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Pp6} k/d]Zj/ lktf x'g'x'G5, h;af6 ;a} yf]s x'g cfP, clg h;s} lglDt xfdL lhpFb5f}+—xfd|f lglDt Pp6} k|e', o]z" v|Li6 x'g'x'G5, h;åf/f ;a} s'/f x'g cfP, / h;åf/f xfdL lhpFb5f}+ ! sf]l/GyL *M^

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k|e' o]z" v|Li6åf/f

tkfO{+ ;jf]{Rrsf] k/d]Zj/nfO{ hfGg ;Sg'x'G5 pxf“ cb[Zo k/d]Zj/sf] k|lt¿k, ;f/f ;[li6sf Ho]i7 x'g'x'G5, lsgls pxfFdf g} ;a} yf]s ;[li6 ePsf lyP . :ju{df / k[YjLdfly ePsf b[Zo / cb[Zo yf]sx¿, rfx] l;+xf;gx¿, rfx] k|e'Tjx¿, rfx] k|wfgtfx¿, rfx] clwsf/x¿, ;a} yf]s pxfFåf/} / pxfFs} lglDt ;[lhPsf x'g\ . sn:;L !M!%, !^

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pxfF g} k/d]Zj/sf dlxdfsf] k|ltlaDa / k/d]Zj/s} :jefjsf] jf:tljs k|lt¿k x'g'x'G5, / ;Dk"0f{ ljZjnfO{ cfˆgf] zlQmsf] jrgn] ;DefNg'x'G5 . kfksf] z'l4 ug'{ePkl5 dlxldt k/d]Zj/sf] bflxg] afx'nLkl§ pRr :yfgdf pxfF lj/fhdfg x'g'eof] . lxa|" !M#

k'qnfO{ OGsf/ ug]{ s'g} dflg;df lktf x'g'x'Gg . h;n] k'qnfO{ :jLsf/ u5{, To;;Fu lktf x'g'x'G5 . ! o"xGgf @M@# 9

k|e' o]z" v|Li6 u/La, s}bL, lyrf]ldrf]df k/]sf

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pxfF gf;/tdf cfpg'eof], hxfF pxfF x's{g'ePsf] lyof] . pxfF cfˆgf] cfbtcg';f/ zafy lbgdf ;ef3/df hfg'eof], / k9gnfO{ v8f x'g'eof] . pxfFnfO{ oz}of cudjQmfsf] k':ts lbOof] . pxfFn] Tof] k'':ts vf]n]/ of] s'/f] n]lvPsf] v08 lgsfNg'eof]M æk/dk|e'sf] cfTdf ddfly 5, lsgeg] u/Lax¿nfO{ ;';dfrf/ ;'gfpgsf lglDt pxfFn] dnfO{ cleif]s ug'{ePsf] 5 . s}bLx¿nfO{ 5'6sf/fsf] 3f]if0ff ug{, / cGwfx¿nfO{ b[li6 lbg, lyrf]ldrf]df k/]sfx¿nfO{ :jtGq u/fpgsf lglDt, / k/dk|e'sf] k|;Ggtfsf] jif{ 3f]if0ff ug{sf lglDt pxfFn] dnfO{ k7fpg'ePsf] 5 .Æ

pxfFn] k':ts aGb ug'{eof], / Ps hgf ;]jsnfO{ lbP/ pxfF a:g'eof] . ;ef3/df ePsfx¿ ;a}sf] gh/ pxfFdfly k¥of] . n"sf $M!^–@)

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k|e' o]z" v|Li6

xfd|f kfkx¿sf]] vflt/ dg{ cfpg'eof] . t/ k/d]Zj/n] xfd|f lglDt pxfFsf] k|]d o;}df b]vfpg' x'G5, ls xfdL kfkL 5Fb} vL|i6 xfd|f lglDt dg'{eof] . /f]dL %M*

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xfdL kfksf n]lv d/]]/ wfld{stfsf] n]lv lhcf}+ egL pxfFn] q'm;df cfˆg} z/L/df xfd|f kfk af]Sg'eof] . pxfFs} rf]6x¿åf/f ltdLx¿ lgsf] eof} . ! kq'; @M@$

lsgeg] xfdLnfO{ k/d]Zj/sxfF Nofpg v|Li6 klg kfkLx¿sf lglDt ;bfsf] nflu Psrf]l6 dg'{eof] . pxfF z/L/df dfl/g''eof], wdL{ hg cwdL{x¿sf lglDt– t/ cfTdfåf/f hLljt kfl/g'eof] . ! kq'; #M!*

k|e' o]z" v|Li6

d[To'dfly ljhoL x'g'eof] / cfh pxfF hLljt x'g'x'G5 .

xKtfsf] klxnf] lbg laxfg ;vf/} tL :qLx¿n] tof/ u/]sf ;'ulGwt b|Jo lnP/ ltgLx¿ lrxfgdf cfP . ltgLx¿n] 9''Ëf lrxfgaf6 x6fPsf] e]6fP . t/ leq k:bf ltgLx¿n] k|e' o]z"sf] z/L/ kfPgg\ . ha ltgLx¿ o; ljifodf cndNn kl//x]sf lyP, ta rxlsnf] kf]zfs klxl/Psf b'O{ k''?ifx¿ ltgLx¿sf 5]j}df v8f eP .

ltgLx¿ eoeLt eP clg hdLglt/ lz/ e'msfP, t/ tL b'O{ k'?ifn] eg], ltdLx¿ hLljt JolQmnfO{ d[tsx¿sf lardf lsg vf]H5f} < pxfF oxfF x'g'x'Gg, t/ hLljt eO{ p7\g'ePsf] 5 . ufnLndf x''g'x'Fbf pxfFn] ltdLx¿nfO{ s] eGg'ePsf] lyof] Tof] ofb u/, ls dflg;sf] k'q kfkL dflg;x¿sf] xftdf ;'lDkg', / q'm;df 6fFlug', / t];|f] lbgdf hLljt eO{ p7\g' cfjZos 5 . n"sf @$M!–&

lsgeg] d}n] h] kfPF, To;}nfO{ ;a}eGbf d''Vo ljifosf] ¿kdf ltdLx¿nfO{ ;'lDklbPF cyf{t kljq wd{zf:qcg';f/ v|Li6 xfd|f kfksf lglDt dg'{eof] . pxfF ufl8g'eof], / kljq wd{zf:qcg';f/ t];|f] lbgdf pxfF k'ghL{ljt kfl/g'eof] . pxfF s]kmf;sxfF, clg afx|} hgfsxfF b]vf kg'{eof] . Tokl5 pxfF Ps} ;dodf kFfr ;oeGbf a9L efOx¿sxfF Ps;fy b]vf kg'{eof], h;dWo] w]/}h;f] clxn];Dd 5Fb}5g\ t/ sf]xL–sf]xL ;'lt;s]sf 5g\ . To;kl5 ofs"a / ;a} k|]l/tx¿sxfF pxfF b]vf kg'{eof] . ! sf]l/GyL !%M#–^ 23

k|e' o]z" v|Li6n] xfd|f] kfksf]

b08 ltg'{eof] . k/d]Zj/sf] dlxldt dfkb08

;a}n] kfk u/]sf 5g\Ù xfdL ;a} k/d]Zj/sf dlxldt dfkb08b]lv r's]sf 5f} + . lsgls ;a}n] kfk u/]sf 5g\, / k/d]Zj/sf] dlxdf;Dd k'Ugaf6 r's]sf 5g\ k/d]Zj/sf cg'u|xsf] j/bfgn] v|Li6 o]z"df ePsf] p4f/af6 ltgLx¿ l;Q}Fdf wdL{ 7xl/Psf 5g\ . k/d]Zj/n] v|Li6nfO{ pxfFsf] /utåf/f k|folZrtsf] alnbfg :j¿k k|:t't ug'{eof], h'g k|folZrt ljZjf;åf/f u|x0f ug{'kb{5 . of] sfd k/d]Zj/n] cfˆgf] wfld{stf b]vfpgnfO{ ug'{eof], lsgeg] pxfFsf] O{Zj/Lo w}o{df cufl8sf kfkx¿nfO{ pxfFn] jf:tf ug'ePsf] lyPg . /f]dL #M@#–@%

o]z"n] ltgnfO{ eGg'eof], æaf6f], ;To / hLjg d g} x'F . dåf/fafx]s sf]xL klg lktfsxfF cfpg ;Sb}g .Æ o"xGgf !$M^ dflg;sf] dfkb08

tkfO{+ k/d]Zj/sf] dfkb08df k'Ug / pxfFnfO{ cfˆg} k|of;x¿åf/f v';L t'Nofpg ;Sg'x'GgÙ To;sf/0f tkfO{+sf] cfˆgf] 5'6sf/fsf] lglDt tkfO{+nfO{ o]z" v|Li6sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . k|e' o]z" v|Li6 k/d]Zj/sxfF k'Ug] Ps dfq af6f] x'g'x'G5 .

v|Li6df dfq k/d]Zj/sf] dfkb08df k'Ug;lsG5 . k/d]Zj/sf] dlxldt dfkb08

Plzofdf x'g]x¿ ;a} daf6 tls{Psf ltdLnfO{ yfx} 5, tLdWo] k'mu]n; / xdf]{u]g; x'g\ . k|e'n] cf]g]l;km/;sf] 3/fgfnfO{ s[kf /fv""g\, lsgeg] ltgn] dnfO{ cS;/ xf};nf lbGy], / d]/f ;fËnfsf] zd{ dfGb}gy] . @ ltdf]yL !M!%–!^

c¿ s;}df d'lQm 5}g, lsgls xfdLn] d'lQm kfpgnfO{ :ju{d'lg dflg;x¿df csf]{ s'g} gfd lbOPsf] 5}g . k|]l/t $M!@

tkfO{n + ] o]z" v|Li6åf/f

cgGt hLjg k|fKt ug'{x'G5

Ifdf

hLjg

ls p lt 7

t g k lsgls kfksf] Hofnf d[To' xf], t/ k/d]Zj/sf] l;Q}sf] j/bfg v|Li6 o]z" xfd|f k|e'df cgGt hLjg xf] .

/f]dL ^M@#

lsgeg] k/d]Zj/n] ;+;f/nfO{ o:tf] k|]d ug'{eof] . ls pxfFn] cfˆgf Psdfq k'q lbg'eof], tfls pxfFdfly ljZjf; ug]{ sf]xL klg gfz gxf];\, t/ To;n] cgGt hLjg kfcf];\ . lsgls k/d]Zj/n] ;+;f/nfO{ bf]ifL 7x/fpg egL k'qnfO{ ;+;f/df k7fpg'ePg, t/ ;+;f/ pxfFåf/f afFrf];\ eg]/ k7fpg'eof] . o"xGgf #M!^–!& 26

k d d

c u t

k|e' v|Li6nfO{ cfˆgf] hLjgdf cfpg lbg'xf];\ .

æx]/ d 9f]sfdf pleP/ 9s9SofpF5' . s;}n] d]/f] cfjfh ;'g]/ 9f]sf vf]lnlbof] eg], d To;sxfF leq k:g]5' / To;;Fu ef]hg vfg]5', / To;n] d;Fu vfg]5 .Æ k|sfz #M@)

k|e' o]z" d]/f] lglDt dg'{eof] egL ljZjf; ug'{xf];\ .

lsgls olb ltdLn] o]z"nfO{ k|e' xf] egL cfˆgf] d'vn] :jLsf/ u¥of}, / k/d]Zj/n] pxfFnfO{ d/]sfx¿af6 hLljt kfg'{eof] egL cfˆgf] x[bodf ljZjf; u¥of} eg] ltd|f] p4f/ x''g]5 . lsgls dflg;n] cfˆgf] x[bon] ljZjf; u5{ / pm lgbf]{if 7xl/G5, clg p;n] cfˆgf] d'vn] :jLsf/ u5{ / p4f/ kfpF5 . /f]dL !)M(–!)

d k/d]Zj/sf] ;Gtfg x'F egL hfGg'xf];\ .

t/ hltn] pxfFnfO{ u|x0f u/] / pxfFsf] gfpFdfly ljZjf;, u/] pxfFn] ltgLx¿nfO{ k/d]Zj/sf ;Gtfg x'g] clwsf/ lbg'eof] . o"xGgf !M!@

tkfO{+n] k|e' o]z" v|Li6nfO{ clxn] g} u|x0f ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 .

x[bob]lv of] k|fy{gf ug'{xf];\M

k|e' o]z", d]/f] lglDt q'm;df dg'{ePsf] lglDt tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb . d tkfO{+sf] dfkb08df s'g} klg xfntdf k'Ug ;lSbgF jf cfk}FmnfO{ arfpg ;lSbgF eGg] s'/f d :jLsf/ ub{5' . d]/f kfkx¿ Ifdf ul/lbg'xf];\ . dnfO{ arfpg'xf];\ / clxn] g} d k"0f{ ¿kdf tkfO{+df ;dlk{t x'Fb5' . dnfO{ cfˆg} ;Gtfgsf] ¿kdf k|]d u/]/ u|x0f ug'{ePsf] nflu wGojfb . clxn] d k/d]Zj/sf] ;Gtfg x'g kfPsf]df tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb / cfd]g . 27

o]z" v|Li6n]

pxfFn] tkfO{+nfO{ ljhoL x'g ;xfotf ug'{x'g]5 .

lg p t c N r

tkfO{s + f] ;d:ofdf jf:tf ug'x{ G' 5 . olb tkfO{+n] dfly pNn]lvt k|fy{gf ug'{ePsf] 5 eg] tkfO{+sf kfkx¿ Ifdf eO;s]sf 5g\ . ca tkfO{+ k/d]Zj/sf] ;Gtfg x'g'ePsf] 5 . k/d]Zj/sf] cfTdf, kljq cfTdf tkfO{+df jf; ug'{x'G5 . pxfFn] g} tkfO{+nfO{ xf};nf lbFb} / tkfO{+sf] b}lgs hLjgdf dfu{lgb]{zg ug'{x'Fb} o]z" v|Li6sf] cg'ofoL x'g ;xfotf ug'{x'g]5 . o]z"n] eGg'eof], æha pxfF, cyf{t ;Tosf cfTdf cfpg'x'G5 , ta pxfF n] ltdLx¿nfO{ ;a} ;Totfdf 8f]¥ofpg'x'g]5 . pxfF cfˆgf] tkm{af6 af]Ng'x'g]5}g . pxfFn] h] ;'Gg'x'g]5, ToxL af]Ng'x'G5, / x'g cfpg] s'/fx¿ ltdLx¿nfO{ 3f]if0ff ul/lbg'x'g]5 . o"xGgf !^M!# kljq cfTdfn] tkfO{+nfO{ tkfO{+k|ltsf] k/d]Zj/sf] k|]d / jf:tf :d/0f u/fpg'x'g]5 . b'Mvx¿ cfpFbf tkfO{+n] PSn} ;fdgf ug'{kb}{g . tkfO{+nfO{ ;fGTjgf, 1fg / ;fx; k|bfg ug{sf] nflu tkfO{+sf lglDt k/d]Zj/sf w]/} ;'Gb/ k|lt1fx¿ 5g\ . tLdWo] s]xL k|lt1fx¿ oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf 5g\M ha tkfO{+ 8/fpg'x'G5

o;}n] g8/f, lsgls d tFl;t 5'' . lg?T;flxt gxf], lsgls d t]/f k/d]Zj/ x'F . d tFnfO{ alnof] kfg]{5' . d tFnfO{ ;xfotf ug]{5' . d]/f] wfld{stfsf] bflxg] xftn] d tFnfO{ ;DxfNg]5' . oz}of $!M!)

ha tkfO{+ lg/fz x'g'x'G5

ha wfld{s hgx¿n] k'sf/ u5{g\, ta k/dk|e'n] ;Gg'x'G5, / ltdLx¿sf ;a} ;Íi6af6 ltgLx¿nfO{ p4f/ lbg'x'G5 . r"0f{ x[bo ePsfx¿ ;a}sf glhs k/dk|e x'g'x'G5, / lg/fz ePsfx¿nfO{ pxfFn] arfpg'x'G5 . ehg #$M!&–!* 28

t a d u p

o h lj

ha tkfO{+ la/fdL x'g'x'G5

lgZro g} p;n] xfd|f lga{ntfx¿ Aff]Sof], / xfd|f b'Mv ef]Uof], tfklg xfdLn] p;nfO{ k/d]Zj/af6 lxsf{OPsf], pxfFaf6 lkl6Psf] / b'Mvdf k/]sf] ;D‰of}+ . t/ pm t xfd|f ck/fwx¿sf lglDt 5]l8of] . xfd|f cwd{sf lglDt pm k]lnof] . xfdLdf zflGt Nofpg] b08 p;dfly k¥of], / p;sf] sf]/f{sf] rf]6n] xfdL lgsf] eof} + . oz}of %#M$–%

ha tkfO{+ ylst x'g'x'G5

æx] ;a} yfs]sf / af]emn] blaPsf xf], dsxfF cfcf], d ltdLx¿nfO{ lj>fd lbg]5' . d]/f] h'jf cfkm"dfly n]cf], / d;Fu l;s, lsgeg] d ljgd| / sf]dn Åbosf] 5', clg ltdLx¿n] cfˆgf cfTdfdf lj>fd kfpg]5f} . lsgls d]/f] h'jf ;lhnf] 5, / d]/f] ef/L xn'sf] 5 .Æ dQL !!M@*–#)

ha tkfO{+ d[To'sf] glhs k'Ug'x'G5

t/ efO xf], ;'ltuPsfx¿sf ljifodf ltdLx¿ chfg a; eGg] xfdL OR5f ub}{gf}+, / ltdLx¿n] cfzf gx'g] dflg;x¿h:tf zf]s ug{ gk/f];\ . lsgls xfdL ljZjf; u5f}{+, ls o]z" dg'{eof] / km]l/ lhOp7\g'eof] / To;/L g} k/d]Zj/n] pxfFdf ;'ltuPsfx¿nfO{ o]z"åf/f Nofpg'x'G5 . ! y];nf]lgsL $M!#–!$

o]z"n] ltgnfO{ eGg'eof], æk'g?Tyfg / hLjg d g} x'F . dnfO{ ljZjf; ug]{ d¥of] eg] klg hLljt x'g]5 . clg lhpg] / ddfly ljZjf; ug]{ k|To]s slxNo} dg]{5}g . s] ltdL of] ljZjf; u¥5Øf} <Æ o"xGgf !!M@%–@^ 29

ha tkfO{+ c;'/lIft dx;'; ug'{x'G5

xfdLn] o;df s] eGg] t < olb k/d]Zj/ xfdLtkm{ x'g'x'G5 eg], xfd|f] lj?4 sf] x''G5 < h;n] cfˆg} lgh k'qnfO{ afFsL /fVg'ePg, t/ xfdL ;a}sf lglDt pxfFnfO{ lbg'eof], s] pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ ;a} yf]s klg pxfFs} ;fydf lbg'x'g]5}g / <

w x u v lt c

/f]dL *M#!–#@

ha tkfO{+ lrlGtt x'g'x'G5

o;sf/0f k/d]Zj/sf] zlQmzfnL afx'nLd'lg ltdLx¿ cfkm}FnfO{ ljgd| t'Nofcf], / pxfFn] plrt ;dodf ltdLx¿nfO{ pRr kfg'{x'g]5 . ltdLx¿sf ;f/f lkmqmL pxfFnfO{ ;'lDkb]cf], lsgls pxfFn] ltdLx¿sf] jf:tf ug'{x'G5 . ! kq'; %M^–&

ha tkfO{+ k};fsf] ljifodf lrlGtt x'g'x'G5

d]/f k/d]Zj/n] cfˆgf] dlxdfdf pxfFsf] ;DklQcg';f/ ltdLx¿sf] x/]s vfFrf] v|Li6 o]z"df k""/f ul/lbg'x'g]5 . lkmlnKkL $M!( ha tkfO{+ l/;fpg' ePsf] x'G5

qmf]w u/, t/ kfk gu/ . 3fd c:tfpg cl3 g} ltdLx¿sf] /L; d/f];\ .

lg b

h / k x

Plkm;L $M@^

ha tkfO{+ PSnf] x'g'x'G5

d}n] ltdLx¿nfO{ cf1f u/]sf ;a} s'/f kfng ug{ ltgLx¿nfO{ l;sfcf] . x]/, d o'usf] cGTo;Dd ;w}F ltdLx¿sf] ;fydf 5' . dQL @*M@) 30

e''n

ha tkfO{+ ckdflgt aGg'x'G5 .

wGo wfld{stfsf] lglDt ;tfOg]x¿, lsgeg] :ju{sf] /fHo ltgLx¿sf] xf] . wGo xf} ltdLx¿, ha dflg;x¿n] d]/f] vflt/ ltdLx¿sf] lgGbf ug]{5g\ / ;tfpg]5g\, / em""6f af]n]/ ltdLx¿sf lj?4df ;a lsl;dsf v/fa s'/f eGg]5g\ . ta /dfcf], / cToGt v'';L xf]cf], lsgeg] :ju{df ltdLx¿sf] O|gfd 7"nf] x'g]5 . lsgeg] o;/L g} ltdLx¿eGbf cl3sf cudjQmfx?nfO{ ltgLx¿n] ;tfPsf lyP . dQL %M !)–!@ ha cGofo x'G5

t/ v|Li6nfO{ k|e' dfg]/ ltd|f] Åbodf pxfFsf] >4f u/ . ltdLx¿df ePsf cfzfsf] ljifodf s;}n] ;f]wk""5 u/] To;sf] hjfkm lbg ;w}F tTk/ a;, t/ Tof] sfd gd|tf / cGofo >4f;fy u/ . ltdLx¿sf ljj]s z''4 /fv, tfls ltdLx¿sf] lj/f]wdf af]Ng] / v|Li6df ltdLx¿sf rfnrngsf] lgGbf ug{]x¿ nlHht xf]pmg\ . olb k/d]Zj/sf] o:t} OR5f 5 eg] v/faL u/]/ b'Mv ef]Ug'eGbf enfO u/]/ b''Mv ef]Ug'' g} c;n xf] . ! kq'; #M!%–!& ha tkfO{+ czflGtdf x'g'x'G5

h;sf] dg tkfO{+df cl8Psf] 5, To;nfO{ tkfO{+n] k"/f zflGtdf /fVg'x'G5 . lsgeg] To;n] tkfO+{dfly e/f];f /fV5 . ;bf;j{bf k/dk|e'df e/f];f /fv, lsgeg] k/dk|e' g} ;gftgsf r§fg x'g'x'G5 . oz}of @^M#–$ ha tkfO{+ uNtL af]w ug'x'G5

e''n

olb xfdLn] cfˆgf kfkx¿ :jLsf/ u¥ofF} eg] pxfFn] xfd|f kfk Ifdf ug'{x'G5, / ;a} cwd{af6 xfdLnfO{ z'4 kfg'{x'G5, lsgls pxfF ljZjf;of]Uo / wdL{ x'g'x'G5 . ! o"xGgf !M( k/dk|e' eGg'x'G5, æca cfcf], xfdL ;Fu;Fu} a;]/ cfˆgf s'/fsf] 5nkmn u/f}+ . ltdLx¿sf kfkx¿ l;Gb""/] /Ësf eP tfklg tL lxpFh:t} ;]tf x'g]5g\ . uf9f /ftf /Ësf eP tfklg tL pmgh:t} x'g]5g\ . oz}of !M!* 31

ha tkfO{+ cw}o{ aGg k'Ug'x'G5

k/dk|e'sf] ;fd'Gg] df}g a; / w}o{k"j{s pxfFsf] k|tLIff u/ . dflg; cfˆgf s'dfu{df kmlnkmfk x'Fbf / To;n] v/fa o'lQmx¿ sfof{Gjog ubf{ ltdL emsf]{ gdfg . ehg #&M&

Nepali

Kof/f] k/d]Zj/, tkfO{+nfO{ lktf egL k'sfg{ kfPsf]df d tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb lbFb5' . k|e' o]z" d]/f] lglDt dg{, ;fy} d]/f kfk tyf e''nx¿b]lv dnfO{ p4f/ ug''{ ePsf]df d tkfO{+k|lt cgGt;Dd wGojfbL 5' . tkfO{+n] dnfO{ ug'{ePsf] k|]d / jf:tfsf] lglDt tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb xf];\ . tkfO{+nfO{ yfx} x'g g;Sg] s'g} klg To:tf] ;fgf] ;d:of 5}g gtf tkfO{+n] ;dfwfg ug{ g;Sg] s'g} To:tf 7"nf ;d:of g} 5g\ . afOan wd{zf:qdf ePsf ;'Gb/ k|lt1fx¿sf lglDt tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb xf];\ . d]]/f] b}lgs hLjgdf dfu{lgb]{zg ub}{ / 9f8; lbFb} kljq cfTdf x/kn dl;t x'g'ePsf] xf];\ egL d k|fy{gf ub{5' . tkfO{+df ljZjf; u/]sf] sf/0fn] k|fKt x'g] cfgGb / zflGtsf] lglDt d tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb lbFb5' . cfd]g

Cartoons by alfred luther

wGojfbsf] k|fy{gf

;fFrf]

hLjgsf] /x:o olb tkfO{+ afOan, k/d]Zj/ clg tkfO{+sf] hLjgdf pxf“sf] of]hgf af/] cem} a9L hfGg rfxg'x'G5 eg] tn lbOPsf] kmf/fd e/]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ M

d afOan ;DaGwL / d]/f] lglDt k/d]Zj/sf] of]hgf af/] cem} w]/} hfGg rfxG5' . 3 d]/f] OR5fcg';f/ lgDg jfSox?df o:tf] -3_ lrGx nufp“b5' M d afOan kqfrf/ kf7\oqmddf btf{ x'g rfxG5' . dnfO{ O;fO{ -lqml:rog_ aGg] tl/sf af/]df cem w]/} hfGg] OR5f 5 ;fy} dnfO{ s;}n] ;Dks{ u/f];\ eGg] klg rfxG5'' . o; k'l:tsfdf p4[t ul/Psf egfOx¿ ;dflxt ePsf] gof“ lgod afOansf] Pp6f k|lt l;Q}df k|fKt ug{ rfxG5' . d d]/f] gfd / 7]ufgf :ki6 cIf/df n]lv/x]sf] 5' M gfd M __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 7]ufgf M _________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ x'nfs M _________________________________

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;fFrf] hLjgsf] /x:o tkfO{+ cfˆgf] eljio af/] lglZrt x'g'x'G5 <

d s;/L ;fFrf] zflGt k|fKt ug{ ;S5' t <

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