EDITORS Bojan Lazar, Matic Jančič
6TH MEDITERRANEAN CONFERENCE ON MARINE TURTLES, POREČ, CROATIA 2018
Book BookofofAbstracts Abstracts
Editors: Editors:
6th 6thMediterranean MediterraneanConference ConferenceononMarine MarineTurtles Turtles
Bojan BojanLazar Lazar
Valamar ValamarDiamant DiamantConference ConferenceCentre Centre
Matic MaticJančič Jančič
Poreč, Poreč,Croatia Croatia Design: Design: Ideodizajn Ideodizajn/ /ideo.hr ideo.hr
ISBN: ISBN:978-953-6645-83-1 978-953-6645-83-1 CIP CIPcatalogue cataloguerecord recordisisavailable availableatatthe theNational Nationaland andUniversity UniversityLibrary LibraryininZagreb Zagrebunder underthe thenumber number001009011 001009011 Publisher: Publisher:Croatian CroatianNatural NaturalHistory HistoryMuseum, Museum,Zagreb, Zagreb,Croatia Croatia(2018) (2018) For Forthe thePublisher: Publisher:Tatjana TatjanaVlahović Vlahović ©University ©UniversityofofPrimorska Primorska Titov Titovtrg trg4,4,SI-6000 SI-6000Koper, Koper,Slovenia, Slovenia,www.upr.si www.upr.si No Nouse useofofthis thispublication publicationininwhole wholeororininpart partisisallowed allowedfor forsale saleororfor forany anyother othercommercial commercialpurpose purposewithout withoutwritten written permission permissionbybythe theUniversity UniversityofofPrimorska. Primorska.This Thispublication publicationmay maybebeused usedfor foreducational educationalpurpose purposewithout withoutspecial specialpermispermission sionfrom fromthe thecopyright copyrightholder, holder,provided providedacknowledgement acknowledgementofofthe thesource sourceisismade. made.
The TheMediterranean MediterraneanConferences ConferencesononMarine MarineTurtles Turtlesare arejoint jointinitiatives initiativesbybythe theSecretariats Secretariatsofofthe thefollowing followingConvenConventions: tions: • •Convention Conventionfor forthe theProtection Protectionofofthe theMediterranean MediterraneanSea Seaagainst againstPollution Pollution(Barcelona (BarcelonaConvention) Convention) • •Convention Conventionononthe theConservation ConservationofofEuropean EuropeanWildlife Wildlifeand andNatural NaturalHabitats Habitats(Bern (BernConvention) Convention) • •Convention Conventionononthe theConservation ConservationofofMigratory MigratorySpecies SpeciesofofWild WildAnimals Animals(Bonn (BonnConvention) Convention)
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6TH MEDITERRANEAN CONFERENCE ON MARINE TURTLES, POREČ, CROATIA 2018
POSTER PRESENTATIONS SESSION 4: THREATS
UNDERSTANDING MEDITERRANEAN MULTI-TAXA ‘BYCATCH’ OF VULNERABLE SPECIES & TESTING MITIGATION- A COLLABORATIVE APPROACH Rae V., Touloupaki E. MEDASSET, Mediterranean Association to Save the Sea Turtles. Licavitou 1c, Athens, 10672. Greece
Numerous research have been conducted on the subject relating to bycatch, but there is still great uncertainty on the scale of the issue throughout the Mediterranean. Previous studies have typically been confined spatially, related to a single taxa and have applied different methodologies of data collection. Additionally fishing communities are subject to variation across and within countries, dependent on fishing related practices and management measures. Furthermore, mitigation measures implemented are generally focused on reducing bycatch of a specific taxa and the effects on other vulnerable species is poorly understood or unknown. All these variations present a complex issue when trying to gain a Mediterranean regional wide understanding of the bycatch and effective solutions. The MAVA funded project aims to tackle these issues bringing together multi- national organisations, to implement activities spanning the Mediterranean, using standarised methodologies to collect bycatch data on multi-taxa vulnerable species. The standardised protocol is being
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developed for data collection from the Alboran Sea, Strait of Sicily/Tunisian Plateau and the Central Aegean Sea/ Cypriot Basin. Observer teams from each region will collect bycatch data from small-scale fisheries operating trawls, longlines and static nets, using three different methodologies, on-board observation, port-based questionnaires and fishermen self-sampling for vulnerable species of elasmobranchs, sea birds, marine mammals and sea turtles. Initially data will be collected to assess the scale of the issue, with mitigations trials implemented during 2019 to monitor their effectiveness on reducing bycatch on all vulnerable species. MEDASSET’s focus is primarily in Turkey, working with local partners implementing the observer programme. Data collection is planned to start August 2018 for port-based questionnaires and September for on-board observations. Presenting Author: Vicky Rae (vicky.rae@medasset.org)
Understanding Mediterranean multi-taxa ‘bycatch’ of vulnerable species and testing mitigation– a collaborative approach Vicky Rae & Eleana Touloupaki MEDASSET-Mediterranean Association to Save the Sea Turtles, 1C Licavitou St., 106 72 Athens, Greece
With Contribution from project partners ACCOBAMS, BirdLife International, GFCM, IUCN & RAC/SPA Understanding bycatch and implementing effective mitigations measures for the fishing industry is a highly complex issue. Fishing techniques, management measures and target species change across and within countries. Moreover, research conducted until present day, has been focused on specific regions, single taxa and different methodologies of data collection. Consequently, all mitigation measures tested have mostly been focused on reducing bycatch of a specific taxa and effects on other vulnerable species is still poorly understood or unknown. © Ayse Oruc / WWF-Turkey
©robertharding.com
Credit: Vero Cortés, UB-IRBio
Incidental catches of sea turtles are estimated to reach 132, 000 in the Mediterranean, resulting in 44, 000 deaths (Casale 2011).
Bycatch mortalities of seabirds across Europe are estimated to be > 200,000, with data deficiencies in many regions across the Mediterranean.
Global estimate of cetacean bycatch between 1990– 1991 was 307,753. Currently no Incidental capture estimates of elasmobranchs are globally unde- Bycatch of pinnipeds between 1990—1991 estimated consistent estimates of cetaceans bycatch extermined due to limited data availability. (Gray & Kennelly, 2018) to be 345, 611 globally (Read et al. 2005). ists. (Read et al. 2005). Questionnaire Part b) Information on bycatch of vulnerable species
On board observation - III.3) General data on vulnerable species
The MAVA funded project aims to tackle these issues by :
id. Questionnaire Do you catch any of the following group of vulnerable Y/ N species during your fishing activity? Dolphins and whales Seals Sharks and rays Seabirds Sea turtles
Id. Fishing trip Id. Fishing operation
Creating partnerships between multi-national organisations, local organisations and fishermen National observer teams & fishermen trained in collecting bycatch data using Standardised Protocols (fig 1)
Designed by GFCM, with input from the partners, outlining minimum sampling sizes and three methodologies
(3) Fishermen self-sampling Collection of bycatch and mitigation trial data into one database on four taxa of vulnerable species: Seabirds, Elasmobranchs, Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Activities implemented in three regions (western, central and eastern) across the Mediterranean (Map)
Addressing current data deficiencies, in the collection of data from small scale fisheries (FAO, 2016).
Time of ending operation
0 1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 50 > 50 If yes, on average, how many individuals in a month? Longitude (st & ed) of operation* Dolphins and whales Seals Details on gear configuration* Sharks and rays Depth (in meters) Seabirds Sea turtles Group of vulnerable species When more than one gear is used, please report the Family name of the gear? IV.3) Data on Sea turtles 0 Self-sampling 1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 50 > 50 How many in the last year? Id. Fishing trip on board observers (Y/N) Id. operation Species Dolphins and whales Id. Stranding observation Source self-sampling operation (Y/N) Id. Fishing operation Picture (Y/N)* Seals stranding observation (Y/N) Total number of individual(s) Sharks and rays caught Seabirds Weight Sex Other measures* Picture Species Id. specimen CCL (cm) CCW (cm) Notes * (yes/no)* Sea turtles (kg)* Total weight of individual(s) caught When more than one gear is used, please report the Condition at capture Fig 1 l Samples of data collection templates for on-board nameobservations of the gear and questionnaires (GFCM 2018, Draft proposal)
(2) Port-based questionnaires
Time of starting operation
Species
Latitude (st & ed) of operation*
(1) On-board observations
Sourced: FishtekMarine
©Richard Herrmann/ Minden
Inshore fleets for longline, static nets and trawlers gear (Purse seiners in Morocco) will be targeted.
MAVA regions indicated in blue for M4 Bycatch activities TURKEY
Local partners: DEKAMER; WWF Turkey; Doğa Derneği
18 Ports to be surveyed across GSA 22 & 24
Min. of 9 observers
Fishing Fleets: Trawlers, Polyvalents (longliners & static nets)
The Strait of Sicily / Tunisian Plateau
The Alboran Sea
Central Aegean Sea / Levantine Sea
MOROCCO
4 Ports to be surveyed, across GSA 2 & 3
TUNISIA
Min of 12 Observers
23 Ports to be surveyed, across GSA 12 , 13 & 14
Fishing Fleets: Trawlers, Longliners & Purse Seiners
Observer Team of 24 (19 observers, 5 supervisors)
Fishing Fleets: Trawlers, Polyvalents (longliners & static nets)
TURKEY, SURVEY EFFORT & TARGETS FOR MIN SAMPLE SIZE
Bizerte Foca Kelibia TUNISIA PORTS IN GSA 14
MOROCCO FISHING EFFORT per FLEET Fisheries # fishing days # fishing vessels Trawlers 8434 92 Longliners 6291 120 Purse seiners 8105 109
Mahdia Chebba
Tangier
Kerken-
M’Diq
Sfax Mahres/ Skhira
Al Hoceima
Izmir
Trawlers Cesme
Qu
Obs
Qu
Obs
Chebba Sfax Kerkennah Mahres/Skhira
180 106 60
152 24
60 120 -
90 -
Zarat/Gabès
60
-
-
-
Djerba Zarzis
65 60
60
-
-
Bougrara/Ketf
65
-
-
-
(12/13 omitted)
Teboulba
Polyv (<12 m)
Kusadasi
PROVINCE IZMIR AYDIN MUGLA ANTALYA
PORTS Foca, Izmir, Cesme Kusadasi Gulluk, Bodrum, Dataca, Marmaris, Gocek, Fethiye
MERSIN
Anamur, Tasucu, Mersin
Finke, Kemer, Antalya, Manavgat, Alanya
OFFICIAL # TARGETs # Polyv.(< 12m) # Trawlers Questionnaires On-Board 906 21 43 1 581 11 385 1 246
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Gulluk Antalya
Bodrum
Gocek Datca
Marmaris
Manavgat
Fethiye
Kemer
Mersin
Alanya Tasucu
Finike Anamur
Nador Djerba Zarat/ Gabes Boughrara
Zarzis
References Casale P. (2011) ’ Sea Turtle by-catch in the Mediterranean’ . Fish and Fisheries 12, pp 299– 316 FAO (2016) ‘The State of Mediterranean & Black Sea Fisheries’ GFCM. Rome Italy Gray CA., Kennelly SJ. (2018) ‘Bycatches of endangered, threatened and protected species in marine fisheries’. Reviews in Fish and Fisheries 28(3) pp. 521-541 Read AJ., Drinker P., Northridge S. (2005) ’ Bycatch of Marine Mammals in U.S. and Global Fisheries’ . Conservation Biology Vol 20 (1),pp 163– 169 Photos (from left to right): Sea Turtles, © Ayse Oruc / WWF-Turkey , http://marine-flagships.panda.org/green-turtles-in-peril-in-the-mediterranean.html; Seabirds, Credit: Vero Cortés, UB-IRBio, https://phys.org/news/2015-03-seabird-bycatch-mediterranean.html; Shark, ©robertharding.com, https://www.robertharding.com/preview/1015-11/blue-shark-gill-net-rr/; Pinnipeds, ©Richard Herrmann/ Minden Pictures , https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/photo/california-sea-lion-group-killed-as-bycatch-high-res-stock-photography/901751138; Cetaceans; Sourced: FishtekMarine, https://www.fishtekmarine.com/deterrent-pingers/