and reach that level within the short period of time. Many students stayed in the studio all night on the final day. Although it was a 5

short period, the connection between the students is expected to continue for a long time.

I would like to thank the staff of Itoshima City Government who assisted this camp and offered suitable materials for students.

Moreover, I would like to appreciate Professor Aitani and Professor Kuo, who introduced their students to this design camp and guided them eagerly and politely. Furthermore, I appreciate all the people involved with this camp.

ROBERT WARDEN Interim Department Head Department of Architecture Texas A&M University Urban areas throughout the world have presented extraordinary sets of challenges to its cities. Increased population, energy costs, and dwindling natural areas, density will be an important topic for planners and designers of the built environment everywhere. This was an extraordinary experience for all of the students from three different international universities to become sensitive to the rich Japanese culture and traditions in a contemporary urban setting. This design workshop challenged all participants to better understand the generic and the unique qualities of Itoshima, Japan. These issues affect fundamental conditions for human habitation both at the individual level and for entire social and economic systems.

The growth of Itoshima exhibits in many cases very similar pressures further characterized by an overlay of cultural influences. I cannot stress enough the importance of students being exposed to what is a cultural overlay to generic urban issues. The study of these various environments and an understanding of the consequences of their extraordinary growth through a workshop experience provides an unequaled opportunity for the students to share information based on an on-site observation of over densification. The resultant products of these workshops provide further insight for the future of these areas for local consumption and invaluable training for the next generation of design leaders. Although conceptual in nature, it is hoped the analysis, identification of fundamental planning principles, local development goals and a design response will be of help to the people of Itoshima.

planners, and engineers. These experiences have an immediate impact on our students beyond those who participated. The knowledge and experiences gained in Itoshima are directly imparted in the classroom in many of our graduate courses. The combined efforts of faculty and students from three different universities representing three nations speaks well to a better understanding of the universal interest of these issues and the partnerships by many to better understand and provide alternative strategies for the development of the world’s urban infrastructure.

The Department of Architecture, Texas A&M University, is grateful for the insight and rewarding experiences our students were exposed and look forward to continuing as one of the participating universities in the future workshops.

Again, Kyushu University of Japan is to be congratulated on its development over the years of a series of workshops that bring exposure and real world experiences to future architects, 6

DR. ELTON ABBOTT, AIA Associate Dean for International Programs Department of Architecture Texas A&M University Our hosts from Kyushu University and colleagues from the Chinese Culture University (Taiwan) have been very generous in their welcoming of our students and faculty from Texas A&M. Participation in the Sustainable Design Workshop in Fukuoka provided our Texas A&M students with a unique opportunity for inter-cultural development. Although we have many international students in our program at Texas A&M University, working to explore design solutions with a multi-national team in another country is rarely one of our options.

During preliminary explorations, our students had the opportunity to become sensitive to the rich Japanese culture.

This design charrette challenged all the participants. Although the project was limited to a week, the student proposals represented dramatic insight into relieving some of the issues confronting the development of this rural area in Itoshima.

Many of our students have participated in other programs abroad. Their adjustment to the unique character of Japan, while addressing significant design challenges on a very intense work schedule, required strength and maturity that would have challenged any practicing professional. Long days in the studio, followed by nightly reviews allowed little time for relaxation.

However, the fixed duration of the workshop necessitated this intense level of dedication by both student participants and faculty. Local governmental officials also participated in the review process and the student proposals will stimulate continued response in the coming years.

Adding to the overall experience in Japan were the visits to sites of architectural and cultural significance in Kyoto, Hiroshima and Tokyo. A corollary benefit to this experience in Japan for our 7

Texas students is exposure to a highly developed transportation system, serving a population that is more dense than any of our Texas cities. As Texas becomes more urbanized, we have lessons to be learned in serving our developing cities with modern transportation networks.

Special recognition is needed for our colleague Dr. Koichiro Aitani from Texas A&M University (formerly of Kyushu University). Through Ko’s tremendous efforts, this entry into Japan by our Department of Architecture has been a great success. Additionally, Professor Robert Warden, Interim Head of the Department of Architecture at Texas A&M University should be recognized for his encouragement of our student participation in this workshop.

We look forward to continued collaboration, both in Japan and through exchange programs that we are developing with our colleagues in Kyushu.

8

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN CAMP OUTLINE KOICHIRO AITANI, PH. D. Associate Professor, Texas A&M University Visiting Professor, Kyushu University

INTRODUCTION Kyushu University is constructing Ito campus, which extends over Fukuoka city and Itoshima city. Three campuses named Hakozaki, Ropponmatsu, and Haramachi will be integrated into one at Ito Campus. The relocation started in 2005 (Heisei 17) October. The relocation of the faculty of engineering, faculty of science and basic education programs are in progress. The multi-year relocation is expected to be completed in 2018.

The study area of this design workshop consists of planned area for future Kyushu University Academic City, and Maebaru northern area and Shima eastern area, of Itoshima City planning master plan. The objective of this design workshop is discovering the urban design possibilities of suburban campus life in the unique living environment of Itoshima. The workshop will also try to develop the urban design and architectural proposals to enhance the living environment of the students and employees of Kyushu University as well as the living environment of residents of the area.

Multidisciplinary student teams from urban design, architecture planning, environment, building structures and the landscape will study the problems and potentials of the site. The environment evaluation tool CASBEE for community development will be used to evaluate solutions and the existing condition of the site. Estimating the BEE (Building Environmental Efficiency) to evaluate the environmental performance of buildings before and after the planning of the scheme is a unique learning process of this workshop.

9

SITE SELECTION + WORKSHOP METHODOLOGY

Over the years there have been several workshops conducted in this fashion: nine Sustainable Design Camps (both domestic and international) have been conducted by SAUS (Sustainable Architecture and Urban Systems, Kyushu University), four joint workshops conducted by SAUS and RIEAE (Research Institute of East Asia Studies, Kyushu University), and three International Architectural & Urban Design Workshops conducted by the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ), Town Building Support Committee/Urban Planning Research Committee. The author has personally been involved as one of the instructors in all of these workshops.

SITE SELECTION

To achieve sustainable architecture and urban environments, it is critical to carefully select target sites for the exercise.

Considerations such as social aspects, cultural aspects, issues relating to diverse climates, regions, nationalities, etc. For the first workshop (March, 2009), the Jinze District was selected, which is a poor district in the economically booming city of Shanghai.

For the second one, Meiji Dori, a high street of Fukuoka city was chosen. For the third one (September, 2009), Yogyakarta, the old capital of Indonesia was chosen and students are distributed to the two districts, one for Community Design of Malioboro district, and another one for Heritage Preservation and Disaster Recovery for Kotagede district. The fourth workshop (September, 2010) addressed the urban development of Fukuoka city utilizing seven important locations in the city center, called “Toshi Tsubo (Urban Acupuncture)”. The fifth one (September, 2010), located in the highly developed and dense district of Kowloon, Hong Kong, studied the utilization of an old fruit market in Yau Ma Tei as a catalyst of regeneration of the district. In the sixth workshop (August, 2011), proposals were developed for planning of the area following the relocation of the Hakozaki campus of Kyushu University. For the seventh one (September, 2011), Wanathamulla, located between the capital of Sri Lanka and the commercial center of Colombo, was chosen to be the site for an Engine of Colombo Development. The eighth one (September, 2012) was held in Fukuoka for the second time. However, this time studies focused on two cores of the city center, “Tenjin districts” and “Hakata districts”, in relation to the idea of a strong linkage and connection for the realization of a leading model of compact city with connection to the Hakata Bay area. The ninth one (September, 2012), a re-generation of Ho Chi Minh City as Re-Cyclic Town was proposed through upgrading slum areas along the Te Canal. For the tenth one (July, 2013), Kirtipur, the ancient capital of Nepal was chosen to provide development proposals utilizing its given nature and cultural landscape. In the eleventh one (September, 2013), the district design was examined

to regenerate four abandoned elementary schools in Fukuoka city. The twelfth one (August, 2014), developed proposals for the regeneration of the urban brown field of Hazaribagh, Dhaka.

The thirteenth one (August, 2015), was focused on reactivating the Haruyoshi district of Fukuoka city through place making. The fourteenth one (August, 2016) focused on the redevelopment of the Post-Hakozaki Campus, and finally, this year (August, 2017), for Itoshima Development.

On the other hand, in the AIJ’s International Architecture & Urban Design workshop, three Japanese cities were selected for study.

The first one (March, 2010) was Karatsu, Saga. Since ancient times, Karatsu City has prospered as a gateway for trade, and developed into a significant crossroad. It has promoted cultural exchange through the development of elaborate traditions such as Karatsu Pottery, and has a thousand-year history of rich social exchange activities, such as the Karatsu Kunchi Festival. However, the city is currently confronted with problems of decreasing population, aging population ratio and economic decline within the downtown area. Karatsu shares these problems with many small cities in Japan. A new approach to urban design can help confront these problems and create a new attractiveness that recognizes the city’s potential. The second one (March, 2011), was also a castle town developed in the mountains. Students developed a revival plan that strived for the symbiosis between the beautiful nature and the city of Takahashi, Okayama. The third workshop (July, 2012), aimed to come up with an idea for the post relocation of Odakyu Railway Line from above grade to underground, providing great opportunity for reuniting the northern and southern parts of Shimokitazawa, Setagawa Ward, Tokyo, which had been divided by the railway for a long time.

CHARACTER OF TARGET SITE

For each workshop it is important to acquire an in-depth understanding of the site. The following are frequent issues that each workshop addresses: 1. Once prosperous regions face urban decline with population growth and economic instability.

2. Due to a shift in industrial activities, cities have lost a major industry that had sustained its citizens’ jobs, income taxes, etc.

3. Historical resources for regeneration, such as building heritage, provide the possibility for valuable street-scapes 4. Natural resource for regeneration such as beautiful nature is available 5. Varying public connectivity and transportation exist.

6. Sense of the community is lacking or has been completely 10

lost.

Additionally, there are many common urban issues which many cities suffer from such as the hollowing out of the city center, “downtown”, due to a decreasing population, an aging society, a loss of the young generation to the big cities for better opportunities, the rapid suburbanization by automobile oriented society, urban spread due to highway networks and development of suburban shopping centers, and a decline of old shopping streets in the city center.

To conclude, the following six themes are the common urban design theory for regeneration: 1. Succession of Urban Memory: utilize unique character of city’s asset such as historical inheritance and the cultural heritage 2. Unity and Connection: re-network a variety of fragmented, dispersed resources 3. Pedestrian Oriented Compact City: Construction and maintenance of pedestrian friendly streets 4. Return of Inhabitants to the Urban Center: Providing comfortable residential places to accommodate a diversity of residence 5. Landmark: Creation of a place that can become the symbol of the city, town, or even district 6. Strengthen a Sense of Community

PRINCIPLES OF EDITING URBAN DESIGN

In order to address the issues, the workshop began by carefully analyzing the city’s potential for improvement and considering the views of both the residents and visitors. Most of the time, we learned that the cities had many natural resources and assets that result from a long history of trade, transportation and cultural exchange and knowledge. However the cities lost much of its attractive characteristics because those resources and assets were fragmented. A truly attractive city is the one which encourages people to walk. In order to create a more walkable neighborhood, a new design approach can be applied to any city. Exchange may “re-edit” and reveal the city’s historic character as a walkable city.

PROCESS OF WORKSHOP

The specific process is divided into the following eight stages.

1. Sharing Basic Information (Understanding of Aim and Process) Participants must clearly grasp the purpose and position of the workshop. There must be an understanding of the targeted country and city’s economic and social position as well as an 11

overall understanding as to why the study area was chosen. The significance of a multi-field conversion study workshop must also be grasped knowing where one can contribute based on his/her expertise.

2. Site Survey (Understand the Area through a Site-Visit) In order to grasp the outline of the study area, a personal visit of the study area and related facilities in the vicinity is required in which research data is gathered on foot. It is important to clearly differentiate between two types of field work. 1) Grasp and understand the features of the study area by intuition in a short time, and 2) take time and conduct analytical research in the study area based on research indices. It is preferable to conduct the former at this early stage, while the latter should be conducted as part of later, individual group work.

3. Collection of Local Information and Interview Residents It is imperative to properly collate the issues of urban planning and environmental problems as well as information concerning policies for the measures to be taken. This should be done through the attending of lectures by the administration and universities as well as the referencing of existing information about the study area. In addition, it is important to ask citizens (called stakeholders) to present opinions concerning the current situation and their ideas regarding what it should be. These results will be the basis for establishing an urban and environmental plan.

4. Presenting a First Impression Before obtaining and analyzing detailed information of the study area, students walk around the study area without preoccupation and present the features of the study area intuitively. This is for the purpose of obtaining basic information to be used for future work in the workshop. Each participant/group decides on the main theme to be pursued based on this information.

5. Analysis of the Site Areas (Extraction of “Problems” and “Potentials”) Study and analysis of the topography, geography, history, nature, and environmental quality are used to extract “Strengths” and “Weaknesses” in the study area, and become aware of outside “Opportunities” and “Threats” (SWOT analysis). Additionally, “problems” and “potentials” in both the inside and outside environment are extracted.

6. Future Vision of the District (Investigation of the Strategic Design) Groups think about how the problems in the study area can be solved, and what an attractive place it can become in the end. Then search for a means in which the future vision can be

established based off of the strategic design methods available.

Through the discussion, solutions for the existing “problems” are developed and a specific strategy to reach the site’s potential is reached.

7. Specific Design and Plan for an Effective Site Teams focus on a specific location or facility through which improvement would have the greatest effect on the area as a whole. A specific plan or design is proposed taking into consideration its context in order to show an actual example of the future vision as well as to show the strategic design method discussed as a prototype. By focusing on one significant location and making a concise proposal, a significant improvement is expected to emerge in the whole study area.

8. Implementation of the Vision (Scenario Proposal in Order to Implement the Plan) Study of the legal, financial and economic basis as well as the control/management system after the completion is conducted in order to put the final plan/design into practice so that the existence of a realistic and feasible scenario as opposed to a fictional one can be shown. It is hoped that the scenario in the timeline can be presented in stages: short term, middle term, and long term.

To present the society with a realistic scenario, not a fictional plan, it is important to study the legal and financial logistics, and the management for the long term vision, in order to implement final designs.

This shows the comprehensive process of the workshop, in which participating students are divided according to their research topics. Because the students can sometimes lose focus on their target and make their collaboration difficult, it is quite important for the participants to regularly report on their process and receive advice from the instructors and experts. There should be at least four levels of design review process for exchanging ideas as listed below.

A) Desk Critique To review the design process of each group, the instructors and experts go around the group-tables and discuss the design orientation.

B) Pin-Up The participating members show their ongoing work to the instructors and colleagues and conduct a design review in a relaxed way. It is important to avoid the overlapping of themes and to check the mutual relationship among the group projects.

A process to confirm the structural strength of the proposal by all

the members is implemented here.

C) Mid-term Review In the middle of the workshop process, it is important for the participants to make an interim presentation to the government officials and the “stakeholders” (the local citizens) to help them understand the progress of the work. At this point the effectiveness of the selected methods (image, model, oral presentation etc.) are analyzed and decisions are made with regards to how to make them more easily understood by the citizens.

D) Final Review For the final presentation the participants must highlight what they have learned and accomplished throughout the workshop incorporating the changes made with regards to the feedback they received during previous reviews. Using the workshop’s process as an introduction, the participants present their final products by groups. It is necessary to pursue a high standard of quality in order to impress the representatives of the community and the press media through attractive panels, models, handouts and visual slideshow presentations.

The workshop held in Fukuoka, Japan was hosted by Kyushu University from August 17 to 24, in collaboration with Chinese Culture University (Taiwan), National Chung Hsing University and Texas A&M University. The major theme of the workshop was the revitalization of the waterfront and commercial districts of Haruyoshi. During the workshop, the students were divided in eight teams each tasked with creating a future vision for one section of the district. In this eight day collaborative charrette workshop the participating undergraduate and graduate students of home (27 participants) and abroad (25 participants) worked under the guidance of 14 faculty members from the participating universities.

The Sustainable Design Workshop explored a multidisciplinary approach towards developing sustainable urban design and environmental strategies, considering Haruyoshi as a target area for creating a 21st century urban model. The students devised urban design and environmental strategies considering local context and international experiences for sustainable development of the area.

During the charrette period each group gathered data and formed conclusions about the situation. Each group then formulated a proposal scheme which they presented at the conclusion of the workshop.

12

13

14

15

16

DAISUKE SUMIYOSHI, DR. ENG. Associate Professor Kyushu University

CASBEE As a matter of course, energy consumption of cities and architecture play a large role in the global warming and depletion of energy resources. There are numerous issues to which the fields of architecture and urban design must respond to, that exist in regard to energy conservation and the reduction of carbon emissions. Against such a background, countries throughout the world have developed tools for evaluating the environmental performance of buildings, and these tools are recently displaying a rise in popularity.

Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) is a tool for evaluating the environmental performance of buildings developed uniquely in Japan by a subcommittee of the Institute for Building Environment and Energy Conservation under the leadership of Japan’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. The evaluation is carried out step-by-step in a question and answer format according to an instructions manual. Final evaluations are displayed according to a five rank system of “S Rank” (Excellent), “A rank” (Very Good), “B+ Rank” (Good), “B- Rank” (Fairly Poor), and “C Rank” (Poor)according to the value of the Built Environment Efficency (BEE). BEE is determined by dividing the Environmental Quality (Q) by the Environmental Load (L).

Therefore, even if the architecture has a high environmental quality, the total score will be lowered if the environmental load is too heavy.

The Environmental Quality is ranked according to Indoor Environment (thermal comfort, lighting, etc.), Quality of Service (durability, adaptability, etc.) and Outdoor Environment on-Site 17

(conservation, local characteristics, etc.). The Environmental Load is ranked according to Energy (natural energy utilization, efficient operation, etc.), Resources and Materials (water resources, reducing usage of non-renewable resources, etc.) and Off-site Environment (consideration of local and surrounding environment, etc.).

Evaluation by CASBEE remains fundamentally voluntary, and no legal obligation regarding notification of results exists, but usage nonetheless is observable amongst local autonomous bodies.

Since CASBEE offers a broad perspective on design, it is useful not only as an evaluation tool but also as a design tool. Versions exist not only for architectural specialists, but also for use by municipalities and renovation. Use in Japan is on the rise and further developments are expected in the future.

18

SITE FUKUOKA, JAPAN INTRODUCTION Fukuoka city is located in southern Japan on the island of Kyushu which has a population of fifteen million. The city has been deemed a gateway to the Asian countries as it is centrally located among many prominent cities of China, Korea and Japan. This has caused a great deal of trading and exchanging of ideas from Fukuoka within the continent of Asia throughout history.

The population of the city of Fukuoka is estimated at 1.5 million and the total land area is 341.32 square kilometers. Fukuoka’s population number has been steadily increasing which contrasts from the declining population of many Japanese cities. Fukuoka city has increased about 14.5 percent since the year 2000 and the Fukuoka metropolitan area has increased 18.6 percent.

Another characteristic of the city is that it has a higher ratio of young people within the population when compared to other Japanese cities.

The urban areas of Fukuoka are concentrated which supports a steady road network and public transportation facilities. There has been an effort to preserve the nature of Fukuoka. This has been done by creating historical sites and enhancing the landscape.

The city extends along Hakata bay on the north and is mountains enclose the urban areas. The city center is located very close to the Sea of Genkai. From there, Fukuoka has grown to form commercial and residential sub-centers spanning south, east and west from the city center. There is also an industrial district which is arranged around the airport and Hakozaki wharf.

19

Along the waterfront, there are five zones including a beach, marina, port community, intelligent logistics and container logistics. The beach and marina are used mostly for recreation while the other zones are used for distribution and industry.

CITY GROWTH The formulation of the city center started in the late seventeenth century to create a gateway between the Fukuoka area and the Hakata area across the Naka River. In the early eighteenth century, the connection across the river remained but the city center shifted eastward toward Tenjin. Up until the 1960s, much of the sub centers within Fukuoka were not connected to one another. Over the next twenty years however, the sub centers became connected across the Naka River, creating a ring between Tenjin, Hakata Area, Hakata Station and Watanabedori.

By the twenty-first century, a connection was created across this ring through a major shopping center to connect Hakata Station and Tenjin. The interconnectivity of Fukuoka city will continue to grow with the plan of more subway routes as the city grows in the future.

EDUCATION AND CULTURE Since Fukuoka is located close to the other major cities of Asia, it has a strong history of trade over the last two thousand years.

The Gold Seal given to the king of Japan by the king of China in 57 AD is a national treasure that displays the international exchanges that happened in ancient times.

There are also traditional buildings that show the historic culture

of Fukuoka. The Shofukuji Temple, which is Japan’s oldest Zen temple, and the Tochoji Temple, which contains Japan’s largest seated wooden statue of Buddha are located in Hakata, Fukuoka.

Fukuoka is home to eleven universities and nine junior colleges with the third greatest percentage of students in the population in Japan. However, most of the graduates leave Fukuoka for other prefectures. The city is known for design related, knowledge based, health, medical and environmental industries.

The city has a rich tradition of festivals and events year round.

For example, the Hakata Gion Yamakasa is exciting for the entire city and the Music City Tenjin turns Fukuoka into a live music venue.

In order to move people within the city, there is an expansive system of public transportation through subways, rails and buses. Fukuoka boasts the largest number of buses and bus lines in the nation. The rail system is also very convenient in that it can move people to most of the urban areas within thirty minutes from the city center.

Despite having a strong public transportation system, about forty-two percent of the population still drive cars as of 2005.

Recently though there has been an increase in bike usage due to being health and environmentally conscious.

TRANSPORTATION The transportation facilities of Fukuoka include the Fukuoka Airport, Hakata Port, Japan rail, Shinkansen bullet train and many freeways. Overall the system is successful in that it moves people efficiently but has the problem of traffic congestion.

The Fukuoka Airport is located within three hours of the major northeast Asian cities. It also has twenty two routes internationally and twenty nine domestically. The Hakata port is known for supporting a transportation network within Asia.

It has transported more than 800 thousand people in the year 2007 alone and has been the top sea port in Japan fifteen years in a row. This has helped the commercial center thrive as it has been a strong trade center with East Asia.

ECONOMY AND INDUSTRY The gross domestic product of Kyushu is approximately $500 billion which is greater than that of all of Belgium. The key industries of Fukuoka City are wholesale, retail and service, which account for sixty percent of the gross production. Behind these leading industries are real estate, transportation, finance and insurance, manufacturing, construction and others.

one thousand people

POPULATION OF FUKUOKA METROPOLITAN AREA 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

under 14 years old 15-64 years old over 65 years old

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

2030

reference: national institute of population and social security research

Population of Fukuoka Metropolitan Area 20

Key Elements of Fukuoka

Fukuoka tower along Seaside Momochi Park 21

Acros Fukuoka International Hall by Emilio Ambasz

22

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS: ITOSHIMA, JAPAN ITOSHIMA CITY Itoshima is a city located in western Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2017, the city has an estimated population of 100,686 (841 from Foreign Courtiers); 48,047 males, 52,639 females, age over 65 years old of 28,059 (27.87% of population), with 41,022 households. The total area is 216.12 km². The modern city of Itoshima was established on January 1, 2010, from the merger of the city of Maebaru and the towns of Shima and Nijo.

The central area and the western area of Itoshima Peninsula and the area of the western end of Fukuoka prefecture from southwest to the south side are the city area. The north side and the western end face the Genkai-Nada (Part of Japan Sea), and the east side contacts Fukuoka City. The southern part is a mountainous region that has a spike mountainous region and is in contact with Saga prefecture, southwestern part is in Karatsu city, southeast part is in Saga city. Chikuhi Line (Chikuhi Higashi Line) runs east to west in the base of Itoshima peninsula and along the western side of the Genkai-nada, so the bed town has been increasing recently, mainly in the former Maebaru area along the same line. In addition, the rich natural environment, the increase in café and other eating and drinking establishments, the easy access to the city center of Fukuoka 30 minutes by JR (Japan Rail) also attracts attention as a tourist destination / immigration destination. It seems that it has also been selected as the top-ranking of the city where people want to emigrate recently. While being in such a favorable location, it seems like Itoshima’s biggest attraction to be the resort-like atmosphere.

Itoshima City is the place where “Ito-kuni” was written in the 23

Chinese history book “ Gishi-wajin-den“. Culture has grown as a gateway to the continent for many years, various historical sites and ruins are left in various places. Among them, the excavated goods group including Japan’s largest copper mirror “Naiko-kamonkyo” which was excavated at the Hirahara site is designated as a National Treasure.

Adjacent to the west of Fukuoka city, urban suburban agriculture and livestock industry are popular, and on holidays many people visit agricultural and livestock products and marine products direct sales offices throughout the city. In the city, there are also Kayasan called “Itoshima Fuji”, which is also called a Manyo no Uta (Historical Literature), the magical landscape of Keya no Daimon, Sakurai Futamigaura, as well as a beach with a beautiful coastline and a sand. There are scenic spots such as the sister’s beach known as “singing sand”, Shiraito Falls and Senjuin Falls where clean water flows from Mount Seburi Mountains.

In addition to this, people can enjoy the attraction of Itoshima in various ways, such as surfing, swimming in the sea, mountain climbing, workshops of various artists, golf courses, scenic cafes and restaurants, oyster huts, historical explorations around ruins. Furthermore, in the northeastern part of the city there is a total area of 275 hectares (32 hectares in Itoshima City) of Ito Campus of Kyushu University, and in the complete relocation in 2018, approximately 18,700 students and faculty and staff will join the campus and surrounding area.

Itoshima City has partnered with Fukuoka prefecture, Fukuoka city, Commercial and Economical Initiatives, and is part of the creation of a platform of knowledge centered on Kyushu University. At the same time, while seeking collaborations

and exchanges with Kyushu University, Itoshima City actively promotes urban developments as an academic research center, in all fields such as establishing urban infrastructure, living environment and information infrastructure, in order to attract enterprises and research institutes by taking a full advantage of intellectual resources for regional internationalization.

ITO CAMPUS, NEW CAMPUS PLAN: TOWARDS CREATION OF A CAMPUS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Based on the concepts “autonomous change with the times and construction of an open university that maintains vitality” and “creation of education and research centers appropriate for this,” Kyushu University has been constructing its New Campus (Ito Campus) in an area spanning the Motooka / Kuwabara district in Fukuoka City’s Nishi-ku, Itoshima City (former Maebaru City and Shima-machi). It will relocate and integrate its Hakozaki, Ropponmatsu, and Hara-machi campuses there.

In October 2005, about half the university’s engineering-related faculties moved to the New Campus and began activities there.

Located in a convenient suburb amidst the rich natural area of the Itoshima Peninsula, the New Campus (Ito Campus) operates as the core of an academic research city built on cooperation among industry, government, and academia. Framework and guidelines for consistent long-term campus development have been collected in the “Kyushu University New Campus Master Plan 2001”.

Manual”, general design policies have been compiled for public spaces to be developed throughout the campus. The components of these design policies (land-scape, colors schemes, signage, trees and plants, lighting and so on) will create an attractive campus with a distinct personality and a sense of unity.

The spacious Ito Campus is located on 275 ha, spreading across approximately 3 km east to west and 2 km north to south and spanning from Nishi-ku in Fukuoka City and Maebaru City to Shima-machi in Itoshima-gun. It is located in the center of the Itoshima Peninsula, which is west of Hakata Bay, about 15 km and a 40-minute ride by public transportation from Tenjin in the heart of Fukuoka. Although the area is a convenient suburb of a major city, it is located in a tranquil environment with much nature remaining overlooking the Sea of Genkai. The many ruins in the area attest to its rich history and the flourishing comings and goings of people there in ancient times. Plans call for a population of about 16,000, with facilities with a total floor area of roughly 500,000 M2.

The plan for relocation of present campus to new campus was firstly decided by the Kyushu Univeristy Council at October 1991. However, many difficult problems related to the environment and history in the new campus have been found for 21 years from the first plan. For this reason, the plan has been redeveloped several times until November 2012 to resolve these problems.

In the Master Plan, nine targets are laid out, pointing to the creation of an excellent research and educational environment: “Coexistence of a symbolic space that creates its own traditions and a space which can flexibly change and regenerate,” “Symbiosis of the eternal history and natural surroundings of the Itoshima region,” and “Development of a safe and comfortable campus environment.” Directives were laid out with regard to the establishment of an objective for the entire campus and a concept for the formation of space, land use, traffic conditions, infrastructure, internal spaces for research and education facilities, and phased construction and development.

A block plan for Engineering, Science and Center zones has been created based on the Master Plan. Architectural design and building construction are proceeding according to this plan.

The new Kyushu University is being created so as to have a special character of its own. In the “Public Space Design

Relocation Schedule 24

Ito Campus Zoning Map

Region Map 25

Relocation Map

26

STUDENT WORK

The target site of the Ito Campus of Kyushu University was divided into seven zones which were developed by the seven teams, which included a master planning team. Their attempt to revitalize, re-activate, and then concentrate on developing a certain part of the scheme further throughout the design camp. The team’s efforts have been to retain green spaces while encouraging new green spaces and also employing sustainable elements in their design to achieve the desirable output.

The students based their proposals on the following design guidelines: 1.

Design to reduce environmental impact.

2.

Utilize water and green in design.

3.

Employ sustainable elements in their design.

4.

Design in accordance with the new master plan.

5.

Use CASBEE ranking to evaluate the proposal.

27

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

28

GROUP ONE MASTER PLAN

ZACHARY DUNN MEAGHAN GILLIAM JING-YI HUANG SAKI KOSHIKI CHANG-MAO LAI TAKUYA SHINDO NORIYUKI UENO

29

NATURE + HEALTH The “Itoshima style� is what guided our overall concept. The slower, more nature-infused lifestyle leads to a happier and healthier life. The natural amenities are rich and lush that our design should bend to nature and fit in to the overall larger scheme of the topography. We located the student housing close to the base of the campus for proximity, but kept the rest of the residential nestled in the beautiful lake at the bottom of the mountain. Combining all these areas together is the HUB. The hub creates a focal point for restaurants, community, shopping, and transportation. This point would allow the flow of a funicular train up the mountain to meet the local bus route as well. As time passes, this funicular could be expanded further into the mountain side for improved access while still keeping a low profile.

By keeping things on ground level, or below, the mountains are able to be expressed in their true glory.

On the west side of the main mountain, would be the firefly condition of the business and technology sites. The research and technology institute would be located close to the university for easy access for students and faculty. Where the agricultural research facility is more northern located in order to spread out appropriately for its focus type. The corporate focus zone splits these two in a firefly pattern for a perfect location in the mountainside.

Further firefly locations are chosen for when the Itoshima campus and community expands in order to balance work, living, and nature. Each of these small installation will, in time, create a beautiful network of enclaves that allow for good density with the country-style home that one would expect in Itoshima. In all, the master plan allows for a beautifully connected community with fast transportation and an affinity and respect for what makes Itoshima great.

Student Housing

Agricultural Research

Executive Housing

Engineering Research

Middle Class Housing

Tech Corportations 30

Overall Master Plan 31

Primary Street Section

Secondary Street Section

Tertiary Street Section

Master Plan Zoning Legend 32

Master Plan Zoning Diagram 33

Master Plan Transportation Diagram 34

Master Plan Phasing Diagram 35

View of Transportation and Social Hub 36

37

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

38

GROUP TWO COMMERCIAL + RESEARCH + INSTITUTIONAL

CHI-WEI CHUNG TATSUHITO ITOU JEN-RU LIN ZIANG WANG MAO YOSHIDA TIANTIAN ZHAO

39

TECH ZONE The location of the site is a technical development zone adjacent to the Ito campus of Kyushu University in western Fukuoka city. The Ito campus is a new campus of Kyushu University in the suburbs. The infrastructure is perfect and the natural environment is beautiful. At the same time, Fukuoka city has been developing the western part of the city, and the location of the campus is far away from the downtown, which also hoped that more young people forces will be brought into urban development.

In order to cooperate with the construction of the city, the west of campus also would like to develop a technological development zone.

Our mission is to have the overall planning and functional zoning of the development zone, and the joint new campus will carry out urban construction work, also avoiding overdevelopment and ensure that the local excellent natural environment is not destroyed.

From the daily life of respecting local residents, we would like to create an ecological science park with a harmonious coexistence between the population and the local population.

Aerial View of Site 40

41

A) Technology Office Example: Telemetry and Satellite B) Company Office Example: JAXA, SAS, and NASDA C) Research Office Example: Areospace D) Outdoor Space Area E) Experiment & Equiment Office Example: Weather Forecast and UAV

Concept Diagram

Zoning Diagram

CASBEE Evaluation

Circulation Diagram 42

Site Plan 43

A) Technology Office

Mountain

E) Experiment & Equiment Office

Section A-A C) Research Office

B) Company Office D) Outdoor Space Area

A) Technology Office

Section B-B

Rendering of Experiment and Equipment Offices 44

Rendering of Public Outdoor Space

Rendering of Public Outdoor Space 45

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

46

GROUP THREE COMMERCIAL + RESEARCH + INSTITUTIONAL

YU-WEI CHEN ZHENG YU DING SHINA HARUYAMA SHO MAGATA SHI SHU LESLIE TIJERINA TZE YIN WAN

47

ONE WITH NATURE After doing some research and speaking to local students, we learned that much like Texas A&M, Kyushu University has a focus on agriculture and engineering research. While the rest of the CRI teams focused on the engineering aspect, our group decided to focus on the agriculture aspect.

When choosing a site, we wanted to select a site not only large enough for research and development facilities, but also was immersed in the agricultural lifestyle. We also knew we wanted our research park to be integrated with the environment which led us to choose this site for its range in topography.

We also chose this site because it interests along two main transportation roads, one mostly public while the other vehicular. The site context is mostly agricultural fields, but it does have some residential units on the northern part of our site.

Our concept was to focus on two main research types: agriculture and life sciences. We wanted to create common spaces that joined these two different facility types and provide common spaces that both can use. This led to the design of research facilities on the north and south parts of our site while having them connected through public spaces. This shaped our site and also informed our pedestrian and vehicular circulation.

As far as sustainability, we took some of the CASBEE recommendations to inform our design and aimed to achieve a high rating. This included building density, green roofs, and paving ratios.

After running a preliminary CASBEE evaluation, our design seems to earn a high rating.

Our sections show how our design works with the topography to truly integrate the research park into the scenery. The research park shows how design, site, and context, can work together to provide an architectural experience as well as functional facilities for research and corporate institutions.

Rendering of Research Park Plaza 48

49

Zoning Diagran 50

1

Commercial Café Restaurants Related Shops Market

2

Welcome Center Research Display Café

3

Student Center Shared Work Spaces Small Auditorium

4

Agriculture Commission Offices Shared Work Spaces Conference Room Public Chamber

5

Neighborhood Clinic Emergency Parking Consultation Rooms

6

Greenhouses Research Green Spaces Seed Bank Equipment Storage Data Room

7

Research and Development Labs Offices

8

Public Spaces

9

Research Crops

Site Plan 51

Site Area: 85,000 m² Gross Building Area: 27,000 m² Paving Area: 15,643 m² 18.4% < 20% Building Footprint: 13,890 m² 16.3% < 35% Green Roof Area: 13,200 m² 66.0% > 40%

CASBEE Recommended Ratios

CASBEE Sustainability Ratios

CASBEE Ratio Diagrams 52

Section Through Research Labs, Offices and Terrain

Section Through Research Plaza and Public Space 53

Rendering of Research Park 54

55

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

56

GROUP FOUR COMMERCIAL + RESEARCH + INSTITUTIONAL

MISAKI ANDO KOHEI HAMADA PANWANG HUO YU-CHEN JHENG SYUN-HE LIN HIKARU MOTOTKI MING-CHEN WU

57

FLOWING AMONG ROCKS Our concept derived from a poet describing a river flowing among rocks in the forest. In ancient Japanese culture, water stands for knowledge and wisdom, rocks stand for wealth and faith, and these symbolize the character of the institutions and firms in our site properly. Buildings are located in the mountains just like rocks, while a main road and a green way like rivers connect all the buildings together. Considering the project location had three hills surrounding the site, the building was designed with low-profiles to harmonize with the surrounding nature. Our team focused on creating start-up firm buildings that could bring unity among its users, nature, and the local citizens. Various facilities including meeting zones and auditoriums were located independently in the podium with linkages among the facilities for maximum accessibilities. Also, a plaza located in front of the main entrance as well as an open lobby welcomes visitors and local citizens with enough space to host events and exhibitions.

The buildings were designed to represent the flow of energies creating a strong dynamic profile while integrating outdoor terraces which links the flow of greeneries from the ground to the top of the building. Outdoor terraces located on each floor of the tower allows users to easily access the terraces and to feel splendid nature.

Designed as a landmark of Ito campus, all of the new buildings will been labelled green buildings due to the significantly lower energy consumption typical for buildings of this size.

This will be achieved with the well-insulated facade and intense wall and slab insulation. The office buildings will be heated and cooled through concrete core activation â&#x20AC;&#x201D; using ground water, which is fed into with a heat pump. Additional heat energy will be supplied with district heating utilizing geothermally heated water.

Rendering of Nature Integrated Building 58

59

Aerial View of Site Plan 60

Agriculture

Biology Machinery Restaurant Restaurant Machinery

Machinery Commercial

IC (Production)

IC (Design)

IC (Test)

Site Plan 61

Circulation and Zoning Diagram

Public Transportation Nodes

-Planning to fit shape of site with out cut mountain -Many open space and through wind.

-Plan makes simple road and smooth traffic -For the dominant summer wind blowing from the west, arrange so as not to become a wall, plan and promote the wind street

CASBEE Considerations

CASBEE Evaluation 62

Site Section A-A

Site Section B-B

Site Section C-C 63

B

C

A Building Section Diagram

Building Section A

Building Section B

Building Section C 64

Aerial View of Nature Integrated Building 65

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

66

GROUP FIVE RESIDENTIAL + HOUSING

TAKAYUKI FUJII WEN-CHI LIN CHLOE MENGERS NAOTO TAKAGAWA CHIA-YING YANG TIAN ZHENG

67

MID-END RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL The mid-end residential and commercial sector is the farthest sector west of the entire Kyushu University complex. We aimed to create a low roof lines and smaller builing groupings to allow for a more natural approach to the site that mirrored the landscape.

We envisioned that the demographics of this area would consist of young families, couples, and international students, allowing them to have a less hectic environment and a more residential feel. We included a primary school on the southern edge when we realized that it would benefit the younger families to have a school nearby.

The commercial hubs line the roads to act as a buffer for the residential areas to reduce noise pollution and heavy traffic. The park and green space we spread throughout both residential and commercial sectors. The circular park at the upmost corner is the first impression and entry way into the sector. We created it to draw in pedestrian traffic and to have a focal point for the site.

View of the Residential Park 68

69

Green + Water

Construction + Water

Green + Construction

Streetscape + Construction

Site Diagrams

Park Concept Diagram 70

Commercial

Park

Residential

Commercial

School

Site Plan 71

Park Site Section

View of Park 72

Education Building Section

View of Education Center 73

Education Building Floor Plans

Commercial District Section

View of Commercial District 74

4 Bedroom Unit - 120.3 sq.m.

Residential Units

View of Residential District 75

3 Bedroom Unit - 85.1 sq.m.

2 Bedroom Unit - 66.7 sq.m.

1 Bedroom Unit - 42.7 sq.m.

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

76

GROUP SIX RESIDENTIAL + HOUSING

EMILY CLOAT YUANZA FENG KEITA FUJIMOTO YUHSUAN LIN ZHE PENG NI

77

EXECUTIVE LUXURY RESIDENCES The high-end residential zone is located near the largest lake on site. This area of housing is focused on luxury, comfort, seclusion, and lifestyle. This is why it was given the most sot after and expensive lakefront real estate. The most luxurious houses are positioned right on the water, on the entire south side of the lake.

However, to give back to the community, the north side of the lake has been reserved for a park with high-end commercial spaces sprinkled in.

This area also offers many amenities for its residents. There is a community center with a pool, café, in-law quarters, and meeting rooms.

There are also baseball fields, tennis courts, a playground, and private piers. Public amenities in the park zone of the site include a plaza with fountains and splash pads, a large event style pier for concerts and public gatherings, walking and biking trails, and numerous commercial spaces.

Among these commercial spaces are artisan shops, high-end retail, cafes, coffee shops, bars, and restaurants.

The building’s aesthetic is a merge of Texas and Japanese architecture with a focus on the incorporation of nature. All of the buildings have large amounts of glazing to let in light and nature, and the materials are wood, metal, and concrete.

The houses and commercial spaces feature large observation decks, that often extend out over the water for overlooking the lake, hosting parties and events, seating area, and enjoying Itoshima’s natural environment. The largest homes feature private beaches. Trees and shrubbery are used to screen each property to increase privacy in an organic way. The space’s dimensions are luxurious even by American standards. These homes and amenities would be used to recruit professors, researchers, and donors from all over the world.

Rendering of Community Center

78

79

Site Plan 80

Concept Diagram

Housing Distribution Diagram 81

CASBEE Results

Living room

Hall

Kitchen & Dining Mech. Bath

Linen

Hall Bedroom

Laundry

Bath

Bedroom

Bath

DN

Master Bath

Observation Deck

Observation Deck

Private Beach

Kid's Playroom

Deck

Deck

1

10 5

M

Spacious Three Bedroom Floor Plans

Rendering of Spacious Three Bedroom 82

Kitchen & Dining

Master Bedroom

Hall Mech. Bath

Linen

Deck Bedroom

Bath

Hall Bedroom

Master Bath Laundry

Bath

Living

Observation Deck

Deck

Condensed Three Bedroom Floor Plans

Rendering of Condensed Three Bedroom 83

UP

Entry

UP

Bar Space

DN

DN DN

Flexible Commercial Space

Outdoor Dinning / Event Space

Deck (Option for Lake-front)

1

10 5

1

M

Commercial Floor Plans

10 5

M

Community Center Floor Plan

Section Through Commercial Site 84

Hall Hall

Bath

Bath

Hall Linen

Hall

Bedroom

DN

Laundry

Laundry

Bath

DN

Observation Deck Shared Beach

Living Room

Living Room

Deck

Deck

1

10 5

M

Duplex Floor Plans

Rendering of Commercial Space 85

Bath

Linen Bedroom

Bedroom

Bath

Bedroom

Bath

Observation Deck

KYUSHU UNIVERSITY ITO CAMPUS

ITOSHIMA

FUKUOKA

86

GROUP SEVEN RESIDENTIAL + HOUSING

YUKI KAWAMURA YUXIAN LI WILLIAM SHEFFIELD KOHEI TAKISATO POJUNG TSENG ZONGXU YANG

87

RE | GEN FIELDS Our challenge was to develop a plan for student dormitory housing along with areas for low- and medium- density commercial use. Within our chosen site, we divided these uses into three distinct zones: low-density commercial, mid-level mixed use, and mid-level dorms. The site itself sits on the southeastern corner of two major crossroads at the lower entrance to the campus.

This area allowed for an ideal location for student housing with its proximity to both the school as well as the nearby town. The large flat area also allowed for ample building space for multiple large dormitories that would have been more difficult to plan on the steeper terrain leading towards the school.

The farmland of the site inspired the modular concept of diving up the site. The fields are divided into regular blocks for 50 meters by 20, 35, and 50. These blocks then drove our zoning within our site and shaped our larger buildings as well. Our pedestrian pathways also followed this layout in connecting the site together. The site also presented a chance for landscape design.

The lake at the corner was refitted to provide irrigation to the site and surrounding farmland, as well as to provide a natural park area for use by both students and other area residents.

A greenbelt was introduced that spanned the vertical axis of the site to preserve a natural pathway while the rest of the site was urbanized.

The dormitory buildings cascade up in height from the south towards the beginning of the mountains to the north. These provide a link between the farmland and the new development.

The mixed-use feature building consists of commercial and public space on the lower floors and student living on the upper. It was designed to be a sort of hub for the student residential zone and serve as a gateway into the school.

Aerial View of Housing Complex 88

89

Concept Diagram

Circulation Diagram

CASBEE Evaluation

Elevation Diagram

Site Irrigation System 90

Low Density Commercial Area Yoneguri Lake Park

Dormitory Area

Green Belt

Community Center and Dormitory Area

Site Plan 91

Commercial Diagram

Commercial Section Diagram

Community Center Section

Community Center 92

Commercial Section A-A

Commercial Section B-B

Section B-B

View of Green Belt and Community Center 93

Dormitory Layout

Dormitory South East Elevation

Dormitory Section

Dormitory Options

Example of Dormitory Floor Plans 94

View of Green Belt and Community Center

View of Park Entrance 95

96

97

98

99

100

AFTERWORD KOICHIRO AITANI, PH. D. Associate Professor, Texas A&M University Visiting Professor, Kyushu University

The 20th century was a period of mass production, mass consumption and mass waste, by which mankind enjoyed advanced society and economic development. When the 21st century began, the period of mass production, mass consumption and mass waste gradually came to an end. 21st Century style of Living/Working could be a keyword of this workshop. This book chronicles the workshop in Itoshima. A Workshop on Development of Itoshima Area adjacent to Ito Campus of Kyushu University as part of “Sustainable Design Camp” was jointly organized by Kyushu University, Japan, Chinese Culture University,Taiwan, and Texas A&M University, USA in August 2017. A total of 44 students from Japan, Taiwan, USA had attended. Participants are mainly from Architecture and Landscape Architecture, however, students from Kyushu University are divided into Architecture Structures, Architecture Systems, Architecture Design & Planning, and Urban Design & Planning. Taking advantage of those various specialties, we have come up with seven teams, mixed internationally and interdisciplinary. One of seven teams initiated the “Master Plan”. Along with other teams, and each team tackled their focused area: Mixed Use Area (Commercial + Research + Institution), Residential Area (Housing). Richly illustrated, it documented a useful and collaborative strategy for communityoriented planning from which community leaders, academic professionals, and design students may benefit. The idea of establishing a centralized design platform in a singular location for students, instructors, and experts is not necessarily new.

However, this workshop drew upon the design profession’s best practices in collaborative design and lent an international perspective to problem solving for the community in convening their workshop in its targeted areas.

101

The full impact of this workshop strategy has yet to be measured. From the standpoint of its participants, students gained valuable experience through the exchange of design methods from various countries, while the instructors and experts clarified the next generation’s research topics and helped to develop a cohesive vision for the city and region.

The workshop will invariably see its full effect over many years as the community works to achieve its longer-term goals.

The SAUS (Sustainable Architecture and Urban Systems) of Kyushu University have continued to develop this new model of collaboration with many universities around the world. This approach to “global problem solving” holds much potential for the field of urban design/environmental design, as the profession seeks to address the increasingly complex problems of the modern city. This well-documented record of the workshop provides much knowledge for any scholar or professional involved in urban design/environmental design.

WATARU KAWABATA Nikken Sekkei Ltd. Vice Representative, Kyushu

The theme of this year’s Sustainable Design Camp was the planning of the core zone of Kyushu University Academic Research City, mainly at the Ito Campus of Kyushu University.

In the Kyushu University Academic Research City Plan, the two aspects are “building a regional science and technology system to promote exchange and creative activities of knowledge” and “formation of a comfortable space that serves as a stage for knowledge, dwelling and eternity”.

In addition, as a design concept, “Hotaru=Firefly” was proposed, which its focus is to integrate with the rich natural environment of the Itoshima region and the local community.The concept of “Hotaru=Firefly” is to distribute various activities and facilities around Kyushu University as well as provide collaboration with the environment, such as research & development, design, and SOHO (small office, home office) businesses.

Students challenged their own “Hotaru=Firefly”, making use of the natural environment of each site and land use characteristics. As a result, we had wonderful and exciting proposals, even though it was done in such a short period of time.

These proposals will be introduced in the future, such as utilizing the traditional architecture, village design that responds to the ecology of fishing and fishing villages in Itoshima, and cooperating with the creative current Itoshima region lifestyle and community. I trust this material will be utilized effectively.

Finally, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the cohosted universities, administrative agencies, academic advisors and everyone who cooperated in the design camp.

102

WEI-LUN KUO, PH.D. Assistant Professor, Chinese Culture University Visiting Research Fellow, Kyushu University

Participation in this Sustainable Design Camp in Kyushu University in 2017, Fukuoka provided students from different countries a unique experience to inter-ideas exchange, and in this design camp students tried to cooperate with each other at â&#x20AC;&#x153;Core Zone of Academic City by Kyushu Universityâ&#x20AC;? in Ito campus, Itoshima city. The multi-year relocation of Kyushu University is expected to be completed in 2018, which extends over Fukuoka city and Itoshima city. The study area of this design workshop consists of planned area for Kyushu University of Academic City, Maebaru northern area, Shima eastern area, and Itoshima City master planned area in the future. The objective of this design workshop is to discover the possibilities of suburban campus life in the unique living environment of the Itoshima area on the basis of urban design, architecture design and landscape design.

Over the past few years, in order to accommodate rapid growth of globalization, aesthetic design environments have been widely affecting the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s architecture and landscape. Multi-disciplinary team of students from different environmental departments will study the problems and potentials of this site. Particularly the students from architecture, landscape architecture and city planning, they can study sustainable environments that can oppose disasters and social changes. This camp also has students from different backgrounds to provide diversity for the environmental design.

Because of the global competition, students have to join global cooperation camp. The Sustainable Design Camp provided many valuable skills to students. These useful skills enabled students to better understand the community and culture they live in. They will become more prepared to design communities, 103

no matter what person they become in the future. Additionally, students can experience different cultures from other countries and generate new ideas from multi-national brainstorming, which is a rarely opportunity. During the Sustainable Design Camp, students from different cultural backgrounds have to make proposals to improve environment issues in a short period of time while overcoming difficulties such as language barriers. The pro and cons of the proposals were shared for discussion. In the end, all participants explained their the overall design visions and found comprehensive solutions to the design problems. The Sustainable Design Camp created the possibility of international cooperation, student growth, and generated creative solutions toawrds sustainability and regeneration.

The Sustainable Design Camp provided special inspiration and experience to Taiwanese students, and they will have further opportunities to go oversea to study or work in the future.

Finally, I would like to express my thanks to every professor, supporter, participant and students in the Sustainable Design Camp 2017.

FACULTY

Takeru Sakai, Dr. Eng. Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Akihito Ozaki, Dr. Eng. Professor, Kyushu University, Japan

Tatsuo Kanno, Dr. Eng. Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Shichen Zhao, Dr. Eng. Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Kentaro Yamaguchi, Dr. Eng. Associate Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Shintaro Matsuo, Dr. Eng. Associate Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Daisuke Sumiyoshi, Dr. Eng. Associate Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Prasanna Divigalpitiya, Dr. Eng. Associate Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Wataru Kawabata Nikken Sekkei Ltd. Vice Representative, Kyushu

Wei-Lun Kuo, Ph.D. Koichiro Aitani, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Associate Professor Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Texas A&M University, USA Visiting Professor Kyushu University, Japan

Robert Warden Interim Department Head Texas A&M University, USA 104

STUDENTS GROUP ONE Jing-Yi Huang Chang-Mao Lai Saki Koshiki Takuya Shindo Noriyuki Ueno Zachary Dunn Meaghan Gilliam

GROUP TWO Chi-Wei Chung Jen-Ru Lin Tatsuhito Itou Ziang Wang Mao Yoshida Tiantian Zhao

GROUP THREE Yu-Wei Chen Tze Yin Wan Zheng Yu Ding Shina Haruyama Sho Magata Shi Shu Leslie Tijerina

GROUP FOUR Yu-Chen Jheng Syun-He Lin Ming-Chen Wu Misaki Ando Kohei Hamada Hikaru Mototki Panwang Huo 105

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA Texas A&M University, USA

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA Texas A&M University, USA

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA

GROUP FIVE Wen-Chi Lin Chia-Ying Yang Takayuki Fujii Naoto Takagawa Tian Zheng Chloe Mengers

GROUP SIX Yu-Hsuan Lin Yuanza Feng Keita Fujimoto Zhe Peng Ni Emily Cloat

GROUP SEVEN Yu-Xian Li Po-Jung Tseng Yuki Kawamura Kohei Takisato Zongxu Yang William Sheffield

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA

Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Kyushu University, Japan Texas A&M University, USA

106

ARCHITECTURAL EXCURSION KOICHIRO AITANI, PH. D. Associate Professor, Texas A&M University Visiting Professor, Kyushu University

INTRODUCTION This workshop was the fifteenth one since I have been involved in the Sustainable Design Camp. After a successful completion of the Design camp yet another time, my students and I, from Texas A&M, embarked on a journey that would educate and introduce them to Japanese art, architecture, and most importantly, its rich cultural heritage. Never in the past has the architectural expedition been so intense and exhaustive, yet enlightening and informative. Due to scheduling conflicts, we needed to shorten the traveling period comapred to last years, which was a little unfortunate. Nevertheless, we managed a quite intensive travel schedule.

In addition to the weekend excursion to Hiroshima & Miyajima Island, our journey started in three small islands in the Setouchi inner Sea, after which we travelled to eight cities and two villages on our way to Tokyo in the East. The goal was to bring forth an experience that would be impactful and at the same time leave everyone with memories. During this trip, I wanted the students to feel the essence and vibe that each city had to offer. Each is unique in its own fashion, and for that, it was best to walk around the different sites. A major advantage of this trip was that the students got the opportunity to experience a traditional dance festival, Awa Dance, in Tokushima. To my delight, the students seemed to enjoy it and some displayed their enthusiasm by taking part in the dancing team with their traditional dressing. I am confident these experiences had an everlasting impression that students could only benefit from them. The key part of this trip was to visit buildings that displayed exceptional architecture and building technology.

Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s construction and building style varies with respect to 107

the geographical location, with masonry as the major technique in the north and lighter more skeletal frame construction in the south. The highlight of this trip was to visit the Takenaka Carpentry Tools Museum to see various tools and carpentry skills, as well as built examples.

A large number of celebrated buildings were visited throughout the expedition including the Hiroshima Peace Memorial, Itsukushima Shrine, Todai-ji Temple, Ryoan-ji Temple Zen Garden, Gifu Media Cosmos, Meiso no Mori Municipal Funeral Hall, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Takasugi-an: Floating Tea Hous, The Nagakin Capsule Tower, N.G. Hayek Center, and Prada Omote-sando. It was interesting to hear different opinions on Japanese architecture from my students and also immensely delightful to see how intrigued they were with the customs and traditions. Overall, the trip was an exciting journey from which everyone benefited from, and I look forward to yet another expedition in the coming New Year.

108

23 DAYS 900 MILES / 1,450 KM OVER 400,000 STEPS 109

福 岡

FUKUOKA is the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, situated on the northern shore of the Japanese island of Kyushu. It is the

most populous city on the island, followed by Kitakyushu. It is the largest city and metropolitan area west of Keihanshin. The city was designated on April 1, 1972, by government ordinance. Greater Fukuoka, with a population of 2.5 million people (2005 census), is part of the heavily industrialized Fukuoka–Kitakyushu zone as well as Northern Kyushu.

110

岩 国

IWAKUNI is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture. The famous Kintai Bridge (Kintai-kyo) is the city’s most popular sight-

seeing spot. The Kintai Bridge spans the Nishiki River and was first constructed in 1673 by Hiroyoshi Kikkawa. The bridge stood until September 14, 1950 when it was destroyed by the typhoon “Kijiya”. The bridge began being rebuilt only a week later and was completed in 1953.

116

宮 島

MIYAJIMA in Japanese means the Shrine Island, is an island in the western part of the Inland Sea of Japan, located in the

northwest of Hiroshima Bay. The island is one of Hayashi Gahō’s Three Views of Japan specified in 1643. Miyajima is part of the city of Hatsukaichi in Hiroshima Prefecture.

118

広 島

HIROSHIMA is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture and the largest city in the Chugoku region of western Honshu - the

largest island of Japan. Hiroshima, a name meaning “Broad Island”, gained city status on April 1, 1889. On April 1, 1980, Hiroshima became a designated city. Hiroshima is best known as the first city in history to be targeted by a nuclear weapon.

122

ç&#x160;Ź ĺłś

INUJIMA is a Japanese island in the Seto Inland Sea, located near the coast of Okayama Prefecture. A copper refinery was opened on the island in 1909, but this closed in 1919. The brick-built refinery remained largely undemolished, and from 2008, it formed the centrepiece of a large-scale art project designed to stimulate tourism to the island.

128

豊 島

TESHIMA is an island located in the Inland Sea of Japan, between Naoshima and Shodoshima islands, and is part of Kagawa Prefecture. eshima is one of the locations of the Setouchi Triennale, also known as the Setouchi International Art Festival.

132

ç&#x203A;´ ĺłś

NAOSHIMA is an island town administratively part of Kagawa District, Kagawa Prefecture, in the Seto Inland Sea. The island

is known for its many contemporary art museums. The museums and beauty of the island draw many tourists, whose visits help support the local economy. However, it is Mitsubishi Materials, loosely affiliated with other Japanese companies of the Mitsubishi name, that dominates industry on the island, as Naoshima has been the site of massive refining by Mitsubishi since 1917.

134

徳 島

TOKUSHIMA is the capital city of Tokushima Prefecture on Shikoku island in Japan. Every August, during the Obon Festival, Tokushima holds a cultural dance festival, the Awa Odori. Awa Odori literally translates as “Awa Dance” (Awa being Tokushima Prefecture’s ancient name). During the festival, residents ranging from young children to professional dance troupes perform a distinctive style of Japanese traditional dance in regional costumes, accompanied by strings, drums, and singing (usually by the dancers themselves).

138

çĽ&#x17E; ć&#x2C6;¸

KOBE is the sixth-largest city in Japan and is the capital city of Hyogo Prefecture. It is located on the southern side of the main

island of Honshu, on the north shore of Osaka Bay and about 30 km (19 mi) west of Osaka. With a population around 1.5 million, the city is part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kyoto.

142

奈 良

NARA is the capital city of Nara Prefecture located in the Kansai region of Japan. The city occupies the northern part of Nara Prefecture, bordering Kyoto Prefecture. Eight temples, shrines and ruins in Nara remain: specifically Todai-ji, Saidai-ji, Kofuku-ji, Kasuga Shrine, Gango-ji, Yakushi-ji, Toshodai-ji, and the Heijo Palace, together with Kasugayama Primeval Forest, collectively form “Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara”, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

146

亏 é&#x192;˝

KYOTO is a city located in the central part of the island of Honshu, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the

Imperial capital of Japan for more than one thousand years, it is now the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture located in the Kansai region, as well as a major part of the Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area.

150

岐 阜

GIFU is a city located in the south-central portion of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and serves as the prefectural capital. The city has

played an important role in Japan’s history because of its location in the middle of the country. Located on the alluvial plain of the Nagara River, Gifu has taken advantage of the surrounding natural resources to create both traditional industries (including Mino washi and agriculture) and tourism opportunities like cormorant fishing. Mount Kinka, one of the city’s major symbols, is home to a nationally designated forest and Gifu Castle, a replica of Nobunaga’s former castle. Gifu also hosts many festivals and events throughout the year.

158

ć?ž ć&#x153;Ź

MATSUMOTO is a city located in central Nagano Prefecture, in the Chubu region of Japan. It is a city located in Nagano

Prefecture. Matsumoto is located in former Shinano Province and was the provincial capital from the Heian period onwards. The area developed as the castle town of Matsumoto Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of the Edo period. Matsumoto is attractive to travellers not only because of the traditional culture but also its calm climate and local products. Matsumoto Castle, built more than 400 years ago. It is a Japanese National Treasure.

162

安 曇 野

AZUMINO is a city located in central Nagano Prefecture, in the Chubu region of Japan. Chihiro Art Museum Azumino, de-

signed by Naito Architects & Associates, opened its doors in Nagano Prefecture. As Chihiro’s parents were both from Nagano, Chihiro was very familiar with the region and held a deep affection for it as her spiritual home. The Chihiro Art Museum Azumino, surrounded by a 35,000-square-meter park, is located in Matsukawa Village, where Chihiro’s parents settled after the end of World War II to devote the rest of their lives to the reclamation of uncultivated land there.

164

茅 野

CHINO is located in a mountainous area of east-central Nagano prefecture, in the Chubu region of Japan. In 1991 Fujimori began to practice architecture with his first work, the Jinchokan Moriya Historical Museum (Jinchokan Moriya Shiryokan) in Chino, Nagano.

Situated in Chino, the Takasugi-an Tea House is a four and a half tatami mat tea house supported six metres above the ground on two load-bearing trees (the name literally means “too high tea house”).

166

東 京

TOKYO is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.[8] It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government. Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.

168

176

EDITOR’S REVIEW KOICHIRO AITANI, PH. D. Associate Professor, Texas A&M University Visiting Professor, Kyushu University

As a member of Texas A&M University’s faculty, this design camp was the 4th one I have had the opportunity to participate in. The theme of the workshop was to design the plan of the core zone of Kyushu University Academic Research City at the Ito Campus of Kyushu University, which will completed by the end of 2018. Over 25,000 students and faculty now settle in the Western part of Fukuoka City and Itoshima City. Comparing to the old campus, Hakozaki, has hundreds of student-friendly shops and apartments: such as cheap diners, privately owned boarding houses, and etc., Ito Campus area is still lacking the sense of a “Campus Town”.

Itoshima city is known for its beautiful nature; mountains, beaches, and agriculture products. Yet, it is only 30 minutes from the center of Fukuoka city. Sunset beach concerts are held every summer, surfers come to surf, cyclists run around the peninsula, and fishing becomes popular. Now a days, people’s life style has been shifting from “just working” to “enjoying hobbies”. Itoshima could be the place for people enrich themselves with nature, without becoming totally disconnected from the “city”. Residential apartments, single homes with view oceans are easily achieved in Itoshima. If it is in Tokyo, people need to commute at least two hours to reach this setting.

The challenge of this workshop was how to activate a redevelopment that could attract talented researchers from the world. The potential of the area is quite high, however, the living environment, such as residential facilities are not as high as “World Class Institutes”. The Graduate students of Kyushu University, Chinese Culture University (Taiwan) and Texas A&M University have proposed a future vision of the village-like Itoshima after one week of an intensive workshop. While the 177

students’ proposals are preliminary concepts, they delivered ideas to which could brighten the neighborhood. I hope this workshop will trigger the discussion towards a future plan of Itoshima. I would like to express my appreciation to all the participants and supporters.

178

EDITOR’S REVIEW

EMILY CLOAT I never imagined that I would have such an amazing opportunity as to travel to Japan and see so many famous works by famous architects first hand. It is hard to pick just one highlight, everyday was filled with many different sites and experiences.

Japan’s natural beauty is something that pictures just do not do justice to, and I am glad that I was able to see so many remarkable views. Experiencing another culture is always beneficial, and I believe it helped make me a more rounded person.

The workshop itself was unique challenge both in time constraints and expectation of quality. However, at the end of it I was amazed by myself and all of my classmates at what we were capable of. I believe there are few circumstances that can get the same quality of work in that short amount of time. Collaborating with people from other counties and working through language barriers was also a very rewarding experience. Everyone was very welcoming and helpful, I learned a lot from my groupmates and the other friends I made through the program.

PANWANG HUO There is no doubt that we had a pretty good time in Japan. The impact of Japanese culture for me was quite impressive. During the three weeks studying in Japan, I found myself in an entirely new world. The streets and lanes are spotless; houses on both sides of the road appear particularly elegant; everybody is polite and respectful; wherever you go, you can’t hear a loud noise.

Seto inland sea, a magical place full of artistic works, whose 179

culture, architecture, art have a fantastic beauty. I cannot either forget the collision between the traditional and modern culture of the Tokyo region. I would like to visit Japan again and again in the future.

LESLIE TIJERINA I had been anticipating traveling to Japan immediately after last year’s participants shared their experiences with me. I couldn’t wait to get to experience Japan for myself. It was much anticipated, but it was so worth the wait. Traveling to Japan has to be one of the most valuable experiences in my life. Having travelled through the rural and urban areas of Japan really helped me appreciate the Japanese culture in a whole new light.

Architecturally, Japan has such a wide spectrum, from traditional to ultra-modern, but one thing is for certain, you know you are in Japan. So many breath taking sites to take in, it was hard to believe we got to see most of Japan in less than a month. I will cherish this experience, and look forward to my next voyage to Japan.

I would like to thank Kyushu University for hosting the workshop, Chinese Culture for their willingness to participate yet another year, and last but not least, Texas A&M University for their encouragement and support. A special thanks goes to Ko for seeing that we got the most out of this experience.

180

SPECIAL THANKS FUKUOKA Wataru Kawabata, Nikken Sekkei Ltd. Taisuke Ohtsuru, Itoshima City Bruno Dercon, UN-Habitat Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Sachiyo Hoshino, UN-Habitat Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Tomoko Nakashima, Fukuoka City Shino Horizono, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) KYUSHU UNIVERSITY Dongki Hong, Graduate Student Yiran Hao, Graduate Student Oh Jewong, Graduate Student Oh Gyomo, Graduate Student CHINESE CULTURE UNIVERSITY (TAIWAN) Ho Pin-hsuan, Graduate Student Tsai Chia-yu, Graduate Student TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY Jorge Venegas, Dean, College of Architecture Elton Abbott, Associate Dean for International Programs, College of Architecture Robert Warden, Interim Department Head, Department of Architecture Marcel Erminy, Former Associate Department Head for M. ARCH, Department of Architecture James Haliburton, Associate Department Head for M. ARCH, Department of Architecture Araon Hernandez, Business Office, College of Architecture Patrick Moore, Study Abroad Programs Office Kyle Mohan, Academic Affairs Business Services OTHER Shinichi Ogawa, Professor, Kinki University Kazuhide Doi, Associate Professor, Kinki University Koji Saito, Hiroshima Naka Incineration Plant Shinichi Uchida, Fukutake Foundation Thomas Bruhin, Fukutake Foundation Yosuke Tada, Takamatsu Water Taxi Akiyoshi Endo, Tokushima City Mayor Anne Marie-Lillian Woldman, Tokushima City Masamitsu Tachibana, SOLA, Kukan-Soken Co.,Ltd. Terunobu Fujimori, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo Masayuki Fuchigami, Architecture Journalist, Synectics Inc. SELECT PHOTOGRAPHY Koichiro Aitani, Panwang Huo, Shi Shu, and Leslie Tijerina 181